第17章 埃及的天灾
§1
第17章 埃及的天灾
§2
Chap. 17—The Plagues on Egypt
§3
主对摩西说：“所以你要对以色列人说：‘我是耶和华；我要用伸出来的膀臂重重的刑罚埃及人，救赎你们脱离他们的重担，不做他们的苦工。我要以你们为我的百姓，我也要作你们的上帝。你们要知道我是耶和华你们的上帝，是救你们脱离埃及人之重担的。我起誓应许给亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各的那地，我要把你们领进去，将那地赐给你们为业。我是耶和华。’摩西将这话告诉以色列人，只是他们因苦工愁烦，不肯听他的话。耶和华晓谕摩西说：‘你进去对埃及王法老说，要容以色列人出他的地’”（出6:6-11）。{3SG 203.1}[1]
§4
The Lord said unto Moses, “Wherefore, say unto the children of Israel, I am the Lord, and I will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I will rid you out of their bondage, and I will redeem you with a stretched out arm, and with great judgments. And I will take you to me for a people, and I will be to you a God, and ye shall know that I am the Lord your God, which bringeth you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians. And I will bring you in unto the land, concerning the which I did swear to give it to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, and I will give it you for a heritage. I am the Lord. And Moses spake so unto the children of Israel; but they hearkened not unto Moses for anguish of spirit, and for cruel bondage. And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, Go in, speak unto Pharaoh, king of Egypt, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land.”?{3SG 203.1}[1]
§5
摩西有些灰心。他失望地询问主：既然祢自己受割礼的百姓以色列人都不肯听我的话，未受割礼又拜偶像的法老怎么会听我的话呢？“耶和华对摩西说：‘我使你在法老面前代替上帝，你的哥哥亚伦是替你说话的。凡我所吩咐你的，你都要说。你的哥哥亚伦要对法老说，容以色列人出他的地。我要使法老的心刚硬，也要在埃及地多行神迹奇事。但法老必不听你们；我要伸手重重的刑罚埃及，将我的军队以色列民从埃及地领出来。我伸手攻击埃及，将以色列人从他们中间领出来的时候，埃及人就要知道我是耶和华。’摩西、亚伦这样行；耶和华怎样吩咐他们，他们就照样行了”（出7:1-6）。{3SG 203.2}[2]
§6
Moses was somewhat discouraged. In his despondency he inquired of the Lord, If the children of Israel, thine own circumcised people, will not hearken unto me, how then shall Pharaoh, who is uncircumcised, and an idolater, hear me? “And the Lord said unto Moses, See, I have made thee a God to Pharaoh, and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet. Thou shalt?speak all that I command thee, and Aaron thy brother shall speak unto Pharaoh, that he send the children of Israel out of his land. And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt. But Pharaoh shall not hearken unto you, that I may lay my hand upon Egypt, and bring forth mine armies, and my people, the children of Israel, out of the land of Egypt by great judgments. And the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, when I stretch forth mine hand upon Egypt, and bring out the children of Israel from among them. And Moses and Aaron did as the Lord commanded them, so did they.”?{3SG 203.2}[2]
§7
主告诉摩西，他在法老面前行的神迹奇事会令法老心肠刚硬，因为他不会接受，而上帝则会增多祂的神迹。王所抵制的每一次刑罚都会带来更严密更厉害的惩罚，直到王骄傲的心被降卑，他就会知道天地的创造主是永生全能的上帝。{3SG 204.1}[3]
§8
The Lord told Moses that the signs and wonders which he should show before Pharaoh would harden his heart, because he would not receive them, and God would multiply his signs. Every punishment which the king rejected would bring the next chastisement more close and severe, until the proud heart of the king would be humbled, and he should acknowledge the Maker of the heavens and the earth as the living and all-powerful God.?{3SG 204.1}[3]
§9
上帝用奇特的方式把祂的子民从长期的奴役中解救出来，给了埃及人一个机会来展示他们伟人有限的智慧，表现他们的神反对天上上帝的力量。上帝藉着祂的仆人摩西向他们显示：天地的创造主是永生全能的上帝，超过诸神之上。祂的能力超过最强大的人。全能者用大能的手和伸出来的膀臂把祂的百姓救出来。在法老面前所行的神迹奇事不仅是为了他的好处，也是为上帝子民的益处，使他们对上帝有更清楚更高的认识，以致全以色列人都敬畏祂，甘心乐意离开埃及，选择事奉慈怜的真神。如果没有这些奇迹显现，许多人就会满足于留在埃及，而不肯进入旷野了。{3SG 204.2}[4]
§10
The Lord brought up his people from their long servitude in a signal manner, giving the Egyptians an opportunity to exhibit the feeble wisdom of their mighty men, and array the power of their gods in opposition to the God of Heaven. The Lord showed them by his servant Moses that the Maker of the heavens and the earth is the living and all-powerful?God, above all gods. That his strength was mightier than the strongest—that Omnipotence could bring forth his people with a high hand and with an out-stretched arm. The signs and miracles performed in the presence of Pharaoh were not given for his benefit alone, but for the advantage of God’s people, to give them more clear and exalted views of God, and that all Israel should fear him, and be willing and anxious to leave Egypt, and choose the service of the true and merciful God. Had it not been for these wonderful manifestations, many would have been satisfied to remain in Egypt rather than to journey through the wilderness.?{3SG 204.2}[4]
§11
