第19章 教育的真正原则
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第19章 教育的真正原则
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Chap. 19 - True Principles in Education.
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(1896年4月2日抄录)
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我对应该为青少年做成的工作一直有负担；因为若不使他们受到截然不同的教育，他们又怎么能够成为基督的传道士呢？现今所谓的高等教育乃是一种欺骗的误称。高等教育乃是一种以圣经为一切教育真实基础的教育。在青少年的教育中需要那种唯独来自上帝的智慧。{SpTEd 164.2}[1]
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(Copied April 2, 1896.)
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I am constantly burdened in regard to the work that should be done for the youth; for how can they become missionaries for Christ unless a different kind of education be given them? The so-called higher education of the present day is a misnamed deception. Higher education is that which places the Bible as the very foundation of all education. In educating the youth there is need of that wisdom which comes only from God. {SpTEd 164.2}[1]
§7
把那些容易扰乱青年人思想的书放在青年人手中是不对的。教师们有时认为自己曾读过这些书，所以学生们也当读。但如果教师们从神圣的教师那里领受了亮光和智慧，就完全不会这样想了。他们就会权衡学校中所学之东西的利害关系。他们就必更彻底地传授普通而重要的功课，重视上帝的圣言为从天上来的粮食，以维持众人的属灵生命，将人与基督在上帝里维系在一起。基督说过：“吃我肉、喝我血的人就有永生，在末日我要叫他复活。我的肉真是可吃的，我的血真是可喝的。吃我肉、喝我血的人常在我里面，我也常在他里面。”“叫人活着的乃是灵，肉体是无益的。我对你们所说的话就是灵，就是生命”（约6:54-56,63）。{SpTEd 164.3}[2]
§8
It is a mistake to put into the hands of the youth books which puzzle and confuse them, a study of which cannot fail to mix things in their minds. The reason given for this study is that the teacher has passed over the same ground, and the student must follow. But if teachers were receiving light and wisdom from the Divine Teacher, they would look at these things in a very different way. They would measure the relative importance of the things to be learned in school; the common, essential branches of education would be more thoroughly taught, and the word of God would be honored and esteemed as the Bread sent down from heaven, which sustains all spiritual life, binding the human agent with Christ in God. Whoso eateth my flesh, and drinketh my blood, said Christ, hath eternal life; and I will raise him up at the last day. For my flesh is meat indeed, and my blood is drink indeed. He that eateth my flesh, and drinketh my blood, dwelleth in me, and I in him. It is the Spirit that quickeneth; the flesh profiteth nothing: the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are life. {SpTEd 164.3}[2]
§9
我们各学校的教师若是愿意查考圣经为要亲自明白圣经，向上帝在圣经中所赐的宝贵亮光敞开心门，他们若是愿意行在上帝所赐的光中，就会蒙上帝教导。他们就会实践真理，且会以完全不同的路线做工，不怎么引进那些与上帝毫无联系之人的理论和观点了。他们就不会尊荣有限的智慧，而会对来自上帝的智慧深感渴慕了。{SpTEd 165.1}[3]
§10
If the teachers in our schools would search the Scriptures for the purpose of understanding them for their individual selves, opening their hearts to the precious rays of light God has given in his word, if they would walk in the light God has given, they would be taught of God. They would practise the truth, and would labor in entirely different lines, bringing in less of the theories and sentiments of men who have never had a connection with God. They would honor finite wisdom far less, and would feel a deep soul-hunger for that wisdom which cometh from God. {SpTEd 165.1}[3]
§11
天国所有的财宝都已交给了耶稣基督。祂能把这些宝贵的恩赐分给凡殷勤恒切寻求的人。上帝使祂成为“我们的智慧、公义、圣洁、救赎”（林前1:30）。然而许多人的祷告只讲形式，毫无向善的影响，不能成为活的香气叫他们自己和其他人活。教师们若肯在上帝面前虚心，认识到自己接受了一批青年，要让他们为不朽的来生受教育，这是何等重大的责任，他们的态度就会有显著的改变，他们的祷告就不会是枯燥无味的了。他们必恳切地祈求，深感自己的危险。他们必天天向耶稣学习，以上帝的话为自己个人的课本，活生生地感受到圣经是上帝的声音，他们心灵的氛围就会发生根本的变化。他们天天在基督的学校里学习功课，就能克服为首争先的试探。他们再也不会那么自信地依赖自己的聪明。{SpTEd 165.2}[4]
§12
All the treasures of heaven were committed to Jesus Christ, that he might give these precious gifts to the diligent, persevering seeker. He is of God made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption. But even the prayers of many are so formal that they carry with them no influence for good; they are not a savor of life unto themselves or anybody else. If teachers would humble their hearts before God and realize the responsibilities they have accepted in taking charge of the youth with the object of educating them for the future immortal life, a marked change would soon be seen in their attitude. Their prayers would not be dry and lifeless, but they would pray with the earnestness of souls who feel their own peril. Daily learning of Jesus, taking the word of God as their own individual lesson-book, having a living sense that it is the voice of God, the atmosphere surrounding their souls would change materially. The temptation to be first would be quenched in the lessons daily learned in the school of Christ. They would not lean so confidently to their own understanding. {SpTEd 165.2}[4]
