第59章 教授实用的技术
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第59章 教授实用的技术
§2
chap. 59 - Teaching Useful Trades
§3
每一个孩子都要学一门技术－－父母们忽略了给自己所生的儿女安排工作，酿成了说不出来的害处，危及许多青年人的生活，大大削弱了他们的用途。在青年人成长的过程中不让他们学习技术，乃是一个重大的失误。（一）{CG 355.1}[1]
§4
Every Child Should Learn Some Trade.--The carelessness of parents in failing to furnish employment to the children that they have taken the responsibility of bringing into the world has resulted in untold evil, imperiling the lives of many youth and greatly crippling their usefulness. It is a great mistake to permit young men to grow up without learning some trade. {CG 355.1}[1]
§5
耶稣藉着摩西从云柱中指示希伯来人要教育儿女工作，传授他们技术，不可有一个人闲懒。（二）{CG 355.2}[2]
§6
From the pillar of cloud Jesus gave directions through Moses to the Hebrews that they should educate their children to work, that they should teach them trades, and that none should be idle. {CG 355.2}[2]
§7
要帮助你的孩子获得知识，使他们在必要时能自食其力。要教导他们坚决听从责任的呼召。（三）{CG 355.3}[3]
§8
You should help your children to acquire a knowledge, that, if necessary, they could live by their own labor. You should teach them to be decided in following the calls of duty. {CG 355.3}[3]
§9
教导他们使用工具－－孩子到了适当的年龄，就要提供他们工具。如果让他们的工作有趣味性，他们就很容易能学会使用工具。父亲若是木匠，就当教导儿子建造房屋的知识，同时结合圣经的教训；主在圣经里把人来比作祂的建筑。（四）{CG 355.4}[4]
§10
Teach Use of Tools.--When children reach a suitable age, they should be provided with tools. If their work is made interesting, they will be found apt pupils in the use of tools. If the father is a carpenter, he should give his boys lessons in house building, ever bringing into his instruction lessons from the Bible, the words of Scripture in which the Lord compares human beings to His building. {CG 355.4}[4]
§11
训练儿子参加农业劳动－－父亲必须训练儿子与他们一起从事各行工作。农民不要认为农业比较卑微，不配让儿子学习。农业应当因科学知识而进步。 {CG 355.5}[5]
§12
Train Sons in Agriculture.--Fathers should train their sons to engage with them in their trades and employments. Farmers should not think that agriculture is a business that is not elevated enough for their sons. Agriculture should be advanced by scientific knowledge. {CG 355.5}[5]
§13
农业素来被认为无利可图。人们说土地没有为所付的劳力提供相应的报酬，并哀叹种地的人苦命。……但是如果务农的人有一定的技术，研究过土壤，学习怎样种植、培养和收成，就会看到更乐观的成果。许多人说：“我们尝试过农业，知道其效果”。其实这些人需要了解怎样耕作土地，使自己的工作科学化。他们的犁要耕得更深、更宽，并要学会在耕地之时不马虎从事。……他们要学会按时播种，照顾农作物，遵循上帝所制定的计划。（五）{CG 356.1}[6]
§14
Farming has been pronounced unprofitable. People say that the soil does not pay for the labor expended upon it, and they bemoan the hard fate of those who till the soil. . . . But should persons of proper ability take hold of this line of employment, and make a study of the soil, and learn how to plant, to cultivate, and to gather in the harvest, more encouraging results might be seen. Many say, We have tried agriculture and know what its results are, and yet these very ones need to know how to cultivate the soil and to bring science into their work. Their plowshares should cut deeper, broader furrows, and they need to learn that in tilling the soil they need not become common and coarse in their natures. . . . Let them learn to put in the seed in its season, to give attention to vegetation, and to follow the plan that God has devised. {CG 356.1}[6]
§15
特别有价值的训练－－在手艺训练中最有价值的，莫过于农艺了。要做出更大的努力，培养和鼓励对农业的兴趣。教师要提醒人圣经论到农业的话：耕种田地原是上帝为人类所定的计划；管理全世界的第一个人，就有一个园子要他耕作；世界上的许多伟人——真正的贵族——都曾耕种过土地。要说明这种生活中的机会。……{CG 356.2}[7]
§16
