第04章 果酒
§1
第04章 果酒Chap. 4—Cider
§2
我们是生活在一个不节制的时代，为满足口腹之欲的人供应果酒乃是得罪上帝。你们和别人合作此种工作，乃是因为你们没有顺从亮光。你们若是站在光中，你们就不会、也不能这样做了。你们每一位参加这项工作的人，若不改弦更张，就必难逃上帝的谴责。你们必须诚恳为人，立刻开始那使自己心灵免被定罪的工作。……. 你们在采取坚决的立场，反对积极参加节制团体的工作之后，若是本着良心照着自己所承认的圣洁信仰而行，你们还是拥有导人向善之影响的。可是因你们既参加造果酒的业务，你们的影响力便大为削弱。而且最糟的，便是你们已使真理蒙受诽谤，你们自己的灵魂也受了损害。你们已在自己与节制事业之间，建起了隔膜障碍。你们的行为，使非信徒们质疑你们的原则。你们没有为自己的脚修直道路，以致瘸子在你们身上歪脚及绊跌而灭亡。{TSDF 14.7}[1]
§3
Testimonies for the Church 5:354-361
§4
We are living in an age of intemperance, and catering to the appetite of the cider-bibber is an offense against God. With others, you have engaged in this work because you have not followed the light. Had you stood in the light, you would not, you could not, have done this. Every one of you who has acted a part in this work will come under the condemnation of God, unless you make an entire change in your business. You need to be in earnest. You need to commence the work at once to clear your souls from condemnation.... After you had taken a decided stand in opposition to active participation in the work of the temperance societies, you might still have retained an influence over others for good, had you acted conscientiously in accordance with the holy faith which you profess, but by engaging in the manufacture of cider, you have hurt your influence very much; and what is worse, you have brought reproach upon the truth, and your own souls have been injured. You have been building up a barrier between yourselves and the temperance cause. Your course led unbelievers to question your principles. You are not making straight paths for your feet; and the lame are halting and stumbling over you to perdition.?{TSDF 14.7}[1]
§5
我看不出在上帝律法的亮光之中，基督徒能心安理得地从事种植啤酒花，酿制葡萄酒或果酒供应市场的工作。这些东西可予以善用，成为福气，也可滥用，成为试探及祸害。果汁和葡萄汁，若在新鲜时装罐，便可长期保持甜美。若是用时没有发酵，就不会危害人的理性。但那些把苹果制作成果酒上市的人并不十分留意所用水果的状况。在许多情况下，烂苹果的汁也被榨了出来。那些不会想把烂苹果的毒素吃进身体里的人，却会喝由烂苹果制成的苹果汁，并称之为奢侈品。但是显微镜所披露的事实是，这种美味的饮料往往不适于人的肠胃，即使是新榨出来的。如果把它煮熟，并且小心去掉杂质，危害就少一些。{TSDF 14.8}[2]
§6
I can not see how, in the light of the law of God, Christians can conscientiously engage in the raising of hops or in the manufacture of wine or cider for the market. All these articles may be put to a good use, and prove a blessing; or they may be put to a wrong use, and prove a temptation and a curse. Cider and wine may be canned when fresh, and kept sweet a long time; and if used in an unfermented state, they will not dethrone reason. But those who manufacture apples into cider for the market are not careful as to the condition of the fruit used, and in many cases the juice of decayed apples is expressed. Those who would not think of using the poisonous rotten apples in any other way, will drink the cider made from them, and call it a luxury; but the microscope would reveal the fact that this pleasant beverage is often unfit for the human stomach, even when fresh from the press.?If it is boiled and care is taken to remove the impurities, it is less objectionable.?{TSDF 14.8}[2]
§7
我常听人说：“哦！这只是甜苹果汁；它是完全无害的，甚至是有益健康的。”于是几夸脱，或许几加仑的苹果汁就被带到家里了。几天之内它是甜的；然后就开始发酵了。那强烈的香味使它更合许多人的口味，而那贪爱甜酒或苹果酒的人就不愿承认自己所喜爱的饮料已经变烈发酸了。人们饮用葡萄酒及果酒，也可能真的醉了，犹如饮了烈酒一样。那最可怕的酩酊大醉，便是这些所谓的淡酒造成的。它使人的情欲更加乖张，品格起更大的变化，更坚梗而固执。几夸脱的果酒或葡萄酒，会激起人要求更强性烈酒的口味。在许多的情形下，那些变成酒鬼的人，就是这样打下了饮酒恶习的基础。对于某些人来说，在家里藏有葡萄酒或果酒，真是一点也不保险的。他们有遗传而来的要求刺激品的胃口，撒但便一直催请他们纵情畅饮。他们若屈服于他的试探，就不知何为止境；胃口就会要求放纵无度，并且以毁灭他们为满足。大脑被麻木而蒙蔽了；理性不再当权，而他们便受制于私欲。充满了纵欲、淫乱，几乎各种形式的邪恶都被行了出来，这便是放纵口腹之欲，饮葡萄酒或果酒所造成的恶果。一个自称信仰宗教的人，若是贪爱这些刺激并且使自己惯于饮用，是不可能在恩典中长进的。他变得粗俗下流肉欲属世了；兽性情欲控制了心智的高级能力，美德就不为人所珍爱了。{TSDF 15.1}[3]
