第47章 精神卫生
§1
第47章 精神卫生
§2
Chapter 47—Mental Hygiene
§3
（见第四十二章《心理与健康》）
§4
智力有赖于健康——健康是一种福惠。其价值很少为人所重视。但是我们身心的效能却大都有赖于健康。我们的情感与欲望居于身体之中。为了使我们的才能得到最充分的运用，我们要使身体保持在最佳状态，并让它处于最属灵的影响之下。任何削减体力的事，都会削弱人的思维能力，使人难以辨别是非。--RH,1912年6月20日.(MYP235.){2MCP 441.1}[1]
§5
[See chapter 42, “Mind and Health.”]
§6
Mental Powers Depend on Health—Health is a blessing of which few appreciate the value; yet upon it the efficiency of our mental and physical powers largely depends. Our impulses and passions have their seat in the body, and it must be kept in the best condition physically and under the most spiritual influences in order that our talents may be put to the highest use. Anything that lessens physical strength enfeebles the mind and makes it less capable of discriminating between right and wrong.—The Review and Herald, June 20, 1912. (Messages to Young People, 235.)?{2MCP 441.1}[1]
§7
一切能力都能培养——许多人行善没能尽量，乃是因为他们只运用其智力在某一方面上，而对于那些他们所认为不合于己的事，却不予以细心注意之故。有些软弱的官能，因为那要它们运用及使其有力的事工是不愉快的，以致就容其埋没了。应当运用心思的全部才能，应当培养各部官能的效用。理解力，判断力，记忆力，以及一切推理的能力，都应当有平等的力量，以便心思能均衡稳定。--3T32,33(1872).{2MCP 441.2}[2]
§8
All Faculties Can Be Cultivated—Many are not doing the greatest amount of good because they exercise the intellect in one direction and neglect to give careful attention to those things for which they think they are not adapted. Some faculties that are weak are thus allowed to lie dormant because the work that should call them into exercise, and consequently give them strength, is not pleasant. All the powers of the mind should be exercised, all the faculties cultivated. Perception, judgment, memory,?and all the reasoning powers should have equal strength in order that minds may be well balanced.—Testimonies for the Church 3:32, 33 (1872).?{2MCP 441.2}[2]
§9
不能忽略软弱的官能——我们运用那些生来最强的官能，忽略那些软弱而待强化的官能，这种办法虽无不可，但不是最有益的。我们应当小心留意那些最软弱的官能，以便全部智力善保平衡，各尽其职，犹如一部善加管理的机器一样。{2MCP 442.1}[3]
§10
Weak Faculties Not to Be Neglected—It is agreeable, but not most profitable, to exercise those faculties which are naturally the strongest, while we neglect those that are weak, but which need to be strengthened. The feeblest faculties should have careful attention that all the powers of the intellect may be nicely balanced and all do their part like well-regulated machinery.?{2MCP 442.1}[3]
§11
我们应当依靠上帝保守我们各种的官能。基督徒对于上帝有义务，应当善予训练心思，使各种官能都强壮，更加充分发育。我们若忽略此事，就永不能达到主赐我们各种官能的本意了。我们无权忽视上帝所赐我们的任何能力。{2MCP 442.2}[4]
§12
We are dependent upon God for the preservation of all our faculties. Christians are under obligation to Him to so train the mind that all the faculties may be strengthened and more fully developed. If we neglect to do this, they will never accomplish the purpose for which they were designed. We have no right to neglect any one of the powers that God has given us.?{2MCP 442.2}[4]
§13
我们见到各地许多患偏执狂的人。他们的神志往往是各方面都很清楚，但却在某一方面糊涂不清。原因就是他们特别发挥心思的某一种官能，对其他各种官能却听其埋没无用。那常被运用的官能，既被消磨残废，那人就变成精神破产的了。他这样的行动是不会荣耀上帝的。他若是平均善用各种器官，则各部都会健全发育；因为没有偏劳于一部器官，所以就不至于有某一器官因而损坏了。--3T33,34(1872).{2MCP 442.3}[5]
§14
We see monomaniacs all over the country. They are frequently sane upon every subject but one. The reason of this is that one organ [part] of the mind was specially exercised while the others were permitted to lie dormant. The one that was in constant use became worn and diseased, and the man became a wreck. God was not glorified by his pursuing this course. Had he exercised all the organs equally, all would have had a healthy development; all the labor would not have been thrown upon one, therefore no one would have broken down.—Testimonies for the Church 3:33, 34 (1872).?{2MCP 442.3}[5]
