第941号 怀爱伦与1890年代澳大..
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第941号 怀爱伦与1890年代澳大..
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MR No. 941 - Ellen White and the Australian Depression of the 1890s
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澳大利亚的萧条状况与补救之方——澳大利亚需要有纯正、可靠的常识的影响自由地引进各城各镇。需要进行正确的教育。应该建立学校，不仅是为了获得书本知识，而且要获得实业知识。需要不同团体的人向人们说明如何从土地获得财富。耕耘土地会带来回报。{12MR89.1}[1]
§4
Depressed Conditions in Australia and the Remedy--Australia needs the leaven of sound, solid, common sense to be freely introduced into all her cities and towns. There is need of proper education. Schools should be established for the purpose of obtaining not only knowledge from books, but knowledge of practical industry. Men are needed in different communities to show the people how riches are to be obtained from the soil. The cultivations of land will bring its return. {12MR 89.1}[1]
§5
世人和教会里的人都通过庆祝假日而受教认为这些懒散的日子对于健康快乐来说是必不可少的；但结果却显明这些日子充满了罪恶，正在毁灭国家。青年一般没有受教养成勤劳的习惯。城市甚至乡镇都在变得像所多玛和蛾摩拉，像挪亚时代的世界。那时训练青年的规则与这时代的孩童受教育和训练的情况相同，都是让他们喜爱刺激、荣耀自己、随从己心罪恶的想象。现在与那时一样，结果就是堕落、残忍、暴虐，犯罪。{12MR89.2}[2]
§6
Through the observance of holidays the people both of the world and of the churches have been educated to believe that these lazy days are essential to health and happiness, but the results reveal that they are full of evil, which is ruining the health and the morals, and demoralizing the country. The youth generally are not educated to diligent habits. Cities and even country towns are becoming like Sodom and Gomorrah, and like the world as it was in the days of Noah. The training of the youth in those days was after the same order as children are being educated and trained in this age, to love excitement, to glorify themselves, to follow the imagination of their own evil hearts. Now as then, depravity, cruelty, violence, and crime are the results. {12MR 89.2}[2]
§7
这一切的事都是给我们的教训。现在很少人真的又勤劳又节俭。各处都有贫穷痛苦。有些人辛苦工作，得到的报酬却很少。关于如何预备土壤需要更多更广泛的知识。关于可以从土地得到什么，眼界不够开阔。所随从的常规狭隘无变化，结果令人失望。地产的兴旺咒诅了这个国家，贷款买来的土地价格过高，然后必须清理土地，要付更多的钱；盖一栋房子也要付更多的钱，然后利息张开大口吞掉了所有利润。债台高筑，银行又纷纷倒闭破产，抵押品赎回权也丧失了。成千上万的人失业，家里的小东西都没了，他们借了又借，然后不得不放弃自己的财产，变得一贫如洗了。大量的金钱和辛苦的劳动投在了贷款买来或带着产权负担继承的农场上。居住者希望成为真正的业主，要不是全国各地银行破产，这原是可以实现的。{12MR89.3}[3]
§8
All these things have lessons for us. Few now are really industrious and economical. Poverty and distress are on every hand. There are men who work hard and obtain very little for their labor. There is need of much more extensive knowledge in regard to the preparation of the soil. There is not sufficient breadth of view as to what can be realized from the earth. A narrow and unvarying routine is followed, with discouraging results. The land boom has cursed this country. Extravagant prices have been paid for lands bought on credit; then the land must be cleared, and more money is hired. A house to be built calls for more money, and then interest with open mouth swallows up all the profits. Debts accumulate, and then come the closings and failures of banks, and the foreclosures of mortgages. Thousands have been turned out of employment; families lose their little all. They borrow and borrow, and then have to give up their property and come out penniless. Much money has been put into farms, bought on credit or inherited with an incumbrance. The occupants lived in hope of becoming real owners, and it might have been so, but for the failure of banks throughout the country. {12MR 89.3}[3]
§9
现在的情况是，如果有一个人有自己的地方而没有负债，那就是一个幸福的例外了。商人在破产，家庭在缺衣少食。没有工作可做。但假日仍旧很多。人们依旧热心参加假日的娱乐活动。凡能这么做的人都会花掉他们辛苦挣来的便士、先令和英镑用来品尝美味、饮用烈酒或其它某种放纵。报导人们贫穷状况的报纸，常有赛马的广告，和为各种令人兴奋的活动提供奖品的广告。展览、剧院和各种道德败坏的娱乐活动，正在吸取这个国家的金钱，贫穷的状况不断增加。穷人会花掉他们最后一先令去抽奖，指望得奖，然后不得不求乞以维生，要不就挨饿。许多人死于饥饿，许多人结束了自己的生命。还没到头呢。{12MR90.1}[4]
