第07章 路德在议会前
§1
第七章 路德在议会前
§2
Chapter 7—Luther Before the Diet
§3
德皇查理五世即位，罗马的使臣急忙前来道贺，并劝诱皇帝用他的权力来镇压宗教改革运动。在另一方面，撒克逊选侯利用查理因获得皇位而对他的感激，便请求查理在审问路德之前，不要采取任何干涉他的行动。德皇因此便感到烦恼，进退两难。他若不定路德的死罪，罗马教徒们是绝不会满意的。但撒克逊选侯曾坚决地声明：“皇上或任何别人都还没有向他证明路德的著作已被推翻了”；因此，他请求“德皇发护照给路德博士，使他可以在博学、敬虔和公正的法官所组成的审判厅上为自己辩护”。{4SP 119.1}
§4
A new emperor, Charles the Fifth, had ascended the throne of Germany, and the emissaries of Rome hastened to present their congratulations, and induce the monarch to employ his power against the Reformation. On the other hand, the Elector of Saxony, to whom Charles was in great degree indebted for his crown, entreated him to take no step against Luther until he should have granted him a hearing. The emperor was thus placed in a position of great perplexity and embarrassment. The papists would be satisfied with nothing short of an imperial edict sentencing Luther to death. The elector had declared firmly that neither his imperial majesty nor any one else had yet made it appear to him that the Reformer’s writings had been refuted; therefore he requested that Doctor Luther be furnished with a safe-conduct, so that he might answer for himself before a tribunal of learned, pious, and impartial judges. {4SP 119.1}
§5
查理即位不久，便决定在俄姆斯召开德国的议会。这件事引起了各派人士的注意。在这次国家议会上将要讨论重大的政治问题；但是与威丁堡那个修道士的问题相比，这一切都显得微不足道了。{4SP 119.2}
§6
The attention of all parties was now directed to the assembly of the German States which convened at Worms soon after the accession of Charles to the empire. There were important political questions and interests to be considered by this national council; but these appeared of little moment when contrasted with the cause of the monk of Wittemberg. {4SP 119.2}
§7
查理曾预先指示撒克逊的选侯把路德带来赴会；他也保证他的安全，并应许他可以和权威人士在所争论的问题上进行自由讨论。路德也急愿谒见皇帝。虽然当时他的健康欠佳，但他在信中向选侯表示：“我现在还在病中。若是我的健康不能恢复，以致不能胜任到俄姆斯去，我也一定要请人把我抬去。因为皇帝既已召我，我深信这就是上帝的呼召。倘若他们要用武力对付我──这是很可能的，因为他们此次要我出面，决非要向我领教，──我只有把这件事交托在主的手中。那在古时拯救火窑中三位以色列青年的上帝如今依然活着，并且掌管万有。如果祂的旨意不是要救我脱险的话，我的性命也算不得什么。我们只要注意不让福音受到恶人的侮蔑；我们务必为捍卫福音流出我们的热血，以免恶人得胜。我或生或死，哪一样对众人的得救有最大的贡献，不由我来决定。……你要我做什么都可以。……不过要我逃走或反悔是不能的。逃避，我不能；反悔，我更不能”。{4SP 120.1}
§8
Charles had previously directed the elector to bring Luther with him to the Diet, assuring him that the Reformer should be protected from all violence, and should be allowed a free conference with one competent to discuss the disputed points. Luther was anxious to appear before the emperor. His health was at this time much impaired; yet he wrote to the elector: “If I cannot perform the journey to Worms in good health, I will be carried there, sick as I am. For, since the emperor has summoned me, I cannot doubt that it is the call of God himself. If they intend to use violence against me, as they probably do, for assuredly it is with no view of gaining information that they require me to appear before them, I place the matter in the Lord’s hands. He still lives and reigns who preserved the three Israelites in the fiery furnace. If it be not his will to save me, my life is of little consequence. Let us only take care that the gospel be not exposed to the scorn of the ungodly, and let us shed our blood in its defense rather than allow them to triumph. Who shall say whether my life or my death would contribute most to the salvation of my brethren?” “Expect anything from me but flight or recantation. Fly I cannot; still less can I recant.” {4SP 120.1}
§9
当路德要来出席议会的消息在俄姆斯传开时，这消息就引起了普遍的兴奋。受命负责处理这个案件的教皇使节亚利安德非常震惊忿怒。他看出这事的结果将对教皇大为不利。因为皇帝若再行审问教皇所已判决的罪案，那就是对教皇至尊权威的一种蔑视。再者，他惟恐路德的口才和有力的辩证，可能使许多诸侯不再支持教皇。因此，他极为迫切地向查理抗议，反对路德到俄姆斯来。在他软硬兼施、威逼利诱之下，皇帝终于屈服了。他便写信给撒克逊的选侯说，路德若不反悔，就必须留在威丁堡。{4SP 120.2}
§10
As the news was circulated at Worms that Luther was to appear before the Diet, a general excitement was created. Aleander, the papal legate to whom his case had been specially intrusted, was alarmed and enraged. He saw that the result would be disastrous to the papal cause. To institute inquiry into a case in which the pope had already pronounced sentence of condemnation, would be to cast contempt upon the authority of the sovereign pontiff. Furthermore, he was apprehensive that the eloquent and powerful arguments of this man might turn away many of the princes from the cause of the pope. He therefore, in the most urgent manner, remonstrated with Charles against Luther’s appearance at Worms. He warned, entreated, and threatened, until the emperor yielded, and wrote to the elector that if Luther would not retract, he must remain at Wittemberg. {4SP 120.2}
§11
亚利安德并不满足于这一次的胜利。他使尽所有的权力和伎俩促使大会定路德的罪。他小题大作地催促诸侯、教长和其他到会的人注意这事。他控诉路德犯了“煽动、叛教、不敬虔和亵渎的罪。”但他所表现的这种激烈忿怒的态度，清楚地显明他的动机并非由于对宗教的热忱，而是出于仇恨和报复的心。议会的大多数人都认为路德是无辜的。{4SP 121.1}
§12
Not content with this victory, Aleander labored with all the power and cunning at his command to secure Luther’s condemnation. With a persistence worthy of a better cause, he urged the matter upon the attention of princes, prelates, and other members of the assembly, accusing the Reformer of sedition, rebellion, impiety, and blasphemy. But the vehemence and passion manifested by the legate plainly revealed that he was actuated by hatred and revenge rather than by zeal for religion. It was the prevailing sentiment of the assembly that Luther was innocent. {4SP 121.1}
§13
亚利安德有加倍的热忱催促皇帝要尽力执行教皇的命令。结果，皇帝终于因亚利安德的恳求不已而让他向议会陈述他的意见。就本身的素质和所受的教育而言，他是罗马教最好的辩士。那些同情改革家的人带着疑惧的心情，惟恐亚利安德的演说将要发生影响。{4SP 121.2}
§14
With redoubled zeal, Aleander urged upon the emperor the duty of executing the papal edicts. Overcome at last by this importunity, Charles bade the legate present his case to the Diet. Rome had few advocates better fitted, by nature and education, to defend her cause. The friends of the Reformer looked forward with some anxiety to the result of Aleander’s speech. {4SP 121.2}
§15
这位使节威风凛凛地出现在国家的议会前，引起了不小的轰动。许多人回想起我们救主受审的场面。亚那和该亚法曾在彼拉多的审判席前要求处死耶稣，“说祂是诱惑百姓的”（路23:14）。{4SP 121.3}
§16
There was no little excitement when the legate, with great dignity and pomp, appeared before the national assembly. Many called to mind the scene of our Saviour’s trial, when Annas and Caiaphas, before the judgment-seat of Pilate, demanded the death of him “that perverted the people.” {4SP 121.3}
§17
亚利安德尽他学识和口才的能力去推翻真理。他提出一个又一个罪状，指控路德为教会和国家，死人和活人，修道士和平民，议会和平信徒的公敌。他声称：“路德一人所传的谬论已足使十万个叛教徒被处火刑。” {4SP 122.1}
§18
With all the power of learning and eloquence, Aleander set himself to overthrow the truth. Charge after charge he hurled against Luther as an enemy of the Church and the State, the living and the dead, clergy and laity, councils and private Christians. “There is enough in the errors of Luther,” he declared, “to warrant the burning of a hundred thousand heretics.” {4SP 122.1}
§19
最后，他竭力对那些接受改革信仰的人进行侮蔑：“这些路德派的人是些什么东西？━━一群傲慢的文学家，腐化的修道士，放荡的僧侣们，无知的律法师和堕落的贵族，以及他们所误导所诱惑的平民。我们罗马教会无论在人数，才能和权势方面，都是何等的优越！这个显赫的大会若能一致通过一个法令，就必能使愚昧的人明白真理，卤莽的人受到警告，动摇的人站稳立场，懦弱的人得到力量”。{4SP 122.2}
