第21章 学校宿舍
§1
第21章 学校宿舍
§2
Chap. 21—School Homes
§3
在去我们大学就读之时，许多青少年离开了家庭圈子的驯顺温良的感化力。当此一生最需要人警醒监护之时，他们离开了父母的权威及影响的约束，投身到一帮与他们同年，而生活习惯与品格各不相同的友伴中。有些人，幼年时代受的训练太少，肤浅而轻浮；另有些人，却受过太严的管教，以致一旦离开了那约束太紧的手，便如脱缰之马，觉得可以畅所欲为。他们鄙视厌恶约束之念。青年人与这些人交往，危险自必大大增多了。{6T168.1}[1]
§4
In attending our colleges many of the youth are separated from the softening, subduing influences of the home circle. At the very time of life when they need vigilant supervision they are withdrawn from the restraints of parental influence and authority, and are thrown into the society of a large number of their own age, of varied characters and habits of life. Some of these have in childhood received too little discipline and are superficial and frivolous; others have been governed too much and have felt, when away from the hands that held the reins of control perhaps too tightly, that they were free to do as they pleased. They despise the very thought of restraint. By these associations the dangers of the young are greatly increased.?{6T 168.1}[1]
§5
我们学校宿舍的设立，就是要使我们的青少年不至于东飘西荡，暴露于充斥各处的种种邪恶的影响之中；应当尽力之所能，使学校有家庭化的气氛，保护青年免受试探而道德沦亡，并引领他们去就耶稣。天上的家庭，表明了地上的家庭所应有的情形；我们的校舍，就是那些努力预备要为上帝服务之青少年们所聚居之处，应当尽量接近神圣的样式。{6T168.2}[2]
§6
Our school homes have been established that our youth may not be left to drift hither and thither, and be exposed to the evil influences which everywhere abound; but that, as far as possible, a home atmosphere may be provided that they may be preserved from temptations to immorality and be led to Jesus. The family of heaven represents that which the family on earth should be; and our school homes, where are gathered youth who are seeking a preparation for the service of God, should approach as nearly as possible to the divine model.?{6T 168.2}[2]
§7
凡受托管理这些校舍的教师们，所负的责任重大；因为他们是要充当父母，对所有的学生关心，正如父母关心儿女一样。他们奉召照应这些品性不同的青年，是要费尽苦心且背负重担的，更要极其精明机警与多多忍耐，去将那些已被不良管教所歪曲的心志，纳于正轨。教师们需要富有管理才干；他们必须当忠于原则而又明智温和，将爱心与基督化的同情跟管教训练相结合。他们应当是有信心，有智慧，并有祈祷之习惯的男女。他们不可表露严峻冷漠不可亲的威严架势，乃当与青年们水乳交融，与他们在日常的生活历程上同甘共苦。这种努力所得的效果，通常就是愉快亲爱的顺从。{6T168.3}[3]
§8
Teachers who are placed in charge of these homes bear grave responsibilities; for they are to act as fathers and mothers, showing an interest in the students, one and all, such as parents show in their children. The varying elements in the characters of the youth with whom they are called to deal bring upon them care and many heavy burdens, and great tact as well as much patience is required to balance in the right direction minds that have been?warped by bad management. The teachers need great managing ability; they must be true to principle and yet wise and tender, linking love and Christlike sympathy with discipline. They should be men and women of faith, of wisdom, and of prayer. They should not manifest stern, unbending dignity, but should mingle with the youth, becoming one with them in their joys and sorrows as well as in their daily routine of work. Cheerful, loving obedience will generally be the fruit of such effort.?{6T 168.3}[3]
§9
【室内义务】
§10
青年男女在我们大学宿舍生活中所应受的教育，是应当特予注意的。参加我们大学的学生们，应当受教执行那分派给他们的工作，丢掉懒惰的倾向，这在建设品格的工作上是极其重要的。他们必须熟悉日常生活的义务。应当教他们把室内的义务处理得又彻底又良好，尽力避免吵闹及混乱。凡事都当规规矩矩按着秩序而行。厨房及其他地方，应当保持洁净雅观。应当把书本放好，直到要用之时再拿起，在未能将室内的义务尽完之前，不要读书。不可让读书占据了全部心意，以致把全家舒适所依赖的家庭义务疏忽了。{6T169.1}[4]
