第23章 手工训练
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第23章 手工训练
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Chap. 23—Manual Training
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605. 如果我们所有的工人都能每天安排数小时进行毫无拘束的户外劳动，这对于他们来说就是一种福气，使他们能更成功地履行职责。--G. W., p. 173. {HL 136.1}[1]
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605. If all our workers were so situated that they could spend a few hours each day in outdoor labor, and feel free to do this, it would be a blessing to them; they would be able to discharge more successfully the duties of their calling.—Gospel Workers, 173.?{HL 136.1}[1]
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606. 体力活对青年来说是必要的。……正确地运用身心会开发和加强全部能力。身心都会得到保护，且会有能力做多种工作。传道人和教师需要学习这些事，也需要实践这些事。--Sp. Inst. on Ed. Work, p. 14. {HL 136.2}[2]
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606. Manual occupation for the youth is essential.... The proper exercise of mind and body will develop and strengthen all the powers. Both mind and body will be preserved, and will be capable of doing a variety of work. Ministers and teachers need to learn in regard to these things, and they need to practise as well.—Special Instruction on Educational Work 14.?{HL 136.2}[2]
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607. 这个国家的人很少赏识勤劳习惯的重要性，以致孩子们没有受教去做真实热心的工作。这必须成为青年教育的一部分。……我们需要学校教育儿童和青年成为劳动的主人，而不是劳动的奴隶。无知和懒惰不会提拔人类家庭的任何一个成员。要让工人看到，藉着使用上帝作为一项天资赐给他的才能，他在最卑微的职业中可以得到什么益处。这样，他就可以成为一名教师，教导他人聪明作工的技术。……上帝需要你身体的力量。你可以正确地运用自己的体力，来表达你对上帝的爱，完成所需要的工作。……在最卑微的工作中也有科学。如果大家都这样看，他们必视劳动为高贵的。……唯愿受过教育的才干能用来改进工作方法，这也正是上帝所希望的。在任何必需完成的工作中都有尊荣。要以上帝的律法为行动的准则。它能使一切工作变得高尚和神圣。……在为上帝的任何服务上都不可敷衍了事。上帝给我们的任何东西，都应聪明地为祂而用。凡是运用自己才能的人，肯定会得到加强。但他必须尽己所能。在农业和建筑以及其他任何部门，都需要以智力和受过教育的才能来设计出最好的方法，使工人不致徒然劳动。--Sp. Inst. on Ed. Work, p. 5. {HL 136.3}[3]
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607. The people of this country have so little appreciation of the importance of industrious habits that the children are not educated to do real, earnest work. This must be a part of the education given to the youth.... We need schools to educate children and youth that they may be?masters?of labor, and not?slaves?of labor. Ignorance and idleness will not elevate one member of the human family. Ignorance will not lighten the lot of the hard toiler. Let the worker see what advantage he may gain in the humblest occupation, by using the ability God has given him as an endowment. Thus he can?become an educator, teaching others the art of doing work intelligently.... The Lord wants the physical strength; and you can reveal your love for him by the right use of your physical powers, doing the very work which needs to be done.... There is science in the humblest kind of work, and if all would thus regard it, they would see nobility in labor.... Let the educated ability be employed in devising improved methods of work. This is just what the Lord wants. There is honor in any class of work that is essential to be done. Let the law of God be made the standard of action, and it ennobles and sanctifies all labor.... We are not to be dwarfed in any kind of service for God. Whatever he has lent us is to be used intelligently for him. The man who exercises his faculties will surely strengthen them; but he must seek to do his best. There is need of intelligence and educated ability to devise the best methods in farming, in building, and in every other department, that the worker may not labor in vain.—Special Instruction on Educational Work 5.?{HL 136.3}[3]
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608. 你的钱财最好用来为你的儿子们提供一个备有工具的工作间，并为你的女儿们提供同等的设施。可以教导他们喜爱劳动。-- H. R.1873.1.1 {HL 137.1}[4]
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608. Your means could not be used to better advantage than in providing a workshop furnished with tools for your boys, and equal facilities for your girls. They can be taught to love labor.—The Health Reformer, January 1, 1873.?{HL 137.1}[4]
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609. 农业会开启自养之源，也可以学习其它各种行业。这种真实认真的工作既需要体力也需要智力。成功地种植水果和蔬菜甚至需要方法和机智。而勤劳的习惯会成为青年抗拒试探的重要帮助。这里开放了一个园地，让他们发泄受压抑的精力，这些精力若不用在有益的工作上，就会不断给他们自己和老师带来麻烦。可以设计适合不同人员的多种工作。但土地工作将是工人的一个特别福气。……这种知识不会阻碍人在业务上或任何有用的行业接受必要的教育。开发土地的能力需要思想和智能。--Sp. Inst. on Ed. Work, p. 15. {HL 137.2}[5]