§20
In conclusion, he endeavored to cast contempt upon the adherents of the reformed faith: “What are all these Lutherans?—A motley rabble of insolent grammarians, corrupt priests, dissolute monks, ignorant lawyers, and degraded nobles, with the common people whom they have misled and perverted. How greatly superior is the Catholic party in numbers, intelligence, and power! A unanimous decree from this illustrious assembly will open the eyes of the simple, show the unwary their danger, determine the wavering, and strengthen the weak-hearted.” {4SP 122.2}
§21
历代提倡真理的人一向是被这种武器所攻击的。在今天，人还是用这同样的论据来攻击讲解圣经中清楚直率的教训而反对谬论的人。那些喜爱世俗化的宗教人士大声说：“这些传新道理的是些什么人？他们是不学无术的少数穷人。他们还自称握有真理，为上帝的选民。他们是无知而受骗的。而我们的教会无论在人数或势力方面都是何等的优越！在我们中间有多少伟大而有学问的人！在我们一边的权势又是何等的大！”这样的说法在属世的人听来是很有力的；可是它依然是不能成立的，正如在改革家路德的日子一样。{4SP 122.3}
§22
With such weapons have the advocates of truth in every age been attacked. The same arguments are still urged against all who dare to present, in opposition to established errors, the plain and direct teachings of God’s word. “Who are these preachers of new doctrines?” exclaim those who desire a popular religion. “They are unlearned, few in numbers, and of the poorer class. Yet they claim to have the truth, and to be the chosen people of God. They are ignorant and deceived. How greatly superior in numbers and influence are our denominations! How many great and learned men are in our churches! How much more power is on our side!” These are the arguments that have a telling influence upon the world; but they are no more conclusive now than in the days of the Reformer. {4SP 122.3}
§23
宗教改革运动并没有像许多人所想像的一样，随路德的逝世而终止。改革运动必要继续发展，直到世界历史的末页。路德固然有一番伟大的工作要做──就是把上帝所赐给他的光反照给世人；然而他并没有得到所要赐给世界的全部真光。从那时到现今，有新的亮光继续照在圣经上，有新的真理不断启示给人。{4SP 123.1}
§24
The Reformation did not, as many suppose, end with Luther. It is to be continued to the close of this world’s history. Luther had a great work to do in reflecting to others the light which God had permitted to shine upon him; yet he did not receive all the light which was to be given to the world. From that time to this, new light has been continually shining upon the Scriptures, and new truths have been constantly unfolding. {4SP 123.1}
§25
教皇使节的演说给议会一个深刻的印象。当时没有路德在场用圣经中清晰而折服人心的真理去驳倒这个教皇的发言人。当时也没有人为路德作任何辩护。大会倒有一个普遍的趋势，要从帝国根本铲除路德教这个“异端”。罗马教廷已经得到一个最有利的机会为自己辩护。她最好的辩士已经发言。她所能用来为自己争辩的话都已经说尽了。但这个表面上的胜利乃是失败的征兆。从此以后，当真理与谬论公开作战的时候，此二者之间的对照将要越发明显。从那一天起，罗马教廷就要失去她先前稳固的地位了。{4SP 123.2}
§26
The legate’s address made a deep impression upon the Diet. There was no Luther present, with the clear and convincing truths of God’s word, to vanquish the papal champion. No attempt was made to defend the Reformer. There was manifest a general impulse to root out the Lutheran heresy from the empire. Rome had enjoyed the most favorable opportunity to defend her cause. The greatest of her orators had spoken. All that she could say in her own vindication had been said. But the apparent victory was the signal of defeat. Henceforth the contrast between truth and error would be more clearly seen, as they should take the field in open warfare. Never from that day would Rome stand as secure as she had stood. {4SP 123.2}
§27
议会中的大多数议员固然都毫不犹豫地准备把路德交给罗马教廷去任意惩处，但也有许多人看出了教会内部所存在着的腐败而大不以为然，并希望制止教会当局的腐化与贪财所造成的种种弊端，因为这些弊端危害德国人民不浅。教皇使节方才对教皇的“仁政”作了最有利的叙述。而正在此时，主的灵感动了议会中的一个议员，将教皇专制的恶影响暴露无遗。一位撒克逊的公爵乔治带着高尚而坚决的态度在这个贵族所组成的大会上站了起来。他非常准确地逐一列举了教皇的种种欺诈和令人憎恶的事，以及其悲惨的结果。他最后说道：{4SP 123.3}
§28
The majority of the assembly were ready to sacrifice Luther to the demands of the pope; but many of them saw and deplored the existing depravity in the church, and desired a suppression of the abuses suffered by the German people in consequence of Rome’s corruption and greed of gain. The legate had presented the papal rule in the most favorable light. Now the Lord moved upon a member of the Diet to give a true delineation of the effects of papal tyranny. With noble firmness, Duke George of Saxony stood up in that princely assembly, and specified with terrible exactness the deceptions and abominations of popery, and their dire results. In closing he said:— {4SP 123.3}
§29
“以上所叙述的，只不过是罗马教廷的许多弊端中几件罪恶昭彰的事实。她毫无羞耻地只知道一个目的就是钱！钱！钱！以致连那些本应宣扬真理的人也变得满口谎言，何况这些行为不仅为教廷当局所默许，而还要予以奖励──因为他们的谎言说得越夸大，所得的酬报也越丰厚。从这个肮脏的源头，流出了许许多多污浊的祸水。淫佚和贪婪携手并进。……哀哉，那使许多可怜的生灵陷入永久沉沦的，就是这些神父们的罪行。所以我们非进行一番彻底的改革不可”。{4SP 124.1}
§30
“These are but a few of the abuses which cry out against Rome for redress. All shame is laid aside, and one object alone incessantly pursued: money! evermore money! so that the very men whose duty it is to teach the truth, utter nothing but falsehoods, and are not only tolerated but rewarded; because the greater their lies, the greater are their gains. This is the foul source from which so many corrupt streams flow out on every side. Profligacy and avarice go hand in hand. Alas! it is the scandal caused by the clergy that plunges so many poor souls into everlasting perdition. A thorough reform must be effected.” {4SP 124.1}
§31
象这样对罗马教廷之弊端的有力的谴责，就是路德本人也不能做得更好；又因这位发言人是改革家路德的坚决敌人，他的话也就更有力量。{4SP 124.2}
§32
A more able and forcible denunciation of the papal abuses could not have been made by Luther himself; and the fact that the speaker was a determined enemy of the Reformer, gave greater influence to his words. {4SP 124.2}
§33
如果大会的议员能以看见的话，他们就必看到上帝的使者在他们中间，发出亮光驱散谬道的黑影，并启发人的思想与心灵来接受真理。真理和智慧之上帝的大能甚至控制了那些反对宗教改革运动的人，并为那将要完成的伟大工作预备了道路。路德马丁虽没有出席大会，但那比路德更大的主已经向大会发言了。{4SP 124.3}
§34
Had the eyes of the assembly been opened, they would have beheld angels of God in the midst of them, shedding beams of light athwart the darkness of error, and opening minds and hearts to the reception of truth. It was the power of the God of truth and wisdom that controlled even the adversaries of the Reformation, and thus prepared the way for the great work about to be accomplished. Martin Luther was not present; but the voice of One greater than Luther had been heard in that assembly. {4SP 124.3}
§35
这时议会要求准改革家路德出席议会。虽然亚利安德一再请求，抗议并威胁，皇帝至终还是同意了大会的要求，传令叫路德出席议会。随同传票，他还发出一张护照，保证路德可以回到安全的地点。这些都由传令官送往威丁堡，这官同时受命将路德带到俄姆斯来。{4SP 125.1}
§36
The council now demanded the Reformer’s appearance before them. Notwithstanding the entreaties, protests, and threats of Aleander, the emperor at last consented, and Luther was summoned to appear before the Diet. With the summons was issued a safe-conduct, insuring his return to a place of security. These were borne to Wittemberg by a herald, who was commissioned to conduct him to Worms. {4SP 125.1}
§37
路德的朋友们都惊恐张皇起来了。他们深知罗马教廷对路德的成见和恶意，所以惟恐皇帝所发的护照不为人所尊重，他们遂恳请路德不要冒性命的危险。他回答说：“这些罗马教徒们不要我到俄姆斯去，只要将我定罪而处死。但这毫无关系。你们不要为我祈祷，但要为上帝的道而祈祷。……基督将要把祂的灵赐给我去战胜这些邪道的使者。只要我存活一天，我就要鄙视他们一天；我一定能藉着我的死胜过他们。他们在俄姆斯急急的准备着要我反悔。那么我的反悔就是这样：从前我曾说过教皇是基督的代表；现在我要说他是主的敌人，是魔鬼的使徒”。 {4SP 125.2}
§38
