第83章 老年医学
§1
第83章 老年医学
§2
Chapter 83—Geriatrics
§3
觉得自己还有用处——老年人也需要家庭的有益影响。在主内弟兄姐妹的家里，可以补偿他们自己失去的家庭。如果能鼓励他们参与家庭的福利和事务，他们就会觉得自己还有用处。要使他们觉得他们的帮助是有价值的，他们在服务别人上仍有事可做。这会使他们高兴，并给他们的生活带来乐趣。--MH204(1905).{2MCP 745.1}[1]
§4
Usefulness Not at an End—The aged also need the helpful influences of the family. In the home of brethren and sisters in Christ can most nearly be made up to them the loss of their own home. If encouraged to share in the interests and occupations of the household, it will help them to feel that their usefulness is not at an end. Make them feel that their help is valued, that there is something yet for them to do in ministering to others, and it will cheer their hearts and give interest to their lives.—The Ministry of Healing, 204 (1905).?{2MCP 745.1}[1]
§5
留在熟悉的环境中——在可能的情况下，要让白发苍苍、步履蹒跚、行将就木的老者仍留在亲友中间。要让他们与所爱所认识的人一同敬拜上帝。要有慈爱温和的手照顾他们。--MH204(1905).{2MCP 745.2}[2]
§6
Familiar Surroundings Desirable—As far as possible let those whose whitening heads and failing steps show that they are drawing near to the grave remain among friends and familiar associations. Let them worship among those whom they have known and loved. Let them be cared for by loving and tender hands.—The Ministry of Healing, 204 (1905).?{2MCP 745.2}[2]
§7
设立老人院不是最好的办法——常有人敦促关于照顾我们无家可归的老年兄弟姐妹们的事。可以为他们作什么呢？主启示我的光，再经申述：设立机构收容老年人，让他们住在一起，这不是最好的办法。也不可把他们送到别的地方去得人的照应。每个家人应当服事自己的亲族。如果这事不可能，教会就该办理此事，接受此举，应看作是一种本分，也是一种特权。凡有基督精神的人，必特别以敬重慈怜的心关注老弱的人。--6T272(1900).{2MCP 745.3}[3]
§8
Homes for Aged Not the Remedy—The matter of caring for our aged brethren and sisters who have no homes is constantly being urged. What can be done for them? The light which the Lord has given me has been repeated:?It is not best to establish institutions for the care of the aged, that they may be in a company together. Nor should they be sent away from home to receive care. Let the members of every family minister to their own relatives. When this is not possible, the work belongs to the church, and it should be accepted both as a duty and as a privilege. All who have Christ’s spirit will regard the feeble and aged with special respect and tenderness.—Testimonies for the Church 6:272 (1900).?{2MCP 745.3}[3]
§9
使生活美满高雅——这种孤苦的人，若有一位在我们家里，那实在是一个宝贵的机会，使我们在慈善工作上与基督合作，培养像祂那样的品格。老年人与青年人相处是有益的。青年人可以把阳光带到老年人的心里和生活中。年老体衰的人需要得益于青年人的希望与活力。青年人则可以受益于老年人的智慧与经验。最重要的，是青年人必须学习无私服务的功课。一个需要同情、容忍和自我牺牲之爱的人，会给许多家庭带来无价的福份，使家庭的生活美满高雅，使老少双方都彰显基督的美德。这种美德会使他们呈现神圣之美和天上不朽的财富。--MH204,205(1905).{2MCP 746.1}[4]
§10
Sweetens and Refines the Life—The presence in our homes of one of these helpless ones is a precious opportunity to cooperate with Christ in His ministry of mercy and to develop traits of character like His. There is a blessing in the association of the old and the young. The young may bring sunshine into the hearts and lives of the aged. Those whose hold on life is weakening need the benefit of contact with the hopefulness and buoyancy of youth. And the young may be helped by the wisdom and experience of the old. Above all they need to learn the lesson of unselfish ministry. The presence of one in need of sympathy and forbearance and self-sacrificing love would be to many a household a priceless blessing. It would sweeten and refine the homelife and call forth in old and young those Christlike graces that would make them beautiful with a divine beauty and rich in heaven’s imperishable treasure.—The Ministry of Healing, 204, 205 (1905).?{2MCP 746.1}[4]