§15
目标激发心智——你的生活也应当有目标、有宗旨。没有宗旨，便倾向于懒惰，然而若有一个足够重要的目标在望，心智的一切能力就会自发地积极活动起来。为使人生获得成功，思想必须稳定地专注于人生的目标，而不可任其胡思乱想，被不重要的事情占据，或满足于无用的冥想，结果躲避责任。白日梦使人心智堕落。--2T429(1870).{2MCP 442.4}[6]
§16
Aim Stimulates the Mind—You should also have an aim, a purpose, in life. Where there is no purpose, there is a disposition to indolence; but where there is a sufficiently important object in view, all the powers of the mind will come into spontaneous activity. In order to make life a success the thoughts must be steadily fixed upon the object of life and not left to wander off and be occupied with unimportant things, or to be satisfied with idle musing, which is the fruit of shunning responsibility. Castle-building depraves the mind.—Testimonies for the Church 2:429 (1870).?{2MCP 442.4}[6]
§17
过度操劳的胃削弱智力——儿童们一般没有受到教导，认识何时吃、如何吃、以及吃什么的重要性。他们得到放纵食欲的允许，整天乱吃，除了眼前的水果之外，还要吃糕饼面包，黄油蜜饯之类，几乎吃个不停，成了暴食和消化不良的人。消化器官，就象不停工作的磨臼，变得虚弱，必须向大脑支取精力，帮助胃进行过度的工作，以致脑力也削弱了。这种反常的刺激和精力的耗损，使他们变得神经质，不耐约束、任性易怒。--HR,1877年5月.(CD181.){2MCP 443.1}[7]
§18
Overworked Stomach Weakens Mental Powers—Children are generally untaught in regard to the importance of when, how, and what they should eat. They are permitted to indulge their tastes freely, to eat at all hours, to help themselves to fruit when it tempts their eyes, and this, with the pie, cake, bread and butter, and sweetmeats eaten almost constantly, makes them gourmands and dyspeptics. The digestive organs, like a mill which is continually kept running, become enfeebled, vital force is called from the brain to aid the stomach in its overwork, and thus the mental powers are weakened. The unnatural stimulation and wear of the vital forces make them nervous, impatient of restraint, self-willed, and irritable.—The Health Reformer, May 1877. (Counsels on Diet and Foods, 181.)?{2MCP 443.1}[7]
§19
发育是努力的结果——孩子们应该受教知道智力和体力的发育在于他们自己；是努力的结果。--ST,1882年2月9日.(CG206.){2MCP 443.2}[8]
§20
Development the Result of Effort—Children should be taught that development of both mental and the physical powers rests with themselves; it is the result of effort.—The Signs of the Times, February 9, 1882. (Child Guidance, 206.)?{2MCP 443.2}[8]
§21
不变的律法——身体的正确习惯，会促进精神的优越。智力、体力和长寿有赖于不变的律法。--CTBH28,1890.(CD29.){2MCP 443.3}[9]
§22
Immutable Laws—Right physical habits promote mental superiority. Intellectual power, physical strength, and longevity depend upon immutable laws.—Christian Temperance and Bible Hygiene, 28, (1890). (Counsels on Diet and Foods, 29.)?{2MCP 443.3}[9]
§23
思想只有在正确对待下才能加强——身负重任的人每天有重要的大事要决定。他们往往需要迅速思考。只有实行严格节制的人才能应付自如。人的思想只有在正确对待体力智力的情况下才能加强。每一次运用如果不过分紧张，都会产生新的活力。{2MCP 443.4}[10]
§24
Mind Strengthens Under Correct Treatment—Every day men in positions of trust have decisions to make upon which depend results of great importance. Often they have to think rapidly, and this can be done successfully by those only who practice strict temperance. The mind strengthens under the correct treatment of the physical and mental powers. If the strain is not too great, new vigor comes with every taxation.?{2MCP 443.4}[10]
§25