§8
I have often heard people say, “Oh! this is only sweet cider; it is perfectly harmless, and even healthful.” Several quarts, perhaps gallons, are carried home. For a few days it is sweet; then fermentation begins. The sharp flavor makes it all the more acceptable to many palates, and the lover of sweet wine or cider is loth to admit that his favorite beverage ever becomes hard and sour. Persons may become just as really intoxicated on wine and cider as on stronger drinks, and the worst kind of inebriation is produced by these so-called milder drinks. The passions are more perverse; the transformation of character is greater, more determined and obstinate. A few quarts of cider or wine may awaken a taste for stronger drinks, and in many cases those who have become confirmed drunkards have thus laid the foundation of the drinking habit. For some persons it is by no means safe to have wine or cider in the house. They have inherited an appetite for stimulants, which Satan is continually soliciting them to indulge. If they yield to his temptations, they do not stop; appetite clamors for indulgence, and is gratified to their ruin. The brain is benumbed and clouded; reason no longer holds the reins, but they are laid on the neck of lust. Licentiousness, adultery, and vices of almost every type, are committed as the result of indulging the appetite for wine and cider. A professor of religion who loves these stimulants, and accustoms himself to their use, never grows in grace. He becomes gross and sensual; the animal passions control the higher powers of the mind, and virtue is not cherished.?{TSDF 15.1}[3]
§9
少量饮酒乃是一所学校，人们在其中接受酒鬼生涯的教育。撒但这样渐渐地引人离开了节制的堡垒，葡萄酒和果酒也是这样悄悄地在人的胃口上发挥作用，使人在完全不知不觉之中走上了前往醉乡的大道。贪爱刺激品的胃口养成了，神经系统紊乱了；撒但使人的头脑常处于发烧的不安状态中。那可怜的受害者还以为自己十分安全，一步一步地，终至于打破了每一道防栅，牺牲了每一条原则。那最坚强的决心被破坏了，对永恒的关心也不够强烈，不足以把堕落的食欲保持在理性的控制之下了。{TSDF 15.2}[4]
§10
Moderate drinking is the school in which men are receiving an education for the drunkard’s career. So gradually does Satan lead away from the strongholds of temperance, so insidiously do the harmless wine and cider exert their influence upon the taste, that the highway to drunkenness is entered upon all unsuspectingly. The taste for stimulants is cultivated; the nervous system is disordered; Satan keeps the mind in a fever of unrest and the poor victim, imagining himself perfectly secure, goes on and on, until every barrier is broken down, every principle sacrificed. The strongest resolutions are undermined; and eternal interests are not strong enough to keep the debased appetite under the control of reason.?{TSDF 15.2}[4]
§11
有些人没有真正喝醉过，但却常受果酒或发酵葡萄酒的影响。他们头脑发热，思想也不稳定，虽然没有真正的发狂，却是完全处于恶劣的状态中；因为一切高尚的心智能力都已偏差败坏了。人若惯用发酸的果酒，结果便会发生各种疾病、浮肿、肝病、神经发颤和脑充血。许多人因此患上了终身难以治愈的疾病。有些人死于结核病，或单因饮酒而中风。还有一些人则受消化不良胃弱之苦。每一重要器官都运作不良。医生说他们患了肝病。其实，他们若砸掉果酒桶，永不再喝，他们已滥用了的生命力，还是会恢复其活力的。{TSDF 15.3}[5]
§12
Some are never really drunk, but are always under the influence of cider or fermented wine. They are feverish, unbalanced in mind, not really delirious, but in fully as bad a condition; for all the noble powers of the mind are perverted. A tendency to disease of various kinds, as dropsy, liver complaint, trembling nerves, and a determination of blood to the head, results from the habitual use of sour cider. By its use many bring upon themselves permanent disease. Some die of consumption or fall under the power of apoplexy from this cause alone. Some suffer from dyspepsia. Every vital function is deadened and the physicians tell them that they have liver complaint, when if they would break open the cider barrel, and never replace it, their abused life-forces would recover their vigor.?{TSDF 15.3}[5]