§11
孩子与老人相依为命——孩子与老人相依为命，孩子向老人寻求指导和智慧，老人向孩子求帮助和同情，这是一幅多么感人的画面！事情也应该是这样。上帝希望青年人所拥有的品格资质，能使他们喜欢与老人交朋友，同那些接近坟墓边缘的人建立亲密的友谊。--ST1888年10月19日.(SD161.){2MCP 746.2}[5]
§12
Youth and Age Uniting Forces—How touching to see youth and old age relying one upon the other: the youth looking up to the aged for counsel and wisdom, the aged looking to the youth for help and sympathy. This is as it should be. God would have the young possess such qualification of character that they shall find delight in the friendship of the old, that they may be united in the endearing bonds of affection to those who are approaching the borders of the grave.—The Signs of the Times, October 19, 1888. (Sons and Daughters of God, 161.)?{2MCP 746.2}[5]
§13
对年长父母的关心——父母该受儿女的敬爱，过于其他的人。上帝亲自把教养儿女的责任托付给父母，所以祂规定在儿女幼年时，父母要向他们代表上帝。凡否定父母应有之权威的人，就等于否定了上帝的权威。第五条诫命不单要儿女尊敬顺服他们的父母，而且要亲切地爱他们，减轻他们的忧虑，保护他们的名誉，并要在他们老年的时候奉养他们，安慰他们。这一条诫命也吩咐人尊敬传道人和官长，以及一切上帝赐以权柄的人。--PP308(1890).{2MCP 747.1}[6]
§14
The Care of Aged Parents—Parents are entitled to a degree of love and respect which is due to no other person. God Himself, who has placed upon them a responsibility for the souls committed to their charge, has ordained that during the earlier years of life, parents shall stand in the place of God to their children. And he who rejects the rightful authority of his parents is rejecting the authority of God. The fifth commandment requires children not only to yield respect, submission, and obedience to their parents but also to give them love and tenderness, to lighten their cares, to guard their reputation, and to succor and comfort them in old age. It also enjoins respect for ministers and rulers and for all others to whom God has delegated authority.—Patriarchs and Prophets, 308 (1890).?{2MCP 747.1}[6]
§15
人年纪大了，精力就会衰退——有老人要照顾的人要记住，老人特别需要温暖舒适的房间。人年纪大了，精力就会衰退，抵抗种种不健康影响的力量也减弱了，所以更需要充足的阳光和清洁新鲜的空气。--MH275(1905).{2MCP 747.2}[7]
§16
Vigor Declines as Years Advance—Those who have the aged to provide for should remember that these especially need warm, comfortable rooms. Vigor declines as years advance, leaving less vitality with which to resist unhealthful influences; hence the greater necessity for the aged to have plenty of sunlight and fresh, pure air.—The Ministry of Healing, 275 (1905).?{2MCP 747.2}[7]
§17
适应智力的衰退——往往有这种情形出现，老年人对于自己精神及体力的日见衰弱，不愿知道，也不愿承认。他们把儿女应作的事揽来自办，以至减短了天年。撒但往往利用他们的想象力，使他们对于钱财长怀忧虑，成为他们的偶像，孜孜搜藏，一毛不拔。他们有时宁可剥夺自己生活的安舒，过度操劳，而不愿花用自己的钱财分文。在这种情形之下，他们长感缺乏，因害怕将来缺乏。{2MCP 747.3}[8]
§18
Adjusting to Declining Mental Strength—It is frequently the case that aged persons are unwilling to realize and acknowledge that their mental strength is failing. They shorten their days by taking care which belongs to their children. Satan often plays upon their imagination and leads them to feel a continual anxiety in regard to their money. It is their idol, and they hoard it with miserly care. They will sometimes deprive themselves of many of the comforts of life and labor beyond their strength, rather than use the means which they have. In this way they place themselves in continual want, through fear that sometime in the future they shall want.?{2MCP 747.3}[8]