The friends of Luther were terrified and distressed. Knowing the prejudice and enmity against him, they feared that even his safe-conduct would not be respected, and they entreated him not to imperil his life. He replied: “The papists have little desire to see me at Worms, but they long for my condemnation and death. It matters not. Pray not for me, but for the word of God.... Christ will give me his Spirit to overcome these ministers of Satan. I despise them while I live; I will triumph over them by my death. They are busy at Worms about compelling me to recant. My recantation shall be this: I said formerly that the pope was Christ’s vicar; now I say that he is the adversary of the Lord, and the apostle of the devil.” {4SP 125.2}
§39
路德没有独自行走这危险的旅途，除了皇帝的使臣以外，还有他的三位最忠实的朋友决心陪他前往。一群热爱福音的学生和市民含泪与路德辞别。这位改革家和他的同伴们就此从威丁堡出发了。{4SP 125.3}
§40
Luther was not to make his perilous journey alone. Besides the imperial messenger, three of his firmest friends determined to accompany him. A multitude of students and citizens, to whom the gospel was precious, bade him farewell with weeping, as he departed. Thus the Reformer and his companions set out from Wittemberg. {4SP 125.3}
§41
在旅途中，他们看出群众的心被不祥的预感所慑。在几个市镇里，他们并没有受到什么款待。当他们在某处过夜的时候，有一位同情路德的修道士为了表示他对路德的担心，就在他面前举起一幅已经为真理殉难的意大利改革家的遗像。第二天，他们又听说路德的著作已在俄姆斯被禁止了。皇帝的使者正在宣布着他的通令，号召人民把被禁止的著作一律送交官府。这时传令官很担心，就问路德是否还要继续前进。他回答说：“即使我在每一个城市里都被置于禁令之下，我仍要继续前进”。 {4SP 126.1}
§42
On the journey they saw that the minds of the people were oppressed by gloomy forebodings. At some towns no honors were proffered them. As they stopped for the night, a friendly priest expressed his fears by holding up before Luther the portrait of an Italian reformer who had suffered martyrdom for the truth’s sake. The next day they learned that Luther’s writings had been condemned at Worms. Imperial messengers were proclaiming the emperor’s decree, and urging all men to bring the proscribed works to the magistrates. The herald, in alarm, asked the Reformer if he still wished to go forward. He answered, “I will go on, though I should be put under interdict in every town.” {4SP 126.1}
§43
在艾尔福特市，路德受到了欢迎。当他经过街道时，有许多钦佩他的群众包围他。这些街道是他从前常常带着乞丐的行囊周游过的。有人请他讲道。原来他是被禁止讲道的，但传令官却准许他。于是这个曾在该修道院看门扫地的僧侣，现在竟登上了讲坛。众人听得出神了。有生命之粮分给这些饥饿的心灵。基督在众人面前被高举，超过一切教皇，教皇的使臣，皇帝和君王之上。关于路德自己危险的处境，他始终只字不提。他不求自己成为别人思想和同情的目标。他既然沉思并仰望基督，就看不见自己了。他把自己隐藏在那髑髅地的基督后面，只求彰显耶稣为罪人的救赎主。{4SP 126.2}
§44
At Erfurth, Luther was received with honor. Surrounded by admiring crowds, he entered the city where, in his earlier years, he had often begged a morsel of bread. He was urged to preach. This he had been forbidden to do; but the herald gave his consent, and the monk whose duty it once was to unclose the gates and sweep the aisles, now ascended the pulpit, while the people listened to his words as if spell-bound. The bread of life was broken to those starving souls. Christ was lifted up before them as above popes, legates, emperors, and kings. Luther made no reference to his own perilous position. He did not seek to make himself the object of thought or sympathy. In the contemplation of Christ, he had lost sight of self. He hid behind the Man of Calvary, seeking only to present Jesus as the sinner’s Redeemer. {4SP 126.2}
§45
这位改革家路德继续前行的时候，各地的人都对他表示深切的兴趣。到处有热心的群众拥挤在他周围；许多亲切的声音警告他注意罗马教廷的阴谋。他们说：“他们要把你活活地烧死，把你的身体烧成灰烬，象胡斯约翰一样。”路德回答说：“纵使他们从俄姆斯到威丁堡沿路都点起火来，甚至火焰冲天，我还要奉主的名走过这火焰，勇往前进，站在他们面前；我要进入这个猛兽的口中，打断他的牙齿，承认主耶稣基督”。 {4SP 127.1}
§46
As the Reformer proceeded on his journey, he was everywhere regarded with great interest. An eager multitude thronged about him; and friendly voices warned him of the purpose of the Romanists. “You will be burned alive,” said they, “and your body reduced to ashes, as was that of John Huss.” Luther answered, “Though they should kindle a fire all the way from Worms to Wittemberg, whose flames should rise up to heaven, I would go through it in the name of the Lord, and stand before them; I would enter the jaws of this behemoth, and break his teeth, confessing the Lord Jesus Christ.” {4SP 127.1}
§47
路德临近俄姆斯的消息引起了巨大的骚动。他的朋友为他的安全而颤抖；他的敌人也为自己的成败而担心。他们尽力设法劝阻他不要进城。在罗马教徒的布置之下，他们劝他往一位友好骑士的城堡里去避难。据他们说，在那里一切困难都可以和平解决。朋友们为要激起他的恐惧起见，也竭力强调一些威胁着他的危险。但他们一切的努力都要失效了。路德依然毫不动摇，说：“即使俄姆斯的魔鬼有如屋上的瓦片那么多，我也要进去”。{4SP 127.2}
§48
The news of his approach to Worms created great commotion. His friends trembled for his safety; his enemies feared for the success of their cause. Strenuous efforts were made to dissuade him from entering the city. The papists urged him to repair to the castle of a friendly knight, where, they declared, all difficulties could be amicably adjusted. The advocates of truth endeavored to excite his fears by describing the dangers that threatened him. All their efforts failed. Luther, still unshaken, declared, “Though there should be as many devils at Worms as there are tiles on its roofs, I would enter.” {4SP 127.2}
§49
他一到俄姆斯，就有广大的群众齐集在城门口欢迎他。即使皇帝进城时，也没有这么多的群众集合来迎接。当时的情绪极为高涨；群众中有人用震颤而悲哀的声音唱出一支送葬的哀歌，警告路德那等待着他的是怎样的厄运。当路德从马车上下来的时候，他说：“上帝必要作我的保障。” {4SP 127.3}
§50
Upon his arrival at Worms, the crowd that flocked to the gates to welcome him was even greater than at the public entry of the emperor himself. The excitement was intense, and from the midst of the throng a shrill and plaintive voice chanted a funeral dirge, as a warning to Luther of the fate that awaited him. “God will be my defense,” said he, as he alighted from his carriage. {4SP 127.3}
§51
皇帝立刻招集他的议员，商讨应该对路德采取什么方针。有一个主教是一个严格的罗马教徒，说：“我们对于这件事已经考虑了很久了。愿皇上立即除灭这个人。西基斯孟岂不是把胡斯约翰处了火刑吗？我们对一个叛教者并没有义务给他护照，或尊重他的护照。皇帝说：“不是这样的，我们必须遵守我们的诺言”。于是决定要这位改革家在议会上接受审问。{4SP 127.4}
§52
The emperor immediately convoked his council to consider what course should be pursued toward Luther. One of the bishops, a rigid papist, declared: “We have long consulted on this matter. Let your majesty get rid of this man at once. Did not Sigismund bring John Huss to the stake? We are under no obligation either to give or to observe the safe-conduct of a heretic.” “Not so,” said the emperor; “we must keep our promise.” It was therefore decided that the Reformer should be heard. {4SP 127.4}
§53
全城的人都急切地要来看这个非常的人物。所以路德仅仅休息了几个小时，就有贵族，骑士，修道士和公民们热切地围绕在他周围。甚至他的敌人也注意到他坚定勇敢的态度，仁慈喜乐的表情。他的话严肃高尚深切诚恳，给了他一种不可抗拒的能力。有些人深信有上帝的能力在他身上；另一些人却说：“他身上有鬼附着，”正如古时法利赛人论到基督时所说的。{4SP 128.1}
§54
All the city were eager to see this remarkable man, and he had enjoyed but a few hours’ rest when noblemen, knights, priests, and citizens gathered about him. Even his enemies marked his firm, courageous bearing, the kindly and joyous expression upon his countenance, and the solemn elevation and deep earnestness that gave to his words an irresistible power. Some were convinced that a divine influence attended him; others declared, as had the Pharisees concerning Christ, “He hath a devil.” {4SP 128.1}
§55
