第06章 家庭教育
§1
第06章 家庭教育
§2
Chap. 06 - Home Education.
§3
母亲的工作是重要的。她应当在家庭的各样挂虑和日常生活的累人责任中，努力发挥一种会使自己的家人蒙福而且高尚的感化力。在交托她照管的孩子们身上，每一个母亲都有来自天父的神圣责任。她有特权藉着基督的恩典，按照那神圣的模范塑造孩子们的品格，对他们的生活发挥一种影响力，吸引他们归向上帝和天国。母亲们若总是意识到自己的责任，并以此为自己的第一宗旨，最重要的使命，使他们的儿女适合履行今生的责任，配得不朽来生的尊荣，我们就不会看到如今在我们国家那么多家庭中存在的痛苦不幸了。母亲的工作应使自己的生命不断进步，以便带领她的儿女达到高而又高的造诣。但撒但却制定计划，要俘虏父母和儿女的灵魂。母亲们被吸引，转离家庭的义务和对自己小孩的仔细训练，而去侍奉自我和世界。她们允许虚荣、时尚和次要的事占据了注意力，却忽略宝贵儿女的体育和德育。{CTBH 60.1}[1]
§4
The work of the mother is an important one. Amid the homely cares and trying duties of every-day life, she should endeavor to exert an influence that will bless and elevate her household. In the children committed to her care, every mother has a sacred charge from the heavenly Father; and it is her privilege, through the grace of Christ, to mould their character after the divine pattern, to shed an influence over their lives that will draw them toward God and heaven. If mothers had always realized their responsibility, and made it their first purpose, their most important mission, to fit their children for the duties of this life and for the honors of the future, immortal life, we would not see the misery that now exists in so many homes in our land. The mothers work is such that it demands continual advancement in her own life, in order that she may lead her children to higher and still higher attainments. But Satan lays his plans to secure the souls of both parents and children. Mothers are drawn away from the duties of home and the careful training of their little ones, to the service of self and the world. Vanity, fashion, and matters of minor importance are allowed to absorb the attention, and the physical and moral education of the precious children is neglected. {CTBH 60.1}[1]
§5
作母亲的若以世界的风俗习惯为标准，就会不适合她本分的职责。若是时尚把她束缚住了，就会削弱她的耐力，使人生成为一个令人厌倦的重担而不是福气。她因身体的软弱可能会不赏识自己所拥有之机会的价值，任由自己的子女长大成人而没有受益于她的思想、她的祈祷和她殷勤的教导。母亲们只要考虑上帝赐给她们的奇妙特权，就不会那么轻易地撇下自己神圣的责任，去注意世上的琐事。{CTBH 60.2}[2]
§6
If she makes the customs and practices of the world her criterion, the mother will become unfitted for the responsible duties of her lot. If fashion holds her in bondage, it will weaken her powers of endurance, and make life a wearing burden instead of a blessing. Through physical weakness she may fail to appreciate the value of the opportunities that are hers, and her family may be left to grow up without the benefit of her thought, her prayers, and her diligent instruction. If mothers would only consider the wonderful privileges that God has given them, they would not be so easily turned aside from their sacred duties to the trivial affairs of the world. {CTBH 60.2}[2]
§7
母亲的工作开始于她怀中的婴孩。我常见到小孩子一遭反对便滚在地上尖叫。这正是斥责那邪灵的时候。仇敌会设法控制我们儿女的意念，但我们岂可让他按照他的意愿塑造他们呢？这些小孩子无法看出是什么灵在影响着他们，而父母的责任就是运用判断力，为他们作判断。必须仔细注意他们的习惯。邪恶的倾向要受到抑制，要激励他们的心智支持正义。应当鼓励孩子想要自制的每一努力。{CTBH 61.1}[3]
§8
The mothers work begins with the babe in her arms. I have often seen the little one throw itself and scream if its will was crossed in any way. This is the time to rebuke the evil spirit. The enemy will try to control the minds of our children, but shall we allow him to mould them according to his will? These little ones cannot discern what spirit is influencing them, and it is the duty of parents to exercise judgment and discretion for them. Their habits must be carefully watched. Evil tendencies are to be restrained, and the mind stimulated in favor of the right. The child should be encouraged in every effort to govern itself. {CTBH 61.1}[3]
§9
有规律应该成为孩子们一切习惯的准则。母亲们让孩子在两餐之间吃零食，乃是犯了一个大错误。胃因此而变得紊乱，且为将来的病苦打下了基础。他们的烦躁可能是因还没消化的不健康的食物引起的；作母亲的却认为自己不能花时间思考这事并且纠正她不明智的管理。她也不能停下来去安抚他们不耐烦的焦虑。她给那小小的受害者一块蛋糕或别的什么好吃的东西，要使他们安静下来，但这只会助长罪恶。有些母亲急着去做大量工作，神经紧张而匆忙，以致她们比孩子更急躁易怒，便用责骂甚至殴打设法吓唬孩子安静下来。{CTBH 61.2}[4]
§10
Regularity should be the rule in all the habits of children. Mothers make a great mistake in permitting them to eat between meals. The stomach becomes deranged by this practice, and the foundation is laid for future suffering. Their fretfulness may have been caused by unwholesome food, still undigested; but the mother feels that she cannot spend time to reason upon the matter, and correct her injurious management. Neither can she stop to soothe their impatient worrying. She gives the little sufferers a piece of cake or some other dainty to quiet them, but this only increases the evil. Some mothers, in their anxiety to do a great amount of work, get wrought up into such nervous haste that they are more irritable than the children, and by scolding and even blows they try to terrify the little ones into quietude. {CTBH 61.2}[4]