§19
这一切的忧虑都是出于撒但。他煽动那使他们有奴隶般的忧惧及疑忌的感官，以至败坏了高贵的灵性，破坏了高尚的思想和感情。这等人利令智昏，钱迷财狂。{2MCP 747.4}[9]
§20
All these fears originate with Satan. He excites the organs which lead to slavish fears and jealousies which?corrupt nobleness of soul and destroy elevated thoughts and feelings. Such persons are insane upon the subject of money.?{2MCP 747.4}[9]
§21
他们若肯取上帝所要他们取的立场，他们的晚年就会是最好及最快乐的了。人若有诚实及善于理财的儿女，就当信任他们，及让他们使自己享些清福。否则，撒但就要利用他们的精力衰弱而代为处理了。他们应当放下一切忧虑及重担，尽量享几年福，并为天国而妥为预备。--1T423,424(1864).{2MCP 748.1}[10]
§22
If they would take the position which God would have them, their last days might be their best and happiest. Those who have children in whose honesty and judicious management they have reason to confide, should let their children make them happy. Unless they do this, Satan will take advantage of their lack of mental strength and will manage for them. They should lay aside anxiety and burdens and occupy their time as happily as they can, and be ripening up for heaven.—Testimonies for the Church 1:423, 424 (1864).?{2MCP 748.1}[10]
§23
刚发生的事也记不住——在上帝的圣工上年迈力衰的人，对周围的事物也许不太敏感，刚发生的事也记不住。但他们对于自己年轻时的经历却记忆犹新。唯愿青年人能认识到必须保守自己的心灵清洁，不为败坏的思想所玷污，避免一切卑陋的行为。因为青年时期纯洁与否，在年老的时候要反映出来。--YI,1894年10月25日.(SD78.){2MCP 748.2}[11]
§24
Recent Memory Passes Fast—He who has grown old in the service of God may find his mind a blank in regard to the things that are happening about him, and recent transactions may soon pass from his memory; but his mind is all awake to the scenes and transactions of his childhood. Oh, that the youth may realize how important it is to keep the mind guarded, pure and clean, from corrupting thoughts and to preserve the soul from all debasing practices, for the purity or impurity of youth is reflected upon old age.—The Youth’s Instructor, October 25, 1894. (Sons and Daughters of God, 78.)?{2MCP 748.2}[11]
§25
品性随着年龄而俱增——我蒙指示，见到大卫祈求主在他年老之时不要丢弃他，和他发出这番恳切祈祷的缘故。他曾见到自己四围的老年人大半是不快乐的，而这种不快乐的品性尤其是随着年龄而俱增。有的人若是本来有吝啬及贪得的天性，到了年老之时便益发如此。至于那些生性嫉妒，急躁，不忍耐的人，在年事已高之时，也更是那样。--1T422(1864).{2MCP 748.3}[12]
§26
Traits Intensify in Old Age—I was shown David entreating the Lord not to forsake him when he should be old, and what it was that called forth his earnest prayer. He saw that most of the aged around him were unhappy and that unhappy traits of character increased especially with age. If persons were naturally close and covetous, they were most disagreeably so in their old age. If they were jealous, fretful, and impatient, they were especially so when aged.—Testimonies for the Church 1:422 (1864).?{2MCP 748.3}[12]
§27
抑制不住的妒忌和错误的判断——大卫见到一些君王及贵人，在年壮力强之时似乎敬畏上帝，及至年衰体弱之时，竟对自己至好的亲戚朋友也起忌恨，因此他便很愁苦。这些老年人长日惶虑，以为各位亲友的对己表示关切，乃是出于自私的动机。他们听信外人的暗示和欺人的建议，而怀疑自己所应亲信的人。他们有时因为一切未能尽合自己日见衰退的意见，便不禁妒火高烧，愤不可遏。他们贪多务得的欲望真是可怕。他们往往以为自己的儿女及亲戚都在希望着他们快死，以便能承位继业，接收遗产荣誉。有些人被这种嫉妒及贪得的情绪所控制，甚至于不惜要灭害自己的儿女。--1T422,423(1864).{2MCP 748.4}[13]
§28