但那些要考虑重要计划、决定重大事项之人的工作，受到了不适当饮食的危害。失调的胃造成失调不稳的思想状态，往往导致易怒，苛刻和不公。许多原能为世界造福的计划之所以被搁置，许多不公正，不公平，甚至残酷的法规之所以实施，都是因为错误饮食习惯所引起的病态所致。--MH309,310(1905).{2MCP 443.5}[11]
§26
But often the work of those who have important plans to consider and important decisions to make is affected for evil by the results of improper diet. A disordered stomach produces a disordered, uncertain state of mind. Often it causes irritability, harshness, or injustice. Many?a plan that would have been a blessing to the world has been set aside, many unjust, oppressive, even cruel measures have been carried, as the result of diseased conditions due to wrong habits of eating.—The Ministry of Healing, 309, 310 (1905).?{2MCP 443.5}[11]
§27
避免过劳——我听说工人们在所负重担的压力下毁掉了健康，这是不应该的。上帝要我们记住我们不过是人，不可接受太多的工作，不可使自己一直处在体力和智力都被耗尽的压力之下。我们需要更多的工人，以便将一些担子从负担过重的人肩上卸下来。--RH,1904年4月28日.(Ev660.){2MCP 444.1}[12]
§28
Avoiding Overwork—I hear of workers whose health is breaking down under the strain of the burdens they are bearing. This ought not to be. God desires us to remember that we are mortal. We are not to embrace too much in our work. We are not to keep ourselves under such a strain that our physical and mental powers shall be exhausted. More workers are needed that some of the burdens may be removed from those now so heavily loaded down.—The Review and Herald, April 28, 1904. (Evangelism, 660.)?{2MCP 444.1}[12]
§29
将两年的功课放在一年学完——不要允许学生任意将两年的功课放在一年学完。负担双倍的任务，在很大的程度上就是意味着心智过劳。忽略体力锻炼，妄想头脑有能力消化加倍的精神食粮，根本是不合理的。使脑子工作过度，使心志过劳和肠胃工作过度，同样是罪恶的。--CT296(1913).{2MCP 444.2}[13]
§30
Putting Two Years Into One—The student who desires to put the work of two years into one should not be permitted to have his own way. To undertake to do double work means, with many, overtaxation of the mind and neglect of physical exercise. It is not reasonable to suppose that the mind can assimilate an oversupply of mental food; and it is as great a sin to overload the mind as it is to overload the digestive organs.—Counsels to Parents, Teachers, and Students, 296 (1913).?{2MCP 444.2}[13]
§31
过度用功削弱自制力（见第五十四章《过度用功》）——过分的学习会增加血液到大脑的流量，产生病态的兴奋，削弱自制的能力，使人受制于冲动和任性。罪恶的门户就这样打开了。败坏的潮流充满世界，很大的原因就是人们不用或滥用了体力。曾导致所多玛毁灭的“心骄气傲，粮食饱足，大享安逸”（结16:49），也是阻碍现代人类进步的大敌。--Ed209(1903).{2MCP 444.3}[14]
§32
Excessive Study Lessens Self-control?[See chapter 54, “Overstudy.”]—Excessive study, by increasing the flow of blood to the brain, creates morbid excitability that tends to lessen the power of self-control and too often gives sway to impulse or caprice. Thus the door is opened to impurity. The misuse or nonuse of the physical powers is largely responsible for the tide of corruption that is overspreading the world. “Pride, fullness of bread, and abundance of idleness” are as deadly foes to human progress in this generation as when they led to the destruction of Sodom.—Education, 209 (1903).?{2MCP 444.3}[14]
§33
思考不同的题目——把心思集中在一个方面，会使头脑失去平衡。但若能均衡地运用智力与体力，思考不同的题目，各个官能就会获得安全的使用了。--Ed209(1903).{2MCP 445.1}[15]
§34
Vary Subjects of Thought—By pursuing one line of thought exclusively, the mind often becomes unbalanced. But every faculty may be safely exercised if the mental and physical powers are equally taxed and the subjects of thought are varied.—Education, 209 (1903).?{2MCP 445.1}[15]
§35
科学的研究不可忽视——我们如果注意自己的机会和特权，就会在自我培养的工作中取得很大的成就。真教育不限于大学的课程。科学的研究固然不可忽视，但还有一门更高的课程要藉着与上帝的活泼联络而获得。但愿每一个学生拿起他的圣经，与那位大教师保持交通。他们的心智要受到培养，在追求上帝的真理时努力解决难题。--COL334(1900).{2MCP 445.2}[16]
