第1144号 在改变学校课本和其它材..
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第1144号 在改变学校课本和其它材..
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MR No. 1144 - Care To Be Exercised in Making Changes in Textbooks and Other Matters in School; Helping Inexperienced Teachers
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（1899年8月1日写自新南威尔士州库兰邦，“森尼赛德，”致S.N.赫斯格。）{15MR47.1}[1]
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(Written August 1, 1899, from Sunnyside, Cooranbong, N.S.W., to S. N. Haskell.) {15MR 47.1}[1]
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昨天夜里我在异象中再次同你讨论我们学校的教材问题。我奉命要给予你一个警告。如果你来到加利福尼亚或其它地方的学校，关于我们学校的教科书，不要把你所清晰明了的观点告诉他们。他们还没有为此作好准备。在这方面已经造成混乱并将继续混乱。这件事上有许多问题需要考虑。切不可引进任何会鼓励萨瑟兰弟兄将事情推到极端的东西。{15MR47.2}[2]
§6
Again last night I was speaking with you in regard to the textbooks in our schools. I was commissioned to give you a warning. Do not, as you shall meet our schools in California and other places, present to them the ideas that look so clear and plain to you in reference to the textbooks in our schools. They are not prepared for this, and already confusion is working and will work with reference to this point. There are many things to be considered in regard to this matter. There must be no introduction of anything which will sanction Brother Sutherland pushing things to extremes. {15MR 47.2}[2]
§7
年轻的女士艾利斯小姐可能会受伤害，而且已经受了伤害，以致她不会在上帝的圣工发挥她本来可以有的用处；要是让她所教的功课按照现行的方法进行，她就只能做肤浅的工作。如果这位年轻女子出来时没有受到吹捧，使她以为自己是个出色的人物，她原会存谦卑的心与上帝同行，乐于受教。然而她却在肤浅地作工。使用我们的各学校一直在用的简易书籍，而不是按照她的想法将它们全都拿掉，损害会比较少。读本必须从圣经历史中选用。当大目的达到时，福音的主就满意了。{15MR47.3}[3]
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The young lady, Miss Ellis, may be hurt, and is already hurt, so that she will not be of the use in the cause of God that she might have been, but will do superficial work if the classwork under her care is carried forward in accordance with the methods which are now advancing. Had this young woman been left to come out without being exalted and made to think that she was some superior being, she would, in walking humbly with God, have been willing to be instructed. But she is working superficially. Less harm will be done by using the simple books which have been used in our schools than by taking them away altogether, as is according to her ideas. Reading books will have to be made by selecting portions of Bible history. The Lord of the gospel is satisfied when the great end is achieved. {15MR 47.3}[3]
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被钉、复活而升天的救主最看重的人的品质是什么呢？是内心的柔和谦卑，就是祂所宣布祂所召的人要学习的祂的样式。我们若是愿意施教，就必须作学生。我们若是愿意达到最高标准，就必须爱上帝为至上并且爱人如己。每一个有纯洁和爱心的人都是由上帝而生的并且认识上帝。{15MR48.1}[4]
§10
What are the attributes most prized in man by a crucified, risen, and ascended Saviour? Meekness, and lowliness of heart, which He declares those whom He calls shall learn of Him. If we would teach, we must be learners. If we would meet the highest standard, we must love God supremely and our neighbor as ourselves. Everyone who has purity and love is born of God and knoweth God. {15MR 48.1}[4]
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主已将萨瑟兰弟兄在听从证言和你关于只教圣经并听教导美好功课的自然之声的教训方面的危险摆在我面前。我们如果继续认识主，对事情就会比现在看得更加明白。但教师和学生都没还没准备好做出迅速的改变。我们需要圣灵的洗礼，否则会曲解课题，处理的方式会带来混乱而不是光明。你在研究为学校开设圣经课的时候，不要提出放弃简易书籍的问题。这会伤害那些情况不明、一知半解、自以为全知道，事实上却完全不能作为教师全方面理解问题的人。他们会倡导人们愿意涉猎却不愿意领会的理论。萨瑟兰弟兄在犯一个错误。请谨慎。你久已研究的课题会在萨瑟兰弟兄手中被带到极端，而在目前的局面这会导致我们无法处理或调整的问题。{15MR48.2}[5]
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I have had presented before me Brother Sutherlands danger in hearing the testimonies and your lessons upon teaching the Bible alone and listening to the voice of nature, which teaches beautiful lessons. If we follow on to know the Lord, we shall see things more clearly than we discern them now. But neither teachers nor students are prepared to make rapid changes. We need the baptism of the Holy Spirit, else minds will misinterpret the subjects and handle them in such a way as to bring confusion rather than light. As you shall go into the study of opening the Scriptures to the schools, do not introduce the matter of simple books being discarded. It will do harm to the uninformed, who, half catching at things, and supposing they know it all, yet utterly unable as teachers to understand the matter in all its bearings, will advance theories which one and another will grasp at but will not understand. Brother Sutherland is making a mistake. Please be guarded. The subjects you have long studied will in Brother Sutherlands hand be carried to extremes, and in the present state of things this will result in matters which we cannot handle or adjust. {15MR 48.2}[5]