Unrestrained Jealousy and Failing Judgment—David was distressed as he saw that kings and nobles who?seemed to have the fear of God before them while in the strength of manhood became jealous of their best friends and relatives when aged. They were in continual fear that it was selfish motives which led their friends to manifest an interest for them. They would listen to the hints and the deceptive advice of strangers in regard to those in whom they should confide. Their unrestrained jealousy sometimes burned into a flame because all did not agree with their failing judgment. Their covetousness was dreadful. They often thought that their own children and relatives were wishing them to die in order to take their place and possess their wealth and receive the homage which had been bestowed upon them. And some were so controlled by their jealous, covetous feelings as to destroy their own children.—Testimonies for the Church 1:422, 423 (1864).?{2MCP 748.4}[13]
§29
大卫为自己的年老祈祷——大卫也注意到有些人在精壮力强之年，虽是正义之人，但到了老年之时，便似乎是失去了自持自制之力，撒但便进来领导他们的心思使他们浮动及不满。大卫见及许多老年人似乎是被上帝弃绝，而自暴自弃于仇敌的嬉笑怒骂之前。{2MCP 749.1}[14]
§30
David’s Prayer for His Old Age—David marked that although the lives of some while in the strength of manhood had been righteous, as old age came upon them they seemed to lose their self-control. Satan stepped in and guided their minds, making them restless and dissatisfied. He saw that many of the aged seemed forsaken of God and exposed themselves to the ridicule and reproaches of his enemies.?{2MCP 749.1}[14]
§31
这使他深受感动；并且预想起自己老年之时的情形，便很愁苦。他害怕上帝会丢弃他，以致自己会变成郁郁不欢之人，象他所注意过的别的老年人一样，给主的仇敌所笑骂。他心中既有了这种重担，因此便切心祈祷说：“我年老的时候，求祢不要丢弃我；我力气衰弱的时候，求祢不要离弃我。”“上帝啊，自我年幼时，祢就教训我；直到如今，我传扬祢奇妙的作为。上帝啊，我到年老发白的时候，求祢不要离弃我，等我将祢的能力指示下代，将祢的大能指示后世的人”（诗71:9,17,18）。大卫对于保持晚节，觉得有小心留意的必要。--1T423(1864).{2MCP 749.2}[15]
§32
David was deeply moved; he was distressed as he looked forward to the time when he should be aged. He feared that God would leave him and that he would be as unhappy as other aged persons whose course he had noticed, and would be left to the reproach of the enemies of the Lord. With this burden upon him he earnestly prays, “Cast me not off in the time of old age; forsake me not when my strength faileth.” “O God, Thou hast taught me from my youth; and hitherto have I declared Thy wondrous works. Now also when I am old and grayheaded, O God, forsake me not; until I have showed Thy strength unto this generation, and Thy power to everyone that is to come” (Psalm 71:9, 17, 18). David felt the necessity of?guarding against the evils which attend old age.—Testimonies for the Church 1:423 (1864).?{2MCP 749.2}[15]
§33
善用上帝所委托的财产——L弟兄是上帝的管家。上帝将钱财托付给他，他应当觉悟自己的责任，并将属于上帝之物归还给祂。他不应该不明白上帝对他的要求。他应当趁着自己还在世，还有推理的能力，抓住机会善用上帝所委托他的财产，而不是在他生命结束之后留给别人去使用。--2T675(1871).{2MCP 750.1}[16]
§34
Providing for Use of Entrusted Means—Brother L is a steward of God. He has been entrusted with means and should be awake to his duty and render to God the things that are God’s. He should not fail to understand the claims that God has upon him. While he lives and has his reasoning powers, he should improve the opportunity of appropriating the property that God has entrusted to him, instead of leaving it for others to use and appropriate after the close of his life.—Testimonies for the Church 2:675 (1871).?{2MCP 750.1}[16]
§35
不陷入混乱无章的状态中——L弟兄应当管好自己的业务，不让它陷入混乱无章的状态中。他有权在好事上富足，为自己积成美好的根基，预备将来，使他可以持定永生。他随从自己有缺陷的判断是不安全的。他应当跟有经验的弟兄们商量，寻求上帝的智慧，以便做好他的工作。他现在应当认真地作好准备，为自己预备“永不坏的钱囊，用不尽的财宝在天上”（路12:33）。--2T676(1871).{2MCP 750.2}[17]