§11
【Domestic Duties】
§12
The education which the young men and women who attend our colleges should receive in the home life is deserving of special attention. It is of great importance in the work of character building that students who attend our colleges be taught to take up the work that is appointed them, throwing off all inclination to sloth. They need to become familiar with the duties of daily life. They should be taught to do their domestic duties thoroughly and well, with as little noise and confusion as possible. Everything should be done decently and in order. The kitchen and all other parts of the building should be kept sweet and clean. Books should be laid aside till their proper season, and no more study should be taken than can be attended to without neglecting the household duties. The study of books is not to engross the mind to the neglect of home duties upon which the comfort of the family depends.?{6T 169.1}[4]
§13
在实行这些义务之时，应当克服粗心，疏忽，及不整齐的恶习惯；因为这些恶习惯，若不予以改正，就必在生活的各方面表现出来，以致破坏人一生的效能，破坏真正的传道工作。若非用恒心及决心来改正这些恶习，它们就会把学生的今生与永生都侵夺了。应当鼓励青年人在衣着上养成正确的习惯，使他们的外表整洁而动人；应教他们保持衣服的清洁，及缝补整齐。他们所有的习惯应该使他们成为别人的帮助和安慰。{6T169.2}[5]
§14
In the performance of these duties careless, neglectful, disorderly habits should be overcome; for unless corrected, these habits will be carried into every phase of life, and the life will be spoiled for usefulness, spoiled for true missionary work. Unless corrected with perseverance and resolution they will overcome the student for?time and for eternity. The young should be encouraged to form correct habits in dress, that their appearance may be neat and attractive; they should be taught to keep their garments clean and neatly mended. All their habits should be such as to make them a help and a comfort to others.?{6T 169.2}[5]
§15
以色列人的军队受了特别的指导，遂将营幕四围的地方整理得清洁有序，免得上帝的天使经过他们的营盘，见到他们的污秽。主对这些事会特别留意么？祂会的；因为事实如此，如果祂见到他们的污秽不洁，祂就不与他们的军队一同出发，与他们的仇敌相战。照样，上帝也是注意我们的一切行动。上帝对以色列人那样仔细，要他们养成清洁的习惯，祂对今日的家庭，也必不许任何污秽不洁的情形存在。{6T170.1}[6]
§16
Special directions were given to the armies of the children of Israel that in and around their tents everything should be clean and orderly lest the angel of God should pass through their encampment and see their uncleanness. Would the Lord be particular to notice these things? He would; for the fact is stated, lest in viewing their uncleanness He could not go forth with their armies to battle against their enemies. In like manner all our actions are noticed by God. That God who was so particular that the children of Israel should grow up with habits of cleanliness will not sanction any impurity in the home today.?{6T 170.1}[6]
§17
上帝已给父母及教师们在这些方面教育孩童及青少年的工作，从他们生活的每一行动上，都可授以属灵的教训。在训练他们养成身体清洁的习惯时，我们也当教导他们明白，上帝希望他们的心地也要清洁，象身体清洁一样。在打扫房间时，他们可学习主如何洁净人心。他们不是关闭门窗，把一些清洁用的东西丢在房子里就算了，乃当开敞门窗，勤力工作，把一切灰尘扫出去。照样，也当把情绪及愿望之窗，朝天开启，把自私及属世的灰尘清除净尽。上帝的恩典必清除心意的内室，由上帝的圣灵来使每一份的本性变成清洁而活泼有力。在日常的本分上无秩序及不整洁，会使人忘记上帝，而只有口头的信仰，徒具敬虔的形式而无实意。我们当警醒祈祷，免得只抓住了影子，而失去了真体。{6T170.2}[7]
§18