次日，路德被传去参赴议会。有皇帝派来的一位官员把他带进大会会所；然而他走到这个地点也是不容易的。每一条路上都挤满了观众，热切地要看这一位胆敢抗拒教皇权威的修道士。{4SP 128.2}
§56
On the following day, Luther was summoned to attend the Diet. An imperial officer was appointed to conduct him to the hall of audience; yet it was with difficulty that he reached the place. Every avenue was crowded with spectators, eager to look upon the monk who had dared resist the authority of the pope. {4SP 128.2}
§57
当他将要到那些审判他的人面前时，一位年老的将官──身经百战的英雄──和蔼地对他说：“可怜的修道士！可怜的修道士！你将要经过一次艰苦的斗争，象这样的斗争，连我或是别的许多将官们，就是在我们最血腥的战斗中也是从来没有经历过的。但如果你的事是正义的，并且你确知它是正义的，你尽管奉上帝的名前进，什么也不要惧怕！上帝决不会丢弃你”。{4SP 128.3}
§58
As he was about to enter the presence of his judges, an old general, the hero of many battles, said to him kindly, “Poor monk! poor monk! thou art now going to make a nobler stand than I, or any other captains, have ever made in our most bloody battles. But if thy cause is just, and thou art sure of it, go forward in God’s name, and fear nothing! He will not forsake thee.” {4SP 128.3}
§59
最后，路德站在大会面前了。皇帝坐在御座上。帝国中的显赫人物都在他的周围。从来没有人出席过比马丁路德这一次必须为自己的信仰作辩护的大会更庄严的会场。{4SP 129.1}
§60
At length Luther stood before the council. The emperor occupied the throne. He was surrounded by the most illustrious personages in the empire. Never had any man appeared in the presence of a more imposing assembly than that before which Martin Luther was to answer for his faith. {4SP 129.1}
§61
他出场的事实乃是真理的一次显著胜利。一个已经被教皇定罪的人居然要接受另一个法庭的审判，实际上就是否定了教皇的最高权威。教皇早已将这位改革家置于禁令之下，并且断绝他的一切社会的关系；如今他却获得安全的保证，得以在国家的最高官员面前申辩。罗马早已禁止他开口，而现在他倒要当着数千来自基督教世界各地的听众演讲了。{4SP 129.2}
§62
The very fact of that appearance was a signal victory for the truth. That a man whom the pope had condemned should be judged by another tribunal, was virtually a denial of the pontiff’s supreme authority. The Reformer, placed under ban, and denounced from human fellowship by the pope, had been assured protection, and was granted a hearing, by the highest dignitaries of the nation. Rome had commanded him to be silent; but he was about to speak in the presence of thousands from all parts of Christendom. {4SP 129.2}
§63
在这个有权力而尊贵的大会面前，这位出身低微的改革家似乎胆怯而困窘了。有几个诸侯注意到他的情绪，就挨近他，有一位轻轻的向他说：“那杀身体不能杀灵魂的，不要怕他们”（太10:28）。另一位说：“你们要为我的缘故，被送到诸侯君王面前，你们父的灵必要将当说的话赐给你们”（太28:18-20）。这样，基督的话就从世上的伟人口中说出来，在试炼临到的时候加强祂仆人的力量。{4SP 129.3}
§64
In the presence of that powerful and titled assembly, the lowly-born Reformer seemed awed and embarrassed. Several of the princes, observing his emotion, approached him, and one of them whispered, “Fear not them which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul.” Another said, “When ye shall be brought before governors and kings for my sake, it shall be given you, by the Spirit of your Father, what ye shall say.” Thus the words of Christ were brought by the world’s great men to strengthen his servant in the hour of trial. {4SP 129.3}
§65
路德被带到指定的地位，正面对着皇帝的御座。深沉的寂静临到了这个拥挤的大会。随后皇帝的一位大臣站起来，手指着一堆路德的著作，要他答复两个问题，──他是否承认这些著作是他写的，并是否打算撤回他在那些著作中所发表的意见。路德就回答说，关于第一个问题，他承认这些著作是他写的。“至于第二个问题，”他说：“我看这个问题是有关信仰，灵魂得救，和上帝的道──就是天上地下最伟大，最珍贵的财宝，我若不加思索而贸然回答，未免卤莽失当。惟恐我所讲的不能满足环境的要求，或者超过真理的要求；这样我就违犯基督所说的：‘凡在人面前不认我的，我在我天上的父面前，也必不认他’（太10:33）。因为这个缘故，我谦卑地恳求皇上，赐我充足的时间加以思考，使我的答复不致触犯上帝的道”。{4SP 129.4}
§66
Luther was conducted to a position directly in front of the emperor’s throne. A deep silence fell upon the crowded assembly. Then an imperial officer arose, and, pointing to a collection of Luther’s writings, demanded that the Reformer answer two questions,—whether he acknowledged them as his, and whether he proposed to retract the opinions which he had therein advanced. Luther replied that as to the first question, he acknowledged the books to be his. “As to the second,” he said, “seeing it is a question which concerns faith, the salvation of souls, and the word of God, which is the greatest and most precious treasure either in Heaven or earth, it would be rash and perilous for me to reply without reflection. I might affirm less than the circumstances demand, or more than truth requires; in either case I should fall under the sentence of Christ: ‘Whosoever shall deny me before men, him will I also deny before the Father which is in Heaven.’ For this reason I entreat your imperial majesty, with all humility, to allow me time, that I may answer without offending against the word of God.” {4SP 130.4}
§67
路德提出这个请求，乃是智慧之举。他使大会看出他行事不是出于情感或冲动。他这样镇静和自制──在他这向来表现自己是勇敢而不肯妥协的一个人，是出乎意料之外的，并且增强了他的力量，使他此后在答复这个问题时，可以表现得慎重而果断，智慧而庄严，以致他的敌人都感到惊奇而失望，使他们的傲慢和自大受到斥责。{4SP 130.1}
§68
In making this request, Luther moved wisely. His course convinced the assembly that he did not act from passion or impulse. Such calmness and self-command, unexpected in one who had shown himself bold and uncompromising, added to his power, and enabled him afterward to answer with a prudence, decision, wisdom, and dignity, that surprised and disappointed his adversaries, and rebuked their insolence and pride. {4SP 130.1}
§69
第二天他必须出席陈述他最后的答复。有一个时候，当他想到那些集合起来反对真理的势力时，他就意志销沉了。他的信心动摇了；他的敌人似乎在他面前增多；黑暗的权势将要占优势了。有乌云笼罩着他，似乎把他和上帝隔开了。他渴望得着万军之主与他同在的保证。在心灵的痛苦中他仆倒了，面伏在地，期期艾艾地倾吐出忧伤的呼吁。这种呼吁只有上帝能完全了解。在他极软弱无力的时候，他的心灵紧紧地抓住基督，就是那位大能的拯救者。他如此和上帝较力，并非为他自身的安全，而是为了福音的胜利。他获得了胜利。他得到保证，上帝决不让他单独出席大会，这样他就得到了力量。他心里又重新有了平安，并因上帝让他在国家的领袖面前高举和捍卫祂的道而感到兴奋。全智的上帝让路德认识到自己的危险，使他不致依靠自己的力量和智慧，擅自进入险境。上帝正在为面前重大的工作而预备祂的仆人。{4SP 130.2}
§70
The next day he was to appear to render his second answer. For a time his heart sunk within him as he contemplated the forces that were combined against the truth. His faith faltered as his enemies seemed to multiply before him, and the powers of darkness to prevail. Clouds gathered about him, and seemed to separate him from God. He longed for the assurance that the Lord of hosts would be with him. In anguish of spirit he threw himself with his face upon the earth, and poured out those broken, heart-rending cries which none but God can fully understand. In his helplessness, his soul fastened upon Christ, the mighty deliverer. It was not for his own safety, but for the success of the truth, that he wrestled with God; and he prevailed. He was strengthened with the assurance that he would not appear alone before the council. Peace returned to his soul, and he rejoiced that he was permitted to uphold and defend the word of God before the rulers of the nation. An all-wise providence had permitted Luther to realize his peril, that he might not trust to his own strength and wisdom, and rush presumptuously into danger. God was preparing his servant for the great work before him. {4SP 130.2}
§71
路德出场的时候快要到了。他来到一张桌子前，桌上摆着一本圣经。他把左手放在圣经上，右手向天举起，宣誓：即使要用他的血来印证他的见证，他也要永久坚守福音，坦然承认他的信仰。{4SP 131.1}
§72
As the time for his appearance drew near, Luther approached a table on which lay the Holy Scriptures, placed his left hand upon the sacred volume, and, raising his right hand to Heaven, he vowed to adhere constantly to the gospel, and to confess his faith freely, even though he should be called to seal his testimony with his blood. {4SP 131.1}
