第60章 教师的品格与工作
§1
第60章 教师的品格与工作
§2
Character and Work of Teachers
§3
我们学校所作之工，与世上其它大学及神学院所作之工是不同的。在伟大的教育事工上，不可认为科学教育具有一种下等性质，而要认为那种知识是第一要紧的，会使一班人在上帝预备的大日能站立得住。我们的学校必须更象先知学校。这些学校应当是训练的学校，使学生们可以被带到基督的训练之下，并且学那大教师的样式。这些学校也当是家庭式的学校，每个学生都可从教师那里获得特别的帮助，犹如家中的人可以从家庭中得到帮助一样。应当怀有温柔，同情，团结，及仁爱。在那里应当有无私，专诚，忠实的教师，被上帝的爱所激励，心中充满慈怜的教师，他们必会关怀学生们的健康和福乐。他们的目标应当是帮助学生们在各项必要的知识上有长进。{2TT 425.1}[1]
§4
The work done in our schools is not to be like that done in the colleges and seminaries of the world. In the grand work of education, instruction in the sciences is not to be of an inferior character, but that knowledge must be considered of first importance which will fit a people to stand in the great day of God’s preparation. Our schools must be more like the schools of the prophets. They should be training schools, where the students may be brought under the discipline of Christ and learn of the Great Teacher. They should be family schools, where every student will receive special help from his teachers as the members of the family should receive help in the home. Tenderness, sympathy, unity, and love are to be cherished. There should be unselfish, devoted, faithful teachers, teachers who are constrained by the love of God and who, with hearts full of tenderness, will have a care for the health and happiness of the students. It should be their aim to advance the students in every essential branch of knowledge.?{2TT 425.1}[1]
§5
当为我们的学校遴选明智的教师，他们要觉得自己当对上帝负责，去感动人心明白认基督为其个人救主的必要性。从最高到最低的班级，他们都当特别留意学生们的得救问题，并藉个人之工设法引导他们的脚步行在正路上。他们应当怜爱那些在幼年时代受过不良教养的，设法补救他们的缺点，因为若不加以改正，将来必大大地损害他们的品格。人若非先在基督的门下受教，明白怎样教导人，就不能作这工作。{2TT 425.2}[2]
§6
Wise teachers should be chosen for our schools, those who will feel responsible to God to impress upon minds the necessity of knowing Christ as a personal Saviour. From the highest to the lowest grade they should show special care for the salvation of the students and through personal effort seek to lead their feet into straight paths. They should look with pity upon those who have been badly trained in childhood, and seek to remedy defects, which, if retained, will greatly mar the character. No one can do this work who has not first learned in the school of Christ how to teach.?{2TT 425.2}[2]
§7
一切在我们学校任教的人，都应当与上帝有密切的联络，并且完全明白祂的话，以致能将神圣的智慧和知识，运用在青年的教育上，使他们得以在今生，以及不朽的来生，有良好的贡献。他们不仅应是有真理知识的男女，也应是实行上帝之道的人。在他们的言语及生活上，应当表明“经上记着说”。他们应当以身作则，教人在凡事上有简朴而正确的习惯。无论男女，若自己没有顺从主的话的经验，就切不可参加我们的学校充任教师。{2TT 425.3}[3]
§8
All who teach in our schools should have a close connection with God and a thorough understanding of His word,?that they may be able to bring divine wisdom and knowledge into the work of educating the youth for usefulness in this life and for the future, immortal life. They should be men and women who not only have a knowledge of the truth, but who are doers of the word of God. “It is written” should be expressed in their words and by their lives. By their own practice they should teach simplicity and correct habits in everything. No man or woman should be connected with our schools as an educator who has not had an experience in obeying the word of the Lord.?{2TT 425.3}[3]
§9
校长及教师都必需受圣灵的洗。痛心悔改之人的恳切祈祷必达到宝座之前，如果我们用信心抱住上帝的手臂，祂就必按自己的时候垂听这些祈祷。当将自我并入基督之内，基督又在上帝之内，如此，祂所显示的能力就会融化并折服人心。基督所教的方法，是与普通的方法完全不相同的，我们要与祂同工。{2TT 426.1}[4]
§10