“摩西、亚伦进去见法老，就照耶和华所吩咐的行。亚伦把杖丢在法老和臣仆面前，杖就变作蛇。于是法老召了博士和术士来；他们是埃及行法术的，也用邪术照样而行。他们各人丢下自己的杖，杖就变作蛇；但亚伦的杖吞了他们的杖。法老心里刚硬，不肯听从摩西、亚伦，正如耶和华所说的”（出7:10-13）。{3SG 205.1}[5]
§12
“And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and they did so as the Lord had commanded; and Aaron cast down his rod before Pharaoh, and before his servants, and it became a serpent. Then Pharaoh also called the wise men and the sorcerers. Now the magicians of Egypt, they also did in like manner with their enchantments; for they cast down every man his rod, and they became serpents; but Aaron’s rod swallowed up their rods. And he hardened Pharaoh’s heart, that he hearkened not unto them, as the Lord had said.”?{3SG 205.1}[5]
§13
术士们借助法术，似乎能做几件与上帝藉摩西和亚伦所做相似的事情。他们并没有真地把杖变成蛇，而是在大骗子的帮助下用魔术把杖变得象蛇，来冒充上帝的作为。撒但帮助他的爪牙抵制至高者的工作，为要欺骗百姓，怂恿他们背逆。法老只要抓住一点证据，就要证明自己抗拒上帝藉摩西和亚伦所做的工作为有理。他对上帝的仆人说，他的术士也能行这些奇迹。上帝的作为与术士们作为的区别在于：一个是出于上帝，另一个是出于撒但。一个是真的，另一个是假的。{3SG 205.2}[6]
§14
The magicians seemed to perform several things with their enchantments similar to those things which God wrought by the hand of Moses and Aaron. They did not really cause their rods to become serpents, but by magic,[6]
§15
法老宣称摩西和亚伦是骗子，所做的不过就是他的术士们所能做的。摩西和亚伦对法老说：你所假装不认识的耶和华，会使你信服祂比诸神更有能力。他们告诉王，上帝还会行更大的奇迹，会让他无可推诿，会成为祂为以色列人的利益施行祂旨意和能力的永久的纪念。{3SG 206.1}[7]
§16
aided by the great deceiver, made them to appear like serpents, to counterfeit the work of God. Satan assisted his servants to resist the work of the Most High, in order to deceive the people, and encourage them in their rebellion. Pharaoh would grasp at the least evidence he could obtain to justify himself in resisting the work of God, performed by Moses and Aaron. He told these servants of God that his magicians could do all these wonders. The difference between the work of God and that of the magicians was, one was of God, the other of Satan. One was true, the other false.?{3SG 205.2}[7]
§17
“耶和华对摩西说：“法老心里固执，不肯容百姓去。明日早晨，他出来往水边去，你要往河边迎接他，手里要拿着那变过蛇的杖，对他说：‘耶和华希伯来人的上帝打发我来见你，说：容我的百姓去，好在旷野事奉我。到如今你还是不听。耶和华这样说：我要用我手里的杖击打河中的水，水就变作血；因此，你必知道我是耶和华。河里的鱼必死，河也要腥臭，埃及人就要厌恶吃这河里的水’”（出7:14-18）。{3SG 206.2}[8]
§18
Pharaoh declared that Moses and Aaron were impostors, and could accomplish no more than his magicians. Said Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh, That Jehovah whom thou pretendest not to know, will convince thee that he is more powerful than all gods. They informed him that God would yet perform greater wonders, which would leave him without excuse, and which would be perpetual monuments of his providence and power in behalf of Israel.?{3SG 206.1}[8]
§19
法老不肯听从摩西和亚伦，反而藐视他们的话，但他却没有能力伤害他们。“摩西、亚伦就照耶和华所吩咐的行。亚伦在法老和臣仆眼前举杖击打河里的水，河里的水都变作血了”（出7:20）。水变血的灾祸持续了七天。可是王仍不自卑，反而硬心不理。摩西和亚伦受命在降灾之前先向法老如实地叙述每一次要降之灾的性质，和灾难的后果，以便他若愿意就可有权避免这些灾难，让以色列人去向他们的上帝献祭。然而王若是不肯顺从上帝的命令，上帝就会继续用惩罚报应他。{3SG 207.1}[9]
§20
“And the Lord said unto Moses, Pharaoh’s heart is hardened. He refuseth to let the people go. Get thee unto Pharaoh in the morning; lo, he goeth out unto the water; and thou shalt stand by the river’s brink against he come; and the rod which was turned to a serpent shalt thou take in thine hand. And thou shalt say unto him, The Lord God of the?Hebrews hath sent me unto thee, saying, Let my people go, that they may serve me in the wilderness; and, behold, hitherto thou wouldest not hear. Thus saith the Lord, In this thou shalt know that I am the Lord. Behold, I will smite with the rod that is in mine hand upon the waters which are in the river, and they shall be turned to blood. And the fish that is in the river shall die, and the river shall stink; and the Egyptians shall loathe to drink of the water of the river.”?{3SG 206.2}[9]
§21
“耶和华吩咐摩西说：你进去见法老，对他说：‘耶和华这样说：容我的百姓去，好事奉我。你若不肯容他们去，我必使青蛙糟蹋你的四境’”（出8:1,2）。{3SG 207.2}[10]
§22
Pharaoh would not listen to Moses and Aaron, but despised their words; yet he had no power to harm them. “And Moses and Aaron did so, as the Lord commanded; and he lifted up the rod, and smote the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh, and in the sight of his servants; and all the waters that were in the river were turned to blood.” For seven days the plague upon the waters continued. Yet the king humbled not himself, but hardened his heart. Moses and Aaron were commanded, first, before bringing the plagues, to faithfully relate to Pharaoh the nature of each plague which was to come, and the effect of the plague, that he might have the privilege of saving himself from it if he chose, by letting the children of Israel go to sacrifice unto God. But if the king should refuse to obey the command of God, then would he still visit him with judgments.?{3SG 207.1}[10]
