第12章 救济失业和无家的人
§1
第12章 救济失业和无家的人
§2
Chap. 12 - Help for the Unemployed and the Homeless
§3
善良慷慨的人热心关怀穷人的状况，要设法救济他们。帮助失业和无家可归的人，使他们同享上帝赐给人类的福气，过祂所希望人过的生活，这正是许多人热诚努力要解决的问题。但是能理解社会现状原因之人，即使在教育家和政治家中，也不多见。执政的人无法解决贫困和罪恶增多的问题。他们竭力想在更加稳固的基础上进行商业运作，却是枉然。{MH 183.1}
§4
There are largehearted men and women who are anxiously considering the condition of the poor and what means can be found for their relief. How the unemployed and the homeless can be helped to secure the common blessings of Gods providence and to live the life He intended man to live, is a question to which many are earnestly endeavoring to find an answer. But there are not many, even among educators and statesmen, who comprehend the causes that underlie the present state of society. Those who hold the reins of government are unable to solve the problem of poverty, pauperism, and increasing crime. They are struggling in vain to place business operations on a more secure basis. {MH 183.1}[1]
§5
要是人多注意圣经的教训，他们就能找到解决这些难题的办法。在《旧约》中，可以学到许多关于劳工问题和救济穷人的教训。{MH 183.2}
§6
If men would give more heed to the teaching of Gods word, they would find a solution of these problems that perplex them. Much might be learned from the Old Testament in regard to the labor question and the relief of the poor. {MH 183.2}[2]
§7
上帝对于以色列人的计划按照上帝为以色列人所制定的计划，每一家除了住宅之外，还要有充足的耕田。这样，他们就有条件和理由过有用、勤劳、自食其力的生活。世人无法改善这个计划。今日的贫穷和困苦，在很大的程度上，是因为世人离开了这个计划。{MH 183.3}
§8
【Gods Plan for Israel】
§9
In Gods plan for Israel every family had a home on the land, with sufficient ground for tilling. Thus were provided both the means and the incentive for a useful, industrious, and self-supporting life. And no devising of men has ever improved upon that plan. To the worlds departure from it is owing, to a large degree, the poverty and wretchedness that exist today. {MH 183.3}[3]
§10
以色列人在定居迦南之时进行全民族的土地分配。只有利未支派要在圣所里供职，就没有得到土地的均分。其他支派则按户记名，照着每户人口的数目，分得产业。{MH 184.1}
§11
At the settlement of Israel in Canaan, the land was divided among the whole people, the Levites only, as ministers of the sanctuary, being excepted from the equal distribution. The tribes were numbered by families, and to each family, according to its numbers, was apportioned an inheritance. {MH 184.1}[4]
§12
虽然有人可能暂时出售土地，但他不能将子女的产业永久卖掉。一旦有钱，他就可以赎回。而且每过七年，一切债务都要豁免，到五十年，所有押卖的地产，都要归还本家。{MH 184.2}
§13
And although one might for a time dispose of his possession, he could not permanently barter away the inheritance of his children. When able to redeem his land, he was at liberty at any time to do so. Debts were remitted every seventh year, and in the fiftieth, or year of jubilee, all landed property reverted to the original owner. {MH 184.2}[5]
§14
耶和华吩咐说：“地不可永卖；因为地是我的，你们在我面前是客旅、是寄居的。在你们所得为业的全地，也要准人将地赎回。你的弟兄，若渐渐穷乏，卖了几分地业，他至近的亲属，就要来把弟兄所卖的赎回。若没有能给他赎回的，他自己渐渐富足，能够赎回，……自己便归回自己的地业。倘若不能为自己得回所卖的，仍要存在买主的手里，直到禧年”（利25:23-28）。{MH 184.3}
§15
The land shall not be sold forever, was the Lords direction; for the land is Mine; for ye are strangers and sojourners with Me. And in all the land of your possession ye shall grant a redemption for the land. If thy brother be waxen poor, and hath sold away some of his possession, and if any of his kin come to redeem it, then shall he redeem that which his brother sold. And if the man . . . himself be able to redeem it; . . . he may return unto his possession. But if he be not able to restore it to him, then that which is sold shall remain in the hand of him that hath bought it until the year of jubilee. Leviticus 25:23-28. {MH 184.3}[6]
§16
“第五十年你们要当作圣年，在遍地给一切的居民宣告自由，这年必为你们的禧年，各人要归自己的产业，各归本家。”（利25:10）{MH 185.1}
§17
Ye shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof: it shall be a jubilee unto you; and ye shall return every man unto his possession, and ye shall return every man unto his family. Verse 10. {MH 185.1}[7]
§18
就这样，每一家的产业都有了保障，不致有贫富极端之虞。{MH 185.2}
§19
Thus every family was secured in its possession, and a safeguard was afforded against the extremes of either wealth or want. {MH 185.2}[8]
§20
职业训练在以色列，职业训练被视为一种本分。每一个父亲都必须教导儿子一门实用的技术。以色列最伟大的人物也受过职业的训练。每一个妇女都要有料理家务的知识。精通这方面的责任，被视为最高地位的妇女所拥有的荣誉。{MH 185.3}
§21
【Industrial Training】
§22
In Israel, industrial training was regarded as a duty. Every father was required to teach his sons some useful trade. The greatest men in Israel were trained to industrial pursuits. A knowledge of the duties pertaining to housewifery was considered essential for every woman. And skill in these duties was regarded as an honor to women of the highest station. {MH 185.3}[9]
§23
先知学校中也教授各种手艺。许多学生都是靠手艺自养的。{MH 186.1}
§24
