第38章 研究年龄、性情和脾气
§1
第38章 研究年龄、性情和脾气
§2
chap. 38 - Study Age, Disposition, and Temperament
§3
不要催促结束童年生活－－父母不要催促儿女结束童年生活。给他们的教训，应能激发他们高尚的宗旨，但依然让他们作小孩子，带着淳朴的信心、正直和诚实长大，预备好进入天国。{CG 204.1}[1]
§4
Do Not Hurry Children Out of Childhood.-- Parents should never hurry their children out of their childhood. Let the lessons given them be of that character which will inspire their hearts with noble purposes; but let them be children and grow up with that simple trust, candor, and truthfulness which will prepare them to enter the kingdom of heaven. {CG 204.1}[1]
§5
每个阶段相应的美——父母和教师应当培养青年人的倾向，使他们生活的每个阶段都呈现出相应的美，像园中的植物那样，自然地成长。（二）{CG 204.2}[2]
§6
There Is a Beauty Appropriate to Each Period.-- Parents and teachers should aim so to cultivate the tendencies of the youth that at each stage of life they may represent the beauty appropriate to that period, unfolding naturally, as do the plants in the garden. {CG 204.2}[2]
§7
撒种者和种子的比喻，是基督最美好、最动人的比喻之一。……基督自己的生活，乃是这个比喻所发挥之真理的实例。祂身体和属灵方面的秉性，像植物一样，都是遵循生长的神圣规律，正如祂对所有的青年所希望的那样。祂虽然是天上的主宰、荣耀的王，却屈尊降卑成为一个伯利恒的婴孩，并一时作一个需要母亲关怀的无助幼儿。{CG 204.3}[3]
§8
One of Christs most beautiful and impressive parables is that of the sower and the seed. . . . The truths which this parable teaches were made a living reality in Christs own life. In both His physical and His spiritual nature He followed the divine order of growth, illustrated by the plant, as He wishes all youth to do. Although He was the Majesty of heaven, the King of glory, He became a babe in Bethlehem, and for a time represented the helpless infant in its mothers care. {CG 204.3}[3]
§9
耶稣在童年时代，履行了一个顺命儿童的本分。祂说话行事，都带着儿童的智慧，而不是成人的。祂尊敬父母，按着儿童的能力遵从父母的旨意，帮助他们。但祂成长的每一个阶段，都是完全的，具有无罪人生纯朴天然的优美。经上论到祂的童年说：“孩子渐渐长大，强健起来，充满智慧，又有上帝的恩在祂身上。”论到祂青年时期，经上记着说：“耶稣的智慧和身量，并上帝和人喜爱祂的心，都一齐增长”（路2:40,52）。（三）{CG 204.4}[4]
§10
In childhood Jesus did the works of an obedient child. He spoke and acted with the wisdom of a child, and not of a man, honoring His parents and carrying out their wishes in helpful ways, according to the ability of a child. But at each stage of His development He was perfect, with the simple, natural grace of a sinless life. The Sacred Record says of His childhood, The child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, filled with wisdom: and the grace of God was upon him. And of His youth it is recorded, Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favour with God and man. Luke 2:40, 52. {CG 204.4}[4]
§11
家庭成员的不同性情－－--在同一个家庭中，家人的脾气秉性往往明显不同，因为上帝的旨意是要各种气质的人结交在一起。当处于这种情况时，家中的每一个成员都应该庄严地尊重别人的感受和权利，藉以培养彼此的体谅和宽容，软化偏见，磨平品格的棱角。一家人可以和睦，各种性情的人住在一起可以使各人都受益。（四）{CG 205.1}[5]
§12
Diversity of Disposition in Family Members.-- Marked diversities of disposition and character frequently exist in the same family, for it is in the order of God that persons of varied temperament should associate together. When this is the case, each member of the household should sacredly regard the feelings and respect the right of the others. By this means mutual consideration and forbearance will be cultivated, prejudices will be softened, and rough points of character smoothed. Harmony may be secured, and the blending of the varied temperaments may be a benefit to each. {CG 205.1}[5]
§13
研究个人的思想与品格－－每一个出生在世上的儿童都增加了父母的责任。……要研究他们的性情、爱好和品格特征。父母要认真培养辨别力，以抑制错误的倾向，激发正义感和正确的原则。 {CG 205.2}[6]
§14