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教师若不在基督门下学习，他们所教的学生就很少能青出于蓝而胜于蓝。他们的学生要想起来，就会受到压制，受教训要安分守己，服从他们老师的意愿，听老师的话。这种教师要向上帝交账，因为他们原可为善，在学生心中造成好的印象，却因想要表现自己的聪明，坚持旧有的习惯和风俗而没有行出来。旧约圣经论到一等人说：他“没有从这器皿倒在那器皿里，……因此，他的原味尚存，香气未变”（耶48:11）。基督看到犹太人唯一的指望就是发生明确的改变，但他们不愿接受亮光，不愿让上帝的圣灵陶冶塑造他们成为尊贵的器皿，他们所具有的品格便使他们灭亡了。{SpTEd 166.1}[5]
§14
The youth who are instructed by those teachers who are not learning in the school of Christ, will seldom rise higher than their teachers. If they should try to rise, they would be repressed and taught to keep their place as subordinates to the will and word of their teachers. Such teachers are accountable to God for the good that they might have done in impressing the minds of their students, but which they did not do because they wished to show themselves wise in clinging to old habits and customs. It is stated in the Old Testament of one, He hath not been emptied from vessel to vessel; therefore his taste remained in him, and his scent is not changed. Christ saw that the only hope for the Jews was for them to be decidedly changed, but they would not receive the light, and let the Holy Spirit of God mold and fashion them into a vessel unto honor, and the character they possessed wrought their own ruin. {SpTEd 166.1}[5]
§15
我们学校的教师今日正处在步基督时代犹太人后尘的危险之中。他们不论地位高低，也不论如何为自己的教学才能而自豪，若不打开心灵之殿，接受公义日头的光照，就会在天上的册子上被列为不信的人。他们的教训和榜样遮住了本应照耀学生的光线。他们的危险就是以自我为中心，以为自己太聪明了，不再需要受教导。犹太人就是这样。{SpTEd 167.1}[6]
§16
The teachers in our schools are today in danger of following in the same track as did the Jews in Christs day. Whatever may be their position, however they may pride themselves upon their ability to teach, unless these teachers open the chambers of their soul-temple to receive the bright rays of the Sun of Righteousness, they are written in the books of heaven as unbelievers. By their precept and example they intercept the rays of light that would come to the students. Their danger is in being self-centered, and too wise to be instructed. Thus it was with the Jews. {SpTEd 167.1}[6]
§17
我们正生活在充满着败坏的世界上。我们若不把永活的基督接到心中，信靠并遵行祂的话，就会被撇弃，像犹太人那样盲目。所有的教师都需要收集照在他们道路上的每一线天赐的亮光；因为作为教师他们需要亮光。有些人说：“是的，我想我很渴望这样做。”其实他们是在欺骗自己。你从什么地方得到你的光呢？你一直在从什么泉源取饮呢？主告诉我已有不少我们学校的教师离弃了黎巴嫩的雪水而去追求山谷中的浊水。只有上帝能引导我们安然行走那通往更美家乡就是天乡的道路。但是教师们非但不认真聪明地追求那更美的家乡，反而使那些处于他们影响之下的学生漠不关心，乃至于忽视那以无限价值为他们换来的伟大救恩。{SpTEd 167.2}[7]
§18
We are in a world full of corruption, and if we do not receive the living Christ into our hearts, believing and doing his words, we shall be left as blind as were the Jews. All teachers need to grasp every ray of heavenly light shed upon their pathway; for as instructors they need light. Some say, Yes; I think I am anxious for this; but they deceive themselves. Where do you get your light? From what fountain have you been drinking? I have the word of the Lord that not a few of the teachers in our schools have left the snow waters of Lebanon for the turbid streams of the valley. God alone can guide us safely in paths which lead to the better country, even a heavenly. But the teachers who are not earnestly and intelligently seeking that better country, are leading those under their influence to be careless and to neglect the great salvation bought for them at an infinite price. {SpTEd 167.2}[7]
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我们所有的教师都必须与上帝保持密切的联系。如果上帝要差遣祂的圣灵进入我们的学校，来陶冶和塑造心灵，提高理智，将上帝的智慧赐给学生，就会有一些人在他们目前的状况下构成上帝和需要真光之人之间的隔墙。他们不愿明白圣灵的工作，从来也没有明白。圣灵的工作对于他们来说，向来就像基督的教训对于犹太人一样，是深奥莫测希奇的事。上帝圣灵的工作并不是要引起人的好奇心。上帝圣灵的显示不能由人来干涉，我们必须让上帝作工。{SpTEd 168.1}[8]
§20
A close connection with God must be maintained by all our teachers. If God should send his Holy Spirit into our schools to mold and fashion the hearts, elevate the intellect, and give divine wisdom to the students, there are those who, in their present state, would interpose themselves between God and those who need the light. They would not understand the work of the Holy Spirit; they have never understood it; in the past it has been to them as great a mystery as were Christs lessons to the Jews. The working of the Holy Spirit of God is not to create curiosity; it is not for men to decide whether they shall lay their hands upon the manifestations of the Spirit of God. We must let God work. {SpTEd 168.1}[8]
