第03章 传道人的特征
§1
第03章 传道人的特征
§2
Chapter 3—Characteristics of a Minister
§3
传道人真基督徒品格的感化力就像悦人的阳光——上帝号召传道人接受祂的真理，奉祂的名传扬赐与世人的最庄严的信息，并高举圣经真理的旗帜，在日常生活中示范真理的教训。这么做会吸引许多已经筑起不信壁垒的人信从真道。真基督徒品格的感化力就象悦人的阳光，刺透黑暗，进入最隐秘的角落。从真基督徒传道人身上焕发的榜样之光不应该是断续不定，象流星那样一闪而过的，而应该象天上的众星一样发出平静而稳定的光辉。--RH1878.8.8.{PaM 35.1}[1]
§4
The influence of a minister’s true Christian character is like cheering rays of sunlight—God calls upon ministers who accept His truth, and bear, in His name, the most solemn message ever given to the world, to lift the standard of Bible truth, and exemplify its precepts in their daily lives. Such a course would charm into believing many who have intrenched themselves behind the breast-works of infidelity. The influence of a true Christian character is like the cheering rays of sunlight that pierce to the remotest corners of the dark places into which they are allowed to enter. The light emanating from the example of the true Christian minister should not be fitful and uncertain like the flash of a meteor, but it should have the calm and steady radiance of the heavenly stars.—The Review and Herald, August 8, 1878.?{PaM 35.1}[1]
§5
犹大乃是那些可能爱耶稣，却依恋自己可恶品性的传道人的鉴戒——他在基督身上看到了纯正、无邪恶、无玷污的品格。他的心也曾受吸引而爱他的夫子。但是那照在他身上基督品格的光辉，也附带着责任，就是每一个与基督品格不和谐的先天或后天的缺点都要放弃。犹大在这一点上没有经受住考验。贪爱世界在他心中已是根深蒂固。他并没有放弃爱世俗的心，他的野心也没有在基督里屈服。他从来没有完全降服于耶稣。他认为他能保持自己的判断和见解。即或在他担负基督的传道人的职责时，他也未使自己受基督的神圣陶冶。他依恋自己那可恶的品性，放纵自己犯罪的恶习。他没有变为纯洁而有基督的样式，反倒变得自私和贪婪。——ST1893.12.18.{PaM 35.2}[2]
§6
Judas exemplifies ministers who may love Jesus, but cling to their objectionable traits of character—In Christ he beheld a character that was pure, harmless, and undefiled, and his heart was drawn out in love for his Master. But the light that was shed upon him from the character of Christ, brought with it the responsibility of yielding up every natural or acquired trait that was not in harmony with the character of Christ. In this Judas did not stand the test. The love of the world was deeply rooted in his heart, and he did not give up his love for the world, nor surrender his ambition to Christ. He never came to the point of surrendering himself fully to Jesus. He felt that he could retain his own individual judgment and opinion. While he accepted the position of the minister of Christ, yet he never brought himself under the divine moulding of Christ. He clung to his objectionable traits of character, and indulged in his own sinful habits, and, instead of becoming pure and Christlike, he became selfish and covetous.—The Signs of the Times, December 18, 1893.?{PaM 35.2}[2]
§7
我们需要悔改归正的传道人员——在这个危险的时代，我们所需要的乃是悔改归正的传道人员。我们需要那些认识到自己心灵贫乏而愿恳切寻求圣灵恩赐的人。要预备心灵，好让上帝赐福予我们，但是人们没有进行这种心灵的工作。传道人们何时能够意识到赋予他们的庄严责任，并恳切祈求上天的能力呢？务须有圣灵使传道人的讲道犀利有力，否则他的讲道就会像该隐的祭物一样缺少基督的义。--RH1892.4.5.{PaM 35.3}[3]
§8
【Consecration】
§9
What we need is a converted ministry—What we need in this time of peril is a converted ministry. We need men who realize their soul poverty, and who will earnestly seek for the endowment of the Holy Spirit. A preparation of heart is necessary that God may give us His blessing, but this?heart work is not done. O, when will the ministry awake to the solemn responsibilities that are laid upon them, and earnestly plead for heavenly power? It is the Holy Spirit that must give edge and power to the discourse of the minister, or his preaching will be as destitute of the righteousness of Christ as was the offering of Cain.—The Review and Herald, April 5, 1892.?{PaM 35.3}[3]