Various industries were taught in the schools of the prophets, and many of the students sustained themselves by manual labor. {MH 186.1}[10]
§25
关照穷人但上述的安排并不能全然消除贫困。上帝的旨意也不是完全没有贫穷。这是祂造就品格的一种方法。祂说：“原来那地上的穷人永不断绝，所以我吩咐你说：‘总要向你地上困苦穷乏的弟兄松开手”（申15:11）。{MH 186.2}
§26
【Consideration for the Poor】
§27
These arrangements did not, however, wholly do away with poverty. It was not Gods purpose that poverty should wholly cease. It is one of His means for the development of character. The poor, He says, shall never cease out of the land: therefore I command thee, saying, Thou shalt open thine hand wide unto thy brother, to thy poor, and to thy needy, in thy land. Deuteronomy 15:11. {MH 186.2}[11]
§28
“在耶和华你上帝所赐你的地上，无论哪一座城里，你弟兄中若有一个穷人，你不可忍着心，攥着手，不帮补你穷乏的弟兄；总要向他松开手，照他所缺乏的借给他，补他的不足’”（申15:7,8）。{MH 186.3}
§29
If there be among you a poor man of one of thy brethren within any of thy gates in thy land which the Lord thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not harden thine heart, nor shut thine hand from thy poor brother. But thou shalt open thine hand wide unto him, and shalt surely lend him sufficient for his need, in that which he wanteth. Verses 7, 8. {MH 186.3}[12]
§30
“你的弟兄在你那里若渐渐贫穷，手中缺乏，你就要帮补他，使他与你同住，像外人和寄居的一样”（利25:35）。{MH 186.4}
§31
If thy brother be waxen poor, and fallen in decay with thee; then thou shalt relieve him: yea, though he be a stranger, or a sojourner; that he may live with thee. Leviticus 25:35. {MH 186.4}[13]
§32
“在你们的地收割庄稼，不可割尽田角，也不可拾取所遗落的”（利19:9）。“你在田间收割庄稼，若忘下一捆，不可回去再取，要留给寄居的与孤儿寡妇。……你打橄榄树，枝上剩下的不可再打，……你摘葡萄园的葡萄，所剩下的不可再摘，要留给寄居的，与孤儿寡妇”（申24:19-21）。{MH 186.5}
§33
When ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not wholly reap the corners of thy field. When thou cuttest down thine harvest in thy field, and hast forgot a sheaf in the field, thou shalt not go again to fetch it. . . . When thou beatest thine olive tree, thou shalt not go over the boughs again. . . . When thou gatherest the grapes of thy vineyard, thou shalt not glean it afterward: it shall be for the stranger, for the fatherless, and for the widow. Leviticus 19:9; Deuteronomy 24:19-21. {MH 186.5}[14]
§34
谁也不必担心慷慨会使人贫穷。顺从上帝命令的人必得富足。上帝说：“耶和华你的上帝必在你这一切所行的，并你手里所办的事上，赐福与你。”“你必借给许多国民，却不至向他们借贷；你必管辖许多国民，他们却不能管辖你”（申15:10,6）。{MH 187.1}
§35
None need fear that their liberality would bring them to want. Obedience to Gods commandments would surely result in prosperity. For this thing, God said, the Lord thy God shall bless thee in all thy works, and in all that thou puttest thine hand unto. Thou shalt lend unto many nations, but thou shalt not borrow; and thou shalt reign over many nations, but they shall not reign over thee. Deuteronomy 15:10, 6. {MH 187.1}[15]
§36
经营的原则上帝的话不认可藉着欺压一等人而使另一等人致富的策略。圣经教训我们在一切业务经营上要设身处地地为别人着想，不仅只为自己考虑，也要为别人考虑。乘人之危，损人利己的行为与圣经的原则和戒律是背道而驰的。{MH 187.2}
§37
【Business Principles】
§38
Gods word sanctions no policy that will enrich one class by the oppression and suffering of another. In all our business transactions it teaches us to put ourselves in the place of those with whom we are dealing, to look not only on our own things, but also on the things of others. He who would take advantage of anothers misfortunes in order to benefit himself, or who seeks to profit himself through anothers weakness or incompetence, is a transgressor both of the principles and of the precepts of the word of God. {MH 187.2}[16]
§39
“你不可向寄居的和孤儿屈枉正直，也不可拿寡妇的衣裳作当头”（申24:17）。“你借给邻舍，不拘是什么，不可进他家拿他的当头。要站在外面，等那向你借贷的人把当头拿出来交给你。他若是穷人，你不可留他的当头过夜”（申24:10-12）。“你即或拿邻舍的衣服作当头，必在日落以先归还他；因他只有这一件当盖头；……若是没有，他拿什么睡觉呢？他哀求我，我就应允，因为我是有恩惠的”（出22:26,27）。“你若卖什么给邻舍，或是从邻舍的手中买什么，彼此不可亏负”（利25:14。）{MH 187.3}
§40
Thou shalt not pervert the judgment of the stranger, nor of the fatherless; nor take a widows raiment to pledge. When thou dost lend thy brother anything, thou shalt not go into his house to fetch his pledge. Thou shalt stand abroad, and the man to whom thou dost lend shall bring out the pledge abroad unto thee. And if the man be poor, thou shalt not sleep with his pledge. If thou at all take thy neighbors raiment to pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him by that the sun goeth down: for that is his covering only: . . . wherein shall he sleep? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto Me, that I will hear; for I am gracious. If thou sell aught unto thy neighbor, or buyest aught of thy neighbors hand, ye shall not oppress one another Deuteronomy 24:17, 10-12; Exodus 22:26, 27; Leviticus 25:14. {MH 187.3}[17]
§41
“你们施行审判，不可行不义。在尺、秤、升、斗上也是如此”（利19:35）。“你囊中不可有一大一小两样的法码；你家里不可有一大一小两样的升斗”（申25:13,14）。“要用公道天平，公道法码，公道升斗，公道秤”（利19:36）。{MH 188.1}
§42
