第63章 正确的教育
§1
第63章 正确的教育
§2
Chap. 63 - Proper Education
§3
教育的内容不单是书本的知识。正确的教育不仅包括智育，还包括那能获得稳健品行和正确操行的训练。我们非常担心那些把学生接到自己家的人意识不到自己的责任，忽略对这些青年人发挥正确的影响。学生们就这样得不到他们本可在学院得到的所有益处。经常有人问：“‘我岂是看守我兄弟的吗’（创4:9）？我应该对住在我家的学生们如何关心，负什么责任呢？”我回答说：要象对你自己的儿女那样关心。{4T 648.2}[1]
§4
Education comprises more than a knowledge of books. Proper education includes not only mental discipline, but that training which will secure sound morals and correct deportment. We have had many fears that those who take students into their houses will not realize their responsibility and will neglect to exert a proper influence over these youth. Thus students will fail to obtain all the benefit which they might receive at the college. The question too often arises: Am I my brothers keeper? What care, what burden or responsibility, should I have for the students who occupy rooms in our houses? I answer: The very same interest that you have for your own children. {4T 648.2}[1]
§5
基督说：“你们要彼此相爱，象我爱你们一样”（约15:12）。被带到你家中的青年，在主看来与你自己亲爱的孩子们同样宝贵。当青年男女离开家庭软化人折服人的影响时，照顾他们的人就有责任为他们营造家庭的气氛。这样，他们就会补足极大的缺乏，为上帝实实在在地做一项工作，如同传道人在讲台上讲道一样。要在这些学生周围施加一种影响，保守他们远离不道德的试探诱惑，引领他们到耶稣的面前，这是一项会得到上天嘉许的工作。严重的责任落在居住在工作大中心的人们身上，那里有重要的权益要维持。那些选择在巴特尔克里克安家的男男女女应当是有信心，有智慧和虔心祈祷的人。{4T648.3}[2]
§6
Says Christ: Love one another, as I have loved you. The souls of the youth that are brought under your roof are as precious in the eyes of the Lord as are the souls of your own dear children. When young men and women are separated from the softening, subduing influences of the home circle, it is the duty of those who have the care of them to make home influences for them. They would thus supply a great lack and would be doing a work for God as verily as the minister in the desk. To throw around these students an influence which would preserve them from temptations to immorality, and lead them to Jesus, is a work which heaven would approve. Grave responsibilities rest upon those who reside at the great center of the work, where are important interests to be sustained. Those who choose their homes at Battle Creek should be men and women of faith, of wisdom, and of prayer. {4T 648.3}[2]
§7
成百个性格不同，教养各异的青年人进入学校中，要纠正那因教育不当而致崎形发展的心灵，需要细心的照料和百倍的忍耐。一些人从未受教。另一些人则受管束太严，没有细致的手来掌握管束的缰绳，拉得太紧，以致他们希望自由行事。他们厌恶任何管束。集中在我们学校中的这些不同性情的人不仅给教师而且给整个教会带来挂虑和重任。{4T 649.1}[3]
§8
Hundreds of youth of various dispositions and of different education are associated in the school, and great care as well as much patience is required to balance in the right direction minds that have been warped by bad management. Some have never been disciplined, and others have been governed too much, and have felt, when away from the vigilant hands that held the reins of control, perhaps too tightly, that they were free to do as they pleased. They despise the very thought of restraint. These varying elements brought together in our college bring care, burdens, and weighty responsibility, not only upon teachers, but on the entire church. {4T 649.1}[3]
§9
我们学校的学生面临种种试探，他们要与各种品质和性格的人接触。那些有宗教经验的人若不使自己置身于抵挡试探的地位上，就应受到责备。但是许多人仍愿随从爱好，他们没有想到他们能创造或破坏自己的幸福。善用光阴和机会，来造就那使他们幸福有为的品格，是他们力所能及的事。{4T 649.2}[4]
§10
The students at our college are exposed to manifold temptations. They will be brought in contact with individuals of almost every stamp of mind and morals. Those who have any religious experience are censurable if they do not place themselves in a position to resist every evil influence. But many choose to follow inclination. They do not consider that they must make or mar their own happiness. It is in their own power to so improve their time and opportunities as to develop a character that will make them happy and useful. {4T 649.2}[4]
§11
居住在巴特尔克里克的青年不断地处在危险当中，因为他们没有与上天连络。他们若愿意忠于自己的信仰，就可成为为上帝而活的传道士。他们可以藉着彰显基督的关怀，同情和仁爱，使那些从其他地方来到巴特尔克里克的青年大得益处。应当切心努力，保守这些外来的人远避肤浅，轻浮，贪图享乐的友伴。这类人对学院，疗养院和出版社发挥了一种败德的不良影响。我们的人数正在不断增加，警觉性和热情却在日益下降。大家如果睁开自己的眼睛，就可以看到这些情况的发展趋势。{4T 649.3}[5]