§23
“亚伦便伸杖在埃及的诸水以上，青蛙就上来，遮满了埃及地。行法术的也用他们的邪术照样而行，叫青蛙上了埃及地。法老召了摩西、亚伦来，说：‘请你们求耶和华使这青蛙离开我和我的民，我就容百姓去祭祀耶和华。’摩西对法老说：‘任凭你吧，我要何时为你和你的臣仆并你的百姓祈求，除灭青蛙离开你和你的宫殿只留在河里呢？’他说：‘明天。’摩西说：‘可以照你的话吧，好叫你知道没有象耶和华我们上帝的’”（出8:6-10）。{3SG 208.1}[11]
§24
“And the Lord spake unto Moses, Go unto Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus saith the?Lord, Let my people go, that they may serve me. And if thou refuse to let them go, behold, I will smite all thy borders with frogs.”?{3SG 207.2}[11]
§25
尽管术士们看似也象摩西亚伦一样造出了青蛙，但他们却不能除灭这些青蛙。法老看到术士不能止住灾祸，也不能除灭青蛙，便多少有几分谦卑了。他开始对他所自称完全不认识的上帝有所了解了。摩西和亚伦已告诉法老，他们并不是用魔术或他们所拥有的任何能力造出青蛙的；而是永生的上帝用祂的能力使这些青蛙出现的，而且惟有祂才能除灭它们。此前，法老曾在摩西和亚伦面前感到狂喜，因为术士们也能用他们的邪术使同样的事出现。及至他请摩西为他恳求上帝时，摩西便提醒他从前因术士们所行的而有的傲慢自夸和自豪；并问法老，他如今的自豪在哪里，那些术士消灾的能力在哪里？{3SG 208.2}[12]
§26
“And Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt, and the frogs came up, and covered the land of Egypt. And the magicians did so with their enchantments, and brought up frogs upon the land of Egypt. Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron, and said, Entreat the Lord that he may take away the frogs from me, and from my people, and I will let the people go, that they may do sacrifice unto the Lord. And Moses said unto Pharaoh, Glory over me. When shall I entreat for thee, and for thy servants, and for thy people, to destroy the frogs from thee and thy houses, that they may remain in the river only? And he said, Tomorrow. And he said, Be it according to thy word, that thou mayest know that there is none like unto the Lord our God.”?{3SG 208.1}[12]
§27
主听了摩西的恳求，止住了蛙灾。王见到自己的急难解除了，便又顽梗地拒绝放以色列人走。摩西和亚伦便奉主的命令使地上的尘土在埃及遍地变成虱子。法老叫术士们站在他面前，用法术做同样的事，他们却是不能。上帝的仆人摩西和亚伦奉祂的命令引起虱灾。撒但的仆役术士们奉他的命令设法用他们的邪术造出同样的东西，却是不能。这就显明了上帝的作为高过撒但的能力；因为术士们用他们的妖术只能行很少的事。当术士们看到自己造不出虱子时，便对法老说：“‘这是上帝的手段。’法老心里刚硬，不肯听摩西、亚伦，正如耶和华所说的”（出8:19）。{3SG 209.1}[13]
§28
Although the magicians appeared to produce frogs like Moses and Aaron, they could not remove them. When Pharaoh saw that the magicians could not stay the plague, or remove the frogs, he was somewhat humbled, and would have Moses and Aaron entreat the Lord for him, to remove the plague of the frogs. He was beginning to know something about that God whom he professed to be wholly ignorant of. Moses and Aaron had told Pharaoh that they did not produce the frogs by magic, or by any power they?possessed; that God, the living God, had caused them to come by his power, and that he alone could remove them. Previous to this, Pharaoh had exulted over Moses and Aaron, because the magicians could cause the same things to appear with their enchantments. And when he asked Moses to entreat the Lord for him, he reminded him of his former haughty boasting and glorying because of the works performed by his magicians; and he asked Pharaoh where was now his glorying over him, and where was the power of those magicians to remove the plague.?{3SG 208.2}[13]
§29
主再次吩咐摩西亚伦去对法老说：“‘容我的百姓去，好事奉我。你若不容我的百姓去，我要叫成群的苍蝇到你和你臣仆并你百姓的身上，进你的房屋，并且埃及人的房屋和他们所住的地都要满了成群的苍蝇。当那日，我必分别我百姓所住的歌珊地，使那里没有成群的苍蝇，好叫你知道我是天下的耶和华。我要将我的百姓和你的百姓分别出来。明天必有这神迹。’耶和华就这样行。苍蝇成了大群，进入法老的宫殿，和他臣仆的房屋；埃及遍地就因这成群的苍蝇败坏了。法老召了摩西、亚伦来，说：‘你们去，在这地祭祀你们的上帝吧！’摩西说：‘这样行本不相宜，因为我们要把埃及人所厌恶的祭祀耶和华我们的上帝；若把埃及人所厌恶的在他们眼前献为祭，他们岂不拿石头打死我们吗？我们要往旷野去，走三天的路程，照着耶和华我们上帝所要吩咐我们的祭祀祂’”（出8:20-27）。{3SG 210.1}[14]
§30
The Lord listened to the entreaties of Moses, and stayed the plague of the frogs. When the king was relieved of his immediate distress, he again stubbornly refused to let Israel go. Moses and Aaron, at the commandment of the Lord, caused the dust of the land to become lice throughout all the land of Egypt. Pharaoh called the magicians to stand before him to do the same with their enchantments, but they could not. Moses and Aaron, the servants of God, at his command, produced the plague of the lice. The magicians, the servants of Satan, at his command tried to produce the same with their enchantments, but could not. The work of God was shown superior to the power of Satan; for the magicians with their enchantments could perform but a few things. When the magicians saw that they could not produce the lice, they said unto Pharaoh, “This is the finger of God.?And Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them, as the Lord had said.”?{3SG 209.1}[14]
§31
埃及人敬拜某些牲畜，若是杀掉这些牲畜中的一只，就会被他们视为不可饶恕的过犯。要是他们的敬拜对象被杀掉一只，即使是意外，也要因此让那人偿命。摩西向法老说明他们不可能在埃及地在埃及人面前向上帝献祭，因为他们可能会选埃及人认为神圣的某只牲畜牲畜献上。{3SG 211.1}[15]
§32