Ye shall do no unrighteousness in judgment, in measures of length, of weight, or of quantity. Thou shalt not have in thy bag diverse weights, a great and a small. Thou shalt not have in thy house diverse measures, a great and a small. Just balances, just weights, a just ephah, and a just hin, shall ye have. Leviticus 19:35, A.R.V.; Deuteronomy 25:13, 14, A.R.V.; Leviticus 19:36, A.R.V. {MH 188.1}[18]
§43
“有求你的，就给他；有向你借贷的，不可推辞”（太5:42）。“恶人借贷而不偿还；义人却恩待人，并且施舍”（诗37:21）。{MH 188.2}
§44
Give to him that asketh thee, and from him that would borrow of thee turn not thou away. The wicked borroweth, and payeth not again: but the righteous showeth mercy, and giveth. Matthew 5:42; Psalm 37:21. {MH 188.2}[19]
§45
“求你献谋略、行公平，使你的影子在午间如黑夜；隐藏被赶散的人，不可显露逃民。”“求你容我这被赶散的人和你同居。……脱离灭命者的面”（赛16:3,4）。{MH 188.3}
§46
Give counsel, execute justice; make thy shade as the night in the midst of the noonday; hide the outcasts; betray not the fugitive. Let Mine outcasts dwell with thee; . . . be thou a covert to them from the face of the spoiler. Isaiah 16:3 (A.R.V.), 4. {MH 188.3}[20]
§47
上帝为以色列人所制定的人生计划，原是要成为全人类的实际教训。如果今日实行了这些原则，这个世界将会多么地不同啊! {MH 188.4}
§48
The plan of life that God gave to Israel was intended as an object lesson for all mankind. If these principles were carried out today, what a different place this world would be! {MH 188.4}[21]
§49
穷困受苦的人在这大地上仍有可以容身的地方。地上的出产，足以供给他们的食物。只要人有坚强的意志、勇气和毅力，就能够去发掘地中的宝藏。{MH 188.5}
§50
Within the vast boundaries of nature there is still room for the suffering and needy to find a home. Within her bosom there are resources sufficient to provide them with food. Hidden in the depths of the earth are blessings for all who have courage and will and perseverance to gather her treasures. {MH 188.5}[22]
§51
耕作土地原是上帝在伊甸园中委派给人类的工作。这种工作足以使许多人得以生存。圣经说：“你当倚靠耶和华而行善，住在地上，以祂的信实为粮”（诗37:3）。{MH 189.1}
§52
The tilling of the soil, the employment that God appointed to man in Eden, opens a field in which there is opportunity for multitudes to gain a subsistence. Trust in the Lord, and do good; So shalt thou dwell in the land, and verily thou shalt be fed. Psalm 37:3. {MH 189.1}[23]
§53
成千上万拥挤在城市里设法赚取蝇头之利的人应该去耕田种地。许多人并不把这一点小钱用来买粮食，却投在酒贩的抽屉里，换取摧毁身心的毒物。{MH 189.2}
§54
Thousands and tens of thousands might be working upon the soil who are crowded into the cities, watching for a chance to earn a trifle. In many cases this trifle is not spent for bread, but is put into the till of the liquor seller, to obtain that which destroys soul and body. {MH 189.2}[24]
§55
许多人视劳动为苦事，不肯诚实出力，只想靠诡计来谋生活。这种不劳而获的愿望，打开了艰难、困苦、犯罪、作恶的大门，后患无穷。{MH 189.3}
§56
Many look upon labor as drudgery, and they try to obtain a livelihood by scheming rather than by honest toil. This desire to get a living without work opens the door to wretchedness and vice and crime almost without limit. {MH 189.3}[25]
§57
城中贫民区在大城市里，有许多人所受的待遇连牛马都不如。试想家家户户拥挤在又暗、又脏、又潮湿、又狭小的住宅甚至地下室里。他们的孩子生在这种地方，长在这种地方，也死在这种糟糕的地方。他们看不见上帝所创造令人心旷神怡的自然美景。他们在罪恶堕落的环境中过着衣衫褴褛、食不果腹的生活。他们的品格受罪恶环境的熏陶。孩子们所听到的，是对上帝圣名的亵渎，和肮脏堕落的污言秽语。烟酒的气味，恶心的臭味，以及道德的堕落，扭曲了他们的感官。许多危害社会的罪犯，就是这样造就的。社会又将他们抛弃在痛苦和堕落之中。{MH 189.4}
§58
【The City Slums】
§59
In the great cities are multitudes who receive less care and consideration than are given to dumb animals. Think of the families herded together in miserable tenements, many of them dark basements, reeking with dampness and filth. In these wretched places children are born and grow up and die. They see nothing of the beauty of natural things that God has created to delight the senses and uplift the soul. Ragged and half-starved, they live amid vice and depravity, molded in character by the wretchedness and sin that surround them. Children hear the name of God only in profanity. Foul speech, imprecations, and revilings fill their ears. The fumes of liquor and tobacco, sickening stenches, moral degradation, pervert their senses. Thus multitudes are trained to become criminals, foes to society that has abandoned them to misery and degradation. {MH 189.4}[26]
§60
住在城市贫民区的人，并不都是这样。敬畏上帝的人，往往中了专事欺诈同胞之徒的诡计，因疾病和不幸而陷入贫困的深渊。许多正直善良的人因缺乏职业的训练而贫穷潦倒。也有人因缺乏知识而无法与人生的困难作斗争。他们流落到都市中，往往找不到职业。声色之乐的包围，使他们陷入可怕的试探中。他们整天与卑鄙下流的恶人为伍。惟有藉着超凡脱俗的能力，他们才能避免坠入这个深渊。许多人坚贞不屈，宁可受苦也不愿犯罪。这等人特别需要帮助、同情和鼓励。{MH 190.1}
§61