§10
那些难以改变，品性倔强固执的人，如果得以改变，就会成为最有价值的传道人——传道人出现在我面前，带着他们悔改以前的行为和品性——就是最坚强，最倔强，最固执，最难以改变的个性——然而，这些性格的每一特质都是他们在上帝的工作中所需要的。我们不要将之扼杀。要担任上帝事业所托付的要职，这些都是必要的。品格必须要发生变化。面酵要在人心中发挥作用，直到每一举动都与上帝的旨意相合。他们成圣以后，就变得极有价值了。上帝能在祂圣工的各部门使用这一等人。--9MR61.{PaM 36.1}[4]
§11
Those with incorrigible, unbending, stubborn traits of character, when transformed, make the most valuable ministers—Ministers have been presented to me, with their course of action and their character before they were converted—the hardest and most incorrigible, the most unbending, the most stubborn—and yet, every one of these traits of character was what they needed in the work of God. We don’t want to kill that. It is needed in order to fill important positions of trust in the cause of God. There must be a transformation of character. The leaven must work in the human heart, until every action is in conformity to the will of God, and they are sanctified; then they become the most valuable. It is this very kind of individuals that God can use in the different branches of His work.—Manuscript Releases 9:61.?{PaM 36.1}[4]
§12
虔诚和献身精神才是重要的——最适合成功管理教会的人不一定都是男性。忠心的妇女若有比男人更虔诚和真正献身的精神，她们就确实能藉着祈祷和辛劳比不奉献身心的男人做更多的工作。--19MR56.{PaM 36.2}[5]
§13
Piety and devotion are what count—It is not always men who are best adapted to the successful management of a church. If faithful women have more deep piety and true devotion than men, they could indeed by their prayers and their labors do more than men who are unconsecrated in heart and in life.—Manuscript Releases 19:56.?{PaM 36.2}[5]
§14
【自我牺牲】
§15
传道人的工作需要牺牲，但牺牲的程度比不上许多先人--传道人并没有照着上帝所要求他们的全部献给上帝的工作。有些人感到传道人的命分是艰苦的，因为他们不得不与家人分离。他们忘了这工作曾比现在更难做。从前圣工只有很少的赞助者。他们忘了上帝曾在过去使之肩负重担的那些人。那时做大量工作却只有很少的人接受真理。上帝所拣选的仆人们为清楚地理解真理而哭泣祈求，忍受穷困缺乏并且多多舍己，为要将真理传给别人。他们一步一步地跟随了上帝敞开的天意所带领的道路。他们并没有考虑自己的便利或在艰难困苦面前退缩。上帝藉着这些人预备了道路，使每一个诚实的人可以清楚地明白真理。万事俱备，交在了后来信奉真理的传道人手里，可是他们中的有些人却没能负起圣工的担子。他们追求安逸的命分，不怎么舍己的职位。这世界并非基督徒的安息之所，更不要说是上帝所拣选之传道人的安息之所了。他们忘了基督曾离开祂富有而荣耀的天国，来到地上受死，也忘了祂吩咐我们要彼此相爱象祂爱了我们一样。他们忘了世界不配有的那些人曾披着绵羊和山羊的皮各处奔跑，受患难和苦害。--1T370,371.{PaM 36.3}[6]
§16
【Self-Sacrifice】
§17
The minister’s work demands sacrifice, but less than many who have gone before—The preachers are not all given up to the work of God, as He requires them to be. Some have felt that the lot of a preacher was hard because they had to be separated from their families. They forget that once it was harder laboring than it is now. Once there were but few friends of the cause. They forget those upon whom God laid the burden of the work in the past. There were but a few then who received the truth as the result of much labor. God’s chosen servants wept and prayed for a clear understanding of truth, and suffered privation and much self-denial in order to carry it to others. Step by step they followed as God’s opening providence led the way. They did not study their own convenience or shrink at hardships. Through these men God prepared the way and made the truth plain to the understanding of every honest mind. Everything has been made ready to the hands of ministers who have since embraced the truth, yet some of them have failed to take upon them the burden of the work. They seek for an easier lot, a less self-denying position. This earth is not the resting place of Christians, much less for the chosen ministers of God. They forget that Christ left His riches and glory in heaven, and came to earth to die, and that He has commanded us to?love one another even as He has loved us. They forget those of whom the world was not worthy, who wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins, and were afflicted and tormented.