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萨瑟兰弟兄已经有了必须建许多教会学校的想法；然而这意味着滥用需要开辟新园地好传道的资金。无论哪里有了一个稳定的教会，就应该建一栋小楼作教会学校。无论在哪里建了一座礼拜堂，都要为那个地方预备一间教室，并让能力强的老师们从事教导学生的工作。然而切不可没有辨别光线就迎头赶上，将美好的亮光与错误的东西混在一起，称之为真理，就是各人都以为自己能从证言得到证明的真理。我恐怕写出许多极其宝贵的东西。我害怕介绍它们。{15MR48.3}[6]
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Brother Sutherland has caught up the idea that there must be many church schools built; but this would mean the misappropriation of means that are called for to open new fields for the ministry of the Word. Wherever there is a settled church, a small building should be erected as a church school. In whatever locality a meeting-house is erected, let a schoolroom be prepared for that locality, and let teachers of good ability work in instructing the students. But there must be no catching up without discretion, of rays of light, beautiful light, mixing with it erroneous matters, and calling it truth, which each supposes he can prove from the testimonies. I am afraid to write out many things which are exceedingly precious. I am afraid to introduce them. {15MR 48.3}[6]
§15
我相信这位艾利斯姐妹是个宝贝，在上帝的旨意中，她可以适当地受教。然而照现在的样子，她却受了称赞和宠爱，开始从事一项她做不了的工作。这事看上去像福音马车计划的表现。事后显明她的情况若是得到适当处理，就会成为一项有益的善工。我们的人为何不能研究因果关系呢？他们为何不能明白在依据全新的计划建立教会学校方面需要最伟大的智慧呢？这一事业的意义超过他们所能正确领会的。{15MR49.1}[7]
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In the providence of God this Sister Ellis, who I believe is a jewel, may be properly taught. But as the matter stands, she has been praised and petted, and set to do a work which she cannot do. It seems like the representation of the gospel wagon scheme. The aftersight reveals a work which in her case, if properly handled, would be a good and beneficial work. Why cannot our people study from cause to effect? Why cannot they understand that the greatest wisdom is needed in establishing church schools on an entirely new plan? This undertaking means more than they can properly comprehend. {15MR 49.1}[7]
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我的弟兄啊，我现在写给你以便你谨慎一些。关于改变书本的问题，不要说我曾个别告诉你的任何事。我知道萨瑟兰弟兄需要刹车，动作不要快过主已指定的。他从你我的著作中获得了关于学校的和他正在做的改变课本的想法。他们这时候的动作会过快过人们能跟上的速度。这种改变不会做得很聪明，除非那些在做出这些改变的人有一个清楚界定了的基础，在其上建造他们的建筑。他们在学校工作上做出的一切随便的举动他们都以为是根据怀姐妹所说过的。但是他们将自己关于可以做什么的想法混和起来，而且没有明确的工作计划时，工人们就会将大量推测交织进来，称之为怀姐妹蒙上帝指示看到的。{15MR49.2}[8]
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I write you now, my brother, that you may be cautious. Do not state anything I have told you personally in regard to the matter of change in books. I know that Brother Sutherland needs to put on the brake, and move no faster than the Lord has designated. He has obtained ideas from your writings and mine in reference to schools and the changes he is making in what they call textbooks. They will move faster at this time than the people can be carried. Such changes cannot be made intelligently unless those making them have a clearly defined basis on which to construct their building. All the haphazard movements which they will make in the schoolwork will be proved, as they suppose, from that which Sister White has said. But when they mix and mingle their own ideas as to what can be done, and there is no definite plan of work, the workers will weave in a mass of suppositions, and call it that which Sister White has been shown of God. {15MR 49.2}[8]
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赫斯格弟兄啊，请我们两个都谨慎吧。我们不要老是想着要做的改变，直到我们有明确的事情要做。我担心狂热会引进来。可以细思默想的美好理论和推测最好留下不说，直到有了清楚界定的东西，直到大家都能亲自看见和明白。{15MR50.1}[9]
