第36章 司提反殉难
§1
第36章 司提反殉难
§2
Chap. 36 - Death of Stephen
§3
（本章根据徒6:8-7:60）
§4
司提反在圣工上非常活跃，并且勇敢地表白他的信仰。“当时有称利百地拿会堂的几个人，并有古利奈、亚历山大、基利家、亚西亚、各处会堂的几个人，都起来和司提反辩论，司提反是以智慧和圣灵说话，众人敌挡不住”（徒6:9,10）。这些伟大拉比们的学生，确信自己在与司提反公开的辩论中可以获得全胜，因为他们想他是无知的。但是他不仅以圣灵的能力说话，广大的会众清楚地看出，他熟悉预言，精通律法，有力地为他所拥护的真理申辩，彻底击败了他的众对手。{SR 262.1}[1]
§5
STEPHEN was very active in the cause of God and declared his faith boldly. Then there arose certain of the synagogue, which is called the synagogue of the Libertines, and Cyrenians, and Alexandrians, and of them of Cilicia and of Asia, disputing with Stephen. And they were not able to resist the wisdom and the spirit by which he spake. These students of the great rabbis had felt confident that in a public discussion they could obtain a complete victory over Stephen, because of his supposed ignorance. But he not only spoke with the power of the Holy Ghost, but it was plain to all the vast assembly that he was also a student of the prophecies and learned in all matters of the law. He ably defended the truths he advocated, and utterly defeated his opponents. {SR 262.1}[1]
§6
当祭司和官长们看出伴随着司提反工作的奇妙能力时，他们就满心忌恨。他们非但不信服他所提出的凭据，反而决意要治死他，止息他的声音。{SR 262.2}[2]
§7
The priests and rulers who witnessed the wonderful manifestation of the power that attended the ministration of Stephen were filled with bitter hatred. Instead of yielding to the weight of evidence he presented, they determined to silence his voice by putting him to death. {SR 262.2}[2]
§8
他们下手捉拿司提反，把他带到公会前受审。{SR 262.3}[3]
§9
They therefore seized Stephen and brought him before the Sanhedrin council for trial. {SR 262.3}[3]
§10
他们从周围各地召集有学问的犹太人来，为要驳倒这个被告的论据。那曾因热心反对基督的教训并逼迫一切相信祂的人而出名的扫罗当时也在场。这个学识渊博的人，在反对司提反的事上起领导作用。他想用雄辩的口才和拉比的学说使听众相信司提反所宣传的是迷惑人的旁门左道。{SR 262.4}[4]
§11
Learned Jews from the surrounding countries were summoned for the purpose of refuting the argumentsof the accused. Saul, who had distinguished himself as a zealous opponent of the doctrine of Christ, and a persecutor of all who believed on Him, was also present. This learned man took a leading part against Stephen. He brought the weight of eloquence and the logic of the rabbis to bear upon the case, and convince the people that Stephen was preaching delusive and dangerous doctrines. {SR 262.4}[4]
§12
但扫罗却在司提反身上看到一个象他一样受过很高的教育、充分明白上帝传福音给各国旨意的人。司提反笃信亚伯拉罕，以撒和雅各的上帝，并且对于犹太人的特权有清楚的认识，但他的信仰是开明的，因为他知道时候已经到了，真信徒不但要在人手所造的圣殿中敬拜上帝，而且世界各地的众人都可以用心灵和诚实拜祂。那蒙在司提反眼睛上的帕子已经揭掉了，所以他能一直看到那为基督的死所废除的制度的结束。{SR 263.1}[5]
§13
But Saul met in Stephen one as highly educated as himself, and one who had a full understanding of the purpose of God in the spreading of the gospel to other nations. He believed in the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and was fully established in regard to the privileges of the Jews; but his faith was broad, and he knew the time had come when the true believers should worship not alone in temples made with hands; but, throughout the world, men might worship God in Spirit and in truth. The veil had dropped from the eyes of Stephen, and he discerned to the end of that which was abolished by the death of Christ. {SR 263.1}[5]
§14