The Lord again commanded Moses and Aaron to say unto Pharaoh, “Let my people go, that they may serve me; else, if thou wilt not let my people go, behold, I will send swarms of flies upon thee, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, and into the houses, and the houses of the Egyptians shall be full of swarms of flies, and also the ground whereon they are. And I will sever in that day the land of Goshen, in which my people dwell, that no swarms of flies shall be there, to the end thou mayest know that I am the Lord in the midst of the earth. And I will put a division between my people and thy people. Tomorrow shall this sign be. And the Lord did so. And there came a grievous swarm of flies into the house of Pharaoh, and into his servants’ houses, and into all the land of Egypt. The land was corrupted by reason of the swarms of flies. And Pharaoh called for Moses and for Aaron, and said, Go ye, sacrifice to your God in the land. And Moses said, It is not meet so to do; for we shall sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians to the Lord our God. Lo, shall we sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians before their eyes, and will they not stone us? We will go three days’ journey into the wilderness, and sacrifice to the Lord our God as he shall command us.”?{3SG 210.1}[15]
§33
摩西再次提议走三天的路程到旷野去。王还在上帝之手的惩戒下时同意了。“法老说：‘我容你们去，在旷野祭祀耶和华你们的上帝；只是不要走得很远。求你们为我祈祷。’摩西说：‘我要出去求耶和华，使成群的苍蝇明天离开法老和法老的臣仆并法老的百姓；法老却不可再行诡诈，不容百姓去祭祀耶和华。’于是摩西离开法老去求耶和华。耶和华就照摩西的话行，叫成群的苍蝇离开法老和他的臣仆并他的百姓，一个也没有留下。这一次法老又硬着心，不容百姓去”（出8:28-32）。{3SG 211.2}[16]
§34
The Egyptians worshiped certain beasts, and they regarded it an unpardonable offense to have one of these beasts slain. And if one of their objects of worship were slain, even accidentally, the person’s life alone could answer for the offense. Moses shows Pharaoh the impossibility of their sacrificing to God in the land of Egypt, in the sight of the Egyptians, for they might select for their offering some one of the beasts which they considered sacred.?{3SG 211.1}[16]
§35
耶和华吩咐摩西和亚伦再去见法老，并告诉他：“耶和华希伯来人的上帝这样说：容我的百姓去，好事奉我”（出9:1）。要是他不肯容他们去，仍旧强留他们，埃及人的牲畜就要遭殃。“耶和华要分别以色列的牲畜和埃及的牲畜，凡属以色列人的，一样都不死”（出9:4）。埃及的牲畜都遭灾死了，但以色列人的牲畜却一个都没有死。法老打发人去看以色列人的牲畜有没有死。报信的人回来禀告王说，以色列人的牲畜一个都没有死，也没有遭灾。可是法老的心刚硬，还是不肯容以色列人去。{3SG 211.3}[17]
§36
Moses again proposed to go three days’ journey into the wilderness. The king consented while under the chastening hand of God. “And Pharaoh said, I will let you go, that ye may sacrifice to the Lord your God in the wilderness; only ye shall not go very far away. Entreat for me. And Moses said, Behold, I go out from thee, and I will entreat the Lord that the swarms of flies may depart from Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his people, tomorrow; but let not Pharaoh deal deceitfully any more in not letting the people go to sacrifice to the Lord. And Moses went from Pharaoh and entreated the Lord. And the Lord did according to the word of Moses; and he removed the swarms of flies from Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his people. There remained not one. And Pharaoh hardened his heart at this time also, neither would he let the people go.”?{3SG 211.2}[17]
§37
于是摩西亚伦按照上帝的吩咐，“取了炉灰，站在法老面前。摩西向天扬起来，就在人身上和牲畜身上成了起泡的疮。行法术的在摩西面前站立不住，因为在他们身上和一切埃及人身上都有这疮。耶和华使法老的心刚硬，不听他们，正如耶和华对摩西所说的”（出9:10-12）。{3SG 212.1}[18]
§38
And the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron to go again before Pharaoh and tell him, “Thus?saith the Lord God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me.” And if he should refuse to let them go, and should hold them still, the plague should be upon their cattle. “And the Lord shall sever between the cattle of Israel and the cattle of Egypt, and there shall nothing die of all that is the children of Israel’s.” And all the cattle died that were visited with the plague, but not one of the cattle of the Hebrews died. And Pharaoh sent messengers to inquire if any of the cattle of the Israelites were dead. The messenger returned to the king with the word that not one of them had died, neither were they afflicted at all with the plague. Yet his heart was hardened, and he refused to let Israel go.?{3SG 211.3}[18]
§39
行法术的用尽他们一切的巫术和假想的能力，都不能用他们的邪术保护自己不受严重的疮灾。他们在摩西和亚伦面前站立不住，因为他们也遭受了这种严重的苦难。埃及人就这样蒙允许看明他们倚靠术士们自夸的能力是多么无用，术士们连自己的身体也不能保护免灾。{3SG 212.2}[19]
§40