Study Individual Minds and Characters.--Every child brought into the world increases the responsibility of the parents. . . . Their dispositions, their tendencies, their traits of character are to be studied. Very carefully should the discriminating powers of the parents be educated, that they may be enabled to repress the wrong tendencies and encourage right impressions and correct principles. {CG 205.2}[6]
§15
这项工作不需要暴力或严厉。要培养自制的美德，在儿童心中留下印象。（五）{CG 205.3}[7]
§16
Violence or harshness is not required in this work. Self-control must be cultivated and leave its impression on the mind and heart of the child. {CG 205.3}[7]
§17
做人的思想工作是一项微妙的工作。不要用一样的方法对待所有的儿童，因为用在一个儿童身上的限制，若用在另一个儿童身上，就可能要了他的命。（六）{CG 205.4}[8]
§18
It is a very nice work to deal with human minds. All children cannot be treated in the same way, for that restraint which must be kept upon one would crush out the life of another. {CG 205.4}[8]
§19
软弱的性格需要扶助，邪恶的性格需要抑制－－具有均衡心智的人不多，因为父母严重疏忽了自己的本分，没有扶助软弱的性格，抑制邪恶的性格。他们忘记了自己负有最严肃的责任，就是要警惕每一个孩子的倾向，并教导他们养成正确的习惯和思想方法。（七）{CG 206.1}[9]
§20
Stimulate Weak Traits; Repress Wrong Ones.-- There are few well-balanced minds, because parents are wickedly negligent of their duty to stimulate weak traits and repress wrong ones. They do not remember that they are under the most solemn obligation to watch the tendencies of each child, that it is their duty to train their children to right habits and right ways of thinking. {CG 206.1}[9]
§21
了解每一个儿童的性情——要不断地关照儿童，但你们不要让他们发现你们始终在看守着他们。要了解他们彼此交往时所表显的性情，设法通过鼓励正确的品格而纠正他们的错误。要教导儿童们明白，他们智力和体力的发展在于他们自己。这是努力的结果。他们也要尽早明白，幸福不是建立在自私满足之上的。幸福是随着责任而来的。同时母亲也应尽量使孩子快乐。（八）{CG 206.2}[10]
§22
Learn the Disposition of Each Child.--Children must have constant care, but you need not let them see that you are ever guarding them. Learn the disposition of each as revealed in their association with one another, and then seek to correct their faults by encouraging opposite traits. Children should be taught that the development of both the mental and the physical powers rests with themselves; it is the result of effort. They should early learn that happiness is not found in selfish gratification; it follows only in the wake of duty. At the same time the mother should seek to make her children happy. {CG 206.2}[10]
§23
精神的需要和身体的需要同样重要－－有些父母只注意到儿女们今生物质上的需要，在他们有病之时，慈爱而真诚地照护他们，然后以为已尽了自己的责任。其实他们是错了。他们的工作不过才开始呢。他们该当照应儿女们精神上的需要。要运用合适的救药，去治疗受伤之脑筋，这是需要技巧的。{CG 206.3}[11]
§24
Mental Needs Are as Important As Physical.-- Some parents attend carefully to the temporal wants of their children; they kindly and faithfully nurse them in sickness, and then think their duty done. Here they mistake. Their work has but just begun. The wants of the mind should be cared for. It requires skill to apply the proper remedies to cure a wounded mind. {CG 206.3}[11]
§25
儿女们所受的试炼是很艰难的，在性质上也是很惨重的，正如年长的人所受的一样。父母们自己的感觉并不是始终如一的。他们的脑筋往往烦乱不定。他们在错误的观感之下劳力伤神。撒但打击他们，他们就屈从他的试探。他们说话急躁，在态度上也是激起儿女的怒气，常是苛责及暴躁。那可怜的儿女也赋有这同样的精神，父母们没有预备好帮助他们，因为麻烦的根源，就是父母自己。有时似乎是事事不对，到处生气，大家都过着很苦恼很不快乐的日子。父母们归罪于可怜的儿女，以为他们是很不听话及不受教，是世界上最坏的儿女，其实那些纷乱的根源，却是在父母自己的身上。（九）{CG 206.4}[12]
§26
