第55章 合作管教
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第55章 合作管教
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chap. 55 - Unity in Discipline
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教师需要处事机警－－在青年人中，会发现品格和所受的教育大不相同。有些人生长于专权、拘束、严厉之家，养成了一种执拗及反抗的精神。另一些则是家中的骄子宠儿，被父母溺爱，十分任性，并且因为每一个缺点都得到原谅，而致品格变成畸形。若要成功应付这些不同思想的人，教师不但管理态度要坚决，还必须以极大的灵巧与细心来对待。{CG 323.1}[1]
§4
The Teacher Needs Tact in Management.--Among the youth will be found great diversity of character and education. Some have lived in an element of arbitrary restraint and harshness, which has developed in them a spirit of obstinacy and defiance. Others have been household pets, allowed by overfond parents to follow their own inclinations. Every defect has been excused, until their character is deformed. To deal successfully with these different minds, the teacher needs to exercise great tact and delicacy in management, as well as firmness in government. {CG 323.1}[1]
§5
儿童往往不喜欢甚至藐视正确的规则。有些人用尽心思逃避惩罚；还有些人则不在意犯罪的后果。这一切都要求负责教育的人更加耐心，更加努力。（一）{CG 323.2}[2]
§6
Dislike and even contempt for proper regulations will often be manifested. Some will exercise all their ingenuity in evading penalties, while others will display a reckless indifference to the consequences of transgression. All this will call for more patience and greater exertion on the part of those who are entrusted with their education. {CG 323.2}[2]
§7
规则要少定，但要经过深思熟虑－－在学校和在家庭中一样，都需要执行明智的纪律。教师必须制订规章，指导管理他的学生。这些规章不宜多，但要经过深思熟虑。一经制订，就要切实执行。要使学生确认这些规章中所包含的每一项原则都是公正的。（二）{CG 323.3}[3]
§8
Let Rules Be Few and Well Considered.--In the school as well as in the home there should be wise discipline. The teacher must make rules to guide the conduct of his pupils. These rules should be few and well considered, and once made they should be enforced. Every principle involved in them should be so placed before the student that he will be convinced of its justice. {CG 323.3}[3]
§9
教师强令学生顺从－－在学校和家庭里都要明白管教的问题。我们指望在学校里始终用不着责打的杖。但学校里如果有学生顽梗地抵制一切教导和训诲，敌挡所有的祈祷和为他们所费的苦心，那就必须强令他们明白非顺从不可。{CG 323.4}[4]
§10
The Teacher Must Enforce Obedience.--In the school, as well as in the home, the question of discipline should be understood. We should hope that in the schoolroom there would never be occasion to use the rod. But if in a school there are those who stubbornly resist all counsel and entreaty, all prayers and burden of soul in their behalf, then it is necessary to make them understand that they must obey. {CG 323.4}[4]
§11
有些教师认为强令顺从不是最好的办法。他们觉得自己的责任只是教育。的确，他们应当实施教育。但如果儿童不理睬摆在他们前面的原则，教师也感觉不到自己有权行使权威，这种教育又有什么用呢？（三）{CG 324.1}[5]
§12
Some teachers do not think it best to enforce obedience. They think that their duty is merely to educate. True, they should educate. But what does the education of children amount to if, when they disregard the principles placed before them, the teacher does not feel that he has a right to exercise authority. {CG 324.1}[5]
§13
他需要父母的配合－－不应让教师单独负担工作，他需要每一位教友的同情、仁慈、合作和爱心。父母应表示欣赏教师的工作，借以鼓励他。他们不可说什么，或做什么事来助长儿童的不顺从。{CG 324.2}[6]
§14
He Needs the Co-operation of Parents.--The teacher should not be left to carry the burden of his work alone. He needs the sympathy, the kindness, the co-operation, and the love of every church member. The parents should encourage the teacher by showing that they appreciate his efforts. Never should they say or do anything that will encourage insubordination in their children. {CG 324.2}[6]
