第31章 摩西之死
§1
第31章 摩西之死
§2
Chapter 31. - Death of Moses.
§3
摩西快要逝世了，上帝吩咐他在他去世之前将以色列民招集前来，向他们叙述希伯来全军自从离开埃及以来所有的经历，以及他们的父老们所犯的大罪，这些罪曾使上帝的刑罚临到他们身上，使祂不得不宣布禁止他们进入应许之地。他们的父老们已经照主所说的死在旷野了。他们的孩子们已经长大成人，因此占领迦南地的应许将要实现在他们身上。这些人当中有许多在颁布律法时还是小孩子，所以他们对当时在庄严肃穆的场面已不复记忆了。其他的人则是在旷野中出生的，惟恐他们不能认识遵守十条诫命以及所赐摩西一切律例典章的必要。他得蒙上帝的指示，将十条诫命以及颁布律法的一切经过重申一次。{1SP 330.3}[1]
§4
Moses was soon to die; and he was commanded of God to gather the children of Israel together before his death, and relate to them all the journeyings of the Hebrew host since their departure from Egypt, and all the great transgressions of their fathers, which brought his judgments upon them, and compelled him to say that they should not enter the promised land. Their fathers had died in the wilderness, according to the word of the Lord. Their children had grown up, and to them the promise was to be fulfilled of possessing the land of Canaan. Many of these were small children when the law was given, and they had no remembrance of the grandeur of the event. Others were born in the wilderness; and lest they should not realize the necessity of their obeying the ten commandments, and all the laws and judgments given to Moses, he was instructed of God to recapitulate the ten commandments, and all the circumstances connected with the giving of the law. {1SP 330.3}[1]
§5
摩西曾将上帝所传给他的一切律例典章都写在书上，并且忠心记录了祂沿途所给于他们的指示，以及祂为他们所行的一切神迹，和以色列民所发的一切怨言。摩西也记录了他自己因他们的怨言而被试探所胜的经过。{1SP 331.1}[2]
§6
Moses had written in a book all the laws and judgments given him of God, and had faithfully recorded all his instructions given them by the way, and all the miracles which he had performed for them, and all the murmurings of the children of Israel. Moses had also recorded his being overcome in consequence of their murmurings. {1SP 331.1}[2]
§7
全体会众聚集在摩西面前了，他便从他所写的书中诵读了他们以往历史的重大事件，还读了上帝在他们顺命时的各项应许，以及他们违命时所要受的种种咒诅。他向百姓讲了自己因在米利巴犯错而有的大悲伤。“那时，我恳求耶和华说：‘主耶和华啊，祢已将祢的大力大能显给仆人看。在天上，在地下，有什么神能象祢行事、象祢有大能的作为呢？求祢容我过去，看约旦河那边的美地，就是那佳美的山地和黎巴嫩。’但耶和华因你们的缘故向我发怒，不应允我，对我说：‘罢了！你不要向我再提这事。你且上毗斯迦山顶去，向东、西、南、北举目观望，因为你必不能过这约旦河。你却要嘱咐约书亚，勉励他，使他胆壮；因为他必在这百姓前面过去，使他们承受你所要观看之地。’”“以色列人哪，现在我所教训你们的律例典章，你们要听从遵行，好叫你们存活，得以进入耶和华你们列祖之上帝所赐给你们的地，承受为业。所吩咐你们的话，你们不可加添，也不可删减，好叫你们遵守我所吩咐的，就是耶和华你们上帝的命令”（申3:23-28；4:1,2）。 {1SP 331.2}[3]
§8
All the people were assembled before him, and he read the events of their past history out of the book which he had written. He read, also, the promises of God to them if they would be obedient, and the curses which would come upon them if they were disobedient. He related to the people his great sorrow because of his fault at Meribah. And I besought the Lord at that time, saying, O Lord God, thou hast begun to show thy servant thy greatness, and thy mighty hand; for what God is there in Heaven or in earth, that can do according to thy works, and according to thy might? I pray thee, let me go over, and see the good land that is beyond Jordan, that goodly mountain, and Lebanon. But the Lord was wroth with me for your sakes, and would not hear me. And the Lord said unto me, Let it suffice thee; speak no more unto me of this matter. Get thee up into the top of Pisgah, and lift up thine eyes westward, and northward, and southward, and eastward, and behold it with thine eyes; for thou shalt not go over this Jordan. But charge Joshua, and encourage him, and strengthen him; for he shall go over before this people, and he shall cause them to inherit the land which thou shalt see. Now, therefore, hearken, O Israel, unto the statutes and unto the judgments, which I teach you, for to do them, that ye may live, and go in and possess the land which the Lord God of your fathers giveth you. Ye shall not add unto the word which I command you, neither shall ye diminish aught from it, that ye may keep the commandments of the Lord your God which I command you. {1SP 331.2}[3]