§11
母亲们常常抱怨孩子脆弱的健康状况，并且去请教医生，其实她们若是运用一点常识，就会看出麻烦是由错误的饮食引起的。{CTBH 61.3}[5]
§12
Mothers often complain of the delicate health of their children, and consult the physician, when, if they would but exercise a little common sense, they would see that the trouble is caused by errors in diet. {CTBH 61.3}[5]
§13
我们生活在一个暴饮贪食的时代，年轻人受教形成的习惯是直接违背自然律的，甚至许多安息日复临信徒也是如此。我有一次曾坐在一个有几个孩子在十二岁以下的餐桌旁。桌上摆着大量肉食，然后一个纤弱的、神经质的女孩要吃腌菜。便有一瓶因芥末和香料而火辣的腌什锦菜递给她，她就畅快地随便吃起来。那孩子的神经过敏和兴奋易怒的脾气是众所周知的，而这些火辣的调味品正好助长这种脾气。最大的那个孩子以为自己如果没肉就吃不了饭，如果没给他肉吃，他就表现出极其不满，甚至不敬。作母亲的在他的好恶上一直纵容他，直到她变得差不多成了他任性的奴隶。那个少年没有活干，他便花许多时间在阅读无用或比无用更糟的东西上。他几乎总是抱怨头痛，对清淡的食物没有一点胃口。{CTBH 61.4}[6]
§14
We are living in an age of gluttony, and the habits to which the young are educated, even by many Seventh-day Adventists, are in direct opposition to the laws of nature. I was seated once at the table with several children under twelve years of age. Meat was plentifully served, and then a delicate, nervous girl called for pickles. A bottle of chow-chow, fiery with mustard and pungent with spices, was handed her, from which she helped herself freely. The child was proverbial for her nervousness and irritability of temper, and these fiery condiments were well calculated to produce such a condition. The oldest child thought he could not eat a meal without meat, and showed great dissatisfaction, and even disrespect, if it was not provided for him. The mother had indulged him in his likes and dislikes till she had become little better than a slave to his caprices. The lad had not been provided with work, and he spent the greater portion of his time in reading that which was useless or worse than useless. He complained almost constantly of headache, and had no relish for simple food. {CTBH 61.4}[6]
§15
父母应当给儿女活计干。那会成为罪恶之源的，莫过于懒惰了。使肌肉产生有益健康的疲劳的体力劳动，会使人对有益健康的清淡食物有胃口，而适当操劳的青年不会因没有看到一盘肉食和各种诱人的美味摆在面前而喃喃不平地起身离开餐桌。{CTBH 62.1}[7]
§16
Parents should provide employment for their children. Nothing will be a more sure source of evil than indolence. Physical labor that brings healthful weariness to the muscles, will give an appetite for simple, wholesome food, and the youth who is properly employed will not rise from the table grumbling because he does not see before him a platter of meat and various dainties to tempt his appetite. {CTBH 62.1}[7]
§17
上帝的儿子耶稣用自己的双手在木匠行业的操劳，给全体青年树立了一个榜样。那些不屑于负起人生普通责任的人要记得，耶稣顺从了祂的父母，分担了供养家庭的责任。在约瑟和马利亚的餐桌上很少看到奢侈品，因为他们是贫穷卑微的人。{CTBH 62.2}[8]
§18
Jesus, the Son of God, in laboring with his hands at the carpenters trade, gave an example to all youth. Let those who scorn to take up the common duties of life remember that Jesus was subject to his parents, and contributed his share toward the sustenance of the family. Few luxuries were seen on the table of Joseph and Mary, for they were among the poor and lowly. {CTBH 62.2}[8]
§19
父母应该在花钱上作儿女的榜样。有些人一有钱就花掉，买美味来吃，或不必要的衣服装饰，及至挣的钱少了，他们就感到需要所浪费的钱财了。他们若是收入颇丰，也会用掉每一块钱；若是收入很少，就不足以满足他们所养成的铺张浪费的习惯，便要借钱来满足需要。他们想方设法得钱来满足他们假想必需的东西。他们变得不诚实不真实了，在天上的册子中的记录对他们不利，是他们在审判之日不堪回首的。眼目的情欲要满足、食欲的渴望要纵容，他们便因无远见的浪费习惯而使自己处在贫穷状态。奢侈浪费是青年容易犯的罪。他们看不起节俭的习惯，唯恐被认为小气吝啬。天上的大君耶稣已给青年树立了一个忍耐、勤奋和节俭的榜样，祂会对这种人说什么呢？{CTBH 62.3}[9]
§20
Parents should be an example to their children in the expenditure of money. There are those who, as soon as they get money, spend it for dainties to eat, or for needless adornments of dress, and when the supply of money becomes reduced, they feel the need of that which they have wasted. If they have an abundant income, they use every dollar of it; if small, it is not sufficient for the habits of extravagance they have acquired, and they borrow to supply the demand. They gather from any source possible to meet their fancied necessities. They become dishonest and untruthful, and the record that stands against them in the books of heaven is such as they will not care to look upon in the day of Judgment. The desire of the eye must be gratified, the craving of the appetite indulged, and they keep themselves poor by their improvident habits, when they might have learned to live within their means. Extravagance is one of the sins to which youth are prone. They despise economical habits, for fear they shall be thought niggardly and mean. What will Jesus, the Majesty of heaven, who has given them an example of patient industry and economy, say to such? {CTBH 62.3}[9]