§73
当他再被带进议会的时候，他面上没有一点畏惧和不安的表情。他很镇静温和，同时也勇敢而高贵地站在世上的伟人当中，俨然作为上帝的见证人。皇帝的大臣现在要他肯定地答复是否愿意撤回他所讲的道理。路德用一种缓和而谦卑的声调作了答复，既不激昂，又不急躁。他的举止谦恭有礼，同时也表现有信心和喜乐，使会众感到惊奇。{4SP 131.2}
§74
When he was again ushered into the presence of the Diet, his countenance bore no trace of fear or embarrassment. Calm and peaceful, yet grandly brave and noble, he stood as God’s witness among the great ones of the earth. The imperial officer now demanded his decision as to whether he desired to retract his doctrines. Luther made his answer in a subdued and humble tone, without violence or passion. His demeanor was diffident and respectful; yet he manifested a confidence and joy that surprised the assembly. {4SP 131.2}
§75
他随即论到他所出版的书籍种类不同。在有些书里面，他论到信心和善行，关于这些书，就是他的敌人也公认不但无害而且是有益的。如果撤回这些道理，就等于推翻众人所公认的真理。第二类书籍包括一些揭露罗马教的腐败和弊端的著作。撤回这些书籍，就等于加强罗马教庭的专横，暴行，并为许多重大的罪恶开了更大的门户。第三类书籍是攻击那些袒护流行罪恶的个别分子。关于这些，他坦白承认，他过去是太激烈而失当。他并不是说自己没有错误；但是连这些书籍他也不能撤回，如果撤回的话，将会使真理的敌人更为明目张胆，他们将要乘机以更大的残酷来压迫上帝的百姓了。{4SP 132.1}
§76
He stated that his published works were not all of the same character. In some he had treated of faith and good works, and even his enemies declared them not only harmless but profitable. To retract these would be to condemn truths which all parties confessed. The second class consisted of writings exposing the corruptions and abuses of the papacy. To revoke these works would strengthen the tyranny of Rome, and open a wider door to many and great impieties. In the third class of his books he had attacked individuals who had defended existing evils. Concerning these he freely confessed that he had been more violent than was becoming. He did not claim to be free from fault; but even these books he could not revoke, for such a course would embolden the enemies of truth, and they would then take occasion to crush God’s people with still greater cruelty. {4SP 132.1}
§77
他接着说：“但我不过是人，而不是上帝；所以我要为自己辩护，像基督所作的一样：‘我若说的不是，你可以指证那不是’（约18:23）……我凭着上帝的慈悲，恳求皇上或任何一位能做到的人要根据先知和使徒的著作证明我是错了。在我明白看出我的错误之后，我就必立刻撤回每一个错误，并愿首先把我的书丢在火里。我刚才所说的，表明我对于我可能遭受的危险已经加以深思熟虑；可是我非但不因这些危险而沮丧，反而大大喜乐，因为我看到今天的福音像古代一样，已经成为骚乱和争执的缘由。这就是上帝之道的特征与结果。基督说过：‘我来并不是叫地上太平，乃是叫地上动刀兵’（太10:34）。上帝的旨意是奇妙可畏的；我们务要谨慎，免得在试图止息争端时，反而攻击了上帝的圣道，以致招来可怕而难以解救的危险，祸患，和永久的灭亡。……我可以从上帝的教训中举出很多的例子；我可以讲到法老，巴比伦王，或以色列诸王，当他们采取一些似乎极为慎重的措施，以为能巩固自己的权力的时候，事实上他们正是在毁灭自己呢。上帝‘发怒，把山翻倒挪移，山并不知觉’（伯9:5）。{4SP 132.2}
§78
“But as I am a mere man, and not God,” he continued, “I will defend myself as did Christ, who said, ‘If I have spoken evil, bear witness of the evil.’ By the mercy of God, I implore your imperial majesty, or any one else who can, whoever he may be, to prove to me from the writings of the prophets that I am in error. As soon as I shall be convinced, I will instantly retract all my errors, and will be the first to cast my books into the fire. What I have just said, will show that I have considered and weighed the dangers to which I am exposing myself; but far from being dismayed by them, I rejoice exceedingly to see the gospel this day, as of old, a cause of trouble and dissension. This is the character, the destiny, of God’s word. Said Christ, ‘I came not to send peace, but a sword.’ God is wonderful and terrible in his counsels. Let us have a care lest in our endeavors to arrest discords we be found to fight against the holy word of God, and bring down upon our heads a frightful deluge of inextricable dangers, present disaster, and everlasting desolation.... I might cite examples drawn from the oracles of God. I might speak of Pharaohs, of kings of Babylon or of Israel, who were never more contributing to their own ruin than when, by measures in appearance most prudent, they thought to establish their authority. God ‘removeth the mountains, and they know not.’” {4SP 132.2}
§79
路德是用德语讲话的；他们现在叫路德用拉丁语重讲一遍。虽然他这时已经相当疲乏，但他还是答应了，他又新重讲了一番，像第一次一样的清楚，有力。这是出于上帝旨意的安排。许多诸侯的心眼被谬道和迷信所蒙蔽，未能在路德第一次演说时体会到他辩证的力量；但第二次的演说就使他们清楚地看出他所提出的论点。{4SP 133.1}
§80
Luther had spoken in German; he was now requested to repeat the same words in Latin. Though exhausted by the previous effort, he complied, and again delivered his speech, with the same clearness and energy as at the first. God’s providence directed in this matter. The minds of many of the princes were so blinded by error and superstition that at the first delivery they did not see the force of Luther’s reasoning; but the repetition enabled them clearly to perceive the points presented. {4SP 133.1}
§81
那些故意闭眼不看真光，并坚决不受真理感化的人，被路德讲话的能力激怒了。在他讲完之后，议会的代言人便怒气冲冲地说：“你还没有答复我们所发的问题。……你必须作一个清楚明确的答复。……你究竟撤回还是不撤回？” {4SP 133.2}
§82
Those who stubbornly closed their eyes to the light, and determined not to be convinced of the truth, were enraged at the power of Luther’s words. As he ceased speaking, the spokesman of the Diet said angrily, “You have not answered the question. A clear and express reply is demanded. Will you or will you not retract?” {4SP 133.2}
§83
改革家回答说：“最贤明的皇上和诸候既然要我作一个简明的答复，我的答复就是：我不能信仰教皇或是议会，因为他们常常犯错误，并且互相矛盾。若不是藉着圣经的明证，或清晰的推理使我信服，我就别无选择，只能坚持上帝的道，这道控制着我的良心。我就不能也不愿撤回这些著作。因为一个基督徒违背自己的良心是不妥当的。这就是我的立场，此外我别无主张；惟愿上帝帮助我，阿们”。{4SP 133.3}
§84
The Reformer answered: “Since your most serene majesty and the princes require a simple answer, I will give it thus: Unless I shall be convinced by proofs from Scripture or by evident reason (for I believe neither in popes nor in councils, since they have frequently erred and contradicted themselves), I cannot choose but adhere to the word of God, which has possession of my conscience. Nor can I possibly nor will I ever make any recantation, since it is neither safe nor honest to act contrary to conscience. Here I take my stand; I cannot do otherwise. God be my help! Amen.” {4SP 133.3}
§85
这个义人就这样地立在圣经的稳固根基上。有天上的光辉照耀在他脸上。当他指控谬道的权势，并证明那得胜世界的信心的优越性时，他向众人表现了他人格的伟大和纯洁，以及他内心的平安与喜乐。{4SP 134.1}
§86
Thus stood this righteous man, upon the sure foundation of the word of God. The light of Heaven illuminated his countenance. His greatness and purity of character, his peace and joy of heart, were manifest to all as he testified against the power of error, and witnessed to the superiority of that faith that overcomes the world. {4SP 134.1}
§87
会场一时惊讶无言。皇帝和许多诸侯都不胜钦佩。罗马教派已被打败了；他们的形势显得非常不利。他们每次企图维持自己的权势，总没有求助于圣经的真理，而是借助于威胁的手段。这就是罗马惯用的武器。议会的代言人说：“倘若你不撤回，皇帝和境内的各邦将要考虑怎样对付一个顽固不化的叛教徒。”{4SP 134.2}
§88
The whole assembly were for a time speechless with amazement. The emperor himself and many of the princes were struck with admiration. The partisans of Rome had been worsted; their cause appeared in a most unfavorable light. They sought to maintain their power, not by appealing to the Scriptures, but by a resort to threats, Rome’s unfailing argument. Said the spokesman of the Diet, “If you do not retract, the emperor and the States of the empire will proceed to consider how to deal with an obstinate heretic.” {4SP 134.2}