Not all the poor in the city slums are of this class. God-fearing men and women have been brought to the depths of poverty by illness or misfortune, often through the dishonest scheming of those who live by preying upon their fellows. Many who are upright and well-meaning become poor through lack of industrial training. Through ignorance they are unfitted to wrestle with the difficulties of life. Drifting into the cities, they are often unable to find employment. Surrounded by the sights and sounds of vice, they are subjected to terrible temptation. Herded and often classed with the vicious and degraded, it is only by a superhuman struggle, a more than finite power, that they can be preserved from sinking to the same depths. Many hold fast their integrity, choosing to suffer rather than to sin. This class especially demand help, sympathy, and encouragement. {MH 190.1}[27]
§62
如果现今挤在都市中的贫民，能到乡间去居住，不但他们衣食的问题可以解决，且可以得到意想不到的康健和快乐。虽然，乡间的工作是费力的，生活是俭朴的，而且一切都没有都市那样便利。但他们离开城市及其邪恶，骚动，罪行，悲惨和恶劣之状，得享自然界的幽静，清洁，和安宁，乃是多么大的祝福啊! {MH 190.2}
§63
If the poor now crowded into the cities could find homes upon the land, they might not only earn a livelihood, but find health and happiness now unknown to them. Hard work, simple fare, close economy, often hardship and privation, would be their lot. But what a blessing would be theirs in leaving the city, with its enticements to evil, its turmoil and crime, misery and foulness, for the countrys quiet and peace and purity. {MH 190.2}[28]
§64
那些住在都市之中的人，连一根草的踏脚地也没有，年去年来，眼前只见那肮脏的门庭，狭窄的小巷，和砖石的墙垣街道，以及灰沙飞扬，烟雾弥漫的天空，――这些人如果能到乡间去看那青葱的田禾，幽致的山林溪泉，明洁的天空，和那清鲜纯净的空气，他们将觉得自己几乎象在天上了。{MH 191.1}
§65
To many of those living in the cities who have not a spot of green grass to set their feet upon, who year after year have looked out upon filthy courts and narrow alleys, brick walls and pavements, and skies clouded with dust and smoke--if these could be taken to some farming district, surrounded with the green fields, the woods and hills and brooks, the clear skies and the fresh, pure air of the country, it would seem almost like heaven. {MH 191.1}[29]
§66
断绝了许多世俗的来往和倚靠，离开社会上种种腐败的格言、习惯和兴奋，他们就与自然之心越来越近。上帝的显现，便能愈见真切。在这环境之中，许多人也会学得倚靠上帝。从自然的景色方面，他们会听得主的声音对他们作心灵的谈话，把祂的慈爱和安宁赐给他们。他们的思想，心灵，和身体，也就不期而然地与医治人、赐人生命的能力共鸣了。{MH 192.1}
§67
Cut off to a great degree from contact with and dependence upon men, and separated from the worlds corrupting maxims and customs and excitements, they would come nearer to the heart of nature. Gods presence would be more real to them. Many would learn the lesson of dependence upon Him. Through nature they would hear His voice speaking to their hearts of His peace and love, and mind and soul and body would respond to the healing, life-giving power. {MH 192.1}[30]
§68
若要这些人变得勤劳和自食其力，他们中许多人需要得到帮助、鼓励和指导。对于许多穷苦的家庭，最好的传道工作就是帮助他们安身在土地上，学习如何种地谋生。{MH 192.2}
§69
If they ever become industrious and self-supporting, very many must have assistance, encouragement, and instruction. There are multitudes of poor families for whom no better missionary work could be done than to assist them in settling on the land and in learning how to make it yield them a livelihood. {MH 192.2}[31]
§70
这种帮助和指导的需要不限于城市。在具有更好生存条件的农村，也有许多极需帮助的穷人。有些地方的人，完全没有职业和卫生方面的知识。一些家庭住在寒舍里，缺乏家具，衣物，工具和书籍，更谈不上舒适便利和文化设施了。堕落的心灵和衰弱丑陋的身体，显示了不良遗传和错误习惯的结果。这些人需要从根本上予以教导。他们以前过的是散漫，荒荡，败坏的生活，必须训练他们养成正确的习惯。{MH 192.3}
§71
The need for such help and instruction is not confined to the cities. Even in the country, with all its possibilities for a better life, multitudes of the poor are in great need. Whole communities are devoid of education in industrial and sanitary lines. Families live in hovels, with scant furniture and clothing, without tools, without books, destitute both of comforts and conveniences and of means of culture. Imbruted souls, bodies weak and ill-formed, reveal the results of evil heredity and of wrong habits. These people must be educated from the very foundation. They have led shiftless, idle, corrupt lives, and they need to be trained to correct habits. {MH 192.3}[32]
§72
他们怎样才能认识到改革的必要性呢？如何引导他们达到人生的更高理想呢？如何帮助他们提高呢？如何使他们在穷困的环境中步步奋斗呢？这件工作确实困难。若无外力的帮助，人决不能实行必要的改革。上帝的旨意是要用同情和帮扶的纽带，把富人与穷人连结起来。拥有财富才华的人，应该利用这些恩赐为同胞造福。{MH 193.1}
§73
How can they be awakened to the necessity of improvement? How can they be directed to a higher ideal of life? How can they be helped to rise? What can be done where poverty prevails and is to be contended with at every step? Certainly the work is difficult. The necessary reformation will never be made unless men and women are assisted by a power outside of themselves. It is Gods purpose that the rich and the poor shall be closely bound together by the ties of sympathy and helpfulness. Those who have means, talents, and capabilities are to use these gifts in blessing their fellow men. {MH 193.1}[33]
§74
基督徒农民能够从事真正的传道工作，那就是帮助穷人找安身之处，教导他们耕作土地，使之出产。要教他们怎样使用农具，怎样种植各种庄稼，怎样栽种和照看果园。{MH 193.2}
§75