§36
Study of the Sciences Not to Be Neglected—Far more might be accomplished in the work of self-education if we were awake to our own opportunities and privileges. True education means more than the colleges can give. While the study of the sciences is not to be neglected, there is a higher training to be obtained through a vital connection with God. Let every student take his Bible and place himself in communion with the Great Teacher. Let the mind be trained and disciplined to wrestle with hard problems in the search for divine truth.—Christ’s Object Lessons, 334 (1900).?{2MCP 445.2}[16]
§37
不洁的空气影响智力——许多人在不断抱怨，常受各种小病之苦。这几乎总是因为他们没有明智地劳动，也没有遵守健康律。他们经常太多时间留在户内，呆在充满不洁空气的热房间里。他们在那里紧张地学习或写作，很少做身体锻炼，工作也几乎一成不变。结果，血液流动缓慢了，心智的能力就被削弱了。--4T264(1876).{2MCP 445.3}[17]
§38
Impure Air Affects Mental Powers—Many are continually complaining and suffering from various indispositions. This is almost always because they do not labor wisely or observe the laws of health. They frequently remain too much indoors, occupying heated rooms filled with impure air. There they apply themselves closely to study or writing, taking little physical exercise and having little change of employment. As a consequence the blood becomes sluggish and the powers of the mind are enfeebled.—Testimonies for the Church 4:264 (1876).?{2MCP 445.3}[17]
§39
避免任何减弱体力或智力的事——任何足以减弱体力或智力的事，都会降低他为创造主服务的资格。--GC473(1885).{2MCP 445.4}[18]
§40
Debilitating Practices to Be Avoided—Every practice that weakens physical or mental strength unfits man for the service of his Creator.—The Great Controversy, 473 (1885).?{2MCP 445.4}[18]
§41
如何保持智力——人如果在凡事上有淳朴习惯，控制自己的食欲和情欲，就可以保持自己智力的强健、活跃和精明，对事情作出迅速的思考与反应，锐利地辨别出圣洁与不圣洁，随时准备参加一切荣耀上帝与造福同胞的工作。--ST,1881年9月29日.(2BC1006.){2MCP 445.5}[19]
§42
How to Preserve Mental Powers—He who will observe simplicity in all his habits, restricting the appetite and controlling the passions, may preserve his mental powers strong, active, and vigorous, quick to perceive everything which demands thought or action, keen to discriminate between the holy and the unholy and ready to engage in?every enterprise for the glory of God and the benefit of humanity.—The Signs of the Times, September 29, 1881. (The S.D.A. Bible Commentary 2:1006.)?{2MCP 445.5}[19]
§43
电流影响生命力——四体不勤不仅削弱智力，也削弱道德力。联络整个人体的脑神经，是上天与人联系并影响人内心生活的媒介。任何阻碍神经系统的电流，削弱生命力，减少心智感受性的事物，都会使人的道德性能更加麻木。--Ed209(1903).{2MCP 446.1}[20]
§44
Electric Current Affects Vital Powers—Physical inaction lessens not only mental but moral power. The brain nerves that connect with the whole system are the medium through which heaven communicates with man and affects the inmost life. Whatever hinders the circulation of the electric current in the nervous system, thus weakening the vital powers and lessening mental susceptibility, makes it more difficult to arouse the moral nature.—Education, 209 (1903).?{2MCP 446.1}[20]
§45
独立思考和道德辨别力——专靠训练记忆而不鼓励独立思想的教育，有一种道德上的负面作用很少为人注意。学生一旦牺牲自行推理与判断的能力，就不能分辨是非，易受人欺骗，随从遗传与习尚。--Ed230(1903).{2MCP 446.2}[21]
§46
Independent Thought and Moral Discrimination—The education that consists in the training of the memory, tending to discourage independent thought, has a moral bearing which is too little appreciated. As the student sacrifices the power to reason and judge for himself, he becomes incapable of discriminating between truth and error and falls an easy prey to deception. He is easily led to follow tradition and custom.—Education, 230 (1903).?{2MCP 446.2}[21]