§13
果酒的饮用，会导致人去喝更烈性的饮料。胃失去了天然的活力，便需要某种更强烈的东西来激动其工作。……我们看到对烈酒的强烈欲望已控制了人。我们见过多少各行各业身负重任的人，身居高位、才干出众、功成名就、感情优美、神经强壮，理性能力很强，竟为放纵口腹之欲而牺牲一切，直至堕落到禽兽的地步。许多人的堕落是从饮用葡萄酒或果酒开始的。{TSDF 15.4}[6]
§14
Cider drinking leads to the use of stronger drinks. The stomach loses its natural vigor, and something stronger is needed to arouse it to action We see the power that appetite for strong drink has over men; we see how many of all professions and of heavy responsibilities, men of exalted station, of eminent talents, of great attainments, of fine feeling, of strong nerves, and of good reasoning powers, sacrifice everything for the indulgence of appetite, until they are reduced to the level of the brutes; and in very many cases their downward course commenced with the use of wine or cider.?{TSDF 15.4}[6]
§15
有些自命为基督徒的聪明男女，声称制造葡萄酒或果酒来供应市场是无害的，因为未经发酵，所以不能令人致醉。我听了心中感到悲哀。我知道这问题有他们不愿正视的另一方面；但自私自利已使他们盲目，对于采用这些刺激品可能导致的可怕祸害，竟视若无睹。……我们这班人自称为健康改良者，世界的擎光者，上帝的忠实哨兵，防守撒但用试探来败坏我们食欲的每一通道。因此，我们的榜样及影响应成为健康改良的力量。凡足以麻痹良心和助长试探的各种行为，都必须禁止。我们不可开启门户，让撒但进入赋有上帝形像之人的心中。如果大家都能儆醒严防那由饮所谓无害之淡酒而开的小裂口，通往醉乡的道路就会封闭了。在每一场合中，我们需要有坚定的意志，决心不摸，不尝，不拿；这样，节制的改良就会强固，持久和彻底了。……{TSDF 15.5}[7]
§16
When intelligent men and women who are professedly Christians, plead that there is no harm in making wine or cider for the market, because when unfermented it will not intoxicate, I feel sad at heart. I know there is another side to this subject that they refuse to look upon; for selfishness has closed their eyes to the terrible evils that may result from the use of these stimulants.... As a people, we profess to be reformers, to be light-bearers in the world, to be faithful sentinels for God, guarding every avenue whereby Satan could come in with his temptations to pervert the appetite. Our example and influence must be a power on the side of reform. We must abstain from any practice which will blunt the conscience or encourage temptation. We must open no door that will give Satan access to the mind of one human being formed in the image of God. If all would be vigilant and faithful in guarding the little opening made by the moderate use of the so-called harmless wine and cider, the highway to drunkenness would be closed up. What is needed in every community is firm purpose, and a will to touch not, taste not, handle not; then the temperance reformation will be strong, permanent, and thorough....?{TSDF 15.5}[7]
§17
世界的救赎主十分清楚末后日子的社会状况，祂把又吃又喝描绘为给这个时代所定的罪恶。祂告诉我们，挪亚的日子如何，人子显现的日子也要如何。“那时候的人又吃又喝，又娶又嫁，到挪亚进方舟的那日，洪水就来，把他们全都灭了”（路17:27）。末后的日子会存在这种事态。相信这些警告的人必极其谨慎，不采取使他们被定罪的行动。{TSDF 15.6}[8]
§18
The world’s Redeemer, who knows well the state of society in the last days, represents eating and drinking as the sins that condemn this age. He tells us that as it was in the days of Noah, so shall it be when the Son of Man is revealed. “They were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noah entered into the ark, and knew not until the flood came, and took them all away.” Just such a state of things will exist in the last days, and those who believe these warnings will use the utmost caution not to take a course that will bring them under condemnation.?{TSDF 15.6}[8]