§21
这里没有必要列举节约的细则。那些全心顺服上帝并以祂的话作为自己向导的人，必明白如何妥善地履行人生的各项义务。他们要效法心里柔和谦卑的耶稣。他们在培养基督温柔的时候，能关闭那抵抗无数试探门户。{CTBH 63.1}[10]
§22
It is not necessary to specify here how economy may be practiced in every particular. Those whose hearts are fully surrendered to God, and who take his word as their guide, will know how to conduct themselves in all the duties of life. They will learn of Jesus, who is meek and lowly of heart; and in cultivating the meekness of Christ they will close the door against innumerable temptations. {CTBH 63.1}[10]
§23
当那么多的人甚至无法将饥饿拒之门外的时候，他们不会考虑如何为了炫耀来满足食欲和情欲。每一天在不必要的东西上花掉的钱，想来不过几分几毛，似乎很少；但这些小小的浪费日积月累，数年之后，数目就会几乎令人难以置信了。{CTBH 63.2}）[11]
§24
They will not be studying how to gratify appetite and the passion for display, while so many cannot even keep hunger from the door. The amount daily spent in needless things, with the thought, It is only a nickel, It is only a dime, seems very little; but multiply these littles by the days of the year, and as the years go by, the array of figures will seem almost incredible. {CTBH 63.2}[11]
§25
主乐意将奢侈习惯的恶果显在我面前，使我可以警告父母们：要教导儿女厉行节约。要教他们知道，把钱花在不必要的东西上，乃是滥用钱财。那在小事上不忠心的人，在大事上也不忠心。人们若是对地上的财物不忠心，就不能把永恒的财富托付他们。要看住食欲；藉着言传身教教导你们的儿女采用清淡的饮食。要教导他们勤劳，不仅仅是忙碌，而是从事有益的劳动。要设法唤醒道德敏感性。甚至从幼年时期就要教他们知道，上帝对他们有要求。要告诉他们：在各方面都会遭遇道德败坏，所以他们需要来到耶稣面前，并且把自己的身体和心灵献给祂，他们必在祂里面得到力量抵挡每一个试探。要使他们始终谨记：他们受造不仅仅是为取悦自己，而是要为了高尚的目的作主的代理人。要教导他们知道：当试探敦促他们踏入自私放纵的道路时，当撒但谋求使他们看不到上帝时，要仰望耶稣，恳求说：“主啊，救我，使我不致被胜过。”天使会集结在他们周围，回应他们的祈祷，领他们到安全之途。{CTBH 63.3}[12]
§26
The Lord has been pleased to present before me the evils which result from spendthrift habits, that I might admonish parents to teach their children strict economy. Teach them that money spent for that which they do not need, is perverted from its proper use. He that is unfaithful in that which is least, would be unfaithful in much. If men are unfaithful with earthly goods, they cannot be intrusted with the eternal riches. Set a guard over the appetite; teach your children by example as well as by precept to use a simple diet. Teach them to be industrious, not merely busy, but engaged in useful labor. Seek to arouse the moral sensibilities. Teach them that God has claims upon them, even from the early years of their childhood. Tell them that there are moral corruptions to be met on every hand, that they need to come to Jesus and give themselves to him, body and spirit, and that in him they will find strength to resist every temptation. Keep before their minds that they were not created merely to please themselves, but to be the Lords agent for noble purposes. Teach them, when temptations urge into paths of selfish indulgence, when Satan is seeking to shut out God from their sight, to look to Jesus, pleading, Save, Lord, that I be not overcome. Angels will gather about them in answer to their prayer, and lead them into safe paths. {CTBH 63.3}[12]
§27
基督为祂的门徒祷告，不是要他们脱离世界，而是要他们脱离罪恶——以便他们得蒙保守，不致屈服于会在各方面遇到的试探。这是每一位父亲和母亲都应该献上的祷告。但是他们在这样为自己的孩子向上帝恳求之后，就该撇下他们去任意而行吗？他们应该纵容食欲直到它掌了权，然后还指望去约束自己的儿女吗？——不应该！应该自幼就教导他们实行节制和自制。这项工作大部分要由母亲来负责。母亲和自己的孩子之间有最温柔的现世关系。由于这种更强更温柔的连结，孩子更容易受母亲的而非父亲的生活和榜样所影响。但母亲的责任是沉重的，应该得到父亲不断的帮助。{CTBH 64.1}[13]
§28
Christ prayed for his disciples, not that they should be taken out of the world, but that they should be kept from evil, -- that they might be kept from yielding to the temptations they would meet on every hand. This is a prayer that should be offered up by every father and mother. But should they thus plead with God in behalf of their children, and then leave them to do as they please? Should they pamper the appetite until it gets the mastery, and then expect to restrain the children? -- No; temperance and self-control should be taught from the very cradle up. Upon the mother must rest largely the responsibility of this work. The tenderest earthly tie is that between the mother and her child. The child is more readily impressed by the life and example of the mother than by that of the father, because of this stronger and more tender bond of union. Yet the mothers responsibility is a heavy one, and should have the constant aid of the father. {CTBH 64.1}[13]
§29
在饮食上不节制、在工作上不节制、在几乎每一件事上都不节制的状况存在于方方面面。那些在特定的时间里作出极大的努力完成那么多的工作，并在他们的理智告诉他们应该休息时仍继续苦干的人，是不会成功的。他们是靠借来的资本生活。他们在耗费将来所需要的生命力。在需要他们所无度挥霍的精力时，他们因缺乏而失败了。体力已经消失，智力已经用尽。他们意识到自己蒙受了损失，却不知道是什么损失。需要他们的时候到了，但他们身体的资源已经耗尽了。每一个干犯健康律的人有朝一日都必蒙受或多或少的损失。上帝赐给我们与生俱来的体力，在我们人生的不同时期用得到。如果我们藉着持续过劳不顾一切地耗尽了这种力量，我们有一天就会成为失败者。即使生命没有毁灭，我们的用途也会削弱。{CTBH 64.2}[14]