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609. Agriculture will open resources for self-support, and various other trades also could be learned. This real, earnest work calls for a strength of intellect as well as of muscle. Method and tact are required even to raise fruits and vegetables successfully. And habits of industry will be found an?important aid to the youth in resisting temptation. Here is opened a field to give vent to their pent-up energies, that, if not expended in useful employment, will be a continual source of trial to themselves and to their teachers. Many kinds of labor adapted to different persons may be devised. But the working of the land will be a special blessing to the worker.... This knowledge will not be a hindrance to the education essential for business or for usefulness in any line. To develop the capacity of the soil requires thought and intelligence.—Special Instruction on Educational Work 15.?{HL 137.2}[5]
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610. 农业应当因科学知识而进步。--S. of T., 1896, No. 32. {HL 138.1}[6]
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610. Agriculture should be advanced by scientific knowledge.—The Signs of the Times, August 13, 1896.?{HL 138.1}[6]
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611. 被送到学校准备成为福音布道士、传道人和国外传道士的学生，竟然接受了“娱乐对保持身体健康来说是必不可少”的说法，其实主已在他们面前摆明：更好的方式乃是在他们的教育中用手工代替娱乐。……在伐树、耕田、盖房方面的教育，与文化方面的教育一样，是我们的每一个青少年都应该寻求获得的。我们的学校应该有印刷机。也应掌握织帐棚的技术。应该盖起房子来，应该学会石工技术。{HL 138.2}[7]
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611. Students sent to school to prepare to become evangelists, ministers, and missionaries to foreign countries, have received the idea that amusements are essential to keep them in physical health, when the Lord has presented it before them that the better way is to embrace in their education manual labor in place of amusement.... The education to be obtained in felling trees, tilling the soil, as well as in literature, is the education our youth should seek to obtain. Farther on printing-presses should be connected with our schools. Tent making also should be taken hold of. Buildings should be erected, and masonry should be learned.?{HL 138.2}[7]
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还有许多事情是女学生可以做的，如烹饪、缝纫和园艺。应该种植草莓，培养花木。 {HL 138.3}[8]
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There are also many things which the lady students may engage in. There is cooking, dressmaking, and gardening to be done. Strawberries should be planted, and plants and flowers cultivated.?{HL 138.3}[8]
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装订的技术以及多种行业技术都应予以培训。这些手艺不仅会锻炼学生的头脑、骨骼和肌肉，还会使他们获得知识。我们学校最大的祸根就是闲懒。它导致不必要的娱乐活动，仅仅为取悦和满足自我。学生们过多地以这种方式消磨他们的时光。他们没有预备好，带着全面的教育走出校门。 {HL 138.4}[9]
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Bookbinding also and a variety of trades should?be taken up. Thus the student will be putting into exercise bone, brain, and muscle, and will also be gaining knowledge. The greatest curse of our schools is idleness. It leads to amusements merely to please and gratify self. The students have had a superabundance of this way of passing their time. They are not prepared to go forth from the school with an all-round education.?{HL 138.4}[9]
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适当地烹饪食物是一种必不可少的造诣。必须预备一些东西取代肉食，而且食物必须做得很好吃，以致人不想吃肉。关于实际生活各要点方面的培训必使我们的青少年离开学校到外国去之后成为有用之材。那时他们就不会依靠所去国家的人为他们做饭、缝衣、盖居所。他们若是显出他们能教育无知的人如何以最佳的方法作工并产生最佳的结果，就必有更多的影响力。在难以挣到钱的地方，这尤其会受到赏识。他们会显明传道士能成为教育家，教导他们如何作工。维持这样的传道士需要的资金要少得多。他们无论何往，在这方面所得的造诣必使他们有立身之地。{HL 139.1}[10]
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The proper cooking of food is a most essential requirement. Something must be prepared to take the place of meat, and so well prepared that meat will not be desired. Culture on all points of life will make the youth useful after they shall leave the school to go to foreign countries. They will not then have to depend upon the people to whom they go to cook and sew for them, or to build their habitations; and they will have much more influence if they show that they know how to do work by the best methods and to produce the best results. This will be appreciated where means are difficult to obtain. Missionaries can thus teach others how to labor. A much smaller fund will be required to sustain such missionaries, and wherever they may go, all that they have gained in this line will give them standing.?{HL 139.1}[10]
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同样必要的是，要明白医疗布道工作的基本原理。学生们无论何往，都要受教知道治疗病人的方法技巧。这会使他们在任何地方都成为受欢迎的人，因为在世界各地都有人在受各样的痛苦。真教育的意义是很丰富的。--U. T., 1896.12.20 {HL 139.2}[11]
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It is also essential to understand the philosophy of medical missionary work. Wherever the students may go, they need education in the science of how to treat the sick. This will give them a welcome in any place, because there is suffering of every kind in every part of the world. Education, true education, means much.—Unpublished Testimonies, December 20, 1896.?{HL 139.2}[11]