God has given to parents and teachers the work of educating the children and youth in these lines, and from every act of their lives they may be taught spiritual lessons. While training them in habits of physical cleanliness we should teach them that God desires them to be clean in heart as well as in body. While sweeping a room they may learn how the Lord purifies the heart. They would not close the doors and windows and leave in the room some purifying substance, but would open the doors and throw wide the windows, and with diligent effort expel all the dust. So the windows of impulse and feeling must be opened toward heaven, and the dust of selfishness and earthliness must be expelled. The grace of God must sweep through the chambers of the mind, and every element of the nature must be purified and vitalized by the Spirit of God. Disorder and untidiness in daily duties will lead to forgetfulness of God and to keeping the form?of godliness in a profession of faith, having lost the reality. We are to watch and pray, else we shall grasp the shadow and lose the substance.?{6T 170.2}[7]
§19
活泼的信心，好像金线，在实行小职责的过程中，把日常的经验连串起来。如此引导学生明白，上帝所设计的纯洁原则，会激励他们人生的每一举动。于是，日常的一切工作，就会具有促使基督徒生长的性质。这样一来，信心，依靠，及爱耶稣等的原则，就会深入到日常生活中极微小的细节上。一种仰望耶稣及爱祂的心，会成为常存不断的动机，使所尽的每一义务活泼有力。于是就会生出一种奋力追求公义，一种“不至于羞愧”的盼望。无论做什么，都要为荣耀上帝而行。{6T171.1}[8]
§20
A living faith like threads of gold should run through the daily experience in the performance of little duties. Then students will be led to understand the pure principles which God designs shall prompt every act of their lives. Then all the daily work will be of such a character as to promote Christian growth. Then the vital principles of faith, trust, and love for Jesus will penetrate into the most minute details of daily life. There will be a looking unto Jesus, and love for Him will be the continual motive, giving vital force to every duty that is undertaken. There will be a striving after righteousness, a hope that “maketh not ashamed.” Whatever is done will be done to the glory of God.?{6T 171.1}[8]
§21
对于在宿舍中的每位学生，我要说，当忠于校舍中的义务。在执行微小责任上也当忠心。在宿舍中作一个真实活泼的基督徒。应当用基督徒的原则统治你的心，管束你的行为。听从教师的每一项建议，但不必事事都要听人吩咐了才去作。应当自己观察。注意自己房间内的一切是否整齐，无瑕无疵，没有什么可冒犯上帝的东西，以致在天使经过你房间之时，会被秩序井然及干净整洁所吸引，而停留片刻，不忍过去。在尽你的本分时，若敏捷，整洁，忠实地去做，你便是作布道士了。你是在为基督作见证。你在向人表明基督的宗教并没有在原则或实践上，使你变成不整洁，粗俗，不敬师长，不听他们的忠告和指导。实行了圣经中的宗教之后，必使你变得仁爱，体谅，而又忠实。你必不忽略应当作的小事。应当采纳基督的话作为你的格言：“人在最小的事上忠心，在大事上也忠心”（路16:10）。{6T171.2}[9]
§22
To each student in the home I would say, Be true to home duties. Be faithful in the discharge of little responsibilities. Be a real living Christian in the home. Let Christian principles rule your heart and control your conduct. Heed every suggestion made by the teacher, but do not make it a necessity always to be told what to do. Discern for yourself. Notice for yourself if all things in your own room are spotless and in order, that nothing there may be an offense to God, but that when holy angels shall pass through your room, they may be led to linger because attracted by the prevailing order and cleanliness. In doing your duties promptly, neatly, faithfully, you are missionaries. You are bearing witness for Christ. You are showing that the religion of Christ does not, in principle or in practice, make you untidy, coarse, disrespectful to your teachers, giving little heed to their counsel and instruction. Bible religion, practiced, will make you kind, thoughtful, faithful. You will not neglect the little things that should be done. Adopt as your?motto the words of Christ: “He that is faithful in that which is least is faithful also in much.”?{6T 171.2}[9]