§30
Intemperance in eating and drinking, intemperance in labor, intemperance in almost everything, exists on every hand. Those who make great exertions to accomplish just so much work in a given time, and continue to labor when their judgment tells them they should rest, are never gainers. They are living on borrowed capital. They are expending the vital force which they will need at a future time. And when the energy they have so recklessly used is demanded, they fail for want of it. The physical strength is gone, the mental powers fail. They realize that they have met with a loss, but do not know what it is. Their time of need has come, but their physical resources are exhausted. Every one who violates the laws of health must sometime be a sufferer to a greater or less degree. God has provided us with constitutional force, which will be needed at different periods of our life. If we recklessly exhaust this force by continual overtaxation, we shall sometime be losers. Our usefulness will be lessened, if not our life itself destroyed. {CTBH 64.2}[14]
§31
白天的操劳一般不应延续到晚上。若是白天的时辰都得到了善用，又将工作延续到晚上，就很过分，过劳的身体系统就会因强加给它的负担而受苦。我蒙指示看到，凡这样做的人，往往因精力消耗而得不偿失。他们在紧张的精神状态下工作。他们也许眼前不觉得有什么损害，但他们确实在摧残自己的身体。{CTBH 65.1}[15]
§32
As a rule, the labor of the day should not be prolonged into the evening. If all the hours of the day are well improved, the work extended into the evening is so much extra, and the overtaxed system will suffer from the burden imposed upon it. I have been shown that those who do this, often lose much more than they gain, for their energies are exhausted, and they labor on nervous excitement. They may not realize any immediate injury, but they are surely undermining their constitution. {CTBH 65.1}[15]
§33
父母要与家人共度晚上的时光。要撇下白天工作的操劳和困惑。为夫为父的人若是定规不把业务上的麻烦带入家中使家人烦恼忧虑，不损害家人的快乐，就会大有收获。他或许在困难的事上需要妻子的忠告，他们二人也可藉着同心祷告寻求上帝的智慧来获得解救；然而不断绞尽脑汁地思考业务上的事，会损害身心的健康。{CTBH 65.2}[16]
§34
Let parents devote the evenings to their families. Lay off care and perplexity with the labors of the day. The husband and father would gain much if he would make it a rule not to mar the happiness of his family by bringing his business troubles home to fret and worry over. He may need the council of his wife in difficult matters, and they may both obtain relief in their perplexities by unitedly seeking wisdom of God; but to keep the mind constantly strained upon business affairs will injure the health of both mind and body. {CTBH 65.2}[16]
§35
晚上的时光要尽可能过得快乐。要让家成为一个快活、礼貌、有爱存在的地方。这会使家对孩子们有吸引力。父母若是不断自找麻烦，急躁易怒爱挑剔，孩子们就会与同样的精神有分，不平不满爱争竞，家就成了世上最痛苦最悲惨的地方。孩子们就会发现在陌生人中间、在不计后果的团伙中、或在街上比家里更愉快。若是实行凡事节制，并且培养耐心，这一切都可避免。家里的每一个成员都实行自制，就会使家成为一个乐园。要尽可能使你们的房间令人愉快。要让孩子们发现家是地上最吸引人的地方。要在他们周围投放这种影响：使他们不去寻求街头的同伴，且以鬼混的恶习为极其讨厌的事。家庭生活若是应有的样子，家中所形成的习惯就会在他们为世界离开家庭的庇护时，作一道坚固的防线抵御试探的袭击。{CTBH 65.3}[17]
§36
Let the evenings be spent as happily as possible. Let home be a place where cheerfulness, courtesy, and love exist. This will make it attractive to the children. If the parents are continually borrowing trouble, are irritable and fault-finding, the children partake of the same spirit of dissatisfaction and contention, and home is the most miserable place in the world. The children find more pleasure among strangers, in reckless company, or in the street, than at home. All this might be avoided if temperance in all things were practiced, and patience cultivated. Self-control on the part of all the members of the family will make home almost a paradise. Make your rooms as cheerful as possible. Let the children find home the most attractive place on earth. Throw about them such influences that they will not seek for street companions, nor think of the haunts of vice except with horror. If the home-life is what it should be, the habits formed there will be a strong defense against the assaults of temptation when the young shall leave the shelter of home for the world. {CTBH 65.3}[17]
§37
我们盖房子是为了家人的幸福呢，还仅仅是为了炫耀呢？我们是为儿女提供舒适、阳光充足的房间呢，还是让他们住在黑暗封闭的房间，而把向阳的房间留给并不依赖我们得幸福的陌生人呢？我们所能做的最高尚的工作，所能给予社会的最大益处，莫过于给我们的儿女正确的教育，藉着言传身教使他们铭记：洁净生活并使人目的真诚的重要原则，会使他们最有资格在世界上尽他们的本分。{CTBH 66.1}[18]
§38