§9
摩西告诉他们说，主曾数度定意要因他们叛逆的罪而消灭他们，但他却为他们十分恳切地代求，结果上帝开恩饶恕了他们。他使他们回想到主对法老和埃及全地所行的神迹。他对他们说：“惟有你们亲眼看见耶和华所作的一切大事。所以你们要守我今日所吩咐的一切诫命，使你们壮胆，能以进去，得你们所要得的那地”（申11:7-8）。{1SP 332.1}[4]
§10
Moses told them that, for their rebellion, the Lord had several times purposed to destroy them; but he had interceded for them so earnestly that God had graciously spared them. He reminded them of the miracles which the Lord did unto Pharaoh and all the land of Egypt. He said to them, But your eyes have seen all the great acts of the Lord which he did. Therefore shall ye keep all the commandments which I command you this day, that ye may be strong, and go in and possess the land, whither ye go to possess it. {1SP 332.1}[4]
§11
摩西特别警告以色列民，要防止受引诱陷入拜偶像的罪。他恳切地嘱咐他们，要遵守上帝的诫命。如果他们能顺服并敬爱主，全心全意地侍奉祂，祂就必按时降雨给他们，使他们的土产繁盛，牲畜增多。他们也必享有特别而崇高的特权，并且战胜他们的仇敌。他对他们讲了迦南地比埃及地的长处。在某些季节，埃及的耕地必须用脚动机械取河水浇灌。这是一项费力的工作。{1SP 332.2}[5]
§12
Moses especially warned the children of Israel against being seduced into idolatry. He earnestly charged them to obey the commandments of God. If they would prove obedient, and love the Lord, and serve him with their undivided affections, he would give them rain in due season, and cause their vegetation to flourish, and increase their cattle. They should also enjoy especial and exalted privileges, and should triumph over their enemies. He related to them the advantages of the land of Canaan over that of Egypt. In certain seasons of the year, the cultivated lands in Egypt had to be watered from the river by machinery which was worked by the foot. This was a laborious process. {1SP 332.2}[5]
§13
摩西对他们说：“你要进去得为业的那地，本不象你出来的埃及地。你在那里撒种，用脚浇灌，象浇灌菜园一样。你们要过去得为业的那地乃是有山有谷、雨水滋润之地，是耶和华你上帝所眷顾的；从岁首到年终，耶和华你上帝的眼目时常看顾那地”（申11:10-12）。{1SP 333.1}[6]
§14
Moses said to them, For the land, whither thou goest in to possess it, is not as the land of Egypt, from whence ye came out, where thou sowedst thy seed, and wateredst it with thy foot, as a garden of herbs; but the land, whither ye go to possess it, is a land of hills and valleys, and drinketh water of the rain of heaven; a land which the Lord thy God careth for. The eyes of the Lord thy God are always upon it, from the beginning of the year even unto the end of the year. {1SP 333.1}[6]
§15
许多埃及人竟把惟独属于上帝的礼拜献给大河。他们认那条河为他们的神，因为他们靠它的水止渴，用它浇灌他们的土地，使庄稼生长茂盛；它丰富地供应他们鱼吃。{1SP 333.2}[7]
§16
Many of the Egyptians paid that devotion to the river which belonged alone to God. They acknowledged it as their god, because they were dependent on its waters to quench their thirst, and to use upon their lands to cause vegetation to flourish; and it liberally supplied their tables with fish. {1SP 333.2}[7]
§17
在降灾期间，埃及的法老仍准时地向大河盲目地礼拜，每天早上去朝拜大河。他站在河岸上感谢赞美大河，数说大河的功劳和能力，说没有大河他们就活不了，他们的土地靠它灌溉，他们餐桌上的食物靠它供给。埃及所遭的第一灾就降在河水上，这河是埃及人最尊崇的神明之一。摩西在法老和他的要人们面前击打了河水，他们就看到他们正崇拜的河水变成了血。河水腐烂了七天，其中一切的鱼都死了。百姓不能用河水做什么了。{1SP 333.3}[8]
§18
During the plagues on Egypt, Pharaoh was punctual in his superstitious devotion to the river, and visited it every morning; and, as he stood upon its banks, he offered praise and thanksgiving to the water, recounting the great good it accomplished, and telling the water of its great power; that without it they could not exist; for their lands were watered by it, and it supplied meat for their tables. The first plague which visited Egypt was to come upon the waters, one of the exalted gods of Pharaoh. Moses smote the water before Pharaoh and his great men, and they saw the water which they were adoring turned to blood. It was a putrid mass for seven days; and all the fish that were in it died. The people could not use the water for any purpose. {1SP 333.3}[8]
§19
摩西用诚恳深刻的方式教训以色列民。他知道这是他最后向他们讲话的机会。他随后在书中写完了上帝所传给他的一切律例、典章，以及有关献祭礼节的种种条例。他将这书交在负有圣职之人的手中，并且吩咐他们为保全这书起见，要将它置于约柜旁边，因为上帝时常照料那神圣的约柜。这部摩西的书必须予以保存，以便在有必要时可供以色列的士师参考。一般容易犯错的人往往会解释上帝的律法，来迁就自己的情况；故此摩西的书要存放在最神圣的所在，以供将来参考。{1SP 334.1}[9]
