第47章 例证和直观教具
§1
第47章 例证和直观教具
§2
Chap. 47—Illustrations and Visual Aids
§3
纯洁高尚的言语——应当用纯洁高尚的言语讲述真理，所用的例证也当如此。--GW166.{VSS276.1}[1]
§4
Chaste and Dignified—The truth should be clothed in chaste, dignified language; and the illustrations used should be of a like character.—Gospel Workers, 166.?{VSS 276.1}[1]
§5
不言而喻的解释——劳苦传道教导人的传道人若是能进入田地，白天花一部分时间与学生一起参加体力劳动，原会很好。他们可以象基督一样从自然界发出教训，说明圣经的真理。--FE325.{VSS276.2}[2]
§6
Self-evident Illustrations—It would be well if ministers who labor in word or doctrine could enter the fields and spend some portion of the day in physical exercise with the students. They could do as Christ did in giving lessons from nature to illustrate Bible truth.—Fundamentals of Christian Education, 325.?{VSS 276.2}[2]
§7
设喻施教——基督设喻施教，体现了祂降世服务的原则。为了使我们了解祂神圣的品格和生活，祂取了我们的性情，住在我们中间。神性表现在人性中，看不见的荣耀从看得见的人体中显示出来。人们可以通过已知的事来认识未知的事，通过地上的事来学习天上的事。上帝竟然以人的形像出现。基督施教也是如此。祂用人所已经明白的事来说明他们尚未明白的事，用他们所非常熟悉的地上事物来解释上帝的真理。{VSS276.3}[3]
§8
Teaching by Illustration—In Christ’s parable teaching the same principle is seen as in His own mission to the world. That we might become acquainted with His divine character and life, Christ took our nature and dwelt among us. Divinity was revealed in humanity; the invisible glory in the visible human form. Men could learn of the unknown through the known; heavenly things were revealed through the earthly; God was made manifest in the likeness of men. So it was in Christ’s teaching: the unknown was illustrated by?the known; divine truths by earthly things with which the people were most familiar.?{VSS 276.3}[3]
§9
圣经说：“这都是耶稣用比喻对众人说的话；……这是要应验先知的话，说：‘我要开口用比喻，把创世以来所隐藏的事发明出来’”（太13:3，4，35）。祂用自然界的事物来表达属灵的事物，把自然的事物和听众的生活经验与圣经的真理联系起来。基督的比喻从自然界引入灵界，成为真理的链环，把人与上帝、地球与天国连在一起。--COL17,18.{VSS277.1}[4]
§10
The Scripture says, “All these things spake Jesus unto the multitude in parables; ... that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, saying, I will open My mouth in parables; I will utter things which have been kept secret from the foundation of the world.”?Matthew 13:34, 35. Natural things were the medium for the spiritual; the things of nature and the life experience of His hearers were connected with the truths of the written Word. Leading thus from the natural to the spiritual kingdom, Christ’s parables are links in the chain of truth that unites man with God, and earth with heaven.—Christ’s Object Lessons, 17, 18.?{VSS 277.1}[4]
§11
圣经的应用——主希望你们学习如何撒福音的网。许多人需要学习撒网。为了使你在工作上成功，你的网眼——经文的应用——必须收紧——意义容易明白。要竭力拉网，要抓住要点，举例说明也要清楚。一个人的知识无论多么渊博，他若不能把它传授给别人，那还是没用的。--CT253.{VSS277.2}[5]
§12
Application of the Scriptures—The Lord wishes you to learn how to use the gospel net. Many need to learn this art. In order for you to be successful in your work, the meshes of your net—the application of the Scriptures—must be close, and the meaning easily discerned. Then make the most of drawing in the net. Come right to the point. Make your illustrations self-evident. However great a man’s knowledge, it is of no avail unless he is able to communicate it to others.—Counsels to Parents, Teachers, and Students, 253.?{VSS 277.2}[5]
§13
以实际事例进行讲解——教师们，当记住主是你们的力量，要竭力使学生们明白真理，使这些真理成为活的香所叫他们活。要以实际事例进行讲解。求上帝赐你说话使众人都明白。--CT254.{VSS277.3}[6]
§14
Illustrations for Everyone—Teachers, remember that the Lord is your strength. Strive to give the students ideas that will be to them a savor of life unto life. Teach by illustrations. Ask God to give you words to speak that all can understand.—Counsels to Parents, Teachers, and Students, 254.?{VSS 277.3}[6]
§15
在智力方面还是小孩子——教师应经常以方法简明和高功效为目标。他要多利用实例说明。即使是对待年龄大的学生，也当耐心，使每一讲解清楚明朗。许多高年级学生在智力方面还是小孩子。--Ed233.{VSS278.1}[7]
§16
Children in Understanding—The teacher should constantly aim at simplicity and effectiveness. He should teach largely by illustration, and even in dealing with older pupils should be careful to make every explanation plain and clear. Many pupils well advanced in years are but children in understanding.—Education, 233.?{VSS 278.1}[7]
§17
用儿童所易于理解的方式——从人所写的一切著作中，何处能找到象圣经故事那样动人心弦，引起小孩子兴趣的故事呢？这些简明的故事中，显明上帝律法的伟大原则。所以父母在很早的时候，就可以开始用儿童所易于理解的方式，来实现上帝论及祂训诲的吩咐：“要殷勤教训你的儿女，无论你坐在家里、行在路上、躺下起来、都要谈论”（申6:7）。--CT181.{VSS278.2}[8]