Do we build our houses for the happiness of the family, or merely for display? Do we provide pleasant, sunny rooms for our children, or do we keep them darkened and closed, reserving them for strangers who are not dependent on us for happiness? There is no nobler work that we can do, no greater benefit that we can confer upon society, than to give to our children a proper education impressing upon them, by precept and example, the important principle that purity of life and sincerity of purpose will best qualify them to act their part in the world. {CTBH 66.1}[18]
§39
我们人为的习惯使我们丧失了许多特权和快乐，使我们不适合作有为的人。时尚的生活是刚硬不感恩的生活。往往牺牲了光阴、金钱和健康，耗尽了耐心，丧失了自制，仅仅是为了炫耀。父母们若是坚持简朴，不纵容只为满足虚荣和跟从时尚的花费，在思想上保持高尚的独立，不为那些虽然自称相信基督，却不肯背舍己的十字架之人的影响所动，他们就会藉着这种榜样本身给自己的儿女一种无价的教育。孩子们就会成为具有道德价值的男男女女，转而有勇气为正义勇敢地站立，甚至反对现行的时尚和流行的意见。{CTBH 66.2}[19]
§40
Our artificial habits deprive us of many privileges and much enjoyment, and unfit us for usefulness. A fashionable life is a hard, thankless life. How often time, money, and health are sacrificed, the patience sorely tried, and self-control lost, merely for the sake of display. If parents would cling to simplicity, not indulging in expense for the gratification of vanity, and to follow fashion; if they would maintain a noble independence in the right, unmoved by the influence of those, who, while professing Christ, refuse to lift the cross of self-denial, they would by their example itself give their children an invaluable education. The children would become men and women of moral worth, and, in their turn, would have courage to stand bravely for the right, even against the current of fashion and popular opinion. {CTBH 66.2}[19]
§41
父母的每一个行为都对儿女的将来产生影响。他们若花费光阴和钱财在外表的装饰和满足不正当的食欲上，就是在儿女身上培养虚荣、自私自利和贪欲。母亲们抱怨操劳的负担很重，不能花时间耐心地教导自己的小孩，同情他们的失望和考验。年幼的心渴望同情和慈爱，若是从父母得不到这些，便会寻求从可能危害心智与道德的来源去得到。我听到母亲们拒绝儿女某种无罪的娱乐，因为没有时间也不想做，同时她们忙碌的手指和疲倦的眼睛却在殷勤地从事某种无用的装饰品，某种只会在孩子们身上助长虚荣和铺张浪费的东西。“嫩枝怎样弯，树就怎样长。”当孩子们长成成年男女时，这些教训就会结出骄傲和道德卑劣的果子。父母们对儿女的错误感到痛心，却看不到事实上他们不过是在自食其果。{CTBH 67.1}[20]
§42
Every act of the parents tells on the future of the children. In devoting time and money to the outward adorning and the gratification of perverted appetite, they are cultivating vanity, selfishness, and lust in the children. Mothers complain of being so burdened with care and labor that they cannot take time patiently to instruct their little ones, and to sympathize with them in their disappointments and trials. Young hearts yearn for sympathy and tenderness, and if they do not obtain it from their parents, they will seek it from sources that may endanger both mind and morals. I have heard mothers refuse their children some innocent pleasure, for lack of time and thought, while their busy fingers and weary eyes were diligently engaged on some useless piece of adorning, something which could only serve to encourage vanity and extravagance in the children. As the twig is bent, the tree is inclined. As the children approach manhood and womanhood, these lessons bear fruit in pride and moral worthlessness. The parents deplore the childrens faults, but are blind to the fact that they are but reaping the crop from seed of their own planting. {CTBH 67.1}[20]
§43
基督徒父母们哪，要挑起你们人生的担子，坦诚地思考你们身上的神圣责任。要以上帝的道为你们的标准，而不是随从世界的时尚和风俗、眼目的情欲和今生的骄傲。你们家庭将来的福乐和社会的福利大大有赖于你们儿女在幼年所受的体育和德育。若是他们的品格和习惯在凡事上都象所应该的那样单纯，若是他们的服装整洁，没有额外的装饰，母亲们就会有时间使自己的儿女快乐，并且教导他们出于爱心的顺从。{CTBH 67.2}[21]
§44
Christian parents, take up your life burden, and think candidly of the sacred obligations that rest upon you. Make the word of God your standard, instead of following the fashions and customs of the world, the lust of the eye, and the pride of life. The future happiness of your families and the welfare of society depend largely upon the physical and moral education which your children receive in the first years of their life. If their tastes and habits are as simple in all things as they should be, if the dress is tidy, without extra adornment, mothers will find time to make their children happy, and teach them loving obedience. {CTBH 67.2}[21]
§45
不要太早把你们的小孩子送到学校去。母亲在把幼儿的心智交给别人去塑造的事上要谨慎。父母们应该作自己儿女最好的老师，直到他们到了八到十岁。他们的教室应该是露天，在花儿和鸟儿中，他们的课本应该是自然界的珍宝。父母应当照着他们的心智所能领会的，在他们面前打开上帝的自然大书。在这种环境中给予的这些教训不会很快忘记。应该下苦功预备心田接受那位撒种的人所撒的好种。如今比浪费了还坏地用来随从世界时尚的光阴和工作，若有一半用在培养孩子的心智、形成正确的习惯上，许多家庭中就会有一番显著的改变。{CTBH 67.3}[22]
§46