§89
路德的朋友们起先是非常喜乐地听着路德勇敢的辩护，现在听到这些话就颤抖了；但路德自己却沉着地说：“但愿我的上帝作我的帮助！因为我不能撤回什么”。{4SP 134.3}
§90
Luther’s friends, who had with great joy listened to his noble defense, trembled at these words; but the doctor himself said calmly, “May God be my helper! for I can retract nothing.” {4SP 134.3}
§91
路德坚如磐石，而世界上的权力所能发动最猛烈的风浪徒然向他袭击。他简明话语之中所含的力量，他那无畏的风度和沉着，富有表情的眼目，以及一言一行所表达的坚强意志在会众身上留下了深刻的印象。很明显的，无论是利诱或是威胁，都不能使他屈服于罗马的命令。{4SP 134.4}
§92
Firm as a rock he stood, while the fiercest billows of worldly power beat harmlessly against him. The simple energy of his words, his fearless bearing, his calm, speaking eye, and the unalterable determination expressed in every word and act, made a deep impression upon the assembly. It was evident that he could not be induced, either by promises or threats, to yield to the mandate of Rome. {4SP 134.4}
§93
罗马教的权势曾经使君王与贵族颤抖不已，而现在竟被一个卑微的修道士如此藐视，罗马教廷的领袖们就恼羞成怒。他们巴不得能用苦刑把他折磨至死，使他尝受他们的忿怒。路德明知自己的危险，但他在大会中说话，仍然表现一种基督化的庄严和沉着。他的话语里没有一点骄傲，感情的冲动或虚伪的作风。他竟忘记了自己和那些包围着他的大人物，只感觉到自己是站在那远远超过皇帝，君王，教皇和主教之上的圣者面前。藉着路德的见证，基督已经用大能和威严讲话，并一时令他的朋友和敌人都肃然起敬而大为惊奇。有上帝的灵临格在大会之中，感动全国首领们的心。有几位诸侯大胆承认路德的改革运动是正义的。许多人的心被真理所折服；但有一些人所受的感动只是暂时的。还有一些人虽然当时没有发表意见，但经过亲自考查圣经之后，再过一段时期就成了宗教改革运动无畏的拥护者。{4SP 135.1}
§94
The papist leaders were chagrined that their power, which had caused kings and nobles to tremble, should be thus despised by a humble monk; they longed to make him feel their wrath by torturing his life away. But Luther, understanding his danger, had spoken to all with Christian dignity and calmness. His words had been free from pride, passion, and misrepresentation. He lost sight of himself, and of the great men surrounding him, and felt only that he was in the presence of One infinitely superior to popes, prelates, kings, and emperors. Christ had spoken through Luther’s testimony with a power and grandeur that for the time inspired both friends and foes with awe and wonder. The Spirit of God had been present in that council, impressing the hearts of the chiefs of the empire. Several of the princes openly acknowledged the justice of Luther’s cause. Many were convinced of the truth; but with some the impressions received were not lasting. There was another class who did not at the time express their convictions, but who, having searched the Scriptures for themselves, at a future time declared with great boldness for the Reformation. {4SP 135.1}
§95
选侯腓特烈曾经热切地期待着路德出席议会。他现在深深感动地听着他的演说。他亲眼见到路德的勇敢，坚决和沉着，就深觉喜乐，并以作他的保护者为荣。他把敌对的双方比较一下，就看出教皇、君王和主教们的智慧在真理的能力之下已化为乌有。罗马教廷已遭受了一次失败，而其影响将要波及各代各国。{4SP 135.2}
§96
The elector Frederick had looked forward with anxiety to Luther’s appearance before the Diet, and with deep emotion he listened to his speech. He rejoiced at the doctor’s courage, firmness, and self-possession, and was proud of being his protector. He contrasted the parties in contest, and saw that the wisdom of popes, kings, and prelates had been brought to naught by the power of truth. The papacy had sustained a defeat which would be felt among all nations and in all ages. {4SP 135.2}
§97
当教皇的使节看到路德演说所产生的影响时，他就为罗马教廷的权势空前地惧怕起来；他决意要用一切办法来除灭这位改革家。他使尽了一切的口才和杰出的外交手腕，向这位年轻的皇帝说明，若是他在这一个无名的修道士的案件上牺牲了大有权势的罗马教廷的友谊和支持，乃是愚妄而危险的。{4SP 136.1}
§98
As the legate perceived the effect produced by Luther’s speech, he feared, as never before, for the security of the Romish power, and resolved to employ every means at his command to effect the Reformer’s overthrow. With all the eloquence and diplomatic skill for which he was so eminently distinguished, he represented to the youthful emperor the folly and danger of sacrificing, in the cause of an insignificant monk, the friendship and support of the powerful see of Rome. {4SP 136.1}
§99
他的话终于起了作用。在路德答复的第二天，查理五世便下谕旨给议会，宣布他决心要执行前任皇帝的政策，维持并保护罗马教。路德既然不肯放弃他谬道，就应当采取最严厉的手段来对付他和他所传的“异端”。虽然如此，皇帝宣布：必须尊重路德的护照，必须先让他平安到家，然后才可以采取措施制裁他。{4SP 136.2}
§100
His words were not without effect. On the day following Luther’s answer, Charles Fifth caused a message to be presented to the Diet, announcing his determination to carry out the policy of his predecessors to maintain and protect the Catholic religion. Since Luther had refused to renounce his errors, the most vigorous measures should be employed against him and the heresies he taught. Nevertheless, the safe-conduct granted him must be respected, and before proceedings against him could be instituted, he must be allowed to reach his home in safety. {4SP 136.2}
§101
国王写道：“我坚决主张步我祖先的后尘”。他已经决定不肯违犯旧规，甚至真理和公义也可置之不顾。因为他的祖先都是拥护罗马教廷的，所以他也要照样而行，连教廷的残酷和腐败他也要袒护。他就这样拿定了主意，凡他祖先所未曾接受过的亮光，他一概拒绝接受；凡他祖先所未曾履行过的责任，一概拒绝履行。{4SP 136.3}
§102
“I am firmly resolved to tread in the footsteps of my ancestors,” wrote the monarch. He had decided that he would not step out of the path of the custom, even to walk in the ways of truth and righteousness. Because his fathers did, he would uphold the papacy, with all its cruelty and corruption. Thus he took his position, refusing to accept any light in advance of what his fathers had received, or to perform any duty that they had not performed. {4SP 136.3}
§103
他似乎觉得，改变宗教的观点有损于国王的尊严。现代有许多人也同样地紧紧依照祖宗的习惯和遗传。当主赐给他们新的亮光时，他们就一概拒绝，因为他们的祖先既没有得到这些亮光，也就没有接受。殊不知我们的地位不同于我们祖先的地位；因此，我们的本分和责任也不同于他们的本分和责任。我们若依照我们祖先的榜样来决定自己的本分，而不去为自己查考真理的道，上帝是不悦纳的。我们的责任比我们的祖先更大。他们所接受的光，固然要传授给我们，也要我们负责遵循，但现在从上帝的道中所照在我们身上的新的亮光，也是要我们负责遵循的。{4SP 137.1}
§104
He seemed to feel that a change of religious views would be inconsistent with the dignity of a king. There are many at the present day thus clinging to the customs and traditions of their fathers. When the Lord sends them additional light, they refuse to accept it, because, not having been granted to their fathers, it was not received by them. We are not placed where our fathers were; consequently our duties and responsibilities are not the same as theirs. We shall not be approved of God in looking to the example of our fathers to determine our duty instead of searching the word of truth for ourselves. Our responsibility is greater than was that of our ancestors. We are accountable for the light which they received, and which was handed down as an inheritance for us, and we are accountable also for the additional light which is now shining upon us from the word of God. {4SP 137.1}
§105
基督曾论到那些不信的犹太人说：“我若没有来教训他们，他们就没有罪；但如今他们的罪无可推诿了”（约15:22）。如今藉着路德，这同一个神圣的权能已向德国的皇帝和诸侯讲话。而且当亮光从上帝的道中发出的时候，上帝的灵就最后一次向大会中的许多人发出恳劝。正像一千多年前，彼拉多容许骄傲和虚荣关闭了他的心门，而拒绝了世界的救赎主；又像那惶恐的腓力斯吩咐那位真理的使者说：“你暂且去吧，等我得便再叫你来”（徒24:25），又像那骄傲的亚基帕王承认说：“你这样劝我，几乎叫我作基督徒了”（徒26:28），照样，查理五世甘心接受了世俗的骄傲与政策的影响，而决心拒绝天赐的信息。{4SP 137.2}
§106