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Now, the case where a man owns his place clear is a happy exception to the rule. Merchants are failing, families are suffering for [lack of] food and clothing. No work presents itself. But the holidays are just as numerous. Their amusements are entered into as eagerly. All who can do so will spend their hard-earned pence and shillings and pounds for a taste of pleasure, for strong drink or some other indulgence. The papers that report the poverty of the people have regular standing notices of the horse races, of the prizes presented for different kinds of exciting sports. The shows, the theaters, and all such demoralizing amusements, are taking the money from the country, and poverty is continually increasing. Poor men will invest their last shilling in a lottery, hoping to secure a prize, and then they have to beg for food to sustain life, or go hungry. Many die of hunger, and many put an end to their existence. The end is not yet. {12MR 90.1}[4]
§11
人们带你到他们的桔园和柠檬园，以及其它果园，告诉你说出产还不够支付成本。几乎不可能收支相抵。父母们便决定儿女不要作农民；他们没有勇气也没有希望教育儿女耕种土地。{12MR91.1}[5]
§12
Men take you to their orchards of oranges and lemons and other fruits, and tell you that the produce does not pay for the work done in them. It is next to impossible to make ends meet, and parents decide that children shall not be farmers. They have not the courage and hope to educate them to till the soil. {12MR 91.1}[5]
§13
所需要的是要有学校教育和训练青年，以便他们知道如何克服这种局面。必须进行各门学科的教育，也要教育人们开发土壤的计划和方法。在土地里存有希望，但是心力、脑力和体力必须投入到耕种土地的工作中。用来赛马、去剧院、赌博和抽奖的钱；花在酒吧间喝啤酒和烈酒的钱，都要用来使土地多产，我们就会见到不同的局面。（《文稿》1894年8号第9-11页，〈我们的学校应该位于哪里？〉1894年2月）{12MR91.2}[6]
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What is needed are schools to educate and train the youth so that they will know how to overcome this condition of things. There must be education in the sciences, and education in plans and methods of working the soil. There is hope in the soil, but brain and heart and strength must be brought into the work of tilling it. The money devoted to horse-racing, theater-going, gambling, and lotteries; the money spent in the public houses for beer and strong drink, let it be expended in making the land productive and we should see a different state of things.--Ms 8, 1894, pp. 9-11. (Where Shall We Locate Our School? Feb., 1894.) {12MR 91.2}[6]
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希望看到圣工在澳大利亚取得进展——银行的破产、资金的压力使得这个国家处处都很艰难。学生们难以得钱支付上学的费用，我们的弟兄们也难以得到资金建造极简朴的礼拜堂。我们听说各城中有人饿死，几乎天天都有人到我们门口讨饭吃。他们从未遭到拒绝。我们不断受到要求，施舍钱财以维持工作运转。{12MR91.3}[7]
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Hoped to See the Work Go Forward in Australia--The failure of banks, the financial pressure, makes hard times everywhere in this country. It is difficult for students to obtain money to defray their expenses at school, or for our brethren to build even the most humble places for worship. We hear of people starving to death in the cities, and nearly every day persons come to our door begging for something to eat. They are never turned away. And we are constantly called upon to hand out money to keep the work moving. {12MR 91.3}[7]
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当我们能看到工作以大能前进，勉强许多人从大路和篱笆那里进来，因为上帝使人心对真理势不可挡的证据留下了深刻的印象时，我将会多么欣慰啊。（《信函》1894年47号第8,9页，致J.H.凯洛格，1894年4月18日）{12MR92.1}[8]
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Oh, how thankful I shall be when we shall see the work going with power, and many souls compelled to come in from the highways and hedges because of the overwhelming evidence of the truth that the Lord impresses upon human hearts.--Letter 47, 1894, pp. 8, 9. (To J.H. Kellogg, April 18, 1894.) {12MR 92.1}[8]
§19
怀爱伦的慈善行为——我们在格兰维尔租了一栋房子，一层的平房，每月租金27美元。这栋房子只能为我们的大家庭和常来的客人提供有限的房间，所以我花35美元买了一顶帐篷，支搭在房子近旁。有客人来时就使用帐篷。我们在这个国家的开支比在美国大得多。我们不得不精打细算才能向我们自己也向我们自己家以外所有需要帮助和若无帮助就会受苦的人尽本分。我的衣服在变得很破旧，但我甚至不能花钱买需要的衣物，因为我看到一些家庭买不起食物。{12MR92.2}[9]