Principal and teachers need to be baptized with the Holy Spirit. The earnest prayer of contrite souls will be lodged by the throne, and God will answer these prayers in His own time if we cling to His arm by faith. Let self be merged in Christ, and Christ in God, and there will be such a display of His power as will melt and subdue hearts. Christ taught in a way altogether different from ordinary methods, and we are to be laborers together with Him.?{2TT 426.1}[4]
§11
教学工作的意义是远过于一般人所想的。要使真理被人理解，乃是需要运用大技能的。因此，每位教师应当奋力增进属灵真理的知识，但他若是与上帝的道分离，就得不到这种知识。他若要天天改进自己的能力及才干，就当用功研究；他必须将这道吃进去，消化了，并且照着基督的方式作工。人的心灵若受生命之粮的滋养。上帝的灵就必在他的各部官能上予以活力。这就是那存到永生的食物。{2TT 426.2}[5]
§12
Teaching means much more than many suppose. It requires great skill to make the truth understood. For this reason every teacher should strive to have an increased knowledge of spiritual truth, but he cannot gain this knowledge while divorcing himself from the word of God. If he would have his powers and capabilities daily improved he must study; he must eat and digest the word, and work in Christ’s lines. The soul that is nourished by the bread of life will have every faculty vitalized by the Spirit of God. This is the meat which endureth unto everlasting life.?{2TT 426.2}[5]
§13
凡愿从大教师受教的教师们，都必如同但以理和他的同伴们一样，体会到上帝的帮助。他们必需向天高攀，而不可停留在平原之上。基督徒的经验应当与一切真教育相结合。“你们来到主面前，也就象活石，被建造成为灵宫，作圣洁的祭司，借着耶稣基督奉献上帝所悦纳的灵祭”（彼前2:5）。教师及学生们应当研究这些话，查看自己是否这一等人，藉着所赐丰盛的恩典，获得上帝的每个儿女在达到更高地步之前所必需的经验。教师们在一切教导上，应当分赠由上帝宝座而来的亮光；因为教育工作的效果将在无穷无尽的永恒岁月中显明出来。?{2TT 426.3}[6]
§14
Teachers who will learn from the Great Teacher will realize the help of God as did Daniel and his fellows. They need to climb heavenward instead of remaining on the plain. Christian experience should be combined with all true education. “Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ.”?1 Peter 2:5. Teachers and students?should study this representation and see if they are of that class who, through the abundant grace given, are obtaining the experience that every child of God must have before he can enter the higher grade. In all their instruction teachers should impart light from the throne of God; for education is a work the effect of which will be seen throughout the ceaseless ages of eternity.?{2TT 426.3}[6]
§15
教师应当引导学生自己去思想，并为自己清晰地明白真理。教师向学生解释，使学生相信，这都是不够的；必须启发他们提出问题，必须叫学生用自己的话将真理陈明，借以显出他确实看清了真理的能力，而且加以应用。借着辛苦的努力，才能将活泼重要的真理铭刻在人的心脑中。这种进程也许是很慢；但较比匆匆忙忙地讨论重要的题目而不加以适当的思考，却更有价值得多了。上帝期望祂的各机构较比那些世俗的机构更高超；因为它们乃是祂的代表。人若真与上帝联络，就必向世人显明，有比人力更高的一位主站在那里掌舵。{2TT 427.1}[7]
§16
Teachers should lead students to think, and clearly to understand the truth for themselves. It is not enough for the teacher to explain or for the student to believe; inquiry must be awakened, and the student must be drawn out to state the truth in his own language, thus making it evident that he sees its force and makes the application. By painstaking effort the vital truths should thus be impressed upon the mind. This may be a slow process; but it is of more value than rushing over important subjects without due consideration. God expects His institutions to excel those of the world; for they are His representatives. Men truly connected with God will show to the world that a more than human agent is standing at the helm.?{2TT 427.1}[7]
§17
我们的教师需要作殷勤学习的人。改革者本身也需要改革，不但在工作方法上，也要在自己的心地上改革。他们必须被上帝的恩典改变。当以色列人著名的教师尼哥底母来到耶稣那里时，主把神圣生活的条件指给他看，把悔改的初步手续教导他。尼哥底母问道:“怎能有这事呢？”耶稣回答说：“你是以色列人的先生，还不明白这事么”（约3:9,10）？这个问题也可以问现在许多担任教职，而忽略自己必要的准备，以便配承担这工作的人。人若把基督的话领受到心灵里，就必有更高的智慧和更深的属灵知识，得以成为一个门徒，一个诚实的基督徒，与一位能蒙祂嘉许的教育家了。.{2TT 427.2}[8]
§18