—Testimonies for the Church 1:370, 371.?{PaM 36.3}[6]
§18
认为自己工作太辛劳的传道人，最好参观一下使徒保罗的工场--他虽然身体虚弱，还要白天从事圣工，晚上劳动，时常通宵达旦地工作来供给自己和别人的需要。--4T410.{PaM 37.1}[7]
§19
Let ministers who feel they are suffering hardships, visit the workshop of the apostle Paul—Although feeble in health, he labored during the day in serving the cause of Christ, and then toiled a large share of the night, and frequently all night, that he might make provision for his own and others’ necessities.—Testimonies for the Church 4:410.?{PaM 37.1}[7]
§20
试炼预备传道人成为成功的牧者--摩西蒙上帝指示去获得一种经验，照管、体贴、温柔地关怀他的羊群，以便作为忠心的牧人，准备好在上帝呼召他时，去照管祂的子民。从事传讲真理之伟大工作的人，需要有相似的经验。传道人为要把人带到那赐生命的泉源，必须自己先从那泉源取饮。他必须看到上帝儿子为拯救堕落人类而做出的无限牺牲，他自己的心灵也必须被不死之爱的精神所充满。上帝若指定我们去做艰苦的工作，我们必须毫无怨言地去做。道路若是艰难危险，上帝计划是要让我们温顺地跟从，并且向祂呼求得力量。应该从我们一些传道人的经验中得到教训。他们一点儿也未经历过艰难和试炼，却总是视自己为殉道者。他们还要学会对上帝选择的道路充满感激，记念我们救恩的创始者。应该用比在业务交易中所付出的更大的恳切、活力和热心，从事传道人的工作，因为这项工作更加神圣，结果也更加重要。--4T442.{PaM 37.2}[8]
§21
Trials prepare preachers for success as shepherds—Moses was directed of God to obtain an experience in care-taking, in thoughtfulness, in tender solicitude for his flock, that he might, as a faithful shepherd, be ready when God should call him to take charge of His people. A similar experience is essential for those who engage in the great work of preaching the truth. In order to lead souls to the life-giving fountain, the preacher must first drink at the fountain himself. He must see the infinite sacrifice made by the Son of God to save fallen men, and his own soul must be imbued with the spirit of undying love. If God appoints us hard labor to perform, we must do it without a murmur. If the path is difficult and dangerous, it is God’s plan to have us follow in meekness and cry unto Him for strength. A lesson is to be learned from the experience of some of our ministers who have known nothing comparatively of difficulties and trials, yet ever look upon themselves as martyrs. They have yet to learn to accept with thankfulness the way of God’s choosing, remembering the Author of our salvation. The work of the minister should be pursued with an earnestness, energy, and zeal as much greater than that put forth in business transactions as the labor is more sacred and the result more momentous.—Testimonies for the Church 4:442.?{PaM 37.2}[8]
§22
牧者需要有仁慈怜悯的品质.--A弟兄，你需要极其殷勤地控制自我，培养一种与上帝圣言的原则协调一致的品格。你需要教育和训练自己，以便成为一名成功的牧人。你需要培养温良的性情，培养仁慈、愉快、轻松活泼、慷慨、怜悯、谦恭、礼貌、同情的品格特性。你应该克服郁闷、狭隘、顽固、专横、挑剔的精神。如果你想从事上帝的工作，就需要积极与自我作战，按照那神圣的模范塑造自己的品格。--3T420.{PaM 37.3}[9]
§23
【Compassion】
§24