Do not send your little ones away to school too early. The mother should be careful how she trusts the moulding of the infant mind to other hands. Parents ought to be the best teachers of their children till they have reached eight or ten years of age. Their school-room should be the open air, amid the flowers and birds, and their text-book the treasures of nature. As fast as their minds can comprehend it, the parents should open before them Gods great book of nature. These lessons, given amid such surroundings, will not soon be forgotten. Great pains should be taken to prepare the soil of the heart for the Sower to scatter the good seed. If half the time and labor that is now worse than wasted in following the fashions of the world, were devoted to the cultivation of the minds of the children, to the formation of correct habits, a marked change would be apparent in families. {CTBH 67.3}[22]
§47
不久前我听到一位母亲说，她喜欢看到一栋构造适当的房子，完工时在布置和木工工艺搭配不当方面的缺陷使她很苦恼。我并不谴责在这方面有优雅的品味，但我在听她讲话时，却很惋惜这种优雅没有用在她管教儿女的方法上。儿女原是房屋，她要为他们的构造负责；可是他们粗野无礼的作风、他们急躁易怒的自私性情和不羁的意志，显然令他人痛苦。他们确实养成了不良的品性，在人性上搭配不当，可是作母亲的却统统视而不见。她家房子的布置对她来说比自己的儿女有匀称的品格更加重要。{CTBH 68.1}[23]
§48
Not long since I heard a mother say that she liked to see a house fitly constructed, that defects in the arrangement and mismatched wood-work in the finishing annoyed her. I do not condemn nice taste in this respect, but as I listened to her, I regretted that this nicety could not have been brought into her methods of managing her children. These were buildings for whose framing she was responsible; yet their rough, uncourteous ways, their passionate, selfish natures and uncontrolled wills, were painfully apparent to others. Ill-formed characters, mismatched pieces of humanity, indeed they were, yet the mother was blind to it all. The arrangement of her house was of more consequence to her than the symmetry of her childrens character. {CTBH 68.1}[23]
§49
清洁和秩序是基督徒的本分，然而就连这些都可能做过头，被当成唯一不可少的事，而更重要的事却被忽视了。那些因考虑这些事而忽视儿女权益的人，是在薄荷茴香上交十分之一，却忽视了律法上更重的事——公义、怜悯和上帝的爱。{CTBH 68.2}[24]
§50
Cleanliness and order are Christian duties, yet even these may be carried too far, and made the one essential, while matters of greater importance are neglected. Those who neglect the interests of the children for these considerations, are tithing the mint and cummin, while they neglect the weightier matters of the law, -- justice, mercy, and the love of God. {CTBH 68.2}[24]
§51
得到纵容最多的儿女变得任性、易怒、不可爱。但愿父母们认识到，父母和儿女的幸福依赖于明智的早期训练。这些交给我们照顾的小孩子是谁呢？{CTBH 68.3}[25]
§52
Those children who are the most indulged become willful, passionate, and unlovely. Would that parents could realize that upon judicious early training depends the happiness of both the parents and the children. Who are these little ones that are committed to our care? {CTBH 68.3}[25]
§53
他们是主家中的幼小成员。祂说：“接受这个儿子，这个女儿，为我养育他们，装备他们，使他们可以‘按建宫的样式凿成’（诗144:12），可以在主的宫廷中发光。”这是宝贵的工作！是重要的工作！可是我们却见到母亲们渴望更广阔的工作园地，渴望会做某种传道工作。她们若是去了非洲或印度，就会觉得自己在做了不起的事。但负起日常生活的小责任，忠心去做并且持之以恒，对她们来说却似乎是一件不重要的事。为什么这样呢？岂不往往是因为母亲的工作很少受到赏识吗？她有千般的挂虑和负担，是作父亲的很少知道的。他回家时往往带着自己的挂虑和业务上的困惑，给自己的家庭投上阴影，他若在家中发现没有事事如意，就用不耐烦和挑剔表达自己的情绪。他能夸耀白天的成绩，可是孩子母亲的工作在他心中却没有什么价值，至少被低估了。对他来说，她的挂虑显然无足轻重。她只要做饭，看孩子，有时孩子多一些，保持家庭整洁有序。她整天努力保持家庭机器平衡运转。她虽劳累困惑，而仍设法仁慈愉快地讲话，指教儿女，保守他们在正路上。这一切都需要她付出努力和许多忍耐。她却无法转而自夸她所做的。在她看来，似乎自己一事无成。然而不是这样。她工作的果效虽不明显，上帝的天使却在注视着饱经忧患的母亲，注意到她日复一日背负的重担。她的名字可能从未出现在历史的记录中，也没受到世人的尊荣与喝彩，象许多为夫为父的人那样；却在上帝的册子中永垂不朽。她在做自己所能做的，她的职位在上帝眼中比坐在宝座上的君王更尊贵；因为她是在处理品格的事，她是在塑造人心。今日的母亲们是在创造将来的社会。应该如此养育她们的儿女，使他们能够抵挡将来的生活中会在各方面遇到的试探，这是多么重要的事啊！{CTBH 68.4}[26]
§54
They are the younger members of the Lords family. Take this son, this daughter, he says, nurse them for me, and fit them up that they may be polished after the similitude of a palace, that they may shine in the courts of the Lord. Precious work! important work! Yet we see mothers sighing for a wider field of labor, for some missionary work to do. If they could only go to Africa or India, they would feel that they were doing something. But to take up the little daily duties of life, and carry them forward faithfully, perseveringly, seems to them an unimportant thing. Why is this? Is it not often because the mothers work is so rarely appreciated? She has a thousand cares and burdens of which the father seldom has any knowledge. Too often he returns home bringing with him his cares and business perplexities to overshadow the family, and if he does not find everything just to his mind at home, he gives expression to his feelings in impatience and fault-finding. He can boast of what he has achieved through the day; but the mothers work, to his mind, amounts to little, or at least is undervalued. To him her cares appear trifling. She has only to cook the meals, look after the children, sometimes a large family of them, and keep the house