Training of Outstanding Value.--No line of manual training is of more value than agriculture. A greater effort should be made to create and to encourage an interest in agricultural pursuits. Let the teacher call attention to what the Bible says about agriculture; that it was Gods plan for man to till the earth; that the first man, the ruler of the whole world, was given a garden to cultivate; and that many of the worlds greatest men, its real nobility, have been tillers of the soil. Show the opportunities in such a life. . . . {CG 356.2}[7]
§17
以务农为生的人，能避免许多试探，并享受在大城市中工作的人所享受不到的无数特权和福气。在如今大公司和企业竞争的世代，很少有人能象耕种田地的人那样享受真正的独立和可靠的劳动回报。（六）{CG 356.3}[8]
§18
He who earns his livelihood by agriculture escapes many temptations and enjoys unnumbered privileges and blessings denied to those whose work lies in the great cities. And in these days of mammoth trusts and business competition, there are few who enjoy so real an independence and so great certainty of fair return for their labor as does the tiller of the soil. {CG 356.3}[8]
§19
新鲜产品的特殊价值－－家庭和机构要学习多做耕作和改良土地的工作。人们如果知道土地四季出产的价值，就会更加勤劳地耕耘土壤了。我们大家都应当了解果园和花园出产的新鲜水果和蔬菜的特别价值。（七）{CG 357.1}[9]
§20
Fresh Produce Is of Special Value.--Families and institutions should learn to do more in the cultivation and improvement of land. If people only knew the value of the products of the ground, which the earth brings forth in their season, more diligent efforts would be made to cultivate the soil. All should be acquainted with the special value of fruits and vegetables fresh from the orchard and garden. {CG 357.1}[9]
§21
学校应教授实用的手艺－－现今手艺训练应比以前更受人注意。所建立的学校，除了实施最高的智育与德育之外，还应配备最好的体育和实业训练设施。要传授农业、工业知识，尽可能多地包括最实用的手艺，还要传授家庭理财、卫生烹饪、缝纫、健康服装的制作、疾病的护理等科目。要有园圃、工场和诊所等，各部门的工作均应有熟练教师的指导。{CG 357.2}[10]
§22
Schools to Give Instruction in Useful Trades.-- Manual training is deserving of far more attention than it has received. Schools should be established that, in addition to the highest mental and moral culture, shall provide the best possible facilities for physical development and industrial training. Instruction should be given in agriculture, manufactures--covering as many as possible of the most useful trades--also in household economy, healthful cookery, sewing, hygienic dressmaking, the treatment of the sick, and kindred lines. Gardens, workshops, and treatment rooms should be provided, and the work in every line should be under the direction of skilled instructors. {CG 357.2}[10]
§23
工作应该有一定的目的，并贯彻始终。每一个人对于各种技术固然都需要一定的常识，但至少应当精通一门。每一个青年在离开学校时，应学会一门技术，在必要时可以谋生。（八）{CG 357.3}[11]
§24
The work should have a definite aim and should be thorough. While every person needs some knowledge of different handicrafts, it is indispensable that he become proficient in at least one. Every youth, on leaving school, should have acquired a knowledge of some trade or occupation by which, if need be, he may earn a livelihood. {CG 357.3}[11]
§25
具有双重价值的训练－－学校当建立能进行各种劳动的场所，使学生在课外从事劳动和必要的锻炼。……这样，在他们接受文化教育的同时，也获得了劳动的实际知识。（九）{CG 357.4}[12]
§26
A Training of Double Value.--There should have been connected with the schools establishments for carrying on various branches of labor, that the students might have employment and the necessary exercise out of school hours. . . . Then a practical knowledge of business could have been obtained while their literary education was being gained. {CG 357.4}[12]
§27