§18
Comprehension by Children—In all that men have written, where can be found anything that has such a hold upon the heart, anything so well adapted to awaken the interest of the little ones, as the stories of the Bible? In these simple stories may be made plain the great principles of the law of God. Thus by illustrations best suited to the child’s comprehension, parents and teachers may begin very early to fulfill the Lord’s injunction concerning His precepts: “Thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy children, and shalt talk of them when thou sittest in thine house, and when thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, and when thou risest up.”?Deuteronomy 6:7.—Counsels to Parents, Teachers, and Students, 181.?{VSS 278.2}[8]
§19
圣道的尊严——太多的例证并不会发挥正确的影响。他们贬低了在向人们传扬上帝的道时所应保持的神圣尊严。--Ev209.{VSS278.3}[9]
§20
Dignity of the Word—Too many illustrations do not have a correct influence; they belittle the sacred dignity that should ever be maintained in the presentation of the Word of God to the people.—Evangelism, 209.?{VSS 278.3}[9]
§21
饥饿的羊群——有些站在讲台上作牧人，自称是喂养羊群的，而羊群则急需生命之粮。他们讲道拖得太长，内容大半是轶闻趣事，听众的心却没有感动。一些人可能会动情，流下几滴眼泪，但他们的心并没有破碎。这些人在进行所谓的证道时，主耶稣一直在旁。他们的话缺乏天上的雨露。他们表明自己没有得到撒迦利亚（见第4章）所写的那两位受膏者的帮助，使他们能帮助别人。当那两位受膏者通过两个金管倒空自己时，就有金色油从中流到金碗里，再流到灯里，就是众教会里。这是每一位真正献身于永生上帝之仆人的工作。{VSS278.4}[10]
§22
Starving Sheep—There are men who stand in the pulpits as shepherds, professing to feed the flock, while the sheep are starving for the bread of life. There are long-drawn-out discourses, largely made?up of the relation of anecdotes; but the hearts of the hearers are not touched. The feelings of some may be moved, they may shed a few tears, but their hearts are not broken. The Lord Jesus has been present when they have been presenting that which was called sermons, but their words were destitute of the dew and rain of heaven. They evidenced that the anointed ones described by Zechariah (see?chapter 4) had not ministered to them that they might minister to others. When the anointed ones empty themselves through the golden pipes, the golden oil flows out of themselves into the golden bowls, to flow forth into the lamps, the churches. This is the work of every true, devoted servant of the living God.?{VSS 278.4}[10]
§23
天上的主上帝不大赞同那些自称传扬主道的人在讲台上所说的话。他们的教诲未能使听众蒙福，却把廉价的饲料摆在人们面前。--TM336,337.(279.1){VSS279.1}[11]
§24
The Lord God of heaven cannot approve much that is brought into the pulpit by those who are professedly speaking the word of the Lord. They do not inculcate ideas that will be a blessing to those who hear. There is cheap, very cheap fodder placed before the people.—Testimonies to Ministers and Gospel Workers, 336, 337.?{VSS 279.1}[11]
§25
凡火——传道人在讲道时掺杂故事，乃是在用凡火献祭。……你会遇到各种各样的人。在传讲圣道时，要表显出恳切、尊重，恭敬的态度来。不要给任何人留下印象，认为你是一个低劣肤浅的演说者。应当从你的讲道中把故事清除出去。务要传讲圣道。你如果时常传扬圣道，就会向主奉献上更多的禾捆。你不大明白人心的极大需要与渴望。有些人正是在与疑惑挣扎，几乎绝望了。--Ev210.{VSS279.2}[12]
§26
Strange Fire—The minister is using strange fire when he mixes storytelling with his discourses.... You have men of all classes of minds to meet, and as you deal with the sacred Word, you should manifest earnestness, respect, reverence. Let not the impression be made upon any mind that you are a cheap, surface speaker. Weed out storytelling from your discourses. Preach the Word. You would have had more sheaves to bring to the Master if you had constantly preached the Word. You little understand the soul’s great need and longing. Some are?wrestling with doubt, almost in despair, almost hopeless.—Evangelism, 210.?{VSS 279.2}[12]
§27
使用图表等——藉用图表、象征或其他各种表号，传道人能把真理表现得格外清楚明了。这些是辅助手段，也是符合圣经教训的。--9T142.{VSS280.1}[13]
§28
Use of Visual Aids—By the use of charts, symbols, and representations of various kinds the minister can make the truth stand out clearly and distinctly. This is a help, and in harmony with the Word of God.—Testimonies for the Church 9:142.?{VSS 280.1}[13]
§29
安息日学的实物教训——我们的安息日学应当办得更有趣味。近几年来，各公立学校大大改良教学的方法。他们利用实物，图画，以及黑板等，使幼年的头脑可以明白艰深的功课。利用这样的方法也可使真理简明易懂，令儿童活跃的脑筋感兴趣。--CSW114.{VSS280.2}[14]