§15
但我知道，许多父母并没有与教师合作。他们没有在家庭中，配合学校的良好影响。他们没有在家庭中，执行学校所教导的顺从原则，却让儿童任意行事，随便乱跑。教师若行使职权，要儿童顺从，儿童就向父母歪曲事实真相。老师仅仅是做了他分内的事，父母却同情他们的孩子，尽管孩子是作错了。那些自己惯于发怒的父母，在儿童受到学校的约束和管教时，往往是最不讲理的。（四）{CG 324.3}[7]
§16
But I know that many parents do not co-operate with the teacher. They do not foster in the home the good influence exerted in the school. Instead of carrying out in the home the good influence exerted in the school, they allow their children to do as they please, to go hither and thither without restraint. And if the teacher exercises authority in requiring obedience, the children carry to their parents an exaggerated, distorted account of the way in which they have been dealt with. The teacher may have done only that which it was his painful duty to do; but the parents sympathize with their children, even though they are in the wrong. And often those parents who themselves rule in anger are the most unreasonable when their children are restrained and disciplined in school. {CG 324.3}[7]
§17
当父母们为自己的儿女抱怨学校的权威和纪律辩护时，他们并没有看出自己正在助长那盛行到可怕程度的道德败坏的势力。围绕青年人的每一影响都应在正确的一边，因为青年人堕落的行为正在与日俱增。（五）{CG 325.1}[8]
§18
When parents justify the complaints of their children against the authority and discipline of the school, they do not see that they are increasing the demoralizing power which now prevails to such a fearful extent. Every influence surrounding the youth needs to be on the right side, for youthful depravity is increasing. {CG 325.1}[8]
§19
他们应当支持忠心的教师－－那些从不关心自己儿女的心灵，从未对儿女进行适当约束和教导的父母，当他们的孩子在学校受到约束，责备或纠正时，就表现出最强烈的反对。这些孩子中，有些人对于教会，对于复临信徒的名称来说是一种耻辱。（六）{CG 325.2}[9]
§20
Let Them Sustain the Faithful Teachers.--Parents who have never felt the care which they should feel for the souls of their children, and who have never given them proper restraint and instruction, are the very ones who manifest the most bitter opposition when their children are restrained, reproved, or corrected at school. Some of these children are a disgrace to the church and a disgrace to the name of Adventists. {CG 325.2}[9]
§21
他们要教导儿女忠于上帝，忠于原则，从而真诚地对待自己和一切与他们接触的人。……{CG 325.3}[10]
§22
Let them [parents] teach their children to be true to God, true to principle, and thus true to themselves and to all with whom they are connected. . . . {CG 325.3}[10]
§23
凡这样教育儿童的父母，是不会轻易批评教师的。他们觉得为了自己儿女的利益和对学校的公正起见，应当竭力维护和尊重那些分担他们责任的教师。（七）{CG 325.4}[11]
§24
Parents who give this training are not the ones likely to be found criticizing the teacher. They feel that both the interest of their children and justice to the school demand that, so far as possible, they sustain and honor the one who shares their responsibility. {CG 325.4}[11]
§25
不要在儿童面前批评教师－－父母们，当教会学校的教师，为了你孩子得救，而教育训练他们的时候，虽然你认为教师过于严厉，也不要在儿童面前批评教师。你若希望儿童献身救主，就要努力和教师合作拯救他们。儿童若从父母口中听到的不是批评的话，而是称赞教师工作的话，那该多好啊！这些话会产生恒久的效果，影响儿童尊重教师。（八）{CG 325.5}[12]
§26
Never Criticize the Teacher Before Children.-- Parents, when the church school teacher tries to train and discipline your children that they may gain eternal life, do not in their presence criticize his actions, even though you may think him too severe. If you desire them to give their hearts to the Saviour, co-operate with the teachers efforts for their salvation. How much better it is for children, instead of hearing criticism, to hear from the lips of their mother words of commendation regarding the work of the teacher. Such words make lasting impressions and influence the children to respect the teacher. {CG 325.5}[12]