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Ellen Whites Philanthropy--We occupy a house in Granville, a one-story cottage, for which we pay $27 per month. The house affords but limited room for our large family and frequent visitors, so I purchased a tent for $35 and had it pitched close by the house. The tent is brought into use when company comes. Our expenses are much heavier in this country than in America. We have to make very close figuring in order to do our duty to ourselves and to all outside our own family who need assistance and who will suffer without it. My clothing is getting very shabby, but I cannot expend money even on needed articles of dress when I see families that cannot buy bread. {12MR 92.2}[9]
§21
住在城堡山的A弟兄家处在很大的财务困境中。在艰难时期来到之前，A弟兄境况优裕。在地产热期间他买了二十英亩土地，栽种了桔子、柠檬和其它果树。这些树要过三、四年才能给他带来利润。（G.B.）斯塔尔长老夫妇、麦卡拉弟兄和我去看望了他们，距格兰维尔十二英里。我们总是带着多过我们需要的食物，因为我们希望能使我们所看望的人在属灵上受益，不希望他们急着为我们预备食物。我们发现他们家很贫穷。{12MR92.3}[10]
§22
One family, that of Brother A, who lives at Castle Hill, have been in great financial perplexity. Before the hard times came, Brother A was in good circumstances. During the land boom he purchased twenty acres of land, and set it out to orange, lemon, and other fruit trees. These bring him no profit for three or four years. Elder [G. B.] Starr and his wife, Brother McCullagh, and myself went to visit them, twelve miles from Granville. We always take more provisions with us than we need, for we wish to be a spiritual blessing to the ones we visit, and do not want them to be worrying in preparing food for us. We found a very needy family. {12MR 92.3}[10]
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A弟兄有一位患着肺病的妻子和七个孩子。他们有一栋舒适的房子，很好地坐落在一个美丽的地点，然而房子只部分地配有家具，一切都显出压力和缺乏。购买是在他们接受真理之前发生的。A弟兄是一个聪明人，他的孩子们表现也很好。他们不久会失去母亲。A弟兄在盖房子时负了债，现在又找不到工作。他是石匠行业的。他的兄弟在银行里有钱，曾答应若是需要就借给他，然而财务压力使银行关门了，他兄弟的钱取不出来。他必须等到更好的时候才能取出钱来。A弟兄在同一家银行负债，他天天预期会收到传票，要么支付他所贷的款，要么丧失他一切所有。他说：“许多月来我们不是活着，只是存在着。”{12MR93.1}[11]
§24
Brother A has a consumptive wife and seven children. They have a comfortable house, nicely located on a beautiful spot of ground, but the house is [only] partially furnished, and everything bespeaks pressure and want. The purchase was made before they accepted the truth. Brother A is an intelligent man, and his children are well behaved. They will soon be left motherless. In building their house Brother A incurred a debt, and now he cannot obtain work. He is a stone mason by trade. His brother, who has money in the bank, promised to loan him money if necessary, but in the financial pressure the bank closed, and the brother cannot obtain a pound. He must wait until better times for his money. Brother A is in debt to the same bank, and he is in daily expectation of receiving a summons either to repay the money loaned him or to lose all that he has. He said, For many months we have not lived, only existed. {12MR 93.1}[11]
§25
这次的经济萧条已使好几个相信真理的家庭因取消抵押品赎回权而陷入了贫困。A弟兄看着依靠他家人时就非常灰心。他有放弃一切的危险。我们与他们作了宝贵的祷告并谈了话。他们已经数月没有参加聚会了。主赐福了我们，安慰了这个亲爱家庭的心，尽管他们住在距帕拉马塔教会十二英里远，距凯利维尔教会十英里远的地方，他们是那里的成员，但他们后来每个安息日却没有去，而今他们不再谈论不信和灰心，而在谈论信心、盼望和勇气了。为此感谢主。……{12MR93.2}[12]
§26
This depression of finances has brought several families who believe the truth into destitution because of foreclosures. Brother A was in great discouragement as he looked upon his dependent family. He was in danger of giving up everything. We had a most precious season in praying and conversing with them. They had not attended meetings for months. The Lord blessed us, and comforted the hearts of this dear family, and although they live twelve miles from Parramatta church, and ten miles from Kellyville church, of which they are members, they have been out every Sabbath since, and now instead of talking unbelief and discouragement, they are talking faith and hope and courage. Thank the Lord for this. . . . {12MR 93.2}[12]
§27
B弟兄在凯利维尔。他是一位房地产代理商，每月挣二十到四十英镑。当帐篷支搭在凯利维尔时，他和他的妻子和大点的孩子们接受了真理。这是一个极其宝贵的家庭，聪明又有献身精神。他们曾买下并清理了十二英亩土地，这花了他们三十英镑每英亩，栽种了果树。款已全部支付。B弟兄预计自己还会繁荣昌盛，就盖了一栋很好的平房，配备了昂贵的家具。然而经济危机来了，他和成百上千其他的人失了业，因为人们没有钱购买地产和住房。（《信函》1894年50号第1-4页，致哈门·林赛，1894年6月14日）{12MR93.3}[13]