in order. She has tried all day to keep the domestic machinery running smoothly. She has tried, though tired and perplexed, to speak kindly and cheerfully, and to instruct the children and keep them in the right path. All this has cost effort, and much patience on her part. She cannot, in her turn, boast of what she has done. It seems to her as though she has accomplished nothing. But it is not so. Though the results of her work are not apparent, angels of God are watching the careworn mother, noting the burdens she carries from day to day. Her name may never appear upon the records of history, or receive the honor and applause of the world, as may that of the husband and father; but it is immortalized in the book of God. She is doing what she can, and her position in Gods sight is more exalted than that of a king upon his throne; for she is dealing with character, she is fashioning minds. The mothers of the present day are making the society of the future. How important that their children be so brought up that they shall be able to resist the temptations they will meet on every side in later life! {CTBH 68.4}[26]
§55
作父亲的无论从事什么职业，无论多么为难，都要把笑脸和愉快的声音带到家中。他一整天都是这样跟来访的人和陌生人打招呼的。作妻子的要感到自己可以依靠丈夫的深情厚意——相信他的膀臂会在她一切的辛劳和挂虑中坚固她、支持她，他的影响会扶持她，她的重担就会减掉一半了。孩子们是她的，不也是他的吗？{CTBH 70.1}[27]
§56
Whatever may be his calling and its perplexities, let the father take into his home the same smiling countenance and pleasant tones with which he has all day greeted visitors and strangers. Let the wife feel that she can lean upon the large affections of her husband, -- that his arms will strengthen and uphold her through all her toils and cares, that his influence will sustain hers, and her burden will lose half its weight. Are the children not his as well as hers? {CTBH 70.1}[27]
§57
父亲要设法减轻母亲的任务。他要把愿意花在自私的安逸享乐上的时光，用来熟悉自己的孩子——与他们一起玩耍，一起做事。他要向他们指出美丽的花朵，参天的大树，他们可以从树上的叶子追溯上帝的爱与作为。他应该教导他们：造了这一切事物的上帝喜爱美好和良善的事。基督向祂的门徒指出野地里的百合花和空中的飞鸟，说明上帝多么关怀他们，并且提出这是祂必照顾人类的一个证据，人比飞鸟和花儿贵重多了。要告诉孩子们，我们无论浪费多少时间企图炫耀自己，我们的外表在优美上都决不能与野地最简单的花儿相比。这样，就可吸引他们的心思脱离人为转向自然。他们就可认识到，上帝已把这一切的美物赐给他们享受，祂希望他们把内心最佳美最圣洁的爱情献给祂。{CTBH 70.2}[28]
§58
Let the father seek to lighten the mothers task. In the time that he would devote to selfish enjoyment of leisure, let him seek to become acquainted with his children -- associate with them in their sports, in their work. Let him point them to the beautiful flowers, the lofty trees, in whose very leaves they can trace the work and love of God. He should teach them that the God who made all these things loves the beautiful and the good. Christ pointed his disciples to the lilies of the field and the birds of the air, showing how God cares for them, and presenting this as evidence that he will care for man, who is of higher consequence than birds or flowers. Tell the children that however much time may be wasted in attempts at display, our appearance can never compare, for grace and beauty, with that of the simplest flowers of the field. Thus their minds may be drawn from the artificial to the natural. They may learn that God has given them all these beautiful things to enjoy, and that he wants them to give him the hearts best and holiest affections. {CTBH 70.2}[28]
§59
父母应当设法唤醒儿女研究生理学的兴趣。青年需要受教了解自己的身体。年轻人中只有很少的人对生命的奥秘有一定的认识。研究奇妙的人体组织、其各个复杂部分的关系和相互依赖，乃是多数母亲不怎么感兴趣的事。她们不了解身体对心智的影响，也不了解心智对身体的影响。她们让不必要的琐事占用自己的光阴，然后辩称自己没空去获得适当照顾自己儿女的健康所需要的信息。把儿女委托给医生麻烦会少些。成千上万的孩童死于对自身生命律的无知。{CTBH 70.3}[29]
§60
Parents should seek to awaken in their children an interest in the study of physiology. Youth need to be instructed in regard to their own bodies. There are but few among the young who have any definite knowledge of the mysteries of life. The study of the wonderful human organism, the relation and dependence of all its complicated parts, is one in which most mothers take little if any interest. They do not understand the influence of the body upon the mind, or of the mind upon the body. They occupy themselves with needless trifles, and then plead that they have no time to obtain the information which they need in order to care properly for the health of their children. It is less trouble to trust them to the doctors. Thousands of children die through ignorance of the laws of their being. {CTBH 70.3}[29]
§61
如果父母都愿获得这方面的知识，并感觉到实际运用这种知识的重要性，情形就会好得多了。要教导你的孩子，从因果关系上进行推理。告诉他们，如果违反自身的生命律，就必受到痛苦的惩罚。如果他们的进步不像你所希望的那样快，你也不要灰心，仍要耐心地教导他们，直到取得胜利。要继续教导他们认识自己的身体，知道如何照顾自己的身体。不注意身体健康的人，也不会注意自己的道德。{CTBH 71.1}[30]