§20
Moses instructed the children of Israel in an earnest, impressive manner. He knew that it was his last opportunity to address them. He then finished writing in a book all the laws, judgments, and statutes, which God had given him; also, the various regulations respecting sacrificial offerings. He placed the book in the hands of men in the sacred office, and requested that, for safe keeping, it should be put in the side of the ark; for Gods care was continually upon that sacred chest. This book of Moses was to be preserved, that the judges of Israel might refer to it if any case should come up to make it necessary. An erring people often understand Gods requirements to suit their own case; therefore the book of Moses was preserved in a most sacred place, for future reference. {1SP 334.1}[9]
§21
摩西以一次最有力而含有预言意义的演说，结束了他对百姓的最后指示。这篇演说措辞悲壮动人。他在上帝灵感之下分别为以色列各支派祝福。他在结束的话中强调上帝的威严和以色列的优越，只要他们顺服上帝，把握住祂的能力，他们的优势就必持续。他对他们说：“耶书仑哪，没有能比上帝的。祂为帮助你，乘在天空，显其威荣，驾行穹苍。永生的上帝是你的居所；祂永久的膀臂在你以下。祂在你前面撵出仇敌，说：毁灭吧。以色列安然居住；雅各的本源独居五谷新酒之地。祂的天也滴甘露。以色列啊，你是有福的！谁象你这蒙耶和华所拯救的百姓呢？祂是你的盾牌，帮助你，是你威荣的刀剑。你的仇敌必投降你；你必踏在他们的高处”（申33:26-29）。{1SP 334.2}[10]
§22
Moses closed his last instructions to the people by a most powerful, prophetic address. It was pathetic and eloquent. By inspiration of God, he blessed separately the tribes of Israel. In his closing words, he dwelt largely upon the majesty of God, and the excellency of Israel, which would ever continue if they would obey God, and take hold of his strength. He said to them, There is none like unto the God of Jeshurun, who rideth upon the heaven in thy help, and in his excellency on the sky. The eternal God is thy refuge, and underneath are the everlasting arms. And he shall thrust out the enemy from before thee, and shall say, Destroy them. Israel, then, shall dwell in safety alone. The fountain of Jacob shall be upon a land of corn and wine; also, his heavens shall drop down dew. Happy art thou, O Israel. Who is like unto thee, O people saved by the Lord, the shield of thy help, and who is the sword of thy excellency! And thine enemies shall be found liars unto thee; and thou shalt tread upon their high places. {1SP 334.2}[10]
§23
约书亚蒙拣选接续摩西，带领希伯来众民进入应许之地。他被极其庄严地分别为圣，承担将来的重要领导工作，作以色列民的忠心牧人。“嫩的儿子约书亚；因为摩西曾按手在他头上，就被智慧的灵充满，以色列人便听从他，照着耶和华吩咐摩西的行了”（申34:9）。他在以色列全会众面前嘱咐约书亚说：“你当刚强壮胆，因为你必领以色列人进我所起誓应许他们的地；我必与你同在”（申31:23）。摩西替上帝对约书亚讲话。他还把众长老和各支派的官长召集到他面前，严肃地嘱咐他们要在他们的宗教职责上秉公行义，忠心地顺从他从上帝传达给他们的一切指示。他呼天唤地见证他们的不是，他们若是偏离上帝，违背祂的诫命，他也是清白的，因为他已忠实地指示和警告了他们。{1SP 335.1}[11]
§24
Joshua was selected of God to be Moses successor in leading the Hebrew host to the promised land. He was most solemnly consecrated to the future important work of leading, as a faithful shepherd, the people of Israel. And Joshua, the son of Nun, was full of the spirit of wisdom; for Moses had laid his hands upon him. And the children of Israel hearkened unto him, and did as the Lord commanded Moses. And he gave Joshua charge before all the congregation of Israel, Be strong and of a good courage; for thou shalt bring the children of Israel unto the land which I sware unto them; and I will be with thee. He spoke to Joshua in Gods stead. He also had the elders and officers of the tribes gathered before him, and he solemnly charged them to deal justly and righteously in their religious offices, and to faithfully obey all the instructions he had given them from God. He called Heaven and earth to record against them, that if they should depart from God, and transgress his commandments, he was clear; for he had faithfully instructed and warned them. {1SP 335.1}[11]
§25
“摩西从摩押平原登尼波山，上了那与耶利哥相对的毗斯迦山顶。耶和华把基列全地直到但、拿弗他利全地、以法莲、玛拿西，犹大全地直到西海、南地，和棕树城耶利哥的平原，直到锁珥，都指给他看。耶和华对他说：‘这就是我向亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各、起誓应许之地，说，我必将这地赐给你的后裔；现在我使你眼睛看见了，你却不得过到那里去。’于是耶和华的仆人摩西死在摩押地，正如耶和华所说的。耶和华将他埋葬在摩押地，伯毗珥对面的谷中，只是到今日没有人知道他的坟墓。摩西死的时候，年一百二十岁；眼目没有昏花，精神没有衰败”（申34:1-7）。{1SP 335.2}[12]