Christian farmers can do real missionary work in helping the poor to find homes on the land and in teaching them how to till the soil and make it productive. Teach them how to use the implements of agriculture, how to cultivate various crops, how to plant and care for orchards. {MH 193.2}[34]
§76
许多种地的人得不到丰富的收成，是因为自己的疏忽。他们的果园没有好好照看，庄稼没有按时下种，耕耘只浮于表面。收成不好，他们就怨土地贫瘠。事实往往并非如此。只要耕作得当，土地就会有丰富的回报。他们潦草的工作，肤浅的计划，和不肯研究最佳的方法，需要大大地改进。{MH 193.3}
§77
Many who till the soil fail to secure adequate returns because of their neglect. Their orchards are not properly cared for, the crops are not put in at the right time, and a mere surface work is done in cultivating the soil. Their ill success they charge to the unproductiveness of the land. False witness is often borne in condemning land that, if properly worked, would yield rich returns. The narrow plans, the little strength put forth, the little study as to the best methods, call loudly for reform. {MH 193.3}[35]
§78
要把正确的方法教导所有愿意学习的人。如果有人不愿意听你们高深的见解，那就采取潜移默化的方法。要耕好你们自己的田地，有机会就同邻居说一两句话。让收成替你们正确的方法说话，证明正确耕耘的土地能有什么样的收获。{MH 193.4}
§79
Let proper methods be taught to all who are willing to learn. If any do not wish you to speak to them of advanced ideas, let the lessons be given silently. Keep up the culture of your own land. Drop a word to your neighbors when you can, and let the harvest be eloquent in favor of right methods. Demonstrate what can be done with the land when properly worked. {MH 193.4}[36]
§80
要注意建立各种实业，使穷苦的家庭能找到工作。不论木匠铁匠，凡懂得某种生产技术的人，都应负起责任，教导和帮助失业和没有知识的人。{MH 194.1}
§81
Attention should be given to the establishment of various industries so that poor families can find employment. Carpenters, blacksmiths, and indeed everyone who understands some line of useful labor, should feel a responsibility to teach and help the ignorant and the unemployed. {MH 194.1}[37]
§82
不论是男是女，都可以从事帮助穷人的工作。高明的厨师，管家，裁缝，护士——各种帮助都少不了。要教导穷苦家庭的人怎样烹饪，怎样缝补衣服，怎样看护病人，怎样管好家庭。要让男女青年接受有益的职业教育。{MH 194.2}
§83
In ministry to the poor there is a wide field of service for women as well as for men. The efficient cook, the housekeeper, the seamstress, the nurse--the help of all is needed. Let the members of poor households be taught how to cook, how to make and mend their own clothing, how to nurse the sick, how to care properly for the home. Let boys and girls be thoroughly taught some useful trade or occupation. {MH 194.2}[38]
§84
传道的家庭荒芜的地方，需要传道的家庭去住。农民，金融家，建筑师和各种技术人员，都应该到荒僻的地方去开垦土地，建立实业，为自己盖起简陋的住宅，并帮助邻居。{MH 194.3}
§85
【Missionary Families】
§86
Missionary families are needed to settle in the waste places. Let farmers, financiers, builders, and those who are skilled in various arts and crafts, go to neglected fields, to improve the land, to establish industries, to prepare humble homes for themselves, and to help their neighbors. {MH 194.3}[39]
§87
在最为丑陋之处，上帝安置了美丽的景物，使崎岖荒凉的地方变得诱人。这就是我们奉命要做的工作。即使是地球的荒凉之处，在表面上毫无吸引力的地方，也能成为上帝的乐园一般。 “那时，聋子必听见这书上的话；瞎子的眼必从迷蒙黑暗中得以看见。谦卑人必因耶和华增添欢喜；人间贫穷的必因以色列的圣者快乐”（赛29:18,19）。{MH 194.4}
§88
The rough places of nature, the wild places, God has made attractive by placing beautiful things among the most unsightly. This is the work we are called to do. Even the desert places of the earth, where the outlook appears to be forbidding, may become as the garden of God. In that day shall the deaf hear the words of the book, And the eyes of the blind shall see out of obscurity, and out of darkness. The meek also shall increase their joy in the Lord, And the poor among men shall rejoice in the Holy One of Israel. Isaiah 29:18, 19. {MH 194.4}[40]
§89
我们帮助穷人最有效的方法，就是教导实用的知识。未受过职业训练的人，一般没有勤劳，坚持，节约和克己的习惯。他们不知道怎样安排，常常因缺乏审慎和正确的判断而造成浪费。如果他们能做到谨慎节约的话，本来是可以体面舒适地维持他们家庭的。“穷人耕种多得粮食，但因不义，有消灭的”（箴13:23）。{MH 194.5}
§90
By instruction in practical lines we can often help the poor most effectively. As a rule, those who have not been trained to work do not have habits of industry, perseverance, economy, and self-denial. They do not know how to manage. Often through lack of carefulness and right judgment there is wasted that which would maintain their families in decency and comfort if it were carefully and economically used. Much food is in the tillage of the poor: but there is that is destroyed for want of judgment. Proverbs 13:23. {MH 194.5}[41]
§91
我们周济穷人，有时反而害了他们，使他们养成依赖的习惯，鼓励他们自私和不自立，往往导致他们的懒惰，挥霍和放纵。凡能自己谋生的人，决不该依赖别人。谚语“世界有养活我的责任”含有虚假、欺诈和盗窃的成分。一个人既有工作的能力可以养活自己，世界就没有养活他的责任。{MH 195.1}
§92
We may give to the poor, and harm them, by teaching them to be dependent. Such giving encourages selfishness and helplessness. Often it leads to idleness, extravagance, and intemperance. No man who can earn his own livelihood has a right to depend on others. The proverb The world owes me a living has in it the essence of falsehood, fraud, and robbery. The world owes no man a living who is able to work and gain a living for himself. {MH 195.1}[42]