§62
If parents themselves would obtain knowledge upon this subject, and feel the importance of putting it to a practical use, we should see a better condition of things. Teach your children to reason from cause to effect. Show them that if they violate the laws of their being, they must pay the penalty by suffering. If you cannot see as rapid improvement as you desire, do not be discouraged, but instruct them patiently, and press on until victory is gained. Continue to teach them in regard to their own bodies, and how to take care of them. Recklessness in regard to bodily health tends to recklessness in morals. {CTBH 71.1}[30]
§63
不要忘记教导你的孩子如何烹调有益健康的食物。你给他们上了有关生理学和卫生食物的课，就是上了一些最有用课程中的头几课，并把宗教教育中所必须的原则，教授给他们。{CTBH 71.2}[31]
§64
Do not neglect to teach your children how to prepare healthful food. In giving them these lessons in physiology and in good cooking, you are giving them the first steps in some of the most useful branches of education, and inculcating principles which are needful elements in a religious education. {CTBH 71.2}[31]
§65
我在本文中所说的一切教训都是必需的。若是予以适当留意，就会象一道壁垒，保护我们的儿女免被泛滥世界的罪恶冲去。我们需要在餐桌上节制。我们需要欢迎上帝所赐阳光和天空纯洁空气的房屋。我们需要在家中有愉快幸福的影响力。我们必须在儿女身上培养有用的习惯，也必须在属上帝的事上教导他们。去做这一切是有代价的。要付上祈祷和眼泪，以及耐心的、再三重申的指导。我们有时绞尽脑汁要知道去做什么；然而我们可以把儿女在祷告中带到上帝面前，恳求主保守他们脱离罪恶，祈求说：“现在，主啊，请做祢的工作；软化和折服我们儿女的心，”祂就必听我们的祷告。祂倾听落泪的、疲倦母亲的祈祷。基督在地上时，曾有负重的母亲们把儿女带到祂面前；她们想，若是祂愿意按手在他们身上，她们就会更有勇气照着所应当的抚养他们。救主知道这些母亲为何带着自己的小孩来到祂面前，祂便责备要把他们赶走的门徒，说：“让小孩子到我这里来，不要禁止他们；因为在上帝国的，正是这样的人”（可10:14）。耶稣爱小孩，祂正注意要看父母们如何在做自己的工作。{CTBH 71.3}[32]
§66
All the lessons of which I have spoken in this article are needed. If properly heeded, they will be like a bulwark that will preserve our children from the evils which are flooding the world. We want temperance at our tables. We want houses where the God-given sunlight and the pure air of heaven are welcomed. We want a cheerful, happy influence in our homes. We must cultivate useful habits in our children, and must instruct them in the things of God. It costs something to do all this. It costs prayers and tears, and patient, oft-repeated instruction. We are sometimes put to our wits end to know what to do; but we can take the children to God in our prayers, pleading that they may be kept from evil, praying, Now, Lord, do thy work; soften and subdue the hearts of our children. And he will hear us. He hearkens to the prayers of the weeping, careworn mothers. When Christ was on earth, the burdened mothers brought their children to him; they thought that if he would lay his hands upon them, they would have better courage to bring them up as they ought to go. The Saviour knew why these mothers came to him with their little ones, and he rebuked the disciples, who would have kept them away, saying, Suffer the little children to come unto me, and forbid them not; for of such is the kingdom of God. [MARK 10:14.] Jesus loves the little ones, and he is watching to see how parents are doing their work. {CTBH 71.3}[32]
§67
罪恶到处泛滥，若要孩子们得救，就须付上诚恳恒切的努力。基督说过：“我……自己分别为圣，叫他们也……成圣”（约17:19）。祂希望祂的门徒们得以成圣，且使自己成了他们的榜样，以便他们跟随祂。父母们若是采取与此相同的立场，说：“我希望我的儿女有坚定的原则，我会在我的生活中给他们树立这样的榜样”，那么会怎么样呢？作母亲的不要以任何牺牲为太大，只要能使她的家人得救。要记得，耶稣舍了自己的性命，为的是拯救你和你的家人免遭灭亡。你必在这项蒙福的工作中得到祂的同情和帮助，且会成为与上帝同工的人。{CTBH 72.1}[33]
§68
Iniquity abounds on every hand, and if the children are saved, earnest, persevering effort must be put forth. Christ has said, I sanctify myself, that they also might be sanctified. [JOHN 17:19.] He wanted his disciples to be sanctified, and he made himself their example, that they might follow him. What if fathers and mothers should take this same position, saying, I want my children to have steadfast principles, and I will give them an example of this in my life? Let the mother think no sacrifice too great, if made for the salvation of her household. Remember, Jesus gave his life for the purpose of rescuing you and yours from ruin. You will have his sympathy and help in this blessed work, and will be a laborer together with God. {CTBH 72.1}[33]
§69
我们无论在其它什么工作上失败，也要在为我们儿女所做的工作上周到彻底。若是他们从家庭训练出来，纯洁而善良，若是他们在上帝为世界制定的美好大计中充任最小最低微的位置，我们一生的工作也决不会被称为失败。{CTBH 72.2}[34]
§70
In whatever else we may fail, let us be thorough in the work for our children. If they go forth from the home-training pure and virtuous, if they fill the least and lowest place in Gods great plan of good for the world, our life-work can never be called a failure. {CTBH 72.2}[34]