§26
And Moses went up from the plains of Moab unto the mountain of Nebo, to the top of Pisgah, that is over against Jericho; and the Lord shewed him all the land of Gilead, unto Dan, and all Naphtali, and the land of Ephraim, and Manasseh, and all the land of Judah, unto the utmost sea, and the south, and the plain of the valley of Jericho, the city of palm trees, unto Zoar. And the Lord said unto him, This is the land which I sware unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, saying, I will give it unto thy seed. I have caused thee to see it with thine eyes, but thou shalt not go over thither. So Moses, the servant of the Lord, died there in the land of Moab, according to the word of the Lord. And he buried him in a valley in the land of Moab, over against Beth-peor; but no man knoweth of his sepulchre unto this day. And Moses was a hundred and twenty years old when he died; his eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated. {1SP 335.2}[12]
§27
摩西上到毗斯迦山顶，那是他能上到的最高的山顶，在那里用他清楚明亮的眼睛观看了迦南地，既主所应许给以色列的家乡。上帝在他眼前展开迦南全地的景象。他在山上那里充分认识到以色列若是忠心顺从上帝的诫命就会得到的丰盛福气。{1SP 336.1}[13]
§28
Moses ascended to Pisgah, the highest prominence of the mountain which he could attain, and there his clear and undimmed eyes viewed the land, the promised home of Israel. God opened before his sight the whole land of Canaan. He there in the mount fully realized the rich blessings Israel would enjoy if they would faithfully obey the commandments of God. {1SP 336.1}[13]
§29
摩西在山上时，再次在上帝面前承认了自己的罪，恳求主原谅他的过犯。他非常悔恨自己的罪，那罪使他不能进入应许之地。不蒙允许进入地上的迦南，这对他来说是极其痛苦的事。然而他谦卑地接受了自己犯罪的惩罚，没有向上帝的判决发怨言；尽管是因百姓不断的抱怨使他很痛苦，使他在片刻之间变得不忍耐，导致他没能把他们所见证的大神迹归荣耀于其真正的作者。这原是上帝考验祂子民的目的，就是希望这些考验会使他们呼求祂的拯救；而祂就会回应他们，向他们彰显祂的伟大和权能，好使他们可以惟独信任和倚赖上帝。摩西当时原本有很好的机会崇拜赞美上帝的良善和权能，趁着百姓心肠变软并生出感激之情时在他们心中留下一种深刻的印象，并使那地充满一种庄严肃穆的敬畏感。他原本可以在他们面前尊崇上帝，祂的警告必不落空，祂的应许永远可靠。{1SP 336.2}[14]
§30
While upon the mount, Moses again confesses his sin before God, and implores pardon for his transgression. He had greatly deplored his sin which had debarred him from the promised land. It was a severe affliction to him not to be permitted to enter the earthly Canaan. Yet he humbly accepts the punishment of his transgression, and murmurs not at the decree of God; notwithstanding it was the continual murmuring of the people which had afflicted him, and was the cause of his becoming for a moment impatient, which resulted in his failing to ascribe the glory of the great miracle they witnessed to its true Author. This was the purpose of God in proving his people, that in their trials they would be induced to call upon him for deliverance; and he would answer them by revealing his greatness and power to them, that their faith and trust might be in God alone. Here was a favorable opportunity for Moses to adore and magnify the goodness and power of God, and to make a deep impression upon the people, while their hearts were softened, and their gratitude awakened, and a solemn, sacred awe pervaded the place. He could have exalted God before them, whose threatenings never fail, and whose promises are ever sure. {1SP 336.2}[14]
§31
摩西独自在山上，回顾了他自从放弃埃及宫庭的荣华和将来的王位，不肯称为法老女儿之子，而宁愿与上帝的子民同受苦难以来，一生中的变迁和艰辛。他想起自己谦卑的牧人生活，想起他在照顾羊群时，看到燃烧着的荆棘的奇妙景象，想起主在那里为工作将他分别为圣，把拯救以色列人脱离压迫的重要使命交托给他。他一点一点地回想自己的经历。他想起上帝在埃及降灾的大能的奇事，为要使法老乐意让以色列人走；他想到希伯来人走干地过红海，海水在两边立起如垒；日间云柱夜间火柱中上帝同在的记号；主从坚硬的磐石出水给他们喝；天天有粮食在夜间从天上降在他们帐篷周围；上帝使他们胜过仇敌的许多胜仗；他们在大旷野中安危无忧的休息；以及他曾蒙允许见到的上帝无比卓越的荣耀和威严。他回顾这些事时，便因感到上帝的良善和权能而情不自胜。上帝的应许对以色列来说是可靠的。他们忠实而顺从时，所应许的一样好处都没有留下不给他们。然而由于他们不断的背道和严重的罪恶，他们才在旷野的漂流中消耗了四十年。{1SP 337.1}[15]
§32