祭司和官长们竭尽全力，也无法胜过司提反那明晰而稳健的智慧，他们就决定拿他来杀一儆百。他们这样做既能遂了复仇的心愿，又能使别人有所惧怕而不敢接受他的信仰。于是他们用最显眼的方式向他提出公诉，贿买人作假见证，诬控他说话亵渎圣殿和律法。这些假证人说：“我们曾听见他说，这拿撒勒人耶稣，要毁坏此地，也要改变摩西所交给我们的规条”（徒6:14）。{SR 263.2}[6]
§15
The priests and rulers prevailed nothing against his clear, calm wisdom, though they were vehement in their opposition. They determined to make an example of Stephen and, while they thus satisfied their revengeful hatred, prevent others, through fear, from adopting his belief. Charges were preferred against him in a most imposing manner. False witnesses were hired to testify that they had heard him speak blasphemous words against the temple and the law. Said they, For we have heard him say, that this Jesus of Nazareth shall destroy this place, and shall change the customs which Moses delivered us. {SR 263.2}[6]
§16
当司提反面对着那些审判他的人，要为亵慢的罪名作答时，他脸上焕发着圣洁的荣光。“在公会里坐着的人都定睛看他，见他的面貌好像天使的面貌”（徒6:15）。许多看到司提反面貌的人竟发颤而蒙上了脸，但顽强的不信和偏见却依然如故。{SR 263.3}[7]
§17
As Stephen stood face to face with his judges, to answer to the crime of blasphemy, a holy radiance shone upon his countenance. And all that sat in the council, looking stedfastly on him, saw his face as it had been the face of an angel. Many who beheld the lighted countenance of Stephen trembled and veiled their faces, but stubborn unbelief and prejudice never faltered. {SR 263.3}[7]
§18
【司提反申辩】
§19
大祭司问司提反那些告他的事是否真实，他便用清朗、动人，并且响彻会所的声音开始申辩。他用一种使全场凝神倾听的言辞开始叙述上帝选民的历史。他表现自己很熟悉犹太人的制度及其因基督而显明的属灵意义。他从亚伯拉罕开始，一代一代地讲说他们的历史，述说以色列历代的史略，直到所罗门的时候，并提出最动人之点为他的工作申辩。{SR 264.1}[8]
§20
【Stephens Defense】
§21
Stephen was questioned as to the truth of the charges against him, and took up his defense in a clear, thrilling voice that rang through the council hall. He proceeded to rehearse the history of the chosen people of God in words that held the assembly spellbound. He showed a thorough knowledge of the Jewish economy, and the spiritual interpretation of it now made manifest through Christ. He began with Abraham and traced down through history from generation to generation, going through all the national records of Israel to Solomon, taking up the most impressive points to vindicate his cause. {SR 264.1}[8]
§22
司提反清楚地显明自己是忠于上帝和犹太人之信仰的，同时也指明犹太人所赖以得救的律法未能拯救以色列脱离拜偶像的罪。他将耶稣基督结合到犹太人的全部历史中。他又提到所罗门所建造的圣殿，并引用所罗门和以赛亚的话说：“其实至高者并不住人手所造的”（徒7:48）。“天是我的座位，地是我的脚凳，你们要为我造何等的殿宇，哪里是我安息的地方呢？这一切不都是我手所造的吗”（徒7:49,50）？敬拜上帝的最高地方乃是在天上。{SR 264.2}[9]
§23
He made plain his own loyalty to God and to the Jewish faith, while he showed that the law in which they trusted for salvation had not been able to preserve Israel from idolatry. He connected Jesus Christ with all the Jewish history. He referred to the building of the temple by Solomon, and to the words of both Solomon and Isaiah: Howbeit the Most High dwelleth not in temples made with hands. Heaven is My throne, and earth is My footstool: what house will ye build Me? saith the Lord: or what is the place of My rest? Hath not my hand made all these things? The place of Gods highest worship was in heaven. {SR 264.2}[9]
§24
司提反论到这一点时，听众中间起了骚动。这个囚犯在他前面许多人的脸上看明了自己的结局。他看到众人对他的话所表示的顽抗，因为他的话是在圣灵的感召下讲出来的。他知道这是他最后一次的见证。阅读司提反这篇讲章的人，很少能充分赏识它的价值。人必须想到当时的际遇时机和场合，才能从他的话中看出其全部意义。{SR 264.3}[10]
§25