§23
【基督化的社交与礼貌】
§24
上帝的子民对于基督化的社交确实学得太少了。我们的学校决不可忽视或忘记这方面的教育。{6T172.1}[10]
§25
【Christian Sociability and Courtesy】
§26
Christian sociability is altogether too little cultivated by God’s people. This branch of education should not be neglected or lost sight of in our schools.?{6T 172.1}[10]
§27
要教育学生明白，他们并不是单独的原子，每一个人都好比是一根线，要与其它的线一起织成布匹。学校什么一个部门能比在校舍里更为有效地传授这一教训。在这里，每日环绕着学生们的一切机会若能加以善用，就可大大有助于培养他们的社交品性。他们能否善用自己的光阴和机会，发展一个使自己幸福有为的品格，乃在于他们自己。那些离群索居，不愿通过友好的社交而造福他人的人，必会丧失许多福气；因为人的心智，会因相互接触而得到提炼和洁净；通过社交，大家彼此结识，情投意合，营造了一派上天所悦纳的爱的气氛。{6T172.2}[11]
§28
Students should be taught that they are not independent atoms, but that each one is a thread which is to unite with other threads in composing a fabric. In no department can this instruction be more effectually given than in the school home. Here students are daily surrounded by opportunities which, if improved, will greatly aid in developing the social traits of their characters. It lies in their own power so to improve their time and opportunities as to develop a character that will make them happy and useful. Those who shut themselves up within themselves, who are unwilling to be drawn upon to bless others by friendly associations, lose many blessings; for by mutual contact minds receive polish and refinement; by social intercourse, acquaintances are formed and friendships contracted which result in a unity of heart and an atmosphere of love which is pleasing in the sight of heaven.?{6T 172.2}[11]
§29
那些尝过基督之爱的滋味的人，尤其要培养自己的社交能力，因为这样他们就能得人归向救主了。他们不该把基督藏匿在心中，好像神圣甘美的宝物专供自己享受；也不该将基督的爱只向那些与自己情投意合的人显示。我们要教导学生效法基督，向那些最需要的人显示亲切的关怀和交往的意向，即使这些人可能不是他们自己所要选择的友伴。不论何时何地，耶稣对人类的家庭都表示慈爱的关怀，并流露出喜乐虔诚的光辉。学生们应当受教跟从救主的脚踪。他们应当受教对年幼的友伴表现出基督般的关怀，同情和爱心，并且努力吸引他们归向耶稣；基督应在他们心中成为活水的泉源，直涌到永生，使一切与他们接触的人都得到振奋。{6T172.3}[12]
§30
Especially should those who have tasted the love of Christ develop their social powers, for in this way they may win souls to the Saviour. Christ should not be hid away in their hearts, shut in as a coveted treasure, sacred and sweet, to be enjoyed solely by themselves; nor should the love of Christ be manifested toward those only who please their fancy. Students are to be taught the Christlikeness of exhibiting a kindly interest, a social disposition, toward those who are in the greatest need, even though these may not be their own chosen companions. At all times and in all places Jesus manifested a loving?interest in the human family and shed about Him the light of a cheerful piety. Students should be taught to follow in His steps. They should be taught to manifest Christian interest, sympathy, and love for their youthful companions, and endeavor to draw them to Jesus; Christ should be in their hearts as a well of water springing up into everlasting life, refreshing all with whom they come in contact.?{6T 172.3}[12]
§31
在他人需要的时候所作的这种甘心仁爱的服务，乃是上帝所看为宝贵的。即使是在校的学生，若忠心于自己的信仰，也能为上帝作活泼的传道士。这一切是需要时间的；但如此使用的时间很有益，因为学生这样做，正是在学习怎样把基督教信仰介绍给世人。{6T173.1}[13]
§32