Moses, alone upon the mount, reviewed his past life of vicissitudes and hardships since he turned from courtly honors and from a prospective kingdom in Egypt, refusing to be called the son of Pharaohs daughter, choosing rather to suffer affliction with the people of God. He calls to mind his humble shepherds life, and, while tending his flock, the wonderful sight of the flaming bush, and the Lords there sanctifying him for the work, and intrusting to him the responsible mission of delivering Israel from their oppression. He came down from point to point in his experience. He called to mind the mighty miracles of Gods power in the plagues of Egypt to make Pharaoh willing to let the people go; the Hebrews walking through the Red Sea on dry ground, while the waters were standing as a wall on either side; the symbol of the divine presence in the pillar of cloud by day, and of fire by night; the water given them from the flinty rock; the daily bread which, during the night, fell from heaven round about their tents; the victories God had given them over their enemies; their quiet and secure rest in the midst of a vast wilderness; and the unsurpassed glory and majesty of God which he had been permitted to witness. As he reviewed these things, he was overwhelmed with a sense of the goodness and power of God. His promises were sure to Israel. When they were faithful and obedient, no good thing promised had been withheld from them. But in consequence of their continual backslidings and grievous sins, forty years were consumed in their wanderings in the wilderness. {1SP 337.1}[15]
§33
他虽因以色列人持续的反叛而失望忧伤；但他并没有得罪上帝，直到他对以色列人变得不耐烦，冒失发言了。虽然有他在他们那四十年的旅行期间为叛逆的以色列人所担的一切劳苦重担，但在离开埃及的大军之中，在二十岁以上的人中只有两个忠心的人得见应许之地。主已说过他们要因自己的罪恶倒毙在旷野。他们有不信的恶心。当摩西回想他劳苦的果效时，他一生艰苦的工作似乎尽归徒然了。{1SP 338.1}[16]
§34
He had been disappointed and grieved because of the continual rebellion of Israel; yet he had not sinned against God until he became impatient with Israel, and spoke unadvisedly with his lips. Notwithstanding all his labors and burdens for rebellious Israel during their forty years journeying, only two of those in that vast army who were above twenty years old when they left Egypt, were found so faithful that they could see the promised land. The Lord had said that they should fall in the wilderness for their transgressions. They had evil hearts of unbelief. Moses laborious task, as he reviewed the result of his labors, seemed almost in vain. {1SP 338.1}[16]
§35
摩西服从了上帝对他作出的判决。他并没有后悔为一班忘恩负义的百姓负了重担，他们并没有赏识他的工作，也不感激他对他们的操心挂虑和关爱。他知道他的使命和工作原是上帝亲自所委派的。当主初次叫摩西知道祂的旨意是要使他有资格率领祂的子民脱离奴役时，他曾畏缩不敢担负这个重任，并且恳求主去拣选某个更有资格的人去做这项神圣的工作。他的要求没有得到允准。他既承担起了这工作，就一直没有把它放下，也没有把责任丢在一边。主曾几次提议要卸去他的责任而毁灭反叛的以色列人；但摩西不能放弃以色列人。他决定仍旧担负主所交给他的担子。他一直受上帝特别恩待，并在旷野漂流的时期中获得了丰富的经历，得以看到上帝的奇事和祂卓越荣耀的显示，以致使他作出了一个聪明的决定，宁可与上帝的百姓同受苦难，也不愿暂时享受罪中之乐。他并不后悔自己所受的艰难困苦。只有一个不合宜的举动损坏了他杰出的经历。如果这一项罪能得到补赎，他就甘愿受死了。他蒙告知，上帝所要求的一切，就是让他悔改，谦卑地信靠上帝的儿子，祂要为人类牺牲受死。这一无罪而完全的奉献会完全蒙上帝悦纳，且会把有限的人和祂自己的神圣性连结起来，只要堕落的人肯悔改和顺从。{1SP 338.2}[17]
§36
Moses submitted to Gods decree in regard to himself. He regretted not the burdens he had borne for an ungrateful people who had not appreciated his labors, his anxious care and love for them. He knew that his mission and work were of Gods own appointing. When the Lord first made known to Moses his purposes to qualify him to lead his people from slavery, he shrank from the responsibility, and entreated the Lord to choose some one better qualified to execute this sacred work. His request was not granted. Since he had taken up the work, he had not laid it down, nor cast aside the burden. Several times the Lord proposed to release him, and destroy rebellious Israel; but Moses could not let Israel go. He chose still to bear the burden the Lord had intrusted to him. He had been so especially favored of God, and had obtained so rich an experience during his travels in the wilderness, in witnessing the manifestations of Gods miracles