Shepherds need kindly, compassionate traits of character—Brother A, you need to work with the utmost diligence to control self and develop a character in harmony with the principles of the Word of God. You need to educate and train yourself in order to become a successful shepherd. You need to cultivate a good temper—kindly, cheerful, buoyant, generous, pitiful, courteous, compassionate traits of character. You should overcome a morose, bigoted, narrow, faultfinding, overbearing spirit. If you are connected with the work of God you need to battle with yourself vigorously and form your character after the divine Model.—Testimonies for the Church 3:420.?{PaM 37.3}[9]
§25
基督化意味着仁爱服务的人生，特别是对那些不可爱的人——耶稣在履行祂一生的使命时，对于人的生命表现了何等奇妙的珍视啊！祂并非以君王的身分来到人间，以博取人们的关注、尊敬和服侍，而是甘愿服务和提拔世人。祂说祂来不是要受人的服侍，而是要服侍人。我们众人的确都要更加充分地学习宽恕的伟大教训。我们必须操练基督徒的美德。无论在什么地方，基督见到一个人，就视之为需要同情的人。我们中间有许多人乐于为某些特殊的对象──那些为我们所尊重的人──服务；可是我们倘若不是那么冷酷，不仁和自私的话，基督就能使我们成为需要同情之人的福惠。而我们却不屑一顾地忽略了他们。我们没有帮助他们，尽管这是我们的本分，——忍受他们的无礼，同时设法培养与其相反的品性。--RH1887.4.12.{PaM 37.4}[10]
§26
Christlikeness means living to love and serve—especially the unlovely—What a wonderful reverence Jesus expressed in His life mission for human life! He stood not among the people as a king demanding attention,?reverence, service, but as one who wished to serve, to lift up humanity. He said He had not come to be ministered unto, but to minister. I am sure that the great lesson of forgiveness must be learned more perfectly by us all, and we must practice the Christian graces. Wherever Christ saw a human being He saw one who needed human sympathy. Many of us are willing to serve certain ones,—those whom we honor,—but the very ones to whom Christ would make us a blessing if we were not so cold-hearted, so unkind and selfish, we pass by as unworthy of our notice. We do not help them, though it is our duty to do this,—to bear with their rudeness, while seeking to cultivate the opposite traits of character.—The Review and Herald, April 12, 1887.?{PaM 37.4}[10]
§27
【积极的态度】
§28
欢喜快乐而不放任轻浮--开玩笑、说笑话以及世俗的闲谈是属乎世界的。凡心中有上帝平安的基督徒，必是欢喜快乐而不放任轻浮的言语和举动的。他们一方面儆醒祈祷，同时也必拥有那使他们超越一切多余事物之上的宁静与平安。--3T241.{PaM 38.1}[11]
§29
【Positive Attitude】
§30
Be cheerful and happy without indulging in lightness or frivolity—Jesting, joking, and worldly conversation belong to the world. Christians who have the peace of God in their hearts, will be cheerful and happy without indulging in lightness or frivolity. While watching unto prayer, they will have a serenity and peace which will elevate them above all superfluities.—Testimonies for the Church 3:241.?{PaM 38.1}[11]
§31
因环境不利而疑惑不信证明属灵上出了问题--一个人若是这样因自己的环境不利而谈论疑惑和不信，则无需更大的证据，这一事实就足以证明他离耶稣很远，并且过着忽略私下祷告、忽略个人敬虔的生活。这样的人并不具有基督那纯洁、真实、没有玷污的信仰。他们拥有的是虚假的材料，会被火炼的过程彻底消灭，如同渣滓一样。上帝一试验他们，考验他们的信心，他们就动摇了，站立不稳，左右摇摆。他们没有保罗那种真材实料，以致能在患难中夸耀，因为“患难生忍耐，忍耐生老练，老练生盼望，盼望不至于羞耻，因为所赐给我们的圣灵将上帝的爱浇灌在我们心里”（罗5:3-5）。他们的信仰是一种出于环境的信仰。如果他们周围的人都对第三位天使信息的最终胜利具有坚强的信心和勇气，且没有特别的势力反对他们，他们就显得有些信心。然而一旦圣工似乎遇到了逆境，工作步履维艰，且需要每一个人的帮助时，这些可怜的人，虽然可能自称是福音的传道人，就会以为事事无成了。这些人是阻碍而不是帮助。--2T514.{PaM 38.2}[12]
§32
Doubt and unbelief, resulting from unfavorable circumstances, indicate spiritual problems—No greater evidence need be asked that a person is at a great distance from Jesus, and living in neglect of secret prayer, neglecting personal piety, than the fact that he thus talks doubts and unbelief because his surroundings are not favorable. Such persons have not the pure, true, undefiled religion of Christ. They have a spurious article which the refining process will utterly consume as dross. As soon as God proves them, and tests their faith, they