Then Moses and Aaron, according to the command of God, “took ashes of the furnace, and stood before Pharaoh; and Moses sprinkled it up toward heaven, and it became a boil breaking forth with blains upon man, and upon beast. And the magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boil, for the boil was upon the magicians, and upon all the Egyptians. And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he hearkened not unto them, as the Lord had spoken unto Moses.”?{3SG 212.1}[19]
§41
“耶和华对摩西说：‘你清早起来，站在法老面前，对他说：“耶和华希伯来人的上帝这样说：容我的百姓去，好事奉我。因为这一次我要叫一切的灾殃临到你和你臣仆并你百姓的身上，叫你知道在普天下没有象我的。我若伸手用瘟疫攻击你和你的百姓，你早就从地上除灭了。其实，我叫你存立，是特要向你显我的大能，并要使我的名传遍天下。你还向我的百姓自高，不容他们去吗？到明天约在这时候，我必叫重大的冰雹降下，自从埃及开国以来，没有这样的冰雹。现在你要打发人把你的牲畜和你田间一切所有的催进来；凡在田间不收回家的，无论是人是牲畜，冰雹必降在他们身上，他们就必死。”’法老的臣仆中，惧怕耶和华这话的，便叫他的奴仆和牲畜跑进家来。但那不把耶和华这话放在心上的，就将他的奴仆和牲畜留在田里。耶和华对摩西说：‘你向天伸杖，使埃及遍地的人身上和牲畜身上，并田间各样菜蔬上，都有冰雹。’摩西向天伸杖，耶和华就打雷下雹，有火闪到地上；耶和华下雹在埃及地上”（出9:13-23）。{3SG 213.1}[20]
§42
The magicians with all their magic, and supposed power, could not, by any of their enchantments, shield themselves from the grievous plague of the boils. They could no longer stand before Moses and Aaron, because of this?grievous affliction. The Egyptians were thus permitted to see how useless it would be for them to put their trust in the boasted power of the magicians, when they could not save even their own bodies from the plagues.?{3SG 212.2}[20]
§43
听上帝话的人把牲口赶到谷仓和屋里，而那些心地刚硬的人象法老一样，把牲口放在田里。这样就有机会证明埃及人的傲慢，并显明有多少人的心，真正因上帝对祂子民的奇妙作为而受到触动。这些人本是他们所藐视所苦待的。“那时，雹与火搀杂，甚是厉害，自从埃及成国以来，遍地没有这样的。在埃及遍地，雹击打了田间所有的人和牲畜，并一切的菜蔬，又打坏田间一切的树木。惟独以色列人所住的歌珊地没有冰雹。法老打发人召摩西、亚伦来，对他们说：‘这一次我犯了罪了。耶和华是公义的；我和我的百姓是邪恶的。这雷轰和冰雹已经够了。请你们求耶和华，我就容你们去，不再留住你们。’摩西对他说：‘我一出城，就要向耶和华举手祷告；雷必止住，也不再有冰雹，叫你知道全地都是属耶和华的。至于你和你的臣仆，我知道你们还是不惧怕耶和华上帝。’那时，麻和大麦被雹击打；因为大麦已经吐穗，麻也开了花。只是小麦和粗麦没有被击打，因为还没有长成”（出9:24-32）。{3SG 214.1}[21]
§44
“And the Lord said unto Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus saith the Lord God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me. For I will at this time send all my plagues upon thine heart, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, that thou mayest know that there is none like me in all the earth. For now I will stretch out my hand, that I may smite thee and thy people with pestilence, and thou shalt be cut off from the earth. And in very deed for this cause have I raised thee up, for to show in thee my power, and that my name may be declared throughout all the earth. As yet exaltest thou thyself against my people, that thou wilt not let them go? Behold, tomorrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as hath not been in Egypt since the foundation thereof even until now. Send therefore now, and gather thy cattle, and all that thou hast in the field, for upon every man and beast which shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die. He that feared the word of the Lord among the servants of Pharaoh made his servants and his cattle flee into the houses.?And he that regarded not the word of the Lord left his servants and his cattle in the field. And the Lord said unto Moses, Stretch forth thine hand toward heaven, that there may be hail in all the land of Egypt, upon man, and upon beast, and upon every herb of the field, throughout the land of Egypt. And Moses stretched forth his rod toward heaven, and the Lord sent thunder and hail, and the fire ran along upon the ground; and the Lord rained hail upon the land of Egypt.”?{3SG 213.1}[21]
§45
灾祸止住之后，王便不肯容以色列人去了。反抗引起反抗。王因不断反对上帝的旨意而变得那么刚硬，以致他全身心地反抗上帝神能的可怕表现了。{3SG 215.1}[22]
§46
Those who regarded the word of the Lord gathered their cattle into barns and houses, while those whose hearts were hardened, like Pharaoh’s, left their cattle in the field. Here was an opportunity to test the exalted pride of the Egyptians, and to show the number whose hearts were really affected by the wonderful dealings of God with his people, whom they had despised and cruelly entreated. “So there was hail, and fire mingled with the hail, very grievous, such as there was none like it in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation. And the hail smote throughout all the land of Egypt all that was in the field, both man and beast. And the hail smote every herb of the field, and brake every tree of the field. Only in the land of Goshen, where the children of Israel were, was there no hail. And Pharaoh sent, and called for Moses and Aaron, and said unto them, I have sinned this time. The Lord is righteous, and I and my people are wicked. Entreat the Lord (for it is enough) that there?be no more mighty thunderings and hail, and I will let you go, and ye shall stay no longer. And Moses said unto him, As soon as I am gone out of the city, I will spread abroad my hands unto the Lord, and the thunder shall cease, neither shall there be any more hail, that thou mayest know how that the earth is the Lord’s. But as for thee and thy servants, I know that ye will not yet fear the Lord God. And the flax and the barley was smitten, for the barley was in the ear, and the flax was bolled. But the wheat and the rye were not smitten, for they were not grown up.”?{3SG 214.1}[22]