Said Christ of the unbelieving Jews, “If I had not come and spoken unto them, they had not had sin; but now they have no cloak for their sin.” [John 15:22] The same divine power had spoken through Luther to the emperor and princes of Germany. And as the light shone forth from God’s word, his Spirit pleaded for the last time with many in that assembly. As Pilate, centuries before, permitted pride and popularity to close his heart against the world’s Redeemer; as the trembling Felix bade the messenger of truth, “Go thy way for this time; when I have a convenient season I will call for thee;” as the proud Agrippa confessed, “Almost thou persuadest me to be a Christian,” yet turned away from the Heaven-sent message,—so had Charles Fifth, yielding to the dictates of worldly pride and policy, decided to reject the light of truth. {4SP 137.2}
§107
几个教皇的拥护者提出要求：不要尊重路德的护照。他们说：“莱因河要吞吃他的骨灰，正如一百年前吞吃约翰.胡斯的骨灰一样”。阴谋杀害路德的谣言普遍地传开了，随而引起全城的骚动。这位改革家已经结识了许多朋友。这些朋友深知罗马对于那些胆敢揭露她罪行的人所施阴险毒辣的手段，就决心不让路德牺牲在她手里。有数百名贵族立誓要保护他。有不少人公然抨击皇帝给大会的谕旨，认为这是表示他对罗马教廷统治权力的一种懦弱的屈服。在公共的场所和私人住宅的门上，贴了许多标语，有些是攻击路德的，有些是支持路德的。有一个门上仅仅写着一句意味深长的智者的话：“邦国啊，你的王若是孩童，……你就有祸了”（传10:16）。全国群众拥护路德的热潮高涨，使皇帝和议会都深深觉悟到，如果对路德有任何不公正的处置，势必危害帝国的安全，甚至危及皇座的稳定。{4SP 138.1}
§108
Several of the pope’s adherents demanded that Luther’s safe-conduct should not be respected. “The Rhine,” they said, “should receive his ashes, as it received those of John Huss a century ago.” Rumors of the designs against Luther were widely circulated, causing great excitement throughout the city. The Reformer had made many friends, who, knowing the treacherous cruelty of Rome toward all that dared expose her corruptions, resolved that he should not be sacrificed. Hundreds of nobles pledged themselves to protect him. Not a few openly denounced the royal message as evincing a weak submission to the controlling power of Rome. On the gates of houses and in public places, placards were posted, some condemning and others sustaining Luther. On one of them were written merely the significant words of the wise man, “Woe to thee, O land, when thy king is a child.” The popular enthusiasm in Luther’s favor throughout all Germany convinced both the emperor and the Diet that any injustice shown him would endanger the peace of the empire, and even the stability of the throne. {4SP 138.1}
§109
撒克逊的腓特烈胸有成竹地保持缄默，谨慎地隐瞒着他对这位改革家的真实想法，同时他殷切不倦地警惕着，留心注意路德和他敌人的一切行动。但有许多人并没有企图隐瞒自己对于路德的同情。诸侯，伯爵，男爵，以及社会上和宗教界的人物都来拜访他，看他好像是超人一等的人物。甚至那些不相信他教训的人，也不得不钦佩他那种宁愿殉身而不愿违背良心的高尚品质。{4SP 138.2}
§110
Frederick of Saxony maintained a studied reserve, carefully concealing his real feelings toward the Reformer, while at the same time he guarded him with tireless vigilance, watching all his movements and all those of his enemies. But there were many who made no attempt to conceal their sympathy. Princes, knights, gentlemen, ecclesiastics, and common people surrounded Luther’s lodgings, entering and gazing upon him as though he were more than human. Even those who believed him to be in error could not but admire that nobility of soul which led him to imperil his life rather than violate his conscience. {4SP 138.2}
§111
另有许多人竭力规劝路德和罗马教廷妥协。许多贵族和诸侯都向他说明，如果他坚持他的主张而不顾教廷和大会的意见，他不久将要被逐出国境，以后就没有保障了。对于这种劝告，路德回答说：“传基督的福音而不得罪人，是不可能的。……既然如此，我为什么要让惧怕危险的心使我和主那唯一真理的圣道隔绝呢？不！我宁愿牺牲我的身体，我的热血，和我的性命”。{4SP 139.1}
§112
Earnest efforts were made to obtain Luther’s consent to a compromise with Rome. Nobles and princes represented to him that if he persisted in setting up his own judgment against that of the church and the councils, he would soon be banished from the empire, and then would have no defense. To this appeal Luther answered: “It is impossible to preach the gospel of Christ without offense. Why, then, should the fear of danger separate me from the Lord and that divine word which alone is truth? No; I would rather give up my body, my blood, and my life.” {4SP 139.1}
§113
后来他们又力劝他服从皇帝的判断，那么，他就可以无所惧怕了。他回答说：“我完全同意让皇帝，诸侯，甚至最卑微的信徒来检查和判断我的著作；但只有一个条件，他们必须以上帝的道为他们的标准。人除了服从上帝的圣道以外，没有其他更大的义务。我的良心依赖这道，而我则顺从它的权威。” {4SP 139.2}
§114
Again he was urged to submit to the judgment of the emperor, and then he would have nothing to fear. “I consent,” said he in reply, “with all my heart, that the emperor, the princes, and even the humblest Christian, should examine and judge my writings; but on one condition, that they take God’s word for their guide. Men have nothing to do but render obedience to that. My conscience is in dependence upon that word, and I am the subject of its authority.” {4SP 139.2}
§115
他又回答另一个劝告说：“我同意放弃我的护照，听凭皇帝处理我个人的身体和我的性命；至于上帝的道——决不能！”他表示愿意接受大会的决议，但是唯一的条件，就是大会必须按照圣经来判决。他的朋友和敌人最后都感觉到，再进行和解也是无用的了。{4SP 139.3}
§116
To another appeal he said, “I consent to forego my safe-conduct, and resign my person and my life to the emperor’s disposal; but as to the word of God—never!” He stated his willingness to submit to the decision of a general council, but only on condition that the council be required to decide according to the Scriptures. Both friends and foes were at last convinced that further effort for reconciliation would be useless. {4SP 139.3}
§117
倘若路德仅仅让了一步，撒但和他的全军就必得胜了。但由于他坚定不移的忠心，教会终于获得了释放。一个新的，更美好的时代已经开始了。这一个在自己的宗教信仰上敢想敢作的人，不仅影响到当时代的教会和全世界，而也要影响到以后的每一个时代。他的坚强和忠心将要激励每一个遭遇同样经历的人，直到末时。在那一次的会议上，上帝的能力和威严已经显现出来，超过了人的计谋和撒但的权力。{4SP 140.1}
§118
Had the Reformer yielded a single point, Satan and his hosts would have gained the victory. But his unwavering firmness was the means of emancipating the church, and beginning a new and better era. The influence of this one man, who dared to think and act for himself in religious matters, was to affect the church and the world, not only in his own time, but in all future generations. His firmness and fidelity would strengthen all, to the close of time, who should pass through a similar experience. The power and majesty of God stood forth above the counsel of men, above the mighty power of Satan. {4SP 140.1}
§119
不久，路德接到皇帝的御旨叫他回家，他知道这道命令一下，紧接着他的罪案就要确定了。恐怖的黑云布满在他行的路上；但是当他离开俄姆斯的时候，他心里充满了喜乐和赞美。他说：“撒但亲自在把守着教皇的堡垒；但基督已经把它打破了，所以魔鬼不得不承认基督的能力比他更大”。路德在归途中受到了各界人士最热烈的欢迎。高贵的主教们竟欢迎了这位被逐出教的修道士，而政府的官长们也招待了这位被皇帝所斥责的人。{4SP 140.2}
§120
Luther was soon commanded by the authority of the emperor to return home, and he knew that this notice would be speedily followed by his condemnation. Threatening clouds overhung his path; but as he departed from Worms, his heart was filled with joy and praise. “Satan himself,” said he, “kept the pope’s citadel; but Christ has made a wide breach in it, and the devil has been compelled to confess that Christ is mightier than he.” On this journey the Reformer received the most flattering attentions from all classes. Dignitaries of the church welcomed the monk upon whom the pope’s curse rested, and secular officers honored the man who was under the ban of the empire. {4SP 140.2}
§121
路德离开俄姆斯不久，罗马教徒说服了皇帝，叫他出一道制裁路德的命令。在这道命令里，路德被斥为“是撒但的化身，以人的面貌出现，披着一件修道士的外衣”。皇帝下令，一俟路德的护照期满，立即采取措施制止他的活动。所有的人民一律不许包庇他，供给他饮食，或在言语行动方面，公开或私下予以任何协助。同时有通令发到全国，把路德就地逮捕，送交官府。所有依附他的人，也必须予以监禁和受没收财产的处分。他的著作要全部焚毁。凡胆敢违抗政府法令的人应治以同等之罪。皇帝发了言，这道命令就在议会中通过了。于是罗马教徒们都欢呼高兴起来。他们认为宗教改革运动是注定要消灭的了。{4SP 140.3}