waver, they stand feebly, swaying first one way, then the other. They have not the genuine article that Paul possessed, that could glory in tribulation because “tribulation worketh patience; and patience, experience; and experience, hope: and hope maketh not ashamed; because the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts.” They have a religion of circumstance. If all around them are strong in faith and courage in the ultimate success of the third angel’s message, and no special influence is brought to bear against them, they then appear to have some faith. But as soon as adversity seems to come upon the cause, and the work drags heavily, and the help of everyone is needed, these poor souls, though they may be professed ministers of the gospel, expect everything to come to nought. These hinder instead of helping.—Testimonies for the Church 2:514.?{PaM 38.2}[12]
§33
牧人灰心时，狼就会来吞吃羊——撒但会使出浑身解数使上帝积极的仆人灰心。牧人如果能被蒙骗而疏离自己的本分，就为狼群驱散和吞吃羊群扫清了道路。--ST1884.1.3{PaM 38.3}[13]
§34
When the shepherd becomes discouraged, wolves devour the sheep—Satan will work by any and every means which he can employ to discourage the active servants of God. If the shepherd can be beguiled from his duty, then the way is clear for wolves to scatter and devour the sheep.—The Signs of the Times, January 3, 1884.?{PaM 38.3}[13]
§35
传道人需要有稳定的经验，不可只在特别的场合发亮，然后就熄灭了--耶稣基督的传道人必须在教会中并向个人教导的事实是，自称的信仰，即使是安息日复临信徒所自称的信仰，若不发自衷心的虔诚，是无力为善的。宗教的亮光要从教会照耀出来，特别要以清晰稳定的光线从传道人照耀出来。它不可只在特别的场合爆发出来，然后就渐渐暗淡，闪烁，好像要熄灭了似的。--5T531.{PaM 39.1}[14]
§36
【Dependability】
§37
Ministers need a steady experience, not one that flames up on special occasions, then grows dim—The ministers of Jesus Christ must teach, both in the church and to individuals, the fact that a profession of faith, even by Seventh-day Adventists, unless it proceeds from heartfelt piety, is powerless for good. Religious light is to shine forth from the church, and especially from the ministers, in clear, steady rays. It is not to flame up on special occasions, and then grow dim, and flicker, as if about to go out.—Testimonies for the Church 5:531.?{PaM 39.1}[14]
§38
传道人若不可靠，其他的恩赐是无法弥补的——C弟兄能以一种使会众感兴趣的方式讲话，如果这就是使人成为一个成功的传道人的全部要素的话，按他们对他的估计，就有一班弟兄姐妹都是合适的人选了。但他并不是一个彻底的工人；他是不可靠的。--1T448.{PaM 39.2}[15]
§39
If a minister is not reliable, other gifts cannot make up for it—Brother C can speak in a manner to interest a congregation, and if this were all that is necessary to make a successful preacher, then a class of brethren and sisters would be right in their estimation of him. But he is not a thorough workman; he is not reliable.—Testimonies for the Church 1:448.?{PaM 39.2}[15]
§40
彰显基督而隐藏自我--你的危险始终是轻视劝勉，并且高看自己过于上帝所看的。有许多人随时准备奉承赞美能言善讲的传道人。年轻的传道人总是有受到宠爱和称赞以致受损的危险，其实他可能缺乏上帝要求每一个自称为祂代言人的人必须拥有的素质。你仅仅是进入了基督的门下。你工作的准备是一生的事，每日费力地与积习、爱好和遗传的倾向肉搏。需要不断的、恳切的、警醒的努力，才能看守和控制自我，彰显基督而隐藏自我。--4T376.{PaM 39.3}[16]
§41
【Humility】
§42
