第06章 环境对教育的影响
§1
第06章 环境对教育的影响
§2
Chap. 6 - Educational Influence of Surroundings.
§3
在选择家庭住址时，父母不应单受暂时的需要所支配。这个问题不完全涉及他们可以挣最多钱的地方，或他们会有最舒服的环境或最大社交利益的地方。将要包围他们的儿女、左右他们为善为恶的影响，比这些考虑事项都重要。父母们在选择住址时负有一个极其严肃的责任。他们要尽可能地安家在光明的渠道中，在可以保持家人的感情纯洁、他们对上帝的爱和彼此相爱的心能够活跃的地方。同样的原则也适用于我们学校的选址，那里将是青年聚集之地，许多家庭也会因教育优势的缘故被吸引到那里。{SpTEd 43.1}[1]
§4
In the selection of a home, parents should not be governed by temporal considerations merely. It is not altogether a question of the place where they can make the most money, or where they will have the most pleasant surroundings, or the greatest social advantages. The influences that will surround their children, and sway them for good or evil, are of more consequence than any of these considerations. A most solemn responsibility rests upon parents in choosing a place of residence. As far as possible they are to place their families in the channel of light, where their affections will be kept pure, and their love to God and to one another active. The same principle applies to the location of our schools, where the youth will be gathered, and families will be attracted for the sake of the educational advantages. {SpTEd 43.1}[1]
§5
应当不遗余力地为我们的学校选择道德氛围尽可能健康的地方；因为盛行的影响会给青年留下深刻的影响并且形成品格。因此，最好选择僻静的地方。大城市、商业和学术中心，似乎显示一些优势；但这些优势的份量却不及其它考虑事项。{SpTEd 43.2}[2]
§6
No pains should be spared to select places for our schools where the moral atmosphere will be as healthful as possible; for the influences that prevail will leave a deep impress on young and forming characters. For this reason a retired locality is best. The great cities, the centers of business and learning, may seem to present some advantages; but these advantages are outweighed by other considerations. {SpTEd 43.2}[2]
§7
当今社会是败坏的，如同挪亚的日子一样。对于洪水前长寿的人来说，离乐园只有一步之遥，上帝赐予厚恩，他们拥有今人无法想象的体力和智力；但他们却将祂的厚恩，和祂所赐给他们的力量与技能用于自私的目的，侍奉不法的欲望，满足骄傲。他们将上帝置之度外；藐视祂的律法；将祂品格的标准践踏在尘埃。他们纵情于罪恶的宴乐，在上帝面前败坏自己的行为，并且彼此败坏。暴力和罪行充斥全地。婚姻关系和财产权利都不受尊重；受压迫之人的呼声达到了万军之主的耳中。人们因注视罪恶而变成罪恶的形像，直到上帝再也不能容忍他们的邪恶，他们就被洪水冲去了。{SpTEd 43.3}[3]
§8
Society at the present time is corrupt, as it was in the days of Noah. To the long-lived antediluvian race, only a step from paradise, God gave rich gifts, and they possessed a strength of body and mind of which men now have but a faint idea; but they used his bounties, and the strength and skill he gave them, for selfish purposes, to minister to unlawful appetites, and to gratify pride. They expelled God from their thoughts; they despised his law; trampled his standard of character in the dust. They reveled in sinful pleasure, corrupting their ways before God, and corrupting one another. Violence and crime filled the earth. Neither the marriage relation nor the rights of property were respected; and the cries of the oppressed entered into the ears of the Lord of Sabaoth. By beholding evil, men became changed into its image, until God could bear with their wickedness no longer, and they were swept away by the flood. {SpTEd 43.3}[3]
§9
在大城市中受教育的青年周围的影响与洪水前盛行的罪恶相似。上帝和祂律法的原则同样遭到漠视，今日人们同样爱宴乐、爱满足私欲、爱骄傲和虚荣。世人陷于宴乐之中；不道德的行为盛行；弱者和无助之人的权利遭到漠视；全世界的大城市都在迅速变成罪恶的温床。{SpTEd 44.1}[4]
§10
The youth educated in large cities are surrounded by influences similar to those that prevailed before the flood. The same principles of disregard for God and his law; the same love of pleasure of selfish gratification, and of pride and vanity are at work at the present time. The world is given up to pleasure; immorality prevails; the rights of the weak and helpless are disregarded; and, the world over, the large cities are fast becoming hotbeds of iniquity. {SpTEd 44.1}[4]
§11
爱好娱乐是最大的危险之一。因为在城市中袭击青少年的许多试探中，它是最阴险的。我们有许多节假日；各种竞赛和马赛吸引了成千上万的人；频繁的宴乐和刺激引诱他们偏离严肃的生活责任。本应节省下来作更佳用途，如增加穷人菲薄收入的金钱，却浪费在娱乐之上。{SpTEd 44.2}[5]
§12
The love of pleasure is one of the most dangerous, because it is one of the most subtle, of the many temptations that assail the children and youth in the cities. Holidays are numerous; games and horse-racing draw thousands, and the whirl of excitement and pleasure attracts them away from the sober duties of life. Money that should have been saved for better uses--in many cases the scanty earnings of the poor--is frittered away for amusements. {SpTEd 44.2}[5]
§13
人不断地寻欢作乐，表明了他心中的深切渴望。但那些从世俗享乐之泉取饮的人，必发觉他们心灵的干渴得不到满足。他们上了当，把娱乐当作幸福；及至兴奋一消失，许多人就陷入灰心失望的深渊中了。放弃“活水的泉源”而想在“破裂不能存水的池子”（耶2:13）里取饮，这是多么狂妄愚昧啊！我们心中深感在这些末后的日子包围着青年们的危险；那些来到我们这里受教育的人，和那些被吸引到我们学校的家庭，岂不要尽可能退避这些诱人的腐化影响吗？ SpTEd 45.1}[6]
§14
