第21章 例证，表号和比喻
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第21章 例证，表号和比喻
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Chap. 21—Illustrations, Symbols, and Figures of Speech
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精心选择的例证——耶稣是人间有史以来最伟大的教师。祂以清楚有力的话语阐述了真理。祂所举的例子也是最纯洁最高尚的。祂从不将低劣的表号和比喻与祂的神圣指示混在一起，也不设法引起人们的好奇心或满足那等只想听来取乐的人。祂没有把神圣的真理降到凡俗的水平，祂神圣的口中也从未说过一些福音传道人所用的滑稽可笑的例证。基督不用会逗乐和使人发笑的例证。--RH1895年8月6日.{VSS104.1}[1]
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Well-Chosen Illustrations—Jesus was the greatest teacher the world ever knew. He presented truth in clear, forcible statements, and the illustrations He used were of the purest and highest order. He never mingled cheap symbols and figures with His divine instruction, or sought to pander to curiosity or to gratify the class that will listen simply to be amused. He did not bring sacred truth down to the level of the common, and the comical illustrations that some ministers of the gospel use were never uttered by His divine lips. Christ did not employ illustrations that would create amusement and excite laughter.—The Review and Herald, August 6, 1895.?{VSS 104.1}[1]
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没有只为引人注意的滑稽可笑的事——在神圣教师基督所用的例证中，没有一个例证会给人的心版留下一点阴影。祂的言语具有最纯洁最高尚的性质。祂从不屈尊去说滑稽可笑的事以便吸引听众。--RH1895年8月6日.{VSS104.2}[2]
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Nothing Comical for Mere Attention—In the instruction of the divine Teacher, there was no illustration used that would leave the least shadow upon the tablets of the soul. His words were of the purest and most elevated character. He never stooped to utter that which was comical, in order that He might attract an audience.—The Review and Herald, August 6, 1895.?{VSS 104.2}[2]
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来自普通事物的例证——耶稣使用地上的事例和经验来说明上帝天国的荣耀。祂以同情的爱心与柔和来鼓舞、安慰和教导祂的所有听众。祂口发恩言，以最动人的方式向人传递真理的财富。--CT240.{VSS104.3}[3]
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Illustrations of Common Things—Jesus?illustrated the glories of the kingdom of God by the use of the experiences and occurrences of earth. In compassionate love and tenderness He cheered and comforted and instructed all who heard Him; for grace was poured upon His lips that He might convey to men in the most attractive way the treasures of truth.—Counsels to Parents, Teachers, and Students, 240.?{VSS 104.3}[3]
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来自大自然的属灵教训——大教师让祂的听众与大自然接触，使他们能倾听一切受造之物所发的声音。在他们心地软化、思想开放之后，祂就帮助他们解释所见场景的属灵教训。祂教导人真理时所喜欢用的比喻，显明祂的心灵是如何接受大自然的薰陶，以及祂是何等乐意从日常环境中吸取属灵的教训。{VSS105.1}[4]
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Spiritual Lessons From Nature—The Great Teacher brought His hearers in contact with nature, that they might listen to the voice which speaks in all created things; and as their hearts became tender and their minds receptive, He helped them to interpret the spiritual teaching of the scenes upon which their eyes rested. The parables, by means of which He loved to teach lessons of truth, show how open His spirit was to the influences of nature, and how He delighted to gather the spiritual teaching from the surroundings of daily life.?{VSS 105.1}[4]
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空中的飞鸟，田野的百合花，撒种者与种子，牧人与羊群——这一切都被基督用来说明不朽的真理。祂也用日常生活中听众所熟悉的事物，如酵，埋藏的财宝，珍珠，鱼网，遗失的钱币，浪子，建在磐石和沙土上的房屋等，作为例证。在祂的教训中，有吸引每一个人，使他们感兴趣的东西。--Ed102.{VSS105.2}[5]
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The birds of the air, the lilies of the field, the sower and the seed, the shepherd and the sheep—with these Christ illustrated immortal truth. He drew illustrations also from the events of life, facts of experience familiar to the hearers—the leaven, the hid treasure, the pearl, the fishing net, the lost coin, the prodigal son, the houses on the rock and the sand. In His lessons there was something to interest every mind, to appeal to every heart.—Education, 102.?{VSS 105.2}[5]
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小心选择讲道的地点——世人的救赎主设法使祂的教训明显而简要，叫人人都能够领会。祂通常爱在室外传道，那里没有墙垣把祂与跟从祂的群众隔绝。同时还有一些特别的原因，令祂喜欢在林间及海滨教训人。祂可以利用那些动人的风景和一般百姓所熟悉的实物现况，来说明祂想传给他们的重要真理。{VSS105.3}[6]