Our teachers need to be constant learners. The reformers need to be themselves reformed, not only in their methods of labor, but in their own hearts. They need to be transformed by the grace of God. When Nicodemus, a great teacher in Israel, came to Jesus, the Master laid before him the conditions of divine life, teaching him the very alphabet of conversion. Nicodemus asked: “How can these things be?” “Art thou a master of Israel,” Christ answered, “and knowest not these things?” This question might be addressed to many who are now holding positions as teachers, but who have neglected the preparation essential to qualify them for this work. If Christ’s words were received into the soul, there would be a much higher intelligence and a much deeper spiritual knowledge of what constitutes a disciple, a sincere follower of Christ, and an educator whom He can approve.?{2TT 427.2}[8]
§19
【教师的缺点】
§20
我们教师中的许多人，有许多已经学得的事是必须忘掉的，也有许多与此不同性质的事是应当学的。他们若不愿意这样行──他们若不彻底熟悉上帝的话，专心研究与大教师生活有关之荣耀的真理──他们就会助长主所正要改革的错误。许多不该保存的计划与意见，反而铭刻在他们的心中，据实而定，他们必得出错误而危险的结论。这样，所撒的必不是真实的子粒。在学校工作上所常见的许多的风俗及习惯，也许会被人认为是微末小事，现今不可将它们带入我们的学校中。教师们若要放弃那久已怀存的意见及方法，也许是很难的；但他们若一步一趋都肯诚心而谦卑地问道，“这是主的方法么？”他们就必顺服祂的领导了。祂必引领他们在安全的道路上，他们的看法也要被经验所改变了。{2TT 428.1}[9]
§21
【Deficiencies of Teachers】
§22
Many of our teachers have much to unlearn and much of a different character to learn. Unless they are willing to do this,—unless they become thoroughly familiar with the word of God and their minds are absorbed in studying the glorious truths concerning the life of the Great Teacher,—they will encourage the very errors the Lord is seeking to correct. Plans and opinions that should not be entertained will imprint themselves on the mind, and in all honesty they will come to wrong and dangerous conclusions. Thus seed will be sown that is not true grain. Many customs and practices common in school work, and which may be regarded as little things, cannot now be brought into our schools. It may be difficult for teachers to give up long-cherished ideas and methods; but if they will honestly and humbly inquire at every step, “Is this the way of the Lord?” and will yield to His guidance, He will lead them in safe paths, and their views will change by experience.?{2TT 428.1}[9]
§23
我们学校的教师们应当查考圣经，直到他们自己完全了解，而打开心门，接受上帝所赐的宝贵的光线，并行在其中。这样他们就必蒙上帝的教导，用完全不同的方式作工，在其一切教学上少引用那些与上帝从无联络之人的意见及理论了。他们必很少尊重有限的智慧，而要衷心深切渴慕那从上帝而来的智慧了。{2TT 428.2}[10]
§24
The teachers in our schools need to search the Scriptures until they understand them for their individual selves, opening their hearts to the precious rays of light which God has given, and walking therein. They will then be taught of God and will labor in entirely different lines, bringing into their instruction less of the theories and sentiments of men who have never had a connection with God. They will honor finite wisdom far less, and will feel a deep soul hunger for that wisdom which comes from God.?{2TT 428.2}[10]
§25
基督向十二门徒问道:“你们也要去么？”彼得回答说:“主啊，祢有永生之道，我们还归从谁呢？我们已经信了，又知道祢是上帝的圣者”（约6:67-69）。当教师们将这些话运用在他们教室中的工作时，圣灵就必降临在人的心脑之中作祂的工了。（6T.152-156.1900年）{2TT 428.3}[11]
§26
To the question Christ put to the twelve, “Will ye also go away?” Peter answered: “Lord, to whom shall we go? Thou hast the words of eternal life. And we believe and are sure that Thou art that Christ, the Son of the living God.”?John 6:67-69. When teachers bring these words into the work of their classrooms, the Holy Spirit will be present to do its work upon minds and hearts.?{2TT 428.3}[11]