§122
He had not been long absent from Worms, when the papists prevailed upon the emperor to issue an edict against him. In this decree Luther was denounced as “Satan himself under the semblance of a man in a monk’s hood.” It was commanded that as soon as his safe-conduct should expire, measures be taken to stop his work. All persons were forbidden to harbor him, to give him food or drink, or by word or act, in public or private, to aid or abet him. He was to be seized wherever he might be, and delivered to the authorities. His adherents also were to be imprisoned, and their property confiscated. His writings were to be destroyed, and finally, all who should dare to act contrary to this decree were included in its condemnation. The emperor had spoken, and the Diet had given its sanction to the decree. The Romanists were jubilant. Now they considered the fate of the Reformation sealed. {4SP 140.3}
§123
在这危险的时机，上帝已经为祂的仆人预备了一条出路。那不疲倦的眼已在追随着路德的行动，一颗真诚高尚的心，已决定要营救他。显而易见地，罗马教廷非置路德于死地是决不罢休的；所以若要保护他脱离这狮子的口，就必须把他隐藏起来。上帝赐智慧给撒克逊的腓特烈，使他想出一个保全路德性命的计划。在几个忠实朋友的协助之下，这位选侯的目的终于达到了。路德被他们隐藏起来，以致他的朋友和敌人都找不到他。在路德的归途中，他忽然被拿，离开了他的同伴，很快地穿过森林，被带到瓦特堡的城堡━━一个偏僻的山寨上。他的被拿和隐藏都是在极端秘密中进行的，甚至腓特烈自己有一段很长的时期也不知道路德究竟被带到什么地方去。这也不是没有目的的；只要这位选侯不知道路德的下落，他就不可能透露什么消息。他自己既知路德安全无恙，也就放心了。{4SP 141.1}
§124
God had provided a way of escape for his servant in this hour of peril. A vigilant eye had followed Luther’s movements, and a true and noble heart had resolved upon his rescue. It was plain that Rome would be satisfied with nothing short of his death; only by concealment could he be preserved from the jaws of the lion. God gave wisdom to Frederick of Saxony to devise a plan for the Reformer’s preservation. With the co-operation of true friends, the elector’s purpose was carried out, and Luther was effectually hidden from friends and foes. Upon his homeward journey, he was seized, separated from his attendants, and hurriedly conveyed through the forests to the castle of Wartburg, an isolated mountain fortress. Both his seizure and his concealment were so involved in mystery that even Frederick himself for a long time knew not whither he had been conducted. This ignorance was not without design: so long as the elector knew nothing of Luther’s whereabouts, he could reveal nothing. He satisfied himself that the Reformer was safe, and with this knowledge he was content. {4SP 141.1}
§125
春天，夏天，秋天已经过去，冬天又来了，路德依然是一个被囚的人。亚利安德和他的党羽欢欣雀跃，以为福音的真光将要熄灭了。但相反地，这位改革家却在那里从真理的仓库中把自己的灯装满了油；并且它的光将要更明亮地及时照射出来。{4SP 142.1}
§126
Spring, summer, and autumn passed, and winter came, and Luther still remained a prisoner. Aleander and his partisans rejoiced that the light of the gospel seemed about to be extinguished. But instead of this, the Reformer was filling his lamp from the store-house of truth, to shine forth in due time with brighter radiance. {4SP 142.1}
§127
路德在瓦特堡的安稳之中，曾一度因能摆脱斗争的刺激和骚扰而欣喜。但他不能长期满意于这种安静和休闲的生活。他惯于过一种活动和战斗的生活，所以对于这长期的隐退实难以忍受。在那些静穆的日子里，教会的情况展现在他面前，于是他在绝望中喊着说：“哀哉！在这上帝愤怒的末后日子里，竟没有一个人象堡垒一样站立在主的面前，来拯救以色列民”！接着，他又联想到自己，他怕有人说他是因懦弱而退出了战场。于是他就责备自己的懒惰和安逸。其实，在这些日子里，他每天所作的工还超过了一个人平常所能作的。他的笔总没有闲着。当路德的敌人们正在自欺自慰地说他的口已被封住时，他们便忽然看到明显的凭据，证明路德仍在继续活动，这就使他们惊慌失措了。从他笔锋之下出来的大批宗教册子传遍了德国全境。他也完成了一项极重要的工作，就是将新约圣经译成德文给他的同胞。在他那磐石般的“拔摩海岛”上，他继续宣扬福音，并斥责当时代的罪恶和谬道，为时将近一年之久。{4SP 142.2}
§128
In the friendly security of the Wartburg, Luther for a time rejoiced in his release from the heat and turmoil of battle. But he could not long find satisfaction in quiet and repose. Accustomed to a life of activity and stern conflict, he could ill endure to remain inactive. In those solitary days, the condition of the church rose up before him, and he cried in despair, “Alas! there is no one in this latter day of His anger to stand like a wall before the Lord, and save Israel!” Again, his thoughts returned to himself, and he feared being charged with cowardice in withdrawing from the contest. Then he reproached himself for his indolence and self-indulgence. Yet at the same time he was daily accomplishing more than it seemed possible for one man to do. His pen was never idle. While his enemies flattered themselves that he was silenced, they were astonished and confused by tangible proof that he was still active. A host of tracts, issuing from his pen, circulated throughout Germany. He also performed a most important service for his countrymen by translating the New Testament into the German tongue. From his rocky Patmos he continued for nearly a whole year to proclaim the gospel, and rebuke the sins and errors of the times. {4SP 142.2}
§129
上帝使祂的仆人退隐，不仅是为要保护他脱离敌人的忿怒，也不仅是为要给他一段安静的时间来完成这些重要的工作。还有比这一切更宝贵的收获；在他的山间避难处的孤寂和隐退中，他失去了属世的支持，并远离了人间的称赞。这样，他就蒙拯救脱离了那因成功而常常产生的骄傲和自恃。藉着痛苦和谦卑他又得了准备，可以在令人眩晕的高位上，就是他忽然升到的地位上，安全地进行工作。{4SP 143.1}
§130
But it was not merely to preserve Luther from the wrath of his enemies, nor even to afford him a season of quiet for these important labors, that God had withdrawn his servant from the stage of public life. There were results more precious than these to be secured. In the solitude and obscurity of his mountain retreat, Luther was removed from earthly supports, and shut out from human praise. He was thus saved from the pride and self-confidence that are so often caused by success. By suffering and humiliation he was prepared again to walk safely upon the dizzy heights to which he had been so suddenly exalted. {4SP 143.1}
§131
当人们在真理所带来的自由中欢呼时，他们往往轻易赞扬那些上帝所用来斩断谬道和迷信之锁链的仆人。撒但力求使人的思想和感情转离上帝而注意到人的身上；他引诱他们去尊荣那些不过是作上帝工具的人，而忽视了那掌管着一切时事变化的主。宗教领袖们这样受到了赞美和敬重，往往就会忘记自己必须依靠上帝，而渐渐走到自恃的地步。结果，他们就想要控制群众的思想和良心，特别是那些易于依赖他们的指导而不注意上帝之话的人。因为改革运动的拥护者感染了这种精神，就常使改革运动受到拦阻。故此，上帝要保护宗教改革运动脱离这种危险。上帝要这个运动不受到人的影响，而只受到祂的感化。众人的视线已经转移到路德身上，以他为真理的解释者；所以上帝就把他隐藏起来，为要使众人的视线可以转移到那真理的永生创始者身上。{4SP 143.2}
§132
As men rejoice in the freedom which the truth brings them, they are inclined to extol those whom God has employed to break the chains of error and superstition. Satan seeks to divert men’s thoughts and affections from God, and fix them upon human agencies; to honor the mere instrument, and to ignore the Hand that directs all the events of providence. Too often, religious leaders who are thus praised and reverenced lose sight of their dependence upon God, and are led to trust in themselves. As a result, they seek to control the minds and consciences of the people, who are disposed to look to them for guidance instead of looking to the word of God. The work of reform is often retarded because of this spirit indulged by its supporters. From this danger, God would guard the cause of the Reformation. He desired that work to receive, not the impress of man, but of God. The eyes of men had been turned to Luther as the expounder of the truth; he was removed that all eyes might be directed to the eternal Author of truth. {4SP 143.2}