§93
真正的慈善就是帮助人自立。若有人到我们家门求乞要饭，不可让他饿着肚子离开。他的贫穷也许是时运不济。真正的慈善不单是物质的帮助，而是要诚恳地关心他人的福利。我们要设法了解穷苦之人的需要，把最有益于他们的东西给他们。为他们花费心思，光阴和精力，其价值远在金钱之上。但这是真正的慈善工作。{MH 195.2}
§94
Real charity helps men to help themselves. If one comes to our door and asks for food, we should not turn him away hungry; his poverty may be the result of misfortune. But true beneficence means more than mere gifts. It means a genuine interest in the welfare of others. We should seek to understand the needs of the poor and distressed, and to give them the help that will benefit them most. To give thought and time and personal effort costs far more than merely to give money. But it is the truest charity. {MH 195.2}[43]
§95
那些受到指教赚取自己报酬的人，更容易学会怎样善用这份报酬。在学习自立的过程中，他们所得到的不但能维持自己，还能帮助别人。要教导那些虚度光阴的人人生职责的重要性。要告诉他们圣经的宗教决不造就懒汉。耶稣一直是鼓励勤劳的。祂对懒惰的人说：“你们为什么整天在这里闲站呢？”“趁着白日，我们必须作那差我来者的工；黑夜将到，就没有人能作工了”（太20:6；约9:4）。{MH 195.3}
§96
Those who are taught to earn what they receive will more readily learn to make the most of it. And in learning to be self-reliant, they are acquiring that which will not only make them self-sustaining, but will enable them to help others. Teach the importance of lifes duties to those who are wasting their opportunities. Show them that Bible religion never makes men idlers. Christ always encouraged industry. Why stand ye here all the day idle? He said to the indolent. I must work . . . while it is day: the night cometh, when no man can work. Matthew 20:6; John 9:4. {MH 195.3}[44]
§97
每一个人都有权利在家庭生活中，在作风习惯和秩序上，对世人证明福音在顺从的人身上所产生的效应。基督曾降到这个世界为我们树立了榜样，说明我们可以成为何等人。祂希望祂的门徒在人生的各个方面都成为正确的模范。祂希望人在外面表显出上帝的感化之功。{MH 196.1}
§98
It is the privilege of all to give to the world in their home life, in their customs and practices and order, an evidence of what the gospel can do for those who obey it. Christ came to our world to give us an example of what we may become. He expects His followers to be models of correctness in all the relations of life. He desires the divine touch to be seen upon outward things. {MH 196.1}[45]
§99
我们自己的家庭和环境应成为一个实际的教训，显示改进的方法，用勤劳、清洁、品位和优雅，来代替懒惰、肮脏、粗俗和杂乱，用我们的生活和榜样，帮助别人发现他们品格或环境中的污点，以基督徒的礼貌来鼓励改革。我们只要关心他们，就能找到机会教导他们怎样善用生命的机能。{MH 196.2}
§100
Our own homes and surroundings should be object lessons, teaching ways of improvement, so that industry, cleanliness, taste, and refinement may take the place of idleness, uncleanness, coarseness, and disorder. By our lives and example we can help others to discern that which is repulsive in their character or their surroundings, and with Christian courtesy we may encourage improvement. As we manifest an interest in them, we shall find opportunity to teach them how to put their energies to the best use. {MH 196.2}[46]
§101
希望和勇气如果没有勇气和坚持，我们就一事无成。要对贫穷灰心的人说鼓励希望的话。若有必要，在他们遭遇难关的时候，就施以援手，证明你对他们的关心。那些占有许多优势的人，应当记住他们在许多事上是有错的。指出他们的错处是痛苦的事。要为他们树立一个正确的榜样，供他们效法。要记住仁慈的作用要比指责大。你教导别人的时候，要使他们明白你希望他们达到一个最高的标准，你也愿意帮助他们。如果他们在什么事上失败，不要急于定他们的罪。{MH 196.3}
§102
【Hope and Courage】
§103
We can do nothing without courage and perseverance. Speak words of hope and courage to the poor and the disheartened. If need be, give tangible proof of your interest by helping them when they come into strait places. Those who have had many advantages should remember that they themselves still err in many things, and that it is painful to them when their errors are pointed out and there is held up before them a comely pattern of what they should be. Remember that kindness will accomplish more than censure. As you try to teach others, let them see that you wish them to reach the highest standard, and that you are ready to give them help. If in some things they fail, be not quick to condemn them. {MH 196.3}[47]
§104
朴素，克己，节约，是穷人必学的功课，但他们往往觉得难学而且不欢迎。世俗的榜样和精神，不断刺激和挑动他们的骄傲，虚荣，纵欲，挥霍和懒惰之心。这些罪恶使千万人沦于贫困，又使更多的人无法摆脱堕落与惨境。基督徒应该鼓励穷人抵制这些影响。{MH 196.4}
§105
Simplicity, self-denial, economy, lessons so essential for the poor to learn, often seem to them difficult and unwelcome. The example and spirit of the world is constantly exciting and fostering pride, love of display, self-indulgence, prodigality, and idleness. These evils bring thousands to penury and prevent thousands more from rising out of degradation and wretchedness. Christians are to encourage the poor to resist these influences. {MH 196.4}[48]
§106
基督降卑来到这个世界，降生于贫寒之家。祂本是天上的主，荣耀的王，众天军的统帅，却屈身接受人性，自愿过穷苦卑微的生活。祂所享的机会，并没有超过穷人。劳苦，艰辛，穷困，是祂每日生活的一部分。祂说：“狐狸有洞，天空的飞鸟有窝。只是人子没有枕头的地方”（路9:58）。{MH 197.1}
§107