§28
Brother B lives at Kellyville. He has been a real-estate agent, earning from twenty to forty pounds sterling a month. When the tent was pitched at Kellyville, he, with his wife and older children, embraced the truth. This is a most precious family, intelligent and devoted. They had purchased and cleared twenty acres of land, which cost them thirty pounds sterling an acre, and set it out to fruit trees. It was entirely paid for, and, expecting to be as prosperous as he had been, Brother B built himself a nice cottage and had it expensively furnished. But the financial crisis came, and he with hundreds of others was thrown out of employment, for men had no money to purchase land and dwelling houses.--Letter 50, 1894, pp. 1-4. (To Harmon Lindsay, June 14, 1894.) {12MR 93.3}[13]
§29
在萧条期间澳大利亚成千上万的人陷入贫困——到处都是穷人。银行毁了这个国家。他们将人们的存款投资于各种投机买卖，入不敷出，结果一些银行倒闭了，一些关门了，致使百姓贫穷又无助。成千上万的人缺钱；他们失了业，到处都是不幸。国家处在经济损失中。要是书籍能出售，我们现在本来不需要感到压力，然而如今在这方面做不了多少。人们那么穷，以致书报销售不成功。赛马、更多的假日、观剧、赌博、酒馆，将大部分小钱收去了，国家一点没有因此变好。若是酒馆关门，就会避免多少苦难啊。（《信函》1894年30a号第2,3页，致沃尔特·哈珀，1894年7月8日）{12MR94.1}[14]
§30
Thousands Destitute in Australia During Depression--The poor are everywhere. The banks have ruined the country. They invested the peoples deposits in various speculations, exceeded their funds, and as the result some have failed, and others have closed, so that the people are poor and helpless. Thousands are destitute of money; they are thrown out of work, and distress is everywhere. The country is in financial ruin. We need not have felt the pressure we are now under if the books could be sold, but not much can now be done in this line. People are so poor that canvassing is not a success. The horse-racing, the multiplied holidays, the theater-going, the gambling, the public houses (called saloons in America), gather up a large share of what little means there is, and the country is made no better for it. If the public houses were but closed, how much suffering would be saved.--Letter 30a, 1894 pp. 2, 3. (To Walter Harper, July 8, 1894.) {12MR 94.1}[14]
§31
怀爱伦如何对付澳大利亚的金融萧条——我们的信心一直受着试验和考验。我们各方面都受到贫穷的压迫。不断有家庭来找我，告诉我他们没有钱买面包，但我能做什么呢？我不能付给我自己的工人任何工资，我们食品杂货店的账单在越积越多。我的工人们有三、四个月不能发工资了，但他们甘愿忍受不便。我从巴特尔克里克收到六百美元。这几乎不能应付我的债主，但他们中的一些人愿意等待。{12MR95.1}[15]
§32
How Ellen White Dealt With the Financial Depression in Australia--Our faith has been tested and tried. We have been pressed with poverty on every side. Families were continually coming to me and telling me that they had no money to buy bread, but what could I do? I could not pay my own workers any wages, and our grocery bills were accumulating. For three or four months my workers could not be paid, but they were willing to suffer inconvenience. I received from Battle Creek six hundred dollars. This would barely set me straight with my creditors, but some of them were willing to wait. {12MR 95.1}[15]
§33
我立刻开始在我的菜园作工。人们处在穷困中，其中一些人缺乏每日的饮食。一个有四个孩子的人来找我，说他们什么都没有，只有南瓜可以吃一个星期。我给了他们一头奶牛，因为他们必须有东西给孩子们吃。我们还为他们耕了地，我的雇工人做了这项工作。我借给另一个家庭一头奶牛，以便他们有牛奶给孩子们喝。我看到这种贫穷就不能不感到非常心痛，因为我知道如果那些有钱财的人实行节约，世界上就有足够的资金供养所有的人。（《文稿》1896年55号第1,2页。日记，1896年10月1日）怀爱伦著作托管委员会1982年7月15日发布于美国首都华盛顿{12MR95.2}[16]
§34
I immediately set to work on my garden men who were in need, some of these destitute of daily food. One man with a family of four children came to me and said that they had had nothing but squash to eat for a week. I gave them a cow, for they must have something for their children. We also plowed their land for them, my hired man doing the work. To another family I loaned a cow, that they might have milk for their children. I cannot see such poverty as this without great pain of heart, for I know that there is enough in the world to sustain all if economy were practiced by those who have the means.--Ms 55, 1896, pp. 1, 2. (Diary, Oct. 1, 1896.) White Estate Washington, D. C. July 15, 1982 {12MR 95.2}[16]