附录一：手淫与精神错乱
§1
附录一：手淫与精神错乱
§2
Appendix A Masturbation And Insanity
§3
E.H.赫尔在他的学术论文《手淫与精神错乱：一种观念的历史》（《精神科学杂志》1962年1月108:1）中提到了一份研究报告，其中调查了500名先后入住爱荷华州精神病院的患者。他说，报告的作者（马拉穆德.W和帕默.G《手淫在导致精神错乱中所起的作用》，《神经和精神疾病》1932年76:220）发现，在22个病例中，手淫“显然是造成精神错乱最主要的原因。”{TSB 268.1}[1]
§4
In his scholarly study on “Masturbatory Insanity; The History of an Idea,” (Journal of Mental Science 108:1, January, 1962), E. H. Hare refers to a study of 500 patients admitted consecutively to the Iowa state psychopathic hospital. He states that the authors of the study (Malamud, W., and Palmer, G., “The Role Played by Masturbation in the Causation of Mental Disturbances, Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders, 76:220, 1932) found that in twenty-two cases masturbation was “apparently the most important cause of disorder.”?{TSB 268.1}[1]
§5
他接着说：“作者的总结是，导致精神疾病的是手淫所产生的心理矛盾，而不是这种习惯本身。他们认为这个结论的依据是实施心理疗法，重新调整病人对手淫的观念所产生的效果。但是22位病人中有15位患抑郁症的事实，一定会使人对这个含糊结论的有效性产生怀疑，因为抑郁患者不仅会为疏忽他所认定的健康法则而自责，而且不管有没有进行心理疗法的治疗，他的病都可能痊愈。——第22页。{TSB 268.2}[2]
§6
He then continues: “The authors concluded that it was the mental conflict engendered by masturbation rather than the habit itself which led to the illness, and they believed this conclusion to be supported by the efficacy of psychotherapy directed towards readjusting the patient’s ideas about masturbation. Yet the fact that fifteen of the twenty-two patients suffered from depression must raise doubts about the validity even of this temperate conclusion, for the depressed patient is not only prone to blame himself for neglect of what he believes to be the rules of health, but also tends to recover from his illness whether treated by psychotherapy or not.”—P. 22.?{TSB 268.2}[2]
§7
赫尔就这样质疑马拉穆德和帕默的结论。但值得注意的是，他说他们的研究“是对手淫导致精神错乱假设为数不多的科学尝试之一（据我所知，这是唯一的一次真正的尝试）”。{TSB 269.1}[3]
§8
Thus Hare questions the conclusions of Malamud and Palmer, but says, significantly, that their study is “one of the very few attempts (indeed, as far as my reading goes, the only real attempt) at a scientific study of the masturbatory hypothesis [the hypothesis that masturbation can cause insanity].”?{TSB 269.1}[3]
§9
赫尔在承认“无法反驳手淫导致精神错乱的假设”之后提出了他的结论：“鉴于证据，我们只能说，手淫和精神错乱之间的联系是微弱而不稳定的；所以如果说手淫是致病的因素，那也许不是很重要的因素”（同上第19页）。{TSB 269.2}[4]
§10
After acknowledging that “there is no way of disproving the masturbatory hypothesis,” Hare offers his final conclusion: “All we can say, from the evidence, is that the association between masturbation and mental disorder is weak and inconstant and that therefore, if masturbation is a causal factor, it is probably not a very important one” (The Ministry of Healing, 19).?{TSB 269.2}[4]
§11
这位权威虽然贬低手淫和精神错乱之间的联系，但他并没有将之完全排除。更重要的是，他发现只进行过一次真正的尝试，从科学角度检验这一假设。{TSB 269.3}[5]
§12
So, although this authority minimizes the possibility that masturbation and insanity might be linked, he does not dismiss it altogether. Even more significantly, he has discovered that there has been only one real attempt to test the hypothesis scientifically.?{TSB 269.3}[5]
§13
李斯特C.和艾丽斯·克鲁在《青春期的发育和调整》（麦克劳.希尔教育出版集团，1965年）有关手淫的论述中下结论说：“这种性变态的后果尚未得到充分认识。”{TSB 269.4}[6]
§14
Writing of masturbation in their?Adolescent Development and Adjustment?(McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1965), Lester C. and Alice Crow conclude: “The effects of this form of sex perversion are not yet fully known.”?{TSB 269.4}[6]
§15
牛津大学医学哲学博士大卫·郝罗宾说：{TSB 269.5}[7]
§16
Dr. David Horrobin, an M.D. and Ph.D. from Oxford University, states:?{TSB 269.5}[7]
§17
“一次射精中所含的锌，相当于肠在一天中所吸收的全部锌元素。这会带来一系列后果。所损耗的锌若不通过增加饮食来补充，反复射精就可能导致严重的锌缺乏，产生各种问题，包括阳痿。“鉴于锌对大脑的重要性，十九世纪的道德学家说反复手淫会导致癫狂，这种看法可能是对的。”——《锌》（维他出版社，佛蒙特州圣奥尔本斯维他出版社，1981年）第8页。{TSB 269.6}[8]
§18
“The amount of zinc in semen is such that one ejaculation may get rid of all the zinc that can be absorbed from the intestines in one day. This has a number of consequences. Unless the amount lost is replaced by an increased dietary intake, repeated ejaculation may lead to a real zinc deficiency with various problems developing, including impotence. “It is even possible, given the importance of zinc?for the brain, that 19th century moralists were correct when they said that repeated masturbation could make one mad!”—Zinc (Vitabooks: St. Albans, Vermont, 1981), p. 8.?{TSB 269.6}[8]
§19
这种说法与卡尔·法伊弗医学哲学博士关于锌的著作中所说的话相似。他说：{TSB 270.1}[9]
§20
This statement is similar to that made by Carl C. Pfeiffer, Ph.D., M.D., in his book on zinc. He declares:?{TSB 270.1}[9]
§21
“但我们不得不说，在锌元素缺乏的青少年中，性冲动和过度手淫可能导致精神错乱”。——《锌和其它微量营养元素》（基茨出版社：康涅狄格州新坎南，1978年）45页{TSB 270.2}[10]
§22
“We hate to say it, but in a zinc-deficient adolescent, sexual excitement and excessive masturbation might precipitate insanity.”—Zinc and Other Micro-nutrients?(Keats: New Canaan, Conn., 1978), p. 45.?{TSB 270.2}[10]
§23
并非所有的医学权威都赞同这些结论，值得注意的是，一些学者的研究所得出的结论与怀爱伦的教导不谋而合。{TSB 270.3}[11]
§24
Not all medical authorities would agree with these conclusions, yet it is significant that there are some whose study and research have led them to opinions which are compatible with the teachings of Ellen White.?{TSB 270.3}[11]
§25
关于这个问题，详见《儿童教育指南》439-456页。{TSB 270.4}[12]
§26
See?Child Guidance, 439-456, for further information on this subject.?{TSB 270.4}[12]