The continual craving for pleasurable amusements reveals the deep longings of the soul. But those who drink at this fountain of worldly pleasure, will find their soul-thirst still unsatisfied. They are deceived; they mistake mirth for happiness; and when the excitement ceases, many sink down into the depths of despondency and despair. O what madness, what folly to forsake the Fountain of living waters for the broken cisterns of worldly pleasure! We feel to the depth of the soul the peril that surrounds the youth in these last days; and shall not those who come to us for an education, and the families that are attracted to our schools, be withdrawn, as far as possible, from these seductive and demoralizing influences? {SpTEd 45.1}[6]
§15
在为我们的学校选择僻静的地方时，我们片刻也不要以为是在把青年安置在不会受到试探的地方。撒但是一个非常勤勉的工人，正在不知疲倦地想方设法败坏每一个向他的暗示敞开心门的人。他来到家庭和个人所在之处，使他的试探适合他们的爱好和弱点。但在大城市中，他控制人心的能力更大，他缠住粗心脚步的网罗更多。我们的学校周围应有大片土地。有些学生从未学会节约，总是花掉能得到的每一分钱。不应断绝这些人受教育的手段。应该给他们提供工作，且将书本的学习与训练他们勤劳节俭的习惯结合起来。要让他们学会重视自助的必要性。{SpTEd 45.2}[7]
§16
In choosing retired localities for our schools, we do not for a moment suppose that we are placing the youth beyond the reach of temptation. Satan is a very diligent worker, and is untiring in devising ways to corrupt every mind that is open to his suggestions. He meets families and individuals on their own ground, adapting his temptations to their inclinations and weaknesses. But in the large cities his power over minds is greater, and his nets for the entanglement of unwary feet are more numerous. In connection with our schools, ample grounds should be provided. There are some students who have never learned to economize, and have always spent every shilling they could get. These should not be cut off from the means of gaining an education. Employment should be furnished them, and with their study of books should be mingled a training in industrious, frugal habits. Let them learn to appreciate the necessity of helping themselves. {SpTEd 45.2}[7]
§17
应该为所有学生提供工作，无论他们有没有能力付学费；体力和智力应该受到相称的关注。学生应当学会耕种土地；因为这会使他们与大自然密切接触。{SpTEd 46.1}[8]
§18
There should be work for all students, whether they are able to pay their way or not; the physical and mental powers should receive proportionate attention. Students should learn to cultivate the land; for this will bring them into close contact with nature. {SpTEd 46.1}[8]
§19
大自然中有一种使人文雅、折服的影响力，在选择校址时应该予以考虑。上帝在训练人们为祂工作时，重视了这个原则。摩西曾花四十年在米甸的旷野。施洗约翰使自己适合作基督先锋的崇高恩召，并非藉着在耶路撒冷的学校中与国中的伟人们交往，而是进入旷野，在那里人们的习惯和道理不会影响他的心思，在那里他能畅通无阻地与上帝交通。{SpTEd 46.2}[9]
§20
There is a refining, subduing influence in nature that should be taken into account in selecting the locality for a school. God has regarded this principle in training men for his work. Moses spent forty years in the wilds of Midian. John the Baptist was not fitted for his high calling as the forerunner of Christ by association with the great men of the nation in the schools at Jerusalem. He went out into the wilderness, where the customs and doctrines of men could not mold his mind, and where he could hold unobstructed communion with God. {SpTEd 46.2}[9]
§21
当那些迫害蒙爱的门徒约翰的人谋求止息他的声音，摧毁他在民中的影响时，他们曾把他流放到拔摩的海岛上。但他们不能使他与那位神圣的教师隔绝。在孤寂的拔摩岛上，约翰能研究上帝所创造的东西。在凹凸不平的岩石上，在海岛周围的众水中，他能看到上帝的伟大和威严。而当他与上帝交通，研究大自然的课本时，他便听到了对他说话的声音，就是上帝儿子的声音。耶稣曾是约翰在拔摩岛上的教师，祂在那里向祂的仆人展开了将来要发生的奇妙的事。{SpTEd 46.3}[10]
§22
When the persecutors of John, the beloved disciple, sought to still his voice and destroy his influence among the people, they exiled him to the Isle of Patmos. But they could not separate him from the Divine Teacher. On lonely Patmos, John could study the things that God had created. In the rugged rocks, in the waters that surrounded the island, he could see the greatness and majesty of God. And while he was communing with God, and studying the book of nature, he heard a voice speaking to him, the voice of the Son of God. Jesus was Johns teacher upon the Isle of Patmos, and he there unfolded to his servant wonderful things that were to take place in time to come. {SpTEd 46.3}[10]
§23
上帝希望我们在祂的创造之工中欣赏祂的福气。多少孩童在拥挤的城市中甚至连一片踏足的青草地都没有。他们若能在乡间、在自然界的美好、安宁和纯净中受教育，对他们来说就似乎在离天国最近的地方。在僻静的地方，我们离世上败坏的格言、习惯和兴奋最远，离大自然的心最近，基督使我们感到祂真实的同在，并向我们的心灵述说祂的平安和仁爱。{SpTEd 46.4}--1896年5月11日[11]
§24
God would have us appreciate his blessings in his created works. How many children there are in the crowded cities that have not even a spot of green grass to set their feet upon. If they could be educated in the country, amid the beauty, peace, and purity of nature, it would seem to them the spot nearest heaven. In retired places, where we are farthest from the corrupting maxims, customs, and excitements of the world, and nearest to the heart of nature, Christ makes his presence real to us, and speaks to our souls of his peace and love. May 11, 1896. - {SpTEd 46.4}[11]