§12
The youth who reside at Battle Creek are in constant danger because they do not connect with heaven. If they would be true to their profession they might be living missionaries for God. By manifesting Christian interest, sympathy, and love, they might greatly benefit the youth who come to Battle Creek from other places. An earnest effort should be made to keep these strangers from choosing superficial, frivolous, pleasure-seeking associates. This class exert a demoralizing influence upon the college, upon the sanitarium, and upon the office of publication. Our numbers are constantly increasing, and vigilance and zeal to keep the fort are steadily decreasing. If they will open their eyes, all may see whither these things are tending. {4T 649.3}[5]
§13
许多人搬迁到巴特尔克里克是想让自己的孩子在这所学院受益，与此同时，他们却没有认识到在这次搬迁中自己应当承担的责任。他们没有意识到要考虑更多的事情而不是他们自己自私的利益。他们若不怀着行善和受益的完全心志而来，就可能成为一个障碍而不是一个福气。可是谁也不必因来到巴特尔克里克而失去自己的灵性；我们若愿跟随基督，就没有任何势力能引领我们偏离主所修筑要赎民行在其间的道路。没有人被迫重犯自称基督徒之人的错误。他若看到别人的错误和过错，若没有在同胞面前树立一个更好的榜样，就要在上帝的面前承担责任。但有些人却把别人品格的缺点当做自己品格缺陷的藉口，甚至效法他们所谴责的令人反感的特性。这类人使他们所抱怨那些人更加追求非基督徒的行为。他们睁着眼睛走进了敌人的圈套。在巴特尔克里克有相当多的人追求这种行为。有些人怀着赚钱的自私动机来到我们的机构所在地。这类人在言传身教或做榜样方面对青年没有任何帮助。{4T 650.1}[6]
§14
Many move to Battle Creek to give their children the advantages of the college, and at the same time do not feel their own responsibility in making this move. They do not realize that something more is to be considered than their own selfish interest; that they may be a hindrance instead of a blessing, unless they come with the full purpose to do good as well as to get good. Yet none need lose their spirituality in coming to Battle Creek; if we will follow Christ, it is not in the power of any to lead us astray from the path cast up for the ransomed of the Lord to walk in. No one is compelled to copy the errors of professed Christians. If he sees the mistakes and faults of others, he will be responsible before God and before his fellow men if he does not set a better example. But some make the faults of others an excuse for their own defects of character, and even copy the very objectionable traits which they condemn. Such persons strengthen those of whom they complain as pursuing an unchristian course. With their eyes open they walk into the enemys snare. Not a few in Battle Creek have pursued this course. Some have come to the place where our institutions are located, with the selfish motive of making money. This class will be no help to the youth either by precept or example. {4T 650.1}[6]
§15
当青年开始与许多在品格和生活习惯上大不一样的同年龄人来往的时候，他们的危险就大大增加。在这种情况下，许多父母却放松而不是加倍努力来看守管理自己的子女。他们就是这样把重大的责任推给了那些感到有责任的人。当这些父母看见自己的儿女堕落之时，就批评在巴特尔克里在负责工作的人。其实这些恶果是父母们自己的行为所造成的。{4T 650.2}[7]
§16
The dangers of the young are greatly increased as they are thrown into the society of a large number of their own age of varied character and habits of life. Under these circumstances many parents are inclined to relax rather than redouble their own efforts to guard and control their children. Thus they cast a tremendous burden upon those who feel the responsibility. When these parents see that their children are becoming demoralized, they are inclined to find fault with those who have charge of the work at Battle Creek, when the evils have been caused by just such a course as these parents themselves have pursued. {4T 650.2}[7]
§17
许多父母不是与那些负责的人合作，提高道德的标准，以敬畏上帝的心努力纠正儿女们的错误，反而安抚自己的良心说：“我的孩子并不比别人更坏。”他们设法掩盖上帝所憎恶的明显过错，唯恐得罪自己的儿女，使他们铤而走险。其实他们心中若有叛逆的精神，现在制止总胜过纵而不究，使之增强。如果父母们肯尽自己的责任，我们所看到的情况就大不相同了。但在这些父母中，许多已与上帝背道而驰。他们没有从上帝来的智慧，识破撒但的欺骗，避开他的网罗。{4T 650.3}[8]
§18