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教师若甘心坐在基督的学校里向大教师学习，就不会再像现在那样以为自己样样都懂。他们若以上帝为导师，就会承认上帝，尊荣祂的名。学生们就会像古时先知学校的学生一样。那时，上帝的灵降在他们身上，他们就说起预言来。人类的大敌正设法把毫无生气的气氛散布在我们的一切机构。他总是要改变和利用每一情况来为自己服务，排斥耶稣基督。今日像基督的日子一样，上帝不能施行许多大事，因为那些处于负责地位的人没有信心。他们需要先得到上帝改变人心的大能，然后才会明白上帝的话，才会乐于虚心地在祂面前作学生。{SpTEd 168.2}[9]
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When teachers are willing to sit in the school of Christ and learn of the Great Teacher, they will know far less in their own estimation than they do now. When God becomes the teacher, he will be acknowledged, his name will be magnified; the students will be as were the young men in the schools of the prophets, who caught the Spirit of God, and prophesied. But the great adversary of souls is seeking to bring a dead, lifeless spiritual atmosphere into all our institutions. He works to turn and twist every circumstance to his own advantage, to the exclusion of Jesus Christ. Today, as in the days of Christ, God cannot do many mighty works because of the unbelief of those who stand in responsible positions. The converting power of God is needed before they will understand the word of God, and before they will be willing to humble themselves before God as learners. {SpTEd 168.2}[9]
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预言向我们指出，我们已接近世界的末日。才智的力量，天赋，自以为高明的判断力，都不能预备青年人成为上帝的传道士。凡要受教育为上帝作工和服务的人，不可能指望因在安娜堡（一所属世的大学）进修文科或医科而就能在耶稣基督里更加完全。许多人由于上这类学校反丧失了担任传道工作的资格。他们因把上帝撇在一边，并接受世人为帮助者而羞辱了祂。上帝说：“尊重我的，我必看重他，藐视我的，他必被藐视”（撒上2:30）。?{SpTEd 168.3}[10]
§24
Prophecy tells us that we are near the close of time. Intellectual power, natural abilities, supposed excellent judgment, will not prepare the youth to become missionaries for God. No one who is seeking an education for the work and service of God, will be made more complete in Jesus Christ by receiving the supposed finishing touch at Ann Arbor, either in literary or medical lines. Many have been unfitted to do missionary work by attending such schools. They have dishonored God by leaving him on one side, and accepting man as their helper. Them that honor me I will honor, and they that despise me shall be lightly esteemed. {SpTEd 168.3}[10]
§25
我们的宗教经验给上帝带来的羞辱很重地压在我心上。我们应当接受上帝的圣言，为我们的信心的依据和成终者，必须全心全意地接受经上的话。祂的话乃是生命，必须与我们的实际生活结合起来。人若这样接受上帝的话，它就会使人在恩惠的脚凳前自卑，与各种败坏的影响隔开。{SpTEd 169.1}[11]
§26
The burden of the dishonor given to God all through our religious experience, presses upon my mind very heavily. His word should be received as the foundation and the finisher of our faith. It is to be received with the understanding and the whole heart; it is life, and is to be incorporated into our very existence. Thus received, the word of God will humble man at the footstool of mercy, and separate him from every corrupting influence. {SpTEd 169.1}[11]
§27
以赛亚说：“当乌西雅王崩的那年，我见主坐在高高的宝座上，祂的衣裳垂下，遮满圣殿。其上有撒弗拉侍立，各有六个翅膀，用两个翅膀遮脸，两个翅膀遮脚，两个翅膀飞翔，彼此呼喊说：圣哉，圣哉，万军之耶和华，祂的荣光充满全地，因呼喊者的声音，门槛的根基震动，殿充满了烟云。”在这一庄严的异象前，先知看到自己的不洁，又住在不洁的百姓之中，他喊着说：“祸哉！我灭亡了，因为我是嘴唇不洁的人，又住在嘴唇不洁的民中，又因我眼见大君王万军之耶和华”（赛6:1-5）。有多少从事负责工作的人需要象以赛亚那样看见上帝啊！因为在祂的荣耀和尊严面前，自我就会显得毫无价值。{SpTEd 169.2}--1894年2月10日写于墨尔本[12]
§28
In the year that king Uzziah died, says Isaiah, I saw also the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up, and his train filled the temple. Above it stood the seraphims: each one had six wings; with twain he covered his face, and with twain he covered his feet, and with twain he did fly. And one cried unto another, and said, Holy, holy, holy, is the Lord of Hosts: the whole earth is full of his glory. And the posts of the door moved at the voice of him that cried, and the house was filled with smoke. Beholding this grand and glorious representation, the prophet discerned his own imperfections and those of the people with whom he dwelt. Woe is me! he said, for I am undone; because I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips: for mine eyes have seen the King, the Lord of Hosts. O, how many who are engaged in this work of responsibility need to behold God as did Isaiah; for in the presence of his glory and majesty self will sink into nothingness. Melbourne, Feb. 10, 1894. - {SpTEd 169.2}[12]