When Stephen had reached this point, there was a tumult among the people. The prisoner read his fate in the countenances before him. He perceived the resistance that met his words, which were spoken at the dictation of the Holy Ghost. He knew that he was giving his last testimony. Few who read this address of Stephen properly appreciate it. The occasion, the time and place, should be borne in mind to make his words convey their full significance. {SR 264.3}[10]
§26
当司提反将耶稣基督结合到这些预言上，并说了那一句有关圣殿的话时，大祭司假装惊吓万状，撕裂自己的衣服。从此司提反看出他的声音很快就要永远止息了。这时他虽然只讲了一半，却忽然中断了他所讲的有系统的历史，并结束了他的讲论，随即转向愤怒的审判官说：“你们这硬着颈项，心与耳未受割礼的人，时常抗拒圣灵。你们的祖宗怎样，你们也怎样，哪一个先知，不是你们祖宗逼迫呢？他们也把预先传说那义者要来的人杀了，如今你们又把那义者卖了，杀了。你们受了天使所传的律法，竟不遵守”（徒7:51-53）。{SR 265.1}[11]
§27
When he connected Jesus Christ with the prophecies and spoke of the temple as he did, the priest, affecting to be horror stricken, rent his robe. This act was to Stephen a signal that his voice would soon be silenced forever. Although he was just in the midst of his sermon, he abruptly concluded it by suddenly breaking away from the chain of history, and, turning upon his infuriated judges, said, Ye stiffnecked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, ye do always resist the Holy Ghost: as your fathers did, so do ye. Which of the prophets have not your fathers persecuted? and they have slain them which shewed before of the coming of the Just One; of whom ye have been now the betrayers and murderers: who have received the law by the disposition of angels, and have not kept it. {SR 265.1}[11]
§28
【为道殉身】
§29
祭司和官长们因此大怒如狂，他们不象有理性的人，却象猛兽一般。他们咬牙切齿，冲向司提反去。他却一点不害怕；原来这都在他预料之中。他的容貌泰然自若，焕发着天使般的光芒，在他，那些狂怒的祭司和激昂的暴徒没有一点可怕的地方。“但司提反被圣灵充满，定晴望天，看见上帝的荣耀，又看见耶稣站在上帝的右边，就说：我看见天开了，人子站在上帝的右边”（徒7:55,56）。{SR 265.2}[12]
§30
【A Martyrs Death】
§31
At this priests and rulers were beside themselves with anger. They were more like wild beasts of prey than like human beings. They rushed upon Stephen, gnashing their teeth. But he was not intimidated; he had expected this. His face was calm, and shone with an angelic light. The infuriated priests and the excited mob had no terrors for him. But he, being full of the Holy Ghost, looked up stedfastly into heaven, and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing on the right hand of God, and said, Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of man standing on the right hand of God. {SR 265.2}[12]
§32
司提反面前的景象一时从他眼中消失了，天门向他敞开，他看见上帝天庭的荣耀，又看见基督，好像刚从宝座上站了起来，准备支持这将要为祂的名殉身的仆人。当司提反形容那向他展示的光荣景象时，那逼迫他的群众再也忍不住了。他们捂着耳朵，不要听他的话，并大声喊叫，一起拥上前向他猛然扑过去。“他们正用石头打的时候，司提反呼吁主说，求主耶稣接收我的灵魂，又跪下大声喊着说，主啊，不要将这罪归于他们，说了这话，就睡了”（徒7:59,60）。{SR 265.3}[13]
§33
The scene about him faded from his vision; the gates of heaven were ajar, and Stephen, looking in, saw the glory of the courts of God, and Christ, as if just risen from His throne, standing ready to sustain His servant, who was about to suffer martyrdom for His name. When Stephen proclaimed the glorious scene opened before him, it was more than his persecutors could endure. They stopped their ears, that they might not hear his words, and, uttering loud cries, ran furiously upon him with one accord. And they stoned Stephen, calling upon God, and saying, Lord Jesus, receive my spirit. And he kneeled down, and cried with a loud voice, Lord, lay not this sin to their charge. And when he had said this, he fell asleep. {SR 265.3}[13]