§47
接受训练达到最高效能——人的体力，智力和情感，都要受到训练，以达到最高的效能。--小册子《我们健康杂志的发行》p.1,1901.(CH445.){2MCP 446.3}[22]
§48
Trained to Reach Highest Efficiency—Both the physical and the mental powers, with the affections, are to be so trained that they can reach the highest efficiency.—Pamphlet,?The Circulation of Our Health Journals, 1, 1901. (Counsels on Health, 445.)?{2MCP 446.3}[22]
§49
研究自然增强智力——这些直接来自大自然的教训既简单又纯朴，具有很高的价值。所有的人都需要其中的教训。自然界本身的美能引导人的心灵离开罪恶和世俗的诱惑，追求纯洁，平安与上帝。学生的思想往往充斥人的理论和推测。这些东西居然被妄称为科学和哲学。他们需要与自然界密切接触。要让他们知道自然界和基督教同有一位上帝。要教导他们明白自然界和灵界是和谐一致的。他们眼睛所看见，双手所接触的每一件事物，都要成为品格建造的功课。这样，他们的智力就会增强，品格就会发展，整个人生就会得到提高。--COL24,25(1900).{2MCP 446.4}[23]
§50
Study of Nature Strengthens Powers—In these lessons direct from nature there is a simplicity and purity that makes them of the highest value. All need the teaching to be derived from this source. In itself the beauty of nature leads the soul away from sin and worldly attractions and toward purity, peace, and God. Too often the minds of students are occupied with men’s theories and speculations, falsely called science and philosophy. They need to be brought into close contact with nature. Let them learn that creation and Christianity have one God.?Let them be taught to see the harmony of the natural with the spiritual. Let everything which their eyes see or their hands handle be made a lesson in character-building. Thus the mental powers will be strengthened, the character developed, the whole life ennobled.—Christ’s Object Lessons, 24, 25 (1900).?{2MCP 446.4}[23]
§51
圣经研究给心智带来活力（见第十一章《圣经研究与心智》）——凡渴求知识，以造福同胞的人，自己也必从上帝领受福气。通过研究圣经，他们的智力将得到振奋而活跃起来。他们的才能将会扩大和发展；获得心智方面的力量和效能。--COL334(1900).{2MCP 447.1}[24]
§52
Bible Study Gives Power to the Mind?[See chapter 11, “Bible Study and the Mind.”]—Those who hunger for knowledge that they may bless their fellowmen will themselves receive blessing from God. Through the study of His Word their mental powers will be aroused to earnest activity. There will be an expansion and development of the faculties, and the mind will acquire power and efficiency.—Christ’s Object Lessons, 334 (1900).?{2MCP 447.1}[24]
§53
悔改归正消除心智因无知而有的黑暗——圣经中启示了上帝的旨意。上帝之道的真理乃是至高者的话语。凡使这些真理成为自己生命一部分的人，就在全部意义上成了新造的人。他虽没有蒙赋予新的智力，但因无知和罪恶而蒙蔽悟性的黑暗被消除了。“我也要赐给你们一个新心”（结36:26）的意思是“我要赐给你们一个新的心智。”内心的改变总是伴随着清楚地觉悟基督徒的责任和对真理的理解。凡密切虔诚地关注圣经的人，必得到清楚的理解力和健全的判断力，好像因转向上帝而达到了更高的智力水平似的。--RH,1913年12月18日.(ML24.){2MCP 447.2}[25]
§54
Conversion Removes Darkness of Ignorance From the Mind—In the Bible the will of God is revealed. The truths of the Word of God are the utterances of the Most High. He who makes these truths a part of his life becomes in every sense a new creature. He is not given new mental powers, but the darkness that through ignorance and sin has clouded the understanding is removed. The words, “A new heart also will I give you,” mean, “A new mind will I give you.” A change of heart is always attended by a clear conviction of Christian duty, an understanding of truth. He who gives the Scriptures close, prayerful attention will gain clear comprehension and sound judgment, as if in turning to God he had reached a higher plane of intelligence.—The Review and Herald, December 18, 1913. (My Life Today, 24.)?{2MCP 447.2}[25]