and his excellent glory, that he concluded, in reviewing the scenes of his life, that he had made a wise decision in choosing to suffer affliction with the people of God, rather than to enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season. He regretted not his sufferings and hardships. Only one unfortunate act marred his illustrious experience. If he could atone for this one transgression, he would be reconciled to die. He was told that repentance, humiliation, and faith in the Son of God, who was to die mans sacrifice, was all that God required. This sinless and perfect offering would be fully acceptable with God, and would link finite man, though fallen, if repentant and obedient, to his own sacredness. {1SP 338.2}[17]
§37
天使们把应许之地的全景呈现在摩西眼前时，他就能看到全部的景象，且以几乎超人的清晰感赏识其华美。那原是第二个伊甸园，其中栽满几乎各种各样的果树，且有极其美丽的观赏树木和花卉。其中有优美的城邑、溪流和水泉，有小麦田和大麦田，还有葡萄园、无花果树、石榴树、油橄榄树和蜂蜜。主曾说过：“你在那地不缺食物，一无所缺”（申8:9）。{1SP 339.1}[18]
§38
As angels presented to Moses a panoramic view of the land of promise, he could take in the whole scene, and appreciate with almost divine clearness its magnificence. It was as a second Eden, abounding in fruit trees of almost every variety, and very beautiful ornamental trees and flowers. There were goodly cities, with brooks and springs of water. There were fields of wheat and barley, and vineyards, and fig trees, and pomegranates, and oil olive, and honey. The Lord had said, Thou shalt eat bread without scarceness, thou shalt not lack anything in it. {1SP 339.1}[18]
§39
摩西蒙指示看到将来的大事，特别是那些与耶稣基督的第一次降临有关的大事。他蒙指示看到基督生平中惊心动魄的重要场景，以及这些情景的发生地点。他看到祂卑微的出生，看到天使们向牧羊人宣布那好消息说：“我报给你们大喜的信息，是关乎万民的；因今天在大卫的城里，为你们生了救主，就是主基督”（路2:10,11）。摩西看到基督把祂的威严和光辉换成了伯利恒的马槽。他听到了天军欢乐歌唱的声音：“在至高之处荣耀归与上帝！在地上平安归与祂所喜悦的人”（路2:14）。他看到救世主谦卑地行走在伯利恒的街道上，放弃了王的尊荣，也没有堂堂威仪。他看到祂怎样被犹太民族的骄傲和腐败所拒绝。他们藐视和拒绝了那来赐给他们生命的主。这原是他们惟一的希望之星。他看到上帝的儿子在客西马尼园中的大痛苦，看到耶稣被卖到一群被撒但激怒的暴徒手中。他看到由他本国的人所鼓动的残忍的嘲笑和鞭打，以及他们最后将祂钉在十字架的登峰造极的行为。摩西看到，他曾怎样在旷野举起那铜蛇，上帝的儿子也照样在木制的十字架上被举起来。他看到祂流血将死，叫一切信祂的，不至灭亡，反得永生。{1SP 340.1}[19]
§40
Moses was shown future events, especially those connected with the first advent of Jesus Christ. He was shown important, thrilling scenes in the life of Christ, and the very places where these scenes would be enacted. He saw his humble birth, and the angels proclaiming the glad tidings to the shepherds, Behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people. For unto you is born this day, in the city of David, a Saviour, which is Christ the Lord. Moses saw that Christ had exchanged his majesty and splendor for the manger of Bethlehem. He heard the joyful voices of the shining host of Heaven break forth in that divine song, Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men. He saw the Saviour of the world humbly walking through the streets of Bethlehem, divested of kingly honors, without pomp or grandeur. He saw the manner of his rejection by the proud and corrupt Jewish nation. They despised and rejected Him who had come to give them life. Here was their only star of hope. He saw the great agony of the Son of God in the garden of Gethsemane, and the betrayal of Jesus into the hands of a mob which was infuriated by Satan. He saw the cruel mockings and scourgings instigated by his own nation, and their last crowning act of nailing him to the cross; and Moses saw that, as he had lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, so the Son of God was lifted up on the wooden cross. He saw him bleeding and dying, that whosoever should believe in him should not perish, but have eternal life. {1SP 340.1}[19]
§41
当摩西看到犹太国对他们的救赎主，就是行在他们列祖前面的那大能的使者，表示伪善和穷凶极恶的仇恨时，他的脸上现出了忧伤、惊愕、愤慨和惊骇的表情。他听见基督惨痛的呼喊：“我的上帝，我的上帝。为什么离弃我”（太27:46）？他看到祂从死里复活，以胜利者的姿态走出来，并由崇拜敬慕祂的天使护送升到祂父那里去。天使们打开圣城的门户，用荣耀和永远得胜的诗歌欢迎他们神圣的元帅凯旋归来。这时摩西的脸色就改变了，焕发着圣洁的光辉，因为他看到了基督的荣耀和凯旋。他一生的艰苦、考验和牺牲，若与上帝儿子所受的比较起来，真是何等的微不足道啊！他因选择与上帝的百姓同受苦难和他得以在很少的程度上与基督的苦难有份而欢喜快乐。{1SP 341.1}[20]