It is this willing, loving ministry for others in times of necessity that is accounted precious with God. Thus even while attending school, students may, if true to their profession, be living missionaries for God. All this will take time; but the time thus employed is profitably spent, for in this way the student is learning how to present Christianity to the world.?{6T 173.1}[13]
§33
基督并不拒绝与他人的友好交往。当法利赛人和税吏邀请他去赴筵时，祂就应邀而去。在这样的场合里，祂所说出的每句话，对于听的人来说都是活的香气叫人活；因为祂使进餐的时间成了分送许多他们所需要之宝贵功课的机会。基督就是这样教导门徒，应当如何与有信仰和没有信仰的人相处。祂以身作则地教导他们，在参与任何公共场合之时，他们的谈话可以不必与平常在这类场合上所肆意谈论的话相同。{6T173.2}[14]
§34
Christ did not refuse to mingle with others in friendly intercourse. When invited to a feast by Pharisee or publican, He accepted the invitation. On such occasions every word that He uttered was a savor of life unto life to His hearers; for He made the dinner hour an occasion of imparting many precious lessons adapted to their needs. Christ thus taught His disciples how to conduct themselves when in the company of those who were not religious as well as of those who were. By His own example He taught them that, when attending any public gathering, their conversation need not be of the same character as that usually indulged in on such occasions.?{6T 173.2}[14]
§35
学生们在餐桌上就餐之时，若是有基督住在心里，就必从心的宝库，发出纯洁高尚的言语；若是没有基督住在心里，那里就必发生轻浮戏谑，玩笑取乐，这是妨碍灵性成长，并且使上帝的天使忧伤的。舌头是最难制伏的恶物，其实不应该如此。应当使舌头悔改；因为讲话也是一种极宝贵的恩赐。基督总是随时分赐祂的富足，我们应当收集祂所赐与的珠宝，这样，从我们口中出来的言语就字字珠玑了。{6T173.3}[15]
§36
When students sit at the table, if Christ is abiding in the soul there will come forth from the treasure house of the heart words which are pure and uplifting; if Christ is not abiding there, a satisfaction will be found in frivolity, in jesting and joking, which is a hindrance to spiritual growth and a cause of grief to the angels of God. The tongue is an unruly member, but it should not be so. It should be converted; for the talent of speech is a very?precious talent. Christ is ever ready to impart of His riches, and we should gather the jewels that come from Him, that, when we speak, these jewels may drop from our lips.?{6T 173.3}[15]
§37
脾气、个人特性，发展为品格的习惯──在家中所行的一切，都会在人生的一切交往中表现出来。人心中的倾向若被遵从了，就会产生同样性质的思想，言语和行为。如果组成学校家庭的每一学生，肯尽力约束一切不仁无礼之言，而说尊重大家的话；如果他牢记着自己是在预备作天家之一分子；如果由圣洁的哨兵来监守他的感化力，使之不从基督分散；如果他要尽力使自己生平的每一行为，能宣扬那召他出黑暗入奇妙光明者的美德，那么，从各个学校宿舍中所发出的，将是何等改良的影响力啊！{6T174.1}[16]
§38
The temper, the personal peculiarities, the habits from which character is developed—everything practiced in the home will reveal itself in all the associations of life. The inclinations followed will work out in thoughts, in words, in acts of the same character. If every student composing the school family would make an effort to restrain all unkind and uncourteous words, and speak with respect to all; if he would bear in mind that he is preparing to become a member of the heavenly family; if he would guard his influence by sacred sentinels, that it should not scatter away from Christ; if he would endeavor to have every act of his life show forth the praises of Him who has called him out of darkness into His marvelous light, what a reformatory influence would go forth from every school home!?{6T 174.1}[16]
§39
【宗教活动】
§40
在我们学校宿舍所表现的一切教育特色中，宗教活动乃是最重要的。应当以最严肃最敬畏的态度来对待这些训练，但又当尽量使它们愉快。不可延长太久，使人厌倦，因为那样会给青年人一种印象，使他们以为宗教是枯燥无趣的；许多人会被引诱，去将他的影响力倾于仇敌的一边，其实这些人若蒙适当的教导，就可造福世人及教会。安息日的聚会，在宿舍及礼拜堂中的早晚礼拜，若非有聪明的安排及有上帝圣灵的活泼的力量，就会成为学校的一切活动中徒具形式，不快乐，不动人，及令青少年最厌烦的。祷告见证聚会，以及一切宗教活动，都当有最好的计划与管理，以致它们不但是有益处，同时也是积极动人，令人十分欣慰愉快的。祈祷会要使大家的心与上帝持久相联；公开地勇于承认基督，在我们的品格上表现祂的温柔，谦卑，与仁爱，就可使别人也受圣洁之美的薰陶。{6T174.2}[17]