Jesus came to this world in humility. He was of lowly birth. The Majesty of heaven, the King of glory, the Commander of all the angel host, He humbled Himself to accept humanity, and then He chose a life of poverty and humiliation. He had no opportunities that the poor do not have. Toil, hardship, and privation were a part of every days experience. Foxes have holes, He said, and birds of the air have nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay His head. Luke 9:58. {MH 197.1}[49]
§108
耶稣并不追求人的尊崇与喝彩。祂不带兵，不统治地上的国度，不讨好达官贵人，不谋国中的要职。祂住在贫民中间，不理会人为的社会等级，无视高贵的出身，财富，天才，学识和阶级。{MH 197.2}
§109
Jesus did not seek the admiration or the applause of men. He commanded no army. He ruled no earthly kingdom. He did not court the favor of the wealthy and honored of the world. He did not claim a position among the leaders of the nation. He dwelt among the lowly. He set at nought the artificial distinctions of society. The aristocracy of birth, wealth, talent, learning, rank, He ignored. {MH 197.2}[50]
§110
祂本是天上的王，但祂没有在博学的律法师、官长、文士和法利赛人中间拣选祂的门徒。祂越过了这些人，因为他们以自己的学问和地位为自豪，拘泥于遗传和迷信。监察人心的主拣选了那些卑微而愿意虚心受教的渔夫。祂与税吏和罪人同席，融入平民之中，但不与他们同流合污，而是藉言传身教告诉他们公义的原则，把他们从世俗和堕落中提拔上来。{MH 197.3}
§111
He was the Prince of heaven, yet He did not choose His disciples from among the learned lawyers, the rulers, the scribes, or the Pharisees. He passed these by, because they prided themselves on their learning and position. They were fixed in their traditions and superstitions. He who could read all hearts chose humble fishermen who were willing to be taught. He ate with publicans and sinners, and mingled with the common people, not to become low and earthly with them, but in order by precept and example to present to them right principles, and to uplift them from their earthliness and debasement. {MH 197.3}[51]
§112
耶稣设法纠正世人判断人价值的错误标准。祂站在穷人一边，要除去世人加在贫穷之上的耻辱。祂祝福穷人，说他们必承受天国，从而永远推倒了对于贫穷的辱骂。祂向我们指出祂所走过的道路，说：“若有人要跟从我，就当舍己，天天背起他的十字架来跟从我”（路9:23）。{MH 197.4}
§113
Jesus sought to correct the worlds false standard of judging the value of men. He took His position with the poor, that He might lift from poverty the stigma that the world had attached to it. He has stripped from it forever the reproach of scorn, by blessing the poor, the inheritors of Gods kingdom. He points us to the path He trod, saying, If any man will come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross daily, and follow Me. Verse 23. {MH 197.4}[52]
§114
基督的工人要设身处地与人接触，不是教导他们骄傲，而是教导他们建造品格。要告诉他们基督如何辛劳，如何牺牲。帮助他们从基督身上学到克己牺牲的教训。还要教导他们防止追求时尚和自我放纵。人生非常宝贵，充满神圣严重的职责，不可浪费在寻欢作乐上 。{MH 198.1}
§115
Christian workers are to meet the people where they are, and educate them, not in pride, but in character building. Teach them how Christ worked and denied Himself. Help them to learn from Him the lessons of self-denial and sacrifice. Teach them to beware of self-indulgence in conforming to fashion. Life is too valuable, too full of solemn, sacred responsibilities, to be wasted in pleasing self. {MH 198.1}[53]
§116
生命的精华世人几乎还未开始认识人生的真谛。他们受虚荣浮华的引诱，追求世俗的尊荣，牺牲了人生的真正宗旨。人生的精华——朴实、忠诚、正直、纯洁、坚贞——是不能买卖的；无论是没有学识的人还是受过教育的人，是卑微的工人还是尊贵的政治家，都可以白白得到。上帝已经为每一个人预备穷人和富人都能享受的快乐。这是培养纯洁思想和无私行为的快乐，是来自对人说同情的话、行善事的快乐。基督的光从这些为人服务的人身上发出，照亮被黑影所笼罩的人生。{MH 198.2}
§117
【Lifes Best Things】
§118
Men and women have hardly begun to understand the true object of life. They are attracted by glitter and show. They are ambitious for worldly pre-eminence. To this the true aims of life are sacrificed. Lifes best things--simplicity, honesty, truthfulness, purity, integrity--cannot be bought or sold. They are as free to the ignorant as to the educated, to the humble laborer as to the honored statesman. For everyone God has provided pleasure that may be enjoyed by rich and poor alike--the pleasure found in cultivating pureness of thought and unselfishness of action, the pleasure that comes from speaking sympathizing words and doing kindly deeds. From those who perform such service the light of Christ shines to brighten lives darkened by many shadows. {MH 198.2}[54]
§119
你们在物质上帮助别人的时候，总要关注他们的属灵需要。你们自己的生活要见证救主保护的大能。你们的品格要显示所有人都可以达到的崇高标准。要用简明的实际教训来传扬福音。你们所接触的每一件事物，都要成为品格建造的教训。{MH 198.3}
§120
While helping the poor in temporal things, keep always in view their spiritual needs. Let your own life testify to the Saviours keeping power. Let your character reveal the high standard to which all may attain. Teach the gospel in simple object lessons. Let everything with which you have to do be a lesson in character building. {MH 198.3}[55]
§121
在卑微的工作中，最软弱最无名的人也能与上帝同工，得着祂同在的安慰和支持的恩惠。他们不必忧愁挂虑，以致身心疲惫。他们要一天一天地作工，忠心地执行上帝所委派的任务。上帝会看顾他们。祂说：{MH 199.1}
§122