§42
Grief, amazement, indignation, and horror, were depicted on the countenance of Moses, as he viewed the hypocrisy and satanic hatred manifested by the Jewish nation against their Redeemer, the mighty angel who had gone before their fathers, and wrought so wonderfully for them in all their journeyings. He heard his agonizing cry, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me? He saw him rise from the dead, and walk forth a triumphant conqueror, and ascend to his Father escorted by adoring angels. The gates of the city were opened by angels, who welcomed their divine Commander back with songs of glory and everlasting triumph. Moses countenance changed, and shone with a holy radiance, as he viewed the glory and triumph of Christ. How small appeared all his hardships, trials, and sacrifices, when compared with those of the divine Son of God! He rejoiced that he had chosen to suffer affliction with the people of God, and in a small measure be a partaker with Christ of his sufferings. {1SP 341.1}[20]
§43
上帝的旨意没让任何人陪同摩西上毗斯迦山顶。他站在那高高耸立的毗斯迦山顶，在上帝和众天使的面前。在他心满意足瞻望到迦南地之后，他便像一个疲乏的战士躺下休息了。他安睡了，但那是死亡的长眠，有天使将他的遣体取去埋葬在山谷中，以色列人永远找不到他埋葬的所在。他的秘密埋葬，乃是要防止民众因他的遗体而犯拜偶像的罪，以致得罪耶和华。{1SP 341.2}[21]
§44
It was not the will of God that any one should go up with Moses to the top of Pisgah. There he stood, upon a high prominence upon Pisgahs top, in the presence of God and heavenly angels. After he had viewed Canaan to his satisfaction, he lay down, like a tired warrior, to rest. Sleep came upon him, but it was the sleep of death. Angels took his body and buried it in the valley. The Israelites could never find the place where he was buried. His secret burial was to prevent the people from sinning against the Lord by committing idolatry over his body. {1SP 341.2}[21]
§45
那些在摩西的一生没有小心听从他的指示的人，会有在他死的事上表示不圣洁的忧伤的大危险，要是能得到他的尸身，就会对他无生命的身体犯偶像崇拜的罪。上帝原是要把摩西藏起来，不让他们找到，只有祂和天使知道他的坟墓在哪里。摩西已为以色列成就了许多事。在他一切的指示中都可见到正义、智慧和纯正。{1SP 341.3}[22]
§46
Those who had not been careful to heed his instruction during his life, would be in the greatest danger of manifesting an unsanctified grief in the event of his death, and would commit idolatry over his lifeless body if they could obtain it. God designed to hide Moses from them, where his grave would be unknown except by himself and heavenly angels. Moses had accomplished much for Israel. In all his instructions to them could be seen justice, intelligence, and purity. {1SP 341.3}[22]
§47
摩西的一生显然对上帝有至上的爱。他的虔诚、谦卑和宽容使他对以色列全军有影响力。他对上帝的热心和信心比世上别的任何人都大。他曾常常用激动人心的雄辩之辞向百姓讲话。谁也不如他更知道怎样感动人们的心。他用大智慧做了一切关乎人们宗教兴趣的事。{1SP 342.1}[23]
§48
The life of Moses was marked with supreme love to God. His piety, humility and forbearance, gave him influence with the host of Israel. His zeal and faith in God were greater than those of any other man upon the earth. He had often addressed his people in words of stirring eloquence. No one knew better than he how to move the affections of the people. He conducted all matters connected with the religious interests of the people with great wisdom. {1SP 342.1}[23]
§49
撒但因为他终于使摩西得罪上帝而狂喜了。因为这一次的过犯，摩西落在了死亡的权下。如果他一直能保持忠心，使他的生平不受那一次未将磐石出水的荣耀归给上帝的过犯所亏损，他就必得以进入应许之地，并且不尝死味而变化升天了。在摩西被葬在坟墓中一个短暂的时期后，米迦勒，就是基督，和那些埋葬他的天使从天上下来，使他复活了，并把他带到天上。{1SP 342.2}[24]
§50
Satan exulted that he had succeeded in causing Moses to sin against God. For this transgression, Moses came under the dominion of death. If he had continued faithful, and his life had not been marred with that one transgression, in failing to give to God the glory of bringing water from the rock, he would have entered the promised land, and would have been translated to Heaven without seeing death. Michael, or Christ, with the angels that buried Moses, came down from Heaven, after he had remained in the grave a short time, and resurrected him, and took him to Heaven. {1SP 342.2}[24]