Instead of uniting with those who bear the burdens, to lift up the standard of morals, and working with heart and soul in the fear of God to correct the wrongs in their children, many parents soothe their own consciences by saying: My children are no worse than others. They seek to conceal the glaring wrongs which God hates, lest their children shall become offended and take some desperate course. If the spirit of rebellion is in their hearts, far better subdue it now than permit it to increase and strengthen by indulgence. If parents would do their duty, we should see a different state of things. Many of these parents have backslidden from God. They do not have wisdom from Him to perceive the devices of Satan and to resist his snares. {4T 650.3}[8]
§19
在这个时代，孩子们应当受到严格看管。应当劝告并管束他们。以利因为没有迅速下决心管束他那两个作恶的儿子而受到上帝的咒诅。巴特尔克里克的父母们现在做的也不比以利好多少。他们害怕管束自己的孩子。他们看到儿女傲慢地侍奉撒但，竟无可奈何地纵容他们，因为无计可施。{4T 651.1}[9]
§20
In this age of the world, children should have strict watchcare. They should be advised and restrained. Eli was cursed of God because he did not promptly and decidedly restrain his wicked sons. There are parents at Battle Creek who are doing no better than did Eli. They are afraid to control their children. They see them serving Satan with a high hand and pass it by as a disagreeable necessity which must be endured because it cannot be cured. {4T 651.1}[9]
§21
每一个儿女如果晚上不在家，父母都要让他们说清楚。父母们应当了解他们的孩子与哪些人作伴，晚上在谁家里。一些孩子用谎言欺骗父母，以求他们的错误行为免遭暴露。有些人与坏朋友作伴，偷偷地到酒吧和城里其他不该去的场所。有些学生到弹子房里去，还有些人玩纸牌，自以为没有害处。他们的目的既是专求娱乐，就觉得十分安全。堕落的还是不只是这等人，一些曾受过细心教育一度厌恶这等娱乐的人也正在冒险踏入禁地。{4T 651.2}[10]
§22
Every son and daughter should be called to account if absent from home at night. Parents should know what company their children are in and at whose house they spend their evenings. Some children deceive their parents with falsehoods to avoid exposure of their wrong course. There are those who seek the society of corrupt companions and secretly visit saloons and other forbidden places of resort in the city. There are students who visit the billiard rooms, and who engage in card playing, flattering themselves that there is no danger. Since their object is merely amusement, they feel perfectly safe. It is not the lower grade alone who do this. Some who have been carefully reared, and educated to look upon such things with abhorrence, are venturing upon the forbidden ground. {4T 651.2}[10]
§23
青年人应受坚定的原则所约束，以便正确地运用上帝所赐的能力。可是他们却非常盲目而毫无原则地随从情感的冲动，常常处在危险之中。他们既不能永远处在父母和监护人的指导和保护之下，所以就需要受自力更生和克己自制的训练。必须教导他们思想和行动都要遵循严正的原则。{4T 651.3}[11]
§24
The young should be controlled by firm principle, that they may rightly improve the powers which God has given them. But youth follow impulse so much and so blindly, without reference to principle, that they are constantly in danger. Since they cannot always have the guidance and protection of parents and guardians they need to be trained to self-reliance and self-control. They must be taught to think and act from conscientious principle. {4T 651.3}[11]
§25
从事学习的人需要休息。心智不可常处于紧张的思索之中，致使精致的心智机器受到耗损。身体和心灵都必须得到活动，但是娱乐方面的节制也是非常必要的，就如在其他的事上一样。我们应当留心而充分地考察这些娱乐的性质。每一个青年人要自问：这些娱乐对身体，精神，道德健康的影响如何呢？我的心会不会留在娱乐中而忘记了上帝呢？我会不会不再以荣耀上帝为念呢？{4T 652.1}[12]
§26
Those who are engaged in study should have relaxation. The mind must not be constantly confined to close thought, for the delicate mental machinery becomes worn. The body as well as the mind must have exercise. But there is great need of temperance in amusements, as in every other pursuit. And the character of these amusements should be carefully and thoroughly considered. Every youth should ask himself: What influence will these amusements have on physical, mental, and moral health? Will my mind become so infatuated as to forget God? shall I cease to have His glory before me? {4T 652.1}[12]
§27
纸牌游戏应当禁止。参与玩牌或希望玩牌都是危险的。在赌场或任何玩牌的地方，黑暗权势的首领都在其中主持。恶天使是这些场所中的常客。这种娱乐对心灵和身体毫无益处，既不会增强智力，又不能给头脑装点将来有用的东西。这种场合的谈话往往是无聊而低级的。耳闻的都是不合宜的俏皮话，低俗、下流的污言秽语，这些只会降低并损毁人性真正的尊严。这些游戏是青年人可能参加的最无意义，最无用，最无益处，最危险的活动。玩纸牌的人会变得越来越兴奋，不久他们就对有用的和使人高尚的事全无兴致了。玩纸牌的技巧不久就会使人想要用这种知识和机智获取个人的利益。先是以小额的金钱进行赌博，然后逐渐增多，终至嗜赌成性，使人彻底败亡。多少人因这种有害的娱乐而致犯罪，贫困，监禁，谋杀和被处绞刑。然而许多父母们却没有看到那向青年人张口的可怕深渊。{4T 652.2}[13]