§36
Do Not Leave Loose Ends—Brother L should have his business all straight and not left at loose ends. It is his privilege to be rich in good works and to lay up for himself a good foundation against the time to come that he may lay hold on eternal life. It is not safe for him to follow his failing judgment. He should counsel with experienced brethren and seek wisdom of God that he may do up his work well. He should now be really in earnest, providing himself “bags which wax not old, a treasure in the heavens that faileth not.”—Testimonies for the Church 2:676 (1871).?{2MCP 750.2}[17]
§37
不要忽略年老的工人——对于那些曾将一生心血贡献在上帝工作上的人，应当予以最亲切的关怀。尽管他们有许多软弱，但他们却仍具有才能，使他们有资格守住自己的位份。上帝切愿他们在祂的圣工上居领袖的地位。他们曾在风浪和考验之下忠贞不移，且是我们中间最有价值的顾问。他们能仍然运用自己的恩赐为主服务，我们当何等感激啊！{2MCP 750.3}[18]
§38
Aged Workers Not to Be Set Aside—The most tender interest should be cherished toward those whose life interest is bound up with the work of God. Notwithstanding their many infirmities, these workers still possess talents that qualify them to stand in their lot and place. God desires them to occupy leading positions in His work. They have stood faithful amid storm and trial and are among our most valuable counselors. How thankful we should be that they can still use their gifts in the Lord’s service!?{2MCP 750.3}[18]
§39
但愿无人忽视这个事实，就是这些认真的角力者在过去牺牲了一切来推进圣工。他们在上帝的服务中已渐衰老头发灰白，这一事实绝不是理由，使他们停止发挥一种比那些对圣工所知甚少且在神圣的事物上经验极少的人要大得多的影响力。{2MCP 750.4}[19]
§40
Let not the fact be lost sight of that in the past these earnest wrestlers sacrificed everything to advance the work. The fact that they have grown old and gray in the service of God is no reason why they should cease to?exert an influence superior to the influence of men who have far less knowledge of the work and far less experience in divine things.?{2MCP 750.4}[19]
§41
他们虽然疲备衰弱，不能担负较为年轻之人所能并且应当担负的比较重的责任，但他们所能给予的忠告却是具有最高价值的。他们曾经犯过错误，但他们已经从失败中学了智慧，学会了避免错误和危险。因此，他们岂不是很有资格提出明智的忠告吗？他们曾经受考验和试炼，虽然现今他们元气稍衰，但他们不应当被经验少的工人们推到一边，这些缺少经验的人对于先驱们的辛劳和自我牺牲知之甚少。主并不撇弃他们。祂赐给他们特别的恩典和知识。--7T287,288(1902).{2MCP 751.1}[20]
§42
Though worn and unable to bear the heavier burdens that younger men can and should carry, their value as counselors is of the highest order. They have made mistakes, but they have learned wisdom from their failures; they have learned to avoid errors and dangers, and are they not then competent to give wise counsel? They have borne test and trial, and though they have lost some of their vigor, they are not to be pushed aside by less-experienced workers who know very little about the labor and self-sacrifice of these pioneers. The Lord does not thus lay them aside. He gives them special grace and knowledge.—Testimonies for the Church 7:287, 288 (1902).?{2MCP 751.1}[20]
§43
他们要得到尊重——不该使仍然在世的老年旗手们处于艰难的地位。那些在工作艰难时服侍主的人，那些在我们的人数稀少时忍受贫穷并坚持忠于真理的人，总要受到尊荣与敬重。我蒙指示要说：每个信徒都要尊重已忍受了诸多试炼艰难和穷困的上了年纪的先驱们。他们是上帝的工人，在建立祂的圣工上起到了显著的作用。--7T289(1902).{2MCP 751.2}[21]
§44