§51
基督和天使临近摩西的坟墓时，撒但和他的使者竟在坟墓出现，看守着摩西的尸体，惟恐它被挪去。当基督和祂的使者靠近的时候，撒但抗拒他们靠近，但终于因基督和祂使者的荣耀和权能不得不后退。撒但声称因为摩西犯了那一次的罪，他的遗体应该是属于他的。但基督却温和地向他提到祂的父说：“主责备你吧”（犹9）！基督告诉撒但，祂知道摩西已经谦卑地为这一件错行悔改，所以他的品格上并没有瑕疵，而且他的名字在天上的卷册上是无污点的，于是基督就使撒但所主张属于自己的摩西身体复活了。{1SP 342.3}[25]
§52
As Christ and the angels approached the grave, Satan and his angels appeared at the grave, and were guarding the body of Moses, lest it should be removed. As Christ and his angels drew nigh, Satan resisted their approach, but was compelled, by the glory and power of Christ and his angels, to fall back. Satan claimed the body of Moses, because of his one transgression; but Christ meekly referred him to his Father, saying, The Lord rebuke thee. Christ told Satan that he knew Moses had humbly repented of this one wrong, that no stain rested upon his character, and that his name in the heavenly book of records stood untarnished. Then Christ resurrected the body of Moses, which Satan had claimed. {1SP 342.3}[25]
§53
在基督登山变像时，摩西和被接升天的以利亚，曾奉差遣去和基督谈论祂受苦的事，并将上帝的荣耀带给祂的爱子。摩西是上帝特别看重的。他曾享有与上帝面对面谈话，像人与朋友谈话一样的特权。上帝也曾向他彰显祂无上的荣耀，是祂所从未向别人显示过的。{1SP 343.1}[26]
§54
At the transfiguration of Christ, Moses, and Elijah who had been translated, were sent to talk with Christ in regard to his sufferings, and be the bearers of Gods glory to his dear Son. Moses had been greatly honored of God. He had been privileged to talk with God face to face, as a man speaketh with his friend. And God had revealed to him his excellent glory, as he had never done to any other. {1SP 343.1}[26]
§55
摩西是基督的一个预表。他从上帝口中领受了智慧之言，并且将之传给百姓。上帝看为合适在苦难和贫穷的学校中训练摩西，之后他才能预备好带领以色列众军出埃及进地上迦南的路程。上帝的以色列民如今正在前往天上的迦南，他们有一位统帅，祂象摩西一样，无需尘世的任何教导来使祂完成作神圣教师和领袖的工作，带领祂的子民进入更好的天上的家乡。祂没有表现出任何人性的软弱或不完全；可是祂却受死为要使我们得以进入应许之地。摩西曾向百姓指出基督。他说：“耶和华你的上帝要从你们弟兄中间给你兴起一位先知，象我，你们要听从祂。”他继续说：“耶和华就对我说：‘他们所说的是。我必在他们弟兄中间给他们兴起一位先知象你。我要将当说的话传给祂；祂要将我一切所吩咐的都传给他们’”（申18:15,17,18）。{1SP 343.2}[27]
§56
Moses was a type of Christ. He received the words from the mouth of God, and spoke them to the people. God saw fit to discipline Moses in the school of affliction and poverty, before he could be prepared to lead the armies of Israel in their travels from Egypt to the earthly Canaan. The Israel of God who are now passing on to the heavenly Canaan have a Captain who needed no earthly teaching, as did Moses, to perfect him for the work of a divine teacher and leader to guide his people into a better and heavenly country. He manifested no human weakness or imperfection; yet he died in order to obtain an entrance for us into the promised land. Moses pointed the people forward to Christ. He said, The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet, from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto him ye shall hearken. He continues, The Lord said unto me, They have well spoken that which they have spoken. I will raise them up a Prophet, from among their brethren, like unto thee, and will put my words in his mouth; and he shall speak unto them all that I shall command him. {1SP 343.2}[27]
§57
主曾藉着外在的记号和仪式，使希伯来人知道祂的纯正和圣洁以及祂严格的正义。祂还多多显出证据，表明祂乐于饶恕表示真悔改的犯错的人和犯罪的人。真悔改的人顺从祂公义的要求，同时凭着对上帝儿子将来完美奉献的信心献上自己的供物。当大祭司在百姓面前供职时，便将百姓的心指向那要来的救主，犹太祭司乃是祂的一个显著而美好的代表。{1SP 344.1}[28]
§58
Through outward signs and ceremonies, the Lord made known to the Hebrews his purity and holiness, and his stern justice. He also multiplied evidences of his willingness to pardon the erring and sinful who manifested true repentance, and submission to his just requirements, while they presented their offerings in faith of the future perfect offering of the Son of God. When the high priest performed his service before the people, their minds were directed to the coming Saviour, of whom the Jewish priest was a striking and beautiful representation. {1SP 344.1}[28]