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Carefully Chosen Locales for Discourses—The?Redeemer of the world sought to make His lessons of instruction plain and simple, that all might comprehend them. He generally chose the open air for His discourses. No walls could enclose the multitude which followed Him; but He had special reasons for resorting to the groves and the seaside to give His lessons of instruction. He could there have a commanding view of the landscape and make use of objects and scenes with which those in humble life were familiar, to illustrate the important truths He made known to them.?{VSS 105.3}[6]
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祂利用自己所发的教训，与上帝在自然界的工作互相联系。小鸟悠然无虑婉转歌鸣，山谷间的花草欣欣向荣，出于污池而不染纤尘的百合花，苍劲挺拔的大树，路旁错落有致的农田，随风荡漾的麦浪，贫瘠不毛的地土，不结实的果树，绵延的小丘，潺潺的清流，点缀在天边的晚霞──这一切都被祂用来向听众灌输神圣的真理。祂把上帝在诸天之间及大地之上创造的大工，与祂所要他们存记在心的生命之道相配合，以便他们在仰观俯察上帝在自然界的奇妙作为之际，也可以油然回忆起祂的教训来。--2T579,580.{VSS106.1}[7]
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With His lessons of instruction He associated the works of God in nature. The birds which were caroling forth their songs without a care, the flowers of the valley glowing in their beauty, the lily that reposed in its purity upon the bosom of the lake, the lofty trees, the cultivated land, the waving grain, the barren soil, the tree that bore no fruit, the everlasting hills, the bubbling stream, the setting sun, tinting and gilding the heavens—all these He employed to impress His hearers with divine truth. He connected the works of God’s finger in the heavens and upon the earth with the words of life He wished to impress upon their minds, that, as they should look upon the wonderful works of God in nature, His lessons might be fresh in their memories.—Testimonies for the Church 2:579, 580.?{VSS 106.1}[7]
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从已知到未知——基督常从自然界，从家庭关系和感情的大宝库中发挥祂的教训。祂拿已知的事物来说明未知的事物，以人所熟悉的自然属世的事物来说明神圣的真理。这些事物必要向人心说话，并在他们心中留下最深刻的印象。{VSS106.2}[8]
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From the Known to the Unknown—In His teaching, Christ drew His illustrations from the great treasury of household ties and affections, and from nature. The unknown was illustrated by the known;?sacred and divine truths, by natural, earthly things, with which the people were most familiar. These were the things that would speak to their hearts, and make the deepest impression on their minds.?{VSS 106.2}[8]
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基督的话使自然界的教训以新的面貌出现，使之成为新的启示。祂能讲论祂亲手所造的事物，因为这些事物都赋有祂自己的特征。自然界和旧约圣经都显示神圣重要的真理。耶稣在祂的教训中常把这些真理与美丽的自然万物联系起来，再向百姓展示。--CT178,179.(107.1){VSS107.1}[9]
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The words of Christ placed the teachings of nature in a new aspect and made them a new revelation. He could speak of the things which His own hands had made, for they had qualities and properties that were peculiarly His own. In nature, as in the sacred pages of the Old Testament Scriptures, divine, momentous truths are revealed; and in His teaching, Jesus laid these open before the people, bound up with the beauty of natural things.—Counsels to Parents, Teachers, and Students, 178, 179.?{VSS 107.1}[9]
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比喻和象征——主出于祂智慧的宗旨而将属灵的真理隐藏在比喻和象征中。藉着使用比喻，祂常常向控告祂的人和敌人发出最清楚最明显的指责，而他们在祂的话中却找不到机会定祂的罪。祂发现比喻和对照是传讲上帝真理最好的办法。祂采取自然界的比喻和例证，用简朴的语言向听众揭示了属灵的真理，说出了宝贵的原则。要不是祂把自己的话与人生、经历或自然界活跃的情景联系起来，这些原则就会从他们的脑海中消失，几乎留不下一点痕迹。祂就这样使他们产生兴趣，引他们询问，及至充分获得了他们的注意，祂就果断地使他们铭记真理的见证。这样，祂就能在人心留下足够的印象，以致后来祂的听众看到祂在自己的教训中联系起来的事物时，便会回忆起神圣教师所说的话。--FE236.{VSS107.2}[10]
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Figures and Symbols—For His own wise purpose the Lord veils spiritual truths in figures and symbols. Through the use of figures of speech the plainest and most telling rebuke was often given to His accusers and enemies, and they could find in His words no occasion to condemn Him. In parables and comparisons He found the best method of communicating divine truth. In simple language, using figures and illustrations drawn from the natural world, He opened spiritual truth to His hearers, and gave expression to precious principles that would have passed from their minds, and left scarcely a trace, had He not connected His words with stirring scenes of life, experience, or nature. In this way He called forth their interest, aroused inquiry, and when He had fully secured their attention, He decidedly?impressed upon them the testimony of truth. In this way He was able to make sufficient impression upon the heart so that afterward His hearers could look upon the thing with which He connected His lesson, and recall the words of the divine Teacher.—Fundamentals of Christian Education, 236.?{VSS 107.2}[10]