§47
摩西和亚伦奉命再次去见法老，要容以色列人去。主告诉他们，祂容王抵抗他们，并且容忍了持续的反抗，好在他面前和以色列人面前显出祂的大神迹和奇事，“要叫你将我向埃及人所做的事，和在他们中间所行的神迹，传于你儿子和你孙子的耳中，好叫你们知道我是耶和华”（出10:2）。{3SG 215.2}[23]
§48
After the plague was stayed, the king refused to let Israel go. Rebellion produces rebellion. The king had become so hardened with his continual opposition to the will of God, that his whole being rose in rebellion to the awful exhibitions of his divine power.?{3SG 215.1}[23]
§49
主在这里显明祂的能力，是要坚固祂的子民以色列人对祂是永生的真神上帝的信心。祂要给他们明显的证据，证明祂在埃及人和祂百姓之间所设的差别。祂拯救他们的奇妙作为应当使列邦都知道：尽管他们曾受苦工压迫，曾受人藐视，但祂已拣选他们作祂特选的子民，祂为了拯救他们，愿意以奇妙的方式为他们行事。{3SG 215.3}[24]
§50
Moses and Aaron were commanded to again go in unto Pharaoh, and request him to let Israel go. The Lord tells them that he has suffered the king to resist them, and has borne with his continual rebellion, that he might show his great signs and wonders before him, and before the children of Israel, “that thou mayest tell in the ears of thy son, and of thy son’s son, what things I have wrought in Egypt, and my signs which I have done among them, that ye may know how that I am the Lord.”?{3SG 215.2}[24]
§51
摩西和亚伦顺从了上帝的命令，对王讲了上帝即将降在他身上的严重灾祸的性质；要是他不肯容以色列人去，祂就要使蝗虫进入埃及境内，遮满地面，并且吃冰雹所剩下的东西。王得蒙允许作出选择——是在上帝面前自卑并容以色列人去，还是拒绝并遭受的灾难的结果。{3SG 216.1}[25]
§52
Here the Lord was manifesting his power to confirm the faith of his people Israel in him?as being the only true and living God. He would give them unmistakable evidences of the difference he placed between the Egyptians and his people. His wonderful works in their deliverance should cause all nations to know that although they had been bound down by hard labor, and had been despised, yet he had chosen them as his peculiar people, and that he would work for their deliverance in a wonderful manner.?{3SG 215.3}[25]
§53
“法老的臣仆对法老说：这人为我们的网罗要到几时呢？容这些人去事奉耶和华他们的上帝吧！埃及已经败坏了，你还不知道吗”（出10:7）？王的官长或谋士被称为他的臣仆，因为都在法老手下。他们劝王容以色列人去。他们跟他讲，他们因牲畜的死已遭受了大损失，埃及几乎被闪电毁掉了。雹与火搀杂，将林木击倒，果实和他们几乎所有的庄稼都毁坏了；一切都处在破败的状态，他们正在损失曾藉希伯来人的苦工所得到的一切。于是王把摩西和亚伦再召了来，对他们说：“‘你们去事奉耶和华你们的上帝；但那要去的是谁呢？’摩西说：‘我们要和我们老的少的、儿子女儿同去，且把羊群牛群一同带去，因为我们务要向耶和华守节。’法老对他们说：‘我容你们和你们妇人孩子去的时候，耶和华与你们同在吧！你们要谨慎；因为有祸在你们眼前（或作：你们存着恶意），不可都去！你们这壮年人去事奉耶和华吧，因为这是你们所求的。’于是把他们从法老面前撵出去”（出10:8-11）。{3SG 216.2}[26]
§54
Moses and Aaron obeyed the command of God, and related to the king the nature of the grievous plague which God was about to send upon him; that if he would not let Israel go, he would bring locusts into the coasts of Egypt, which would cover the face of the earth, and would eat the residue of that which escaped the hail. The king was permitted to choose—to humble himself before God, and let Israel go, or refuse and suffer the effects of the plague.?{3SG 216.1}[26]
§55
王对摩西和亚伦的回答表明他轻视上帝的命令。要是你们的上帝愿意，就这样要求你们吧，你们要是带着孩子去，我就不让你们去。你们的孩子不必与你们一同上路。难道你们的上帝以为我会做这种事，竟让你们的和你们的妻子孩子一起到旷野去行那么危险的路吗？我不会这么做的，而会只让你们男人去侍奉耶和华。这个心肠刚硬欺压人的王如今竟假装特别关心希伯来人的福利，温慈地顾念他们的孩子。他从前曾企图用苦工除灭以色列人；如今为了达到他自己的目的，竟表示很是特别关心他们，并向摩西和亚伦明说不应该听从上帝，因为祂竟要求他们做和他们的家人一起到旷野去这种事；因为祂带他们出去只是要毁灭他们，他们的尸体肯定会倒在旷野里。{3SG 217.1}[27]
§56
“And Pharaoh’s servants said unto him, How long shall this man be a snare unto us? Let the men go, that they may serve the Lord their God. Knowest thou not yet that Egypt is destroyed?” The king’s rulers or counselors were called his servants, because they were under Pharaoh. They entreated the king to let Israel go. They related to him that they had sustained great loss by the death of their cattle, and that Egypt was nearly ruined by lightning. And the hail mingled with fire, had broken down their forests, and had?destroyed their fruit, and nearly all their grain; that everything was in a ruinous condition, and that they were losing all that they had gained through the labor of the Hebrews. The king sent for Moses and Aaron, and he said unto them. “Go serve the Lord your God; but who are they that shall go? And Moses said, We will go with our young and with our old, with our sons and with our daughters, with our flocks and with our herds will we go; for we must hold a feast unto the Lord. And he said unto them. Let the Lord be so with you, as I will let you go, and your little ones. Look to it, for evil is before you. Not so. Go now ye that are men, and serve the Lord, for that ye did desire. And they were driven out from Pharaoh’s presence.”?{3SG 216.2}[27]