§41
【Religious Exercises】
§42
Of all the features of an education to be given in our school homes the religious exercises are the most important. They should be treated with the greatest solemnity and reverence, yet all the pleasantness possible should be brought into them. They should not be prolonged till they become wearisome, for the impression thus made upon the minds of the youth will cause them to associate religion with all that is dry and uninteresting; and many will be led to cast their influence on the side of the enemy, who, if properly taught, would become a blessing to the world and to the church. The Sabbath meetings, the morning and evening service in the home and in the chapel, unless wisely planned and vitalized by the Spirit?of God, may become the most formal, unpleasant, unattractive, and to the youth the most burdensome, of all the school exercises. The social meetings and all other religious exercises should be so planned and managed that they will be not only profitable, but so pleasant as to be positively attractive. Praying together will bind hearts to God in bonds that will endure; confessing Christ openly and bravely, exhibiting in our characters His meekness, humility, and love, will charm others with the beauty of holiness.?{6T 174.2}[17]
§43
在这一切的场合上，应当把基督表现为“超乎万人之上，”“全然可爱”（歌5:10,16）。应当彰显祂为一切真快乐与满足之源，各种善良全备恩赐之赏赐者，万福之根源，我们大家永生希望所寄之主。在每一次宗教活动中，应当以上帝的爱及基督徒经验的喜乐，来表现它们的真正美好。要把救主表现为救我们脱离一切犯罪后果的恢复者。{6T175.1}[18]
§44
On all these occasions Christ should be set forth as “the chiefest among ten thousand,” the One “altogether lovely.”?Song of Solomon 5:10, 16. He should be presented as the Source of all true pleasure and satisfaction, the Giver of every good and perfect gift, the Author of every blessing, the One in whom all our hopes of eternal life are centered. In every religious exercise let the love of God and the joy of the Christian experience appear in their true beauty. Present the Saviour as the restorer from every effect of sin.?{6T 175.1}[18]
§45
要实现这种效果，必须避免一切狭窄的观念。必须有诚挚、恳切、及专一的心。教师们必须有热心、活泼的敬虔。有一种能力是我们若肯拥有便可得到的。有一种恩典是我们若肯感激就可享有的。圣灵正在等候我们的要求，只要我们能照自己追寻之目标的价值，用与之相称的决心去要求，就可得到了。天上的使者正在注意我们的一切工作，并留心注意看自己能怎样服事每一位，好使之在品格上返照基督的样式，并且变得与那神圣的形像相符。何时那些负责我们学校宿舍的人，能重视那置于他们范围之内的特权与机会，他们就会为上帝作一番可蒙上天嘉许的工作了。{6T175.2}[19]
§46
To accomplish this result all narrowness must be avoided. Sincere, earnest, heartfelt devotion will be needed. Ardent, active piety in the teachers will be essential. But there is power for us if we will have it. There is grace for us if we will appreciate it. The Holy Spirit is waiting our demand if we will only demand it with that intensity of purpose which is proportionate to the value of the object we seek. Angels of heaven are taking notice of all our work and are watching to see how they can so minister to each one that he will reflect the likeness of Christ in character and become conformed to the divine image. When those in charge of our school homes appreciate the privileges and opportunities placed within their reach, they will do a work for God of which heaven will approve.?{6T 175.2}[19]