§19
弟兄们哪，但愿我们根据圣经的亮光来观察此事，并在凡事节制上发挥坚定的影响力。苹果和葡萄都是上帝的礼物，可作为最佳的健康食品，但也可被人误用，将之糟蹋浪费。由于人类的罪习恶行，上帝现已使葡萄及苹果的收成不佳。我们应在世人之前作健康改良者，无论何时都不可让不信的人来诽谤我们的信仰。基督说：“你们是世上的盐，”“世上的光。”但愿我们显明自己的思想与良心都处在上帝恩典改变人心的大能之下，自己的生活是受上帝律法纯洁原则的管束，即使是这些原则可能要我们牺牲今生暂时的利益，也在所不惜。（5T 359-361）{TSDF 16.1}[9]
§20
Brethren, let us look at this matter in the light of the Scriptures, and exert a decided influence on the side of temperance in all things. Apples and grapes are God’s gifts; they may be put to excellent use as healthful articles of food, or they may be abused by being put to a wrong use. Already God is blighting the grape vine and the apple crop because of men’s sinful practices. We stand before the world as reformers; let us give no occasion for infidels or unbelievers to reproach our faith. Said Christ, “Ye are the salt of the earth.” “The light of the world.” Let us show that our hearts and consciences are under the transforming influence of divine grace, and that our lives are governed by the pure principles of the law of God, even though these principles may require the sacrifice of temporal interests.?{TSDF 16.1}[9]
§21
不要让遗传了不自然刺激品嗜好的人看见或接触葡萄酒、啤酒或苹果酒；因为这会让试探常摆在他们面前。许多人以为甜果汁是无害的，就毫无顾忌地放心购买。然而果汁的甜味保持不了多久就会发酵。发酵后的辛辣味，反而使许多人更加喜欢。喝的人不愿承认果汁已经变味发酵。{TSDF 16.2}[10]
§22
The Ministry of Healing, 331-333
§23
Persons who have inherited an appetite for unnatural stimulants should by no means have wine, beer or cider in their sight, or within their reach; for this keeps the temptation constantly before them. Regarding sweet cider as harmless, many have no scruples in purchasing it freely. But it remains sweet for a short time only; then fermentation begins. The sharp taste which it then acquires makes it all the more acceptable to many palates, and the user is loath to admit that it has become hard, or fermented.?{TSDF 16.2}[10]
§24
喝一般所生产的甜果汁对健康有害。人若是能从显微镜下观察他们所买的果子汁，恐怕没有几个人要喝了。那些制作苹果汁上市的人并没有十分注意所用苹果的状况。在许多情况下，有虫的和烂苹果的汁也榨了出来。那些不想摄入烂苹果毒素的人，却会喝烂苹果制成的苹果汁，并称之为高档饮品。但是显微镜会显明这种美味的饮料往往不适于进入人的肠胃，即使是新榨出来的。{TSDF 16.3}[11]
§25
There is danger to health in the use of even sweet cider as ordinarily produced. If people could see what the microscope reveals in regard to the cider they buy, few would be willing to drink it. Often those who manufacture cider for the market are not careful as to the condition of the fruit used, and the juice of wormy and decayed apples is expressed. Those who would not think of using the poisonous, rotten apples in any other way, will drink the cider made from them, and call it a luxury; but the microscope shows that even when fresh from the press, this pleasant beverage is wholly unfit for use.?{TSDF 16.3}[11]
§26
葡萄酒、啤酒、苹果酒和烈酒一样能醉人。这些饮料会激起对更烈性饮料的欲望；饮酒的嗜好就这样形成了。淡酒是训练酒徒生涯的学校。不过这些淡酒的作用十分隐晦；一般人还没有觉察其害处时，就走上了醉酒的道路。{MH 331，332} {TSDF 16.4}[12]
§27
Intoxication is just as really produced by wine, beer, and cider, as by stronger drinks. The use of these drinks awakens the taste for those that are stronger, and thus the liquor habit is established. Moderate drinking is the school in which men are educated for the drunkard’s career. Yet so insidious is the work of these milder stimulants that the highway to drunkenness is entered before the victim suspects his danger.?{TSDF 16.4}[12]