§57
“耶和华对摩西说：‘你向埃及地伸杖，使蝗虫到埃及地上来，吃地上一切的菜蔬，就是冰雹所剩的。’摩西就向埃及地伸杖，那一昼一夜，耶和华使东风刮在埃及地上；到了早晨，东风把蝗虫刮了来。蝗虫上来，落在埃及的四境，甚是厉害；以前没有这样的，以后也必没有。因为这蝗虫遮满地面，甚至地都黑暗了，又吃地上一切的菜蔬和冰雹所剩树上的果子。埃及遍地，无论是树木，是田间的菜蔬，连一点青的也没有留下。于是法老急忙召了摩西、亚伦来，说：‘我得罪耶和华你们的上帝，又得罪了你们。现在求你，只这一次，饶恕我的罪，求耶和华你们的上帝使我脱离这一次的死亡’”（出10:12-17）。埃及人担心蝗虫吃尽田野的一切之后，甚至会袭击他们，把他们也吞灭。{3SG 218.1}[28]
§58
The king shows his contempt of God’s command by his answer to Moses and Aaron. Let your God require this of you if he will, for you to take your little ones, I will not let you go. Your little children are not needed in your journey. Does your God think I will do this thing, and let you go with your wives and little children into the wilderness upon so dangerous an expedition to them? I will not do this, but only you that are men shall go to serve the Lord. This hard-hearted, oppressive king would now pretend to the Hebrews that he had a special interest in their welfare, and a tender care for their little ones. He had tried to destroy the Israelites with hard labor; but now, to serve his own purpose, professes?to have a very special care for them, and plainly declares to Moses and Aaron that God, who would require such a thing as for them to go with their families into the wilderness, should not be obeyed; for he would only lead them out to destroy them, and their bodies would certainly lie in the wilderness.?{3SG 217.1}[28]
§59
“摩西就离开法老去求耶和华。耶和华转了极大的西风，把蝗虫刮起，吹入红海；在埃及的四境连一个也没有留下。但耶和华使法老的心刚硬，不容以色列人去”（出10:18-20）。法老在受到死亡威胁的时候虽然谦卑了，并且答应容以色列人去，但灾祸解除之后，他又硬着心肠不容他们去了。{3SG 219.1}[29]
§60
“And the Lord said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every herb of the land, even all that the hail hath left. And Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt, and the Lord brought an east wind upon the land all that day, and all that night; and when it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts. And the locusts went up over all the land of Egypt, and rested in all the coasts of Egypt; very grievous were they. Before them there were no such locusts as they, neither after them shall be such. For they covered the face of the whole earth, so that the land was darkened. And they did eat every herb of the land, and all the fruit of the trees which the hail had left; and there remained not any green thing in the trees, or in the herbs of the field through all the land of Egypt. Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron in haste. And he said, I have sinned against the Lord your God, and against you. Now, therefore, forgive, I pray thee, my sin only this once, and entreat the Lord your God, that he may take away from me this death only.” The Egyptians?were afraid that after the locusts had eaten everything in the field, they would even attack the people of Egypt and devour them.?{3SG 218.1}[29]
§61
“耶和华对摩西说：‘你向天伸杖，使埃及地黑暗；这黑暗似乎摸得着。’摩西向天伸杖，埃及遍地就乌黑了三天。三天之久，人不能相见，谁也不敢起来离开本处；惟有以色列人家中都有亮光。法老就召摩西来，说：‘你们去事奉耶和华；只是你们的羊群牛群要留下；你们的妇人孩子可以和你们同去。’摩西说：‘你总要把祭物和燔祭牲交给我们，使我们可以祭祀耶和华我们的上帝。我们的牲畜也要带去，连一蹄也不留下；因为我们要从其中取出来，事奉耶和华我们的上帝。我们未到那里，还不知道用什么事奉耶和华。’但耶和华使法老的心刚硬，不肯容他们去。法老对摩西说：‘你离开我去吧，你要小心，不要再见我的面！因为你见我面的那日你就必死！’摩西说：‘你说得好！我必不再见你的面了’”（出10:21-29）。{3SG 219.2}[30]
§62
“And he went out from Pharaoh and entreated the Lord. And the Lord turned a mighty strong west wind which took away the locusts, and cast them into the Red Sea. There remained not one locust in all the coasts of Egypt. But the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go.” Notwithstanding his humility, while death threatened him, and his promise to let Israel go, after he was relieved from the plague, he hardened his heart and refused to let them go.?{3SG 219.1}[30]
§63
法老硬着心反对主，虽然他亲眼看见一切的神迹和大能的奇事，仍敢威胁说，如果摩西和亚伦再到他面前，他就把他们杀死。如果国王没有这样硬着心叛逆上帝的话，他就会感受到那既能救人又能灭人之永生上帝的权能而自卑的。他就会知道那位施行奇迹越来越多的上帝，即使要把埃及国王杀了，也要保守祂所拣选之仆人的性命。{3SG 220.1}[31]
§64