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Brother Haskell, please let us both be guarded. Do not let us dwell on the changes to be made until we have something definite to work to. I fear that fanaticism will be brought in. The beautiful theories and suppositions that can be dwelt upon might better be left unsaid until there is something clearly defined, until all can see and understand for themselves. {15MR 50.1}[9]
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你在这个时期不可能实现安全的改变，因为在许多方面都需要大改革，需要上帝的灵改变人们的品格。要稳健地行事。你可能说出自己心中的想法，别人会高举这些想法，试图造成新的局面，形成完全不同的构造，并称之为你或我的计划。他们看不到实现这些已经被接受到心里却没有得到清楚领悟的想法的后果。他们尽力实现这些想法，将之与怀姐妹的证言混在一起，使本应该保持神圣的工作成了凡俗的事。下降到一些人已经就教育引进来的小事和确定的事，使人远离主原会实行的事。{15MR50.2}[10]
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You could not possibly work out the changes that could safely be made at this period, when there is need of great reformation in many lines, need of the transformation of the Spirit of God upon mens characters. Move solidly. You may give expression to the thoughts you have in mind, and others will take up these ideas, and attempt to bring in a new order of things, and make an entirely different structure, and call it your or my plan. They cannot see the aftereffect of the working out of ideas which have been taken into the mind but not clearly discerned. They endeavor to carry them out, mixing with them Sister Whites testimonies, and they make the work that should be kept sacred a common matter. Descending to the little things and definiteness which some have brought in in regard to education, leads away from the things the Lord would have carried out. {15MR 50.2}[10]
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艾利斯姐妹已经以一种她以为正确的方式开始工作，然而一个经验这么少的人不应该委以将学生们自己不知道如何解决的问题摆在他们前面的工作。目前这种假想改革的不正确阶段会给守安息日队伍的教育战线造成混乱的局面。我没有得到任何呼召让教会学校按照不知情的教师们所设想的方法和计划进入全新的境地。要是需要进行改变，我们必须知道给出什么忠告，作出什么变动，以及如何聪明地介绍各方面的工作。我们在美国各教会的每一个人都要做出明确的改变，然而现在什么都不能介绍。必须看到圣灵的作为，圣灵不应被任何人的计划或方法所控制。在每一个教会都有计划要确定。上帝必亲自作工，而人们必须合作。{15MR50.3}[11]
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Sister Ellis has been set to work in a way which she supposes is right, but one who has so short an experience should not be entrusted with the work of putting before the minds of students problems they know not themselves how to solve. The present inaccurate phases of supposed reforms will bring into the ranks of Sabbathkeepers a state of things that will make confusion in educational lines. I see no call to take church schools over grounds that are entirely new, according to the methods and plans that the minds of uninformed teachers would inaugurate. If changes are to be made, we must know what counsel to give and what changes to make, and how to present every line of work intelligently. Decided changes are to be made in every one of our churches in America, but everything cannot be introduced now. The working of the Holy Spirit must be seen, and this Spirit is not to be controlled by any human plans or methods. There are plans to be established in every church. God will work Himself, and men must cooperate. {15MR 50.3}[11]
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初级班可以仍用原来的书本不作改变，直到更好的书本预备好。上圣经课应当清楚、明确、简单，使学生们能够掌握。在新的方法得到理解之前，不要在非常小心地预备好更好的方法之前结束现在的方法。不要将孩子们无法理解的事介绍给他们。所赐给我的亮光是：每一步都要谨慎行事。不要引进许多所谓以自然为教科书的材料，直到关于这个主题的小册子预备好，可以用作课本。这项工作还没有完成，而在它完成之前，孩子们的头脑只会被引进来的零零碎碎的东西搞糊涂，尽管那些东西可能都是真的。{15MR51.1}[12]
§26
The primary classes may keep the same books without disturbance until better books are prepared. The Bible lessons should be given in clear, definite simplicity, so that the minds of the students can grasp them. Until the new methods are understood, let not the present methods be all broken up before better ones are prepared with great care. Let not things be presented to the children which they cannot understand. The light given me is, Move cautiously at every step. Do not bring in the many things that may be said upon nature as a lessonbook until small books are prepared on this subject which may be presented as textbooks. This work has not yet been done, and until it is done, the minds of the children will only become confused by the fragmentary items being brought in, which may be all truth. {15MR 51.1}[12]