Keep Jesus prominent and self out of sight—Your danger will ever be in despising counsel and in placing a higher value on yourself than God places upon you. There are many who are always ready to flatter and praise a minister who can talk. A young minister is ever in danger of being petted and applauded to his own injury, while at the same time he may be deficient in the essentials which God requires of everyone who professes to be a mouthpiece for Him. You have merely entered the school of Christ. The fitting up for your work is a life business, a daily, laborious, hand-to-hand struggle with established habits, inclinations, and hereditary tendencies. It requires a constant, earnest, and vigilant effort to watch and control self, to keep Jesus prominent and self out of sight.—Testimonies for the Church 4:376.?{PaM 39.3}[16]
§43
需要花功夫学习正确牧养上帝的群羊——摩西花了多长时间学习谦和的教训而适足以成为领导以色列大军出埃及的将帅？他历经了漫长的训练。他在米甸地牧羊四十年之久，学习如何做群羊的好牧人。正是在牧人的岗位上，他蒙召去照顾软弱的，引导刚愎任性的，寻找迷路的。要成为以色列的领袖，这是对他的基本训练；因为在照顾上帝羊群的过程中，他蒙召要去怀抱软弱的，教导刚愎任性的，将迷路的带回羊圈。--ST1893.1.16{PaM 39.4}[17]
§44
It takes time to learn to properly shepherd God’s flock—How long did it take Moses to learn the lesson of meekness, and become fitted to be a general to lead the armies of Israel out of Egypt? He went through a long discipline. For forty years he tended sheep in the land of Midian, learning how to be a good shepherd to the flock. In his position of shepherd he was called upon to care for the weak, to guide the wayward, to seek for the wandering. This was an essential training for him who was to be the leader of Israel; for in the care of the flock of God he would be called upon to nourish the weak, to instruct the wayward, and to bring the lost one back to the fold.—The Signs of the Times, January 16, 1893.?{PaM 39.4}[17]
§45
【责任感】
§46
牧养、照管、作群羊的榜样——传道人和其他充任负责职位的人以及教会团体，需要这种谦卑痛悔的精神。使徒彼得写信给为福音辛劳的人说：“务要牧养在你们中间上帝的群羊，按着上帝旨意照管他们；不是出于勉强，乃是出于甘心；也不是因为贪财，乃是出于乐意；也不是辖制所托付你们的，乃是作群羊的榜样”（彼前5:2，3）。--RH1890.12.16{PaM 39.5}[18]
§47
【Responsibility】
§48
Feed, oversee, and be an example to your flock—The ministers of the Word, and others who fill responsible positions, as well as the body of the?church, need this spirit of humility and contrition. The apostle Peter writes to those who labor in the gospel: “Feed the flock of God which is among you, taking the oversight thereof, not by constraint, but willingly; not for filthy lucre, but of a ready mind; neither as being lords over God’s heritage, but being ensamples to the flock.”—The Review and Herald, December 16, 1890.?{PaM 39.5}[18]
§49
讲道和探访——传道人的工作没有哪一部分是可以忽略的。他务要传道，而不是传人的观点。他应当作个人之工，探访他们的家庭，不只是谈论司空见惯的事情，而要谈论与永恒福利有关之事，与他们一同祈祷，以淳朴的方式将上帝的真理教导他们。--RH1891.6.30{PaM 40.1}[19]
§50
Preach the Word, and visit the people—No part of the minister’s duty is to be neglected. He is to preach the Word, not the opinions of men. He is to labor with individuals, to visit families, not simply to talk of the commonplace happenings, but of things of eternal interest, praying with them, and teaching in all simplicity the truth of God.—The Review and Herald, June 30, 1891.?{PaM 40.1}[19]
§51
安排每一个信徒有事情可做——七星所代表的传道人的工作是一项崇高神圣的工作。他若认为自己的工作只是讲道，就会忽略交给群羊之牧者的工作。他的工作是看护照管羊群，安排教会的每一成员有事可做。--RH1887.5.31{PaM 40.2}[20]
§52
Arrange for each member to have something to do—The work of the minister represented by the seven stars is a high and sacred work. When he entertains the idea that his work is comprehended in sermonizing, he overlooks, and is sure to neglect, the work devolving upon a shepherd of the flock. It is his work to have care, to oversee the flock, to so arrange the elements of the church that each may have something to do.—The Review and Herald, May 31, 1887.?{PaM 40.2}[20]