“And the Lord said unto Moses, Stretch out thy hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt. And Moses stretched forth his hand toward heaven, and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days. They saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days. But all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings. And Pharaoh called unto Moses, and said, Go ye, serve the Lord, only let your flocks and herds be stayed. Let your little ones also go with you. And Moses said, Thou must give us also sacrifices and burnt-offerings, that we may sacrifice unto the Lord our God. Our cattle also shall go with us. There shall not a hoof be left behind; for thereof we must take to serve the Lord our?God; and we know not with what we must serve the Lord until we come thither. But the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let them go. And Pharaoh said unto him, Get thee from me, take heed to thyself, see my face no more; for in that day thou seest my face thou shalt die. And Moses said, Thou hast spoken well; I will see thy face again no more.”?{3SG 219.2}[31]
§65
摩西目睹上帝的奇妙作为时，他的信心增强了，他的信赖也变得不动摇了，同时上帝一直在藉着祂神能的表现装备摩西，使他有资格站在以色列众军之首，带领他们出埃及。他因对上帝的坚定倚靠而超越了惧怕，这使他能对王说：“我们的牲畜也要带去，连一蹄也不留下。”在王面前的这种坚定的勇气使傲慢自尊的王感到苦恼，他便说出威胁的话，要杀死上帝的仆人。他在自己的盲目中没有认识到他不仅是在敌对摩西和亚伦，而且在敌对天地的创造主耶和华。摩西已经获得百姓的好感，被视为非常神奇的人物，王也不敢伤害他。{3SG 220.2}[32]
§66
Pharaoh hardened his heart against the Lord, and he ventured, notwithstanding all the signs and mighty wonders he had witnessed, to threaten that if Moses and Aaron appeared before him again they should die. If the king had not become hardened in his rebellion against God, he would have been humbled under a sense of the power of the living God who could save or destroy. He would have known that he who could do such miracles, and multiply his signs and wonders, would preserve the lives of his chosen servants, even if he should have to slay the king of Egypt.?{3SG 220.1}[32]
§67
“耶和华对摩西说：‘我再使一样的灾殃临到法老和埃及，然后他必容你们离开这地。他容你们去的时候，总要催逼你们都从这地出去。你要传于百姓的耳中，叫他们男女各人向邻舍要金器银器’”（出11:1,2）。{3SG 221.1}[33]
§68
As Moses had witnessed the wonderful works of God, his faith had grown strong, and his confidence had become unshaken, while God had been fitting him and qualifying him by manifestations of his power to stand at the head of the armies of Israel, and as a shepherd of his people, lead them from Egypt. He was elevated above fear by his firm trust in God, which led him to say to the king, “Our cattle shall go with us. There shall not?a hoof be left behind.” This firm courage in the presence of the king annoyed his haughty pride, and he uttered the threat of killing the servants of God. He did not realize in his blindness that he was not contending only against Moses and Aaron, but against the mighty Jehovah, the Maker of the heavens and of the earth. Moses had obtained the favor of the people. He was regarded as a very wonderful man, and the king would not dare to harm him.?{3SG 220.2}[33]
§69
尽管法老曾禁止摩西再去见他,并说摩西见他面的日子必死，但是上帝还有一个信息要摩西带给这个叛逆的王。他就坚定地走到王面前，勇敢地向王宣布上帝的话。{3SG 221.2}[34]
§70
“And the Lord said unto Moses, Yet will I bring one plague more upon Pharaoh, and upon Egypt; afterward he will let you go hence. When he shall let you go, he shall surely thrust you out hence altogether. Speak now in the ears of the people, and let every man borrow of his neighbor, and every woman of her neighbor, jewels of silver and jewels of gold.”?{3SG 221.1}[34]
§71
摩西说：“耶和华这样说：‘约到半夜，我必出去巡行埃及遍地。凡在埃及地，从坐宝座的法老直到磨子后的婢女所有的长子，以及一切头生的牲畜，都必死。埃及遍地必有大哀号；从前没有这样的，后来也必没有。至于以色列中，无论是人是牲畜，连狗也不敢向他们摇舌，好叫你们知道耶和华是将埃及人和以色列人分别出来。’你这一切臣仆都要俯伏来见我，说：‘求你和跟从你的百姓都出去’，然后我要出去。”于是，摩西气忿忿地离开法老，出去了（出11:4-8）。{3SG 221.3}[35]
§72
Notwithstanding Moses had been forbidden to come again into the presence of Pharaoh, for in the day he should see his face he should die, yet he had one more message from God for the rebellious king, and he firmly walked into his presence, and stood fearlessly before him to declare to him the word of the Lord.?{3SG 221.2}[35]
§73
摩西对法老说，将有比以前更加可怕的灾难降到埃及，王一切的臣仆都要俯伏来见他，求以色列人离开埃及。王听到这话勃然大怒。他生气是因为他未能吓倒摩西，让摩西在他的王权面前发抖，但摩西所依靠的是比任何地上的君王更有力的膀臂。{3SG 222.1}[36]
§74
“And Moses said, Thus saith the Lord, About midnight will I go out into the midst of Egypt. And all the first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the first-born of the maid-servant that is?behind the mill, and all the first-born of beasts. And there shall be a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt, such as there was none like it, nor shall be like it any more. But against any of the children of Israel shall not a dog move his tongue, against man or beast, that ye may know how that the Lord doth put a difference between the Egyptians and Israel. And all these thy servants shall come down unto me, and bow down themselves unto me, saying, Get thee out, and all the people that follow thee; and after that I will go out. And he went out from Pharaoh in a great anger.”?{3SG 221.3}[36]