§30
Object Lessons in Sabbath School—Our Sabbath Schools should be made more interesting. The public schools have of late years greatly improved their methods of teaching. Object lessons, pictures, and blackboards are used to make difficult lessons clear to the youthful mind. Just so may present truth be simplified and made intensely interesting to the active minds of the children.—Counsels on Sabbath School Work, 114.?{VSS 280.2}[14]
§31
记忆的训练——使用实例，黑板，地图，画片会有助于讲解这些教训，让他们牢牢记在心上。父母和教师应不断设法改进教学方法。--Ed186.{VSS280.3}[15]
§32
Memory Training—The use of object lessons, blackboards, maps, and pictures, will be an aid in explaining these lessons [Bible stories], and fixing them in the memory. Parents and teachers should constantly seek for improved methods.—Education, 186.?{VSS 280.3}[15]
§33
图表用于传扬真理——我已得到明确的指示：这些图表应当用于传扬真理；并且若加以文字来说明顺从的重要性，就更为感人。--Ev203.{VSS280.4}[16]
§34
Charts in Presentation of Truth—Instruction has been given me clearly and distinctly that charts should be used in the presentation of truth. And these illustrations should be made still more impressive by words showing the importance of obedience.—Evangelism, 203.?{VSS 280.4}[16]
§35
话语与图表相结合——在解释有关过去、现在和将来的预言上，使用图表是最有效的。但我们要使我们的工作尽可能地简单经济。要用简朴的方式阐明真理。--Ev203.{VSS280.5}[17]
§36
Combination of Word and Illustration—The use?of charts is most effective in explaining the prophecies relating to the past, the present, and the future. But we are to make our work as simple and inexpensive as possible. The truth is to be explained in simplicity.—Evangelism, 203.?{VSS 280.5}[17]
§37
引人关注的方法——S弟兄是一位聪明的布道士。他说话简单明了，连孩子都能听得懂。他的讲道一点也不含糊。他直接说出圣经的话，让圣经向各等人讲话。他有力的论据，都来自新旧约圣经。他没有用那些只能使听众感到他很有学问的话，而是直接用清晰明白的话语，让圣经来说话。任何人若拒绝接受信息，就是拒绝圣道。{VSS281.1}[18]
§38
Means of Holding Attention—Brother S is an intelligent evangelist. He speaks with the simplicity of a child. Never does he bring any slur into his discourses. He preaches directly from the Word, letting the Word speak to all classes. His strong arguments are the words of the Old and the New Testaments. He does not seek for words that would merely impress the people with his learning, but he endeavors to let the Word of God speak to them directly in clear, distinct utterance. If any refuse to accept the message, they must reject the Word.?{VSS 281.1}[18]
§39
S弟兄特别详细地讲论《但以理书》和《启示录》的预言。他有许多书中所说兽的图片，可在适当的时候拿出来说明他的观点。他口里没有说一句草率或不必要的话。他的话有力而严肃。他的许多听众从来没有听过这么严肃性的讲道。这些讲道没有一点轻率的精神，却给他们带来一种庄严的敬畏感。--Ev204,205.{VSS281.2}[19]
§40
Brother S dwells especially upon the prophecies in the books of Daniel and the Revelation. He has large representations of the beasts spoken of in these books, and these are brought forward at the proper time to illustrate his remarks. Not one careless or unnecessary word escapes his lips. He speaks forcibly and solemnly. Many of his hearers have never before heard discourses of so solemn a nature. They manifest no spirit of levity, but a solemn awe seems to rest upon them.—Evangelism, 204, 205.?{VSS 281.2}[19]
§41
实物一样大的图像展示兽像——S长老用他的这些聚会引起了很多人的注意。各界人士都来听讲，看他用与实物一样大的图像展示《启示录》中的兽像。--Ev205.{VSS281.3}[20]
§42
Life-Size Images of Prophetic Beasts—Elder S is arousing a good interest by his meetings. People of all classes come out to hear, and to see the life-size?images that he has of the beasts of Revelation.—Evangelism, 205.{VSS 281.3}[20]
§43
讲解富有说服力——我很喜欢S长老所采用的方法。他巧妙机智地预备了这些合式的图表，来说明所传的题目——这样讲解富有说服力。在最后的工作中，我们要越来越多地采用这种方法。--Ev205.{VSS282.1}[21]
§44
Representations With Convincing Power—I am pleased with the manner in which our brother [Elder S] has used his ingenuity and tact in providing suitable illustrations for the subjects presented—representations that have a convincing power. Such methods will be used more and more in this closing work.—Evangelism, 205.?{VSS 282.1}[21]
§45
想方设法——上帝的工人要表现出机智和才干，设计出把亮光传给远近各处之人的方法。--Ev206.{VSS282.2}[22]
§46
Illustrative Devices—Let the workers for God manifest tact and talent, and originate devices by which to communicate light to those who are near and to those who are afar off.—Evangelism, 206.?{VSS 282.2}[22]