In the humble round of toil, the very weakest, the most obscure, may be workers together with God and may have the comfort of His presence and sustaining grace. They are not to weary themselves with busy anxieties and needless cares. Let them work on from day to day, accomplishing faithfully the task that Gods providence assigns, and He will care for them. He says: {MH 199.1}[56]
§123
“应当一无挂虑，只要凡事借着祷告、祈求和感谢，将你们所要的告诉上帝。”“上帝所赐出人意外的平安，必在基督耶稣里保守你们的心怀意念”（腓4:6,7）。{MH 199.2}
§124
In nothing be anxious; but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known unto God. And the peace of God, which passeth all understanding, shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6, A.R.V.; 4:7. {MH 199.2}[57]
§125
上帝看顾祂所创造的全体人类。祂爱他们，并无偏见。祂最怜悯那些蒙召担负最重人生职责的人。上帝的儿女必须经历试炼和苦难。但他们应该以快乐的精神接受他们的命运。要记住他们在这个世上所没有得到的，上帝必亲自照着祂的厚意补偿他们。{MH 199.3}
§126
The Lords care is over all His creatures. He loves them all and makes no difference, except that He has the most tender pity for those who are called to bear lifes heaviest burdens. Gods children must meet trials and difficulties. But they should accept their lot with a cheerful spirit, remembering that for all that the world neglects to bestow, God Himself will make up to them in the best of favors. {MH 199.3}[58]
§127
在我们陷入困境的时候，上帝会显示能力和智慧，应允我们谦卑的祷告。要信靠祂为垂听祷告、应允祷告的主。祂必向你显现，使你知道祂能在一切急难之中帮助你。主既创造了人，赐给了人奇妙的体力、智力和灵力，就决不会扣留维持祂所赐给的生命所需要的任何东西。祂既把祂的道，就是生命树的叶子赐给我们，就决不会不让我们知道怎样为祂贫困的儿女预备食物。{MH 199.4}
§128
It is when we come into difficult places that He reveals His power and wisdom in answer to humble prayer. Have confidence in Him as a prayer-hearing, prayer-answering God. He will reveal Himself to you as One who can help in every emergency. He who created man, who gave him his wonderful physical, mental, and spiritual faculties, will not withhold that which is necessary to sustain the life He has given. He who has given us His word--the leaves of the tree of life-- will not withhold from us a knowledge of how to provide food for His needy children. {MH 199.4}[59]
§129
扶犁赶牛的人怎么能得到智慧呢？要“寻找它，如同寻找银子；搜求它，如同搜求隐藏的珍宝”（箴2:4）。“因为他的上帝教导他农务相宜，并且指教他”（赛28:26）。“这也是出于万军之耶和华，祂的谋略奇妙，祂的智慧广大”（赛28:29）。{MH 199.5}
§130
How can wisdom be obtained by him who holds the plow and drives the oxen? By seeking her as silver, and searching for her as for hid treasure. For his God doth instruct him to discretion, and doth teach him. Isaiah 28:26. This also cometh forth from Jehovah of hosts, who is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in wisdom. Verse 29, A.R.V. {MH 199.5}[60]
§131
上帝曾指教伊甸园中的亚当和夏娃怎样照料园子，现在祂也愿意指教我们。耕田下种的人能得到智慧。凡信靠顺从祂的人，祂必为他们开出路。他们应当放胆前进，信靠祂会照着祂丰盛的恩典供应他们的需要。{MH 200.1}
§132
He who taught Adam and Eve in Eden how to tend the garden, desires to instruct men today. There is wisdom for him who drives the plow and sows the seed. Before those who trust and obey Him, God will open ways of advance. Let them move forward courageously, trusting in Him to supply their needs according to the riches of His goodness. {MH 200.1}[61]
§133
主既能以五个饼和两条小鱼使众人吃饱，祂也必能在现今的时候使我们得到劳动的果实。祂从前曾对加利利的渔夫说：“你们下网打鱼”（路5:4）。他们听了祂的话，就得了满网的鱼，甚至网几乎破裂，祂也愿意使祂的子民在这件事上看到一个证据，证明现今祂会为他们做什么。现在治理天地的还是那位曾从天上赐下吗哪给以色列人吃的上帝。祂必引导祂的子民，使他们在蒙召去做的事上有技巧和聪明。祂必将智慧赐给那些本着良心聪明地努力尽责的人。世界之主拥有丰富的资源。祂必祝福每一个设法为别人谋利的人。{MH 200.2}
§134
He who fed the multitude with five loaves and two small fishes is able today to give us the fruit of our labor. He who said to the fishers of Galilee, Let down your nets for a draft, and who, as they obeyed, filled their nets till they broke, desires His people to see in this an evidence of what He will do for them today. The God who in the wilderness gave the children of Israel manna from heaven still lives and reigns. He will guide His people and give skill and understanding in the work they are called to do. He will give wisdom to those who strive to do their duty conscientiously and intelligently. He who owns the world is rich in resources, and will bless everyone who is seeking to bless others. {MH 200.2}[62]
§135
我们应该抱着信心举目仰望天国，不要因表面上的失败而气馁，也不要因时间的耽搁而灰心。我们应当满怀快乐，希望，感恩的精神去耕种，相信大地怀中蕴藏着丰富的资源，给忠心的工人去收获，其宝藏比金银更富足。大山和丘陵要改变，地正如衣服渐渐旧了；但是上帝的福气，在旷野为其子民摆设筵席，却是永不止息的。{MH 200.3}
§136
We need to look heavenward in faith. We are not to be discouraged because of apparent failure, nor should we be disheartened by delay. We should work cheerfully, hopefully, gratefully, believing that the earth holds in her bosom rich treasures for the faithful worker to garner, stores richer than gold or silver. The mountains and hills are changing; the earth is waxing old like a garment; but the blessing of God, which spreads for His people a table in the wilderness, will never cease. {MH 200.3}[63]