To Be Honored and Respected—The old standard-bearers who are still living should not be put in hard places. Those who served their Master when the work went hard, who endured poverty and remained faithful to the truth when our numbers were small, are ever to be honored and respected. I am instructed to say: Let every believer respect the aged pioneers who have borne trials and hardships and many privations. They are God’s workmen and have acted a prominent part in the building up of His work.—Testimonies for the Church 7:289 (1902).?{2MCP 751.2}[21]
§45
象对待父母一样——当年长旗手在工作园地时，那些因他们的工作而受益的人要照顾并尊重他们。不要用重担把他们压倒。要重视他们的建议，就是他们劝导的话语。对待他们要象对待已担当了工作重担的父母一样。在过去预料到圣工需要的工人们做了一项高尚的工作，没有独自包揽一切重担，而是把担子放在年轻男女的肩上，并教导他们如同以利亚教导以利沙一样。--RH,1900年3月20日.(2SM227.){2MCP 751.3}[22]
§46
To Be Treated as Fathers and Mothers—While the aged standard-bearers are in the field, let those who have been benefited by their labors care for and respect them. Do not load them down with burdens. Appreciate their advice, their words of counsel. Treat them as fathers and mothers who have borne the burden of the work. The workers who have in the past anticipated the needs of the cause do a noble work when, in the place of carrying all the burdens themselves, they lay them upon the shoulders of younger men and women and educate them as Elijah educated Elisha.—The Review and Herald, March 20, 1900. (Selected Messages 2:227.)?{2MCP 751.3}[22]
§47
对年老且经过试验之福音工人的劝勉——愿主赐福并维持我们年老且经过试验的工人们。愿祂帮助他们聪明地保持自己的体力、智力和灵力。我蒙主指示，要对那些在早期传讲信息的见证人说：“上帝已赋予你们理性的能力，祂渴望你们理解并顺从与全人健康有关的律法。不要不谨慎。不要劳累过度。要花时间休息。上帝渴望你们守住自己的位份，尽你们的本分来拯救男女免于被邪恶的洪流冲下去。祂渴望你们一直穿着军装，直到祂吩咐你们脱下为止。不久你们将得到你们的奖赏。”--7T289(1902).{2MCP 752.1}[23]
§48
Counsel to Old and Tried Gospel Laborers—May the Lord bless and sustain our old and tried laborers. May He help them to be wise in regard to the preservation of their physical, mental, and spiritual powers. I have been instructed by the Lord to say to those who bore their testimony in the early days of the message: “God has endowed you with the power of reason, and He desires you to understand and obey the laws that have to do with the health of the being. Do not be imprudent. Do not overwork. Take time to rest. God desires you to stand in your lot and place, doing your part to save men and women from being swept downward by the mighty current of evil. He desires you to keep the armor on till He bids you lay it off. Not long hence you will receive your reward.”—Testimonies for the Church 7:289 (1902).?{2MCP 752.1}[23]
§49
最大的危险——我奉命要对年老的弟兄们说，要谦卑地与上帝同行。不要成为弟兄们的控告者。你们要在以色列上帝的指示下去做指定给你们的工作。对许多人来说，爱好批评乃是最大的危险。你们受试探要去批评的弟兄们蒙召负有你们可能负不了的责任；不过你们可以成为他们的帮助者。如果你们愿意，就能通过介绍你们过去与别人同工的经验而对这事业作出伟大的贡献。关于纠正并责难弟兄们的工作，主未曾交给你们任何一个人去做。--Lt204,1907.(Ev106,107.){2MCP 752.2}[24]
§50
The Greatest Danger—I am bidden to say to my aged brethren, Walk humbly with God. Be not accusers of the brethren. You are to do your appointed work under the direction of the God of Israel. The inclination to criticize is the greatest danger of many. The brethren whom you are tempted to criticize are called to bear responsibilities which you could not possibly carry, but you can be their helpers. You can do great service to the cause, if you will, by presenting your experience in the past in connection with the labors of others. The Lord has not given to any of you the work of correcting and censuring your brethren,—Letter 204, 1907. (Evangelism, 106, 107.)?{2MCP 752.2}[24]