§28
Card playing should be prohibited. The associations and tendencies are dangerous. The prince of the powers of darkness presides in the gaming room and wherever there is card playing. Evil angels are familiar guests in these places. There is nothing in such amusements beneficial to soul or body. There is nothing to strengthen the intellect, nothing to store it with valuable ideas for future use. The conversation is upon trivial and degrading subjects. There is heard the unseemly jest, the low, vile talk, which lowers and destroys the true dignity of manhood. These games are the most senseless, useless, unprofitable, and dangerous employments the youth can have. Those who engage in card playing become intensely excited and soon lose all relish for useful and elevating occupations. Expertness in handling cards will soon lead to a desire to put this knowledge and tact to some use for personal benefit. A small sum is staked, and then a larger, until a thirst for gaming is acquired, which leads to certain ruin. How many has this pernicious amusement led to every sinful practice, to poverty, to prison, to murder, and to the gallows! And yet many parents do not see the terrible gulf of ruin that is yawning for our youth. {4T 652.2}[13]
§29
剧院是最危险的娱乐场所之一。它不是倡导道德的学校，而是荒淫之事的温床。邪恶的习惯和犯罪的倾向都因这些娱乐而加强了。下流的歌曲和淫荡的姿态、表情、举止能使人思想腐化，道德堕落。凡经常观看这种演出的青年都必在原则上被败坏。在我们国家，没有什么影响力比剧院的娱乐更能毒害思想，毁灭信仰和破坏人们对生活宁静的享乐和严肃现实的欣赏。人们对这些娱乐的胃口会随着每一次放纵而加强，犹如酒瘾随着饮酒加强一样。唯一安全的途径是避开剧院，马戏场以及其他不良的娱乐场所。{4T 652.3}[14]
§30
Among the most dangerous resorts for pleasure is the theater. Instead of being a school of morality and virtue, as is so often claimed, it is the very hotbed of immorality. Vicious habits and sinful propensities are strengthened and confirmed by these entertainments. Low songs, lewd gestures, expressions, and attitudes, deprave the imagination and debase the morals. Every youth who habitually attends such exhibitions will be corrupted in principle. There is no influence in our land more powerful to poison the imagination, to destroy religious impressions, and to blunt the relish for the tranquil pleasures and sober realities of life than theatrical amusements. The love for these scenes increases with every indulgence, as the desire for intoxicating drinks strengthens with its use. The only safe course is to shun the theater, the circus, and every other questionable place of amusement. {4T 652.3}[14]
§31
但有些娱乐方式对于身心都有很大的助益。一个开明和有鉴别力的人必会找到丰富多彩的娱乐方式。其来源非但无害，而且富有教育意义。户外的活动，默想上帝在自然界中的作为，会具有最高的益处。{4T 653.1}[15]
§32
There are modes of recreation which are highly beneficial to both mind and body. An enlightened, discriminating mind will find abundant means for the entertainment and diversion, from sources not only innocent, but instructive. Recreation in the open air, the contemplation of the works of God in nature, will be of highest benefit. {4T 653.1}[15]
§33
那自诸天发出荣光，圣手托着百万世界的伟大上帝，是我们的父亲。我们只要以赤子般的信心爱祂、倚靠祂，祂就收纳我们作祂的儿女，我们也必做祂的后嗣，承受那永恒世界之无可言喻的荣耀。祂必按公平引领谦卑人，将祂的道指教他们。我们若遵祂的旨意而行，乐意而殷勤地学习祂天意的教训，不久祂就必说：孩子，回到我所为你预备的天上住处来吧。{4T 653.2}[16]
§34
The great God, whose glory shines from the heavens, and whose divine hand upholds millions of worlds, is our Father. We have only to love Him, trust in Him, as little children in faith and confidence, and He will accept us as His sons and daughters, and we shall be heirs to all the inexpressible glory of the eternal world. All the meek will He guide in judgment, the meek will He teach His way. If we will walk in obedience to His will, learn cheerfully and diligently the lessons of His providence, by and by He will say: Child, come home to the heavenly mansions I have prepared for you. {4T 653.2}[16]