Children have trials just as hard to bear, just as grievous in character, as those of older persons. Parents themselves do not feel the same at all times. Their minds are often perplexed. They labor under mistaken views, and feelings. Satan buffets them, and they yield to his temptations. They speak irritably and in a manner to excite wrath in their children, and are sometimes exacting and fretful. The poor children partake of the same spirit, and the parents are not prepared to help them, for they were the cause of the trouble. Sometimes everything seems to go wrong. There is fretfulness all around, and all have a miserable, unhappy time. The parents lay the blame upon their poor children and think them very disobedient and unruly, the worst children in the world, when the cause of the disturbance is in themselves. {CG 206.4}[12]
§27
鼓励温柔的美德－－那不均衡的心志、急躁的脾气、易怒、猜忌、和嫉妒等都见证了父母的疏忽。这些邪恶的品格特性使其拥有者十分不快乐。多少人因此而没能得到同伴及朋友们的爱，如果他们多一些和蔼可亲，原可得到的。多少人无论何往，无论作何事，都在引起麻烦！（十）{CG 207.1}[13]
§28
Encourage Amiability.--The ill-balanced mind, the hasty temper, the fretfulness, envy, or jealousy, bear witness to parental neglect. These evil traits of character bring great unhappiness to their possessors. How many fail to receive from companions and friends the love which they might have, if they were more amiable. How many create trouble wherever they go, and in whatever they are engaged! {CG 207.1}[13]
§29
不同的性情需要不同的训练－－儿童有不同的性情，因此父母不能采用千篇一律的教育方法。思想有不同的品质，要藉着祈祷而研究，以便塑造儿女的心灵，实现上帝的旨意。（十一）{CG 207.2}[14]
§30
Varied Temperaments Need Varied Discipline.-- Children have varied temperaments, and parents cannot always give the same manner of discipline to each. There are different qualities of mind, and they should be made a prayerful study that they may be molded so as to accomplish the purpose God designed. {CG 207.2}[14]
§31
母亲们，……要化时间了解你们的孩子。要研究他们的性情和脾气，以便知道如何对待他们。有些儿童比其他儿童更需要关照。（十二）{CG 207.3}[15]
§32
Mothers, . . . take time to get acquainted with your children. Study their dispositions and temperaments, that you may know how to deal with them. Some children need more attention than others. {CG 207.3}[15]
§33
对待没有希望的儿童－－有一些儿童，需要更耐心的教育和温慈的训练，他们所承受的是不良的秉性，所以需要更多的同情和爱心。通过不倦的努力，这些难以教育的人，也能培养好参加主的工作。他们可能有未经发掘的才干，如果得到较好的培养，就能使他们站在人们所认为大有希望之人的前列。{CG 207.4}[16]
§34
Dealing With Unpromising Children.--There are some children who need more patient discipline and kindly training than others. They have received as a legacy unpromising traits of character, and because of this they need the more of sympathy and love. By persevering labor these wayward ones may be prepared for a place in the work of the Master. They may possess undeveloped powers which, when aroused, will enable them to fill places far in advance of those from whom more has been expected. {CG 207.4}[16]
§35
你的孩子若性情孤僻，决不可因此使他们灰心。……要忍耐和同情地帮助他们，借着爱心的言语，仁慈的举动，加强他们的力量，来克服品格上的弱点。（十三）{CG 208.1}[17]
§36
If you have children with peculiar temperaments, do not, because of this, let the blight of discouragement rest upon their lives. . . . Help them by the manifestation of forbearance and sympathy. Strengthen them by loving words and kindly deeds to overcome their defects of character. {CG 208.1}[17]
§37
能够实施的训练超过你的想象－－母亲一旦爱上了耶稣，就会希望为祂而培养儿女。你从孩子最小时开始对他们所进行的训练，能比你所想象的多得多。耶稣宝贵的圣名应当家喻户晓。（十四）{CG 208.2}[18]
§38
You Can Train More Than You Think.--Just as soon as the mother loves Jesus, she wants to train her children for Him. You can train the disposition of children much more than you think you can from their earliest years. That precious name of Jesus should be a household word. {CG 208.2}[18]