实业知识比科学更有价值－－我们原应有经验丰富的教师来教导少女烹调的技术。应当教她们如何裁剪和修补、缝纫衣服，使她们受到人生实际职责的教育。{CG 358.1}[13]
§28
Industrial Knowledge Is of More Value Than Scientific.--There should have been experienced teachers to give lessons to young ladies in the cooking department. Young girls should have been instructed to cut, make, and mend garments, and thus become educated for the practical duties of life. {CG 358.1}[13]
§29
还应为男青年设立学习各种手艺的工厂，使他们的肌体和智力都得到锻炼。如果青年人只能接受单方面的教育，那么两者相比——获得一切学科的知识而牺牲健康和生命，与获得实际生活的劳动知识——哪一个更重要呢？我们毫不犹疑地回答说：后者。如果有一项必须舍弃的话，那就舍弃书本的研究。（十） {CG 358.2}[14]
§30
For young men, there should be establishments where they could learn different trades, which would bring into exercise their muscles as well as their mental powers. If the youth can have but a one-sided education, which is of the greater consequence--a knowledge of the sciences, with all the disadvantages to health and life, or a knowledge of labor for practical life? We unhesitatingly answer, The latter. If one must be neglected, let it be the study of books. {CG 358.2}[14]
§31
可能有些人受过错误的训练，对儿童教育抱错误的观念。这些儿童和青少年需要最佳的训练。你们必须将体力活动与智力运用结合起来，两者兼顾。（十一）{CG 358.3}[15]
§32
There may be those who have had wrong training and those who have wrong ideas in regard to the training of children. These children and youth want the very best training, and you must bring the physical labor right in with the mental--the two should go together. {CG 358.3}[15]
§33
耶稣是勤奋的好榜样－－技工，商人，律师或农民，在普通的生活行业中为上帝作工，推广基督教的理念，比在公开园地担任传道工作，更需要优雅而严格的品格修养。因为传道人的身份已众所周知。他们一半的困难也会因此而消除。把宗教带进工场和办公室，让日常生活的一切细节都成圣，按圣经基督徒的标准处理一切世俗的业务，需要有坚强的属灵神经和肌肉。{CG 358.4}[16]
§34
Jesus Was an Example of Contented Industry.--It requires much more grace and stern discipline of character to work for God in the capacity of mechanic, merchant, lawyer, or farmer, carrying the precepts of Christianity into the ordinary business of life, than to labor as an acknowledged missionary in the open field, where ones position is understood and half its difficulties obviated by that very fact. It requires strong spiritual nerve and muscle to carry religion into the workshop and business office, sanctifying the details of everyday life, and ordering every worldly transaction to the standard of a Bible Christian. {CG 358.4}[16]
§35
耶稣在拿撒勒默默无闻的三十年中，周复一周，年复一年，起居饮食作息都与当时的平民百姓一样。祂没有让人注意祂是一个显赫人物。然而祂却是世界的救赎主，受众天使所尊崇，用全部光阴作祂父的工作，实践留给人类效法的教训，直到末日。{CG 359.1}[17]
§36
Jesus, in His thirty years of seclusion at Nazareth, toiled and rested, ate and slept, from week to week and from year to year, the same as His humble contemporaries. He called no attention to Himself as a marked personage; yet He was the worlds Redeemer, the adored of angels, doing, all the time, His Fathers work, living out a lesson that should remain for humanity to copy to the end of time. {CG 359.1}[17]
§37
日常生活中必须履行的人生职责，不论多么卑微，都应当表现出令人满意的勤奋。可惜大多数基督徒还没有学会这个重要的教训。即使没有人评判我们的工作，也没有人加以褒贬，我们仍当好好完成，就象在无穷之主的亲自鉴察之下。我们应当在业务的细节上忠心，就象在人生较大的事务上忠心一样。（十二）{CG 359.2}[18]
§38
This essential lesson of contented industry in the necessary duties of life, however humble, is yet to be learned by the greater portion of Christs followers. If there is no human eye to criticize our work, nor voice to praise or blame, it should be done just as well as if the Infinite One Himself were personally to inspect it. We should be as faithful in the minor details of our business as we would in the larger affairs of life. {CG 359.2}[18]