§27
如果教师的工作，必须受到批评和指正，也当私下进行，这样做若无效，就要将事情向学校校长反映。他们决不可说什么话或做什么，来削弱儿童对负有教育学生重大责任之教师的尊重。（九）{CG 326.1}[13]
§28
If criticism or suggestion in regard to the teachers work becomes necessary, it should be made to him in private. If this proves ineffective, let the matter be referred to those who are responsible for the management of the school. Nothing should be said or done to weaken the childrens respect for the one upon whom their well-being in so great degree depends. {CG 326.1}[13]
§29
如果父母们愿意置身于教师的地位，看出管理和训练不同年级，心思各异的几百个学生，必是何等的困难，他们或许在反思时会有不同的看法了。（十）{CG 326.2}[14]
§30
If parents would place themselves in the position of the teachers, and see how difficult it must necessarily be to manage and discipline a school of hundreds of students of every grade and class of minds, they might, upon reflection, see things differently. {CG 326.2}[14]
§31
抗命往往从家里开始－－让孩子们为所欲为，父母以为是慈爱的表现，其实是十足的残忍。儿童有思维的能力。轻率的爱，不论在父母眼中多么合理，也会危害他们的心灵。孩子长大以后，养成了抗命的精神。教师想要纠正他们，但父母往往偏护他们，以致罪恶继续加重，得到掩盖，若有可能，甚至比以前更为隐蔽。这些孩子的错误行为，把其他的孩子也引入歧途，父母却看不到。他们听信自己孩子的话，听不进为孩子的错行而忧伤的教师的话。（十一）{CG 326.3}[15]
§32
Insubordination Often Begins in the Home.--In allowing children to do as they please, parents may think themselves affectionate, but they are practicing the veriest cruelty. Children are able to reason, and their souls are hurt by inconsiderate kindness, however proper this kindness may be in the eyes of the parents. As the children grow older, their insubordination grows. Their teachers may try to correct them, but too often the parents side with the children, and the evil continues to grow, clothed, if possible, with a still darker covering of deception than before. Other children are led astray by the wrong course of these children, and yet the parents cannot see the wrong. The words of their children are listened to before the words of teachers, who mourn over the wrong. {CG 326.3}[15]
§33
父母不配合会使教师的工作加倍－－父母忽略了管教自己的儿女，使教师的工作加倍辛苦。父母倔强任性的品性，在孩子身上留下了印记。由于缺乏家教，孩子们就认为学校的管教过于严厉和压抑。这种孩子若不严加看管，他们桀傲不驯的畸形性格，将影响其他儿童。……儿童们从学校得到的好处，本来可以抵消家教的不足，而今却因父母对儿童错行的同情而破坏了。{CG 326.4}[16]
§34
Teachers Work Doubled by Non-co-operative Parents.--The neglect of parents to train their children makes the work of the teacher doubly hard. The children bear the stamp of the unruly, unamiable traits revealed by their parents. Neglected at home, they regard the discipline of the school as oppressive and severe. Such children, if not carefully guarded, will leaven other children by their undisciplined, deformed characters. . . . The good that children might receive in school to counteract their defective home training is undermined by the sympathy which their parents show for them in their wrongdoing. {CG 326.4}[16]
§35
信仰圣经的父母岂可继续包庇姑息，助长儿女罪恶的习性呢？自称信仰现代真理的父母们，最好能清醒过来，不再参与这件恶事，听信尚未悔改之儿女的假见证，而中了撒但的诡计。单是孩子们的淘气，即便没有父母的影响，已经够教师们应付的了。（十二）{CG 327.1}[17]
§36
Shall parents who believe the Word of God continue their crooked management and confirm in their children their evil propensities? Fathers and mothers professing the truth for this time might better come to their senses and no longer be partakers in this evil, no longer carry out Satans devices by accepting the false testimony of their unconverted children. It is enough for teachers to have the childrens influence to contend with, without having the parents influence also. {CG 327.1}[17]