§34
这个忠心的殉道者，在这最残酷的死刑之下，竟象他神圣的夫子一样，为杀害他的人代祷。那些控告司提反的见证人必须最先下手用石头打他。这些人把他们的外衣放在扫罗脚前。扫罗曾积极参加反驳司提反的辩论会，而且也赞成把他治死。{SR 266.1}[14]
§35
Amid the agonies of this most cruel death the faithful martyr, like his divine Master, prayed for his murderers. The witnesses who had accused Stephen were required to cast the first stones. These persons laid down their clothes at the feet of Saul, who had taken an active part in the disputation and had consented to the prisoners death. {SR 266.1}[14]
§36
司提反的殉道使看见的人留下了深刻的印象，这事对教会乃是痛苦的试炼，但其结果却使扫罗悔改了。扫罗对于这一位殉道者的信心与节操，以及他所得到的荣耀，已经深刻脑海，无法磨灭。他脸上所有上帝的印记，以及他所讲的话，常留在一切看见之人的记忆中，并证明他所传的是真理，除了那些因抗拒真光而心地刚硬的人以外，他所讲的话深入了每一个听众的心灵之中。{SR 266.2}[15]
§37
The martyrdom of Stephen made a deep impression upon all who witnessed it. It was a sore trial to the church, but resulted in the conversion of Saul. The faith, constancy, and glorification of the martyr could not be effaced from his memory. The signet of God upon his face, his words, that reached to the very soul of all who heard them, except those who were hardened by resisting the light, remained in the memory of the beholders, and testified to the truth of that which he had proclaimed. {SR 266.2}[15]
§38
司提反被处死，并没有经过合法的判决。罗马当局既受了大笔金钱的贿赂，也就没有追究。在司提反受审和受死的过程中，扫罗似乎充满了一种疯狂的热心。后来他又深深自恨，因为他自己私下感悟到：司提反被人侮辱的时候，倒正为上帝所尊荣。{SR 266.3}[16]
§39
There had been no legal sentence passed upon Stephen, but the Roman authorities were bribed by large sums of money to make no investigation of the case. Saul seemed to be imbued with a frenzied zeal at the scene of Stephens trial and death. He seemed to be angered at his own secret convictions that Stephen was honored of God at the very period when he was dishonored of men. {SR 266.3}[16]
§40
扫罗继续逼迫上帝的教会，追捕信徒，进他们的家，拉着他们交给祭司和官长们监禁或治死。他逼迫的热情使耶路撒冷的教会大起恐慌。罗马当局没有采取什么特别的行动来阻止这种残酷的工作，反而暗地支持犹太人，为要讨好他们，博得他们的欢心。{SR 267.1}[17]
§41
He continued to persecute the church of God, hunting them down, seizing them in their houses, and delivering them up to the priests and rulers for imprisonment and death. His zeal in carrying forward the persecution was a terror to the Christians in Jerusalem. The Roman authorities made no special effort to stay the cruel work, and secretly aided the Jews in order to conciliate them and secure their favor. {SR 267.1}[17]
§42
学识渊博的扫罗成了撒但手中背叛上帝儿子的有力工具；但那一位比撒但更有能力的主已经拣选扫罗代替殉道者司提反的地位，为祂的名传道并受苦难。扫罗因他的学问和他逼迫信徒的热忱，极得一般犹太人的敬重，他本来不是犹太公会的会员，直到司提反死了之后，那时他当选为那个团体的一员，以奖励他在那次事件中所有的功绩。{SR 267.2}[18]
§43
The learned Saul was a mighty instrument in the hands of Satan to carry out his rebellion against the Son of God; but a mightier than Satan had selected Saul to take the place of the martyred Stephen, and to labor and suffer for His name. Saul was a man of much esteem among the Jews, for both his learning and his zeal in persecuting the believers. He was not a member of the Sanhedrin council until after the death of Stephen, when he was elected to that body in consideration of the part he had acted on that occasion. {SR 267.2}[18]