§27
关于公立学校，我不知道我们的弟兄们是什么意思。要是有什么像公立学校这类的东西进入了我的证言中，我也不知道它怎么进来的。可能会提到现有的公立学校的问题，然而创办公立学校与任何应该推进的运动相去甚远。{15MR51.2}[13]
§28
In regard to state schools, I know not what our brethren mean. If any such thing as state schools has come into my testimonies, I am in darkness as to how it came in. The subject of state schools as they now exist may be mentioned, but to create state schools is the farthest from any movement that should be made. {15MR 51.2}[13]
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总的来说已将太多的款项投资在巴特尔克里克的学校建筑上了，却太少智慧、太少运用脑力以实际的办法阻止每年的债务增长了。将学校关闭，直到如何在一种合算的制度上在不同地区经办学校成为一门技术的时候，原会好得多。如果年复一年，毫无减低债务的迹象，反有加高之势，就当叫停。管理事务的人员应当说：除非能设计一些确定的方案，我就不能再办这学校了。{15MR52.1}[14]
§30
Altogether too large sums of money have been invested in the school building at Battle Creek, and too little wisdom and brain power has been brought into the practical methods to stop the increasing indebtedness of each year. It would have been far better to have closed the school until it should become a science how to conduct the schools in different localities on a paying system. When one year after another passes, and there is no sign of diminishing the debt, but it is rather increased, a halt should be called. Let the managers say, I refuse to run the school any longer unless some sure basis is devised. {15MR 52.1}[14]
§31
你们能提供的最高级的教育，就是避债如同避病。你们既是上帝的选民，就当为基督的缘故，亲自设法在我们的学校中创行一套不同的制度。这要成为你们各地教会的教育。既已建立教会学校，上帝的子民所能拥有的最好的教育就是学习如何在财务成功的基础上办理学校。要是做不到这样，就关闭学校，直到能制定一个计划，在上帝的帮助下实行之，而没有债务污点。{15MR52.2}[15]
§32
The very highest kind of education you could give is to shun debt as you would shun disease. For Christs sake, as the chosen people of God, call yourselves to task, and inaugurate a different system in the school. This is to be your education as churches in every place. As church schools have been established, the best education the people of God can have is to learn how to conduct their school on a basis of financial success. If this cannot be done, close the school until a plan can be devised to carry it on, with the help of God, without the blot of debt upon it. {15MR 52.2}[15]
§33
这是可以做成也应该做成的。主不喜悦，因为以往显明的那种管理显出缺乏判断力。要让老师们少拿些工资，要提高学生们的费用。要在餐桌食物的预备方面实行最严格的节约。负责烹饪的人要将零碎收集起来，免得有浪费的。在家庭中往往有很大的浪费，将大量可以做成美味的食物丢在了垃圾桶里。在不同的地方到处都有足够多的浪费可以供养一到两个家庭。这些都是需要仔细研究并且殷勤地本着良心实行的教训。{15MR52.3}[16]
§34
This can be done, and should be done. The Lord is not pleased with the kind of management that has been revealed in the past, for it reveals a lack of judgment. Let teachers take less wages, and let the students fees be raised. Let the strictest economy be practiced in the provisions made for the table. Let the one who has charge of the cooking gather up the fragments, that nothing be lost. In families there is often great waste in throwing into the wastepail a large amount of food that could be worked into palatable dishes. There is enough wasted here and there in different places to support one or two families. These are lessons that need to be studied carefully, and practiced diligently and conscientiously. {15MR 52.3}[16]
§35
学生们应该有大量有益健康的优质食物。水果应当新鲜可口，没有腐烂。然而就我们食谱上的许多甜点而论，除了不应该制作它们，我没有其它亮光。我们在改革者中间需要果断的改革。我们极其深刻地感觉到这个问题的必要性。但我不像平时那么健康，所以将会在别的时间写得更充分些，如果主赐给我力量和自由的话。（《信函》1899年104号）怀爱伦著作托管委员会1985年5月2日全文发布于美国首都华盛顿{15MR53.1}[17]
§36
The students should have plenty of good wholesome food. The fruit should be fresh and palatable, and free from decay. But as to the many dishes for dessert for which we have recipes, I have no light in regard to them except that they should not be made. We want decided reforms among reformers. We feel the necessity of this matter most deeply. But I am not as well as usual, and will write more fully at another time, if the Lord will give me strength and freedom.--Letter 104, 1899. Ellen G. White Estate Washington, D. C. May 2, 1985. Entire Letter. {15MR 53.1}[17]