第17章 教导儿童作有益的人
§1
第17章 教导儿童作有益的人
§2
Teaching Lessons of Helpfulness
§3
人生不可耗费在闲懒和满足私欲的事上。每一个人都有一个重大的责任，就是发展上帝所赐的才能。教育青年是一件最重要的事，每一个生在家中的孩子，都是一种神圣的托付。上帝对父母说：“你们要接受这个孩子，为我而养育他，使他能尊荣我的名，以致我能借着他造福世人。”为了使儿童能度这样的人生，就不能对他们进行片面的工作，以致增长了智力，却牺牲了他的体力。身心的一切才能，都必须得到发展。父母应在教师的帮助下，为自己所看顾的青少年进行这项工作。{CT 145.1}[1]
§4
Life is not given to be spent in idleness and self-pleasing. Great possibilities have been placed before everyone who will develop his God-given capabilities. For this reason the training of the young is a matter of highest importance. Every child born into the home is a sacred trust. God says to the parents, “Take this child, and bring it up for Me, that it may be an honor to My name, and a channel through which My blessings shall flow to the world.” To fit the child for such a life, something more is called for than a partial, one-sided education which shall develop the mental at the expense of the physical powers. All the faculties of mind and body need to be developed; and this is the work which parents, aided by the teacher, are to do for the children and youth placed under their care.?{CT 145.1}[1]
§5
第一步教训是很重要的。往往儿童在很小时就被送进学校。他们必须学习难以负担的功课，有时还要学习乐理。父母往往资财有限，这笔学费又是他们难以承担。但是，他们把一切都投入这样的教育。这种做法是不智的。一个神经衰弱的孩子，决不可负担过重，也不要学习音乐，直到他们的体力得到充分的发育。{CT 145.2}[2]
§6
The first lessons are of great importance. It is customary to send very young children to school. They are required to study from books things that tax their young minds, and often they are taught music. Frequently the parents have but limited means, and an expense is incurred which they can ill afford, but everything must be made to bend to this artificial line of education. This course is not wise. A nervous child should not be overtaxed in any direction and should not learn music until he is physically well developed.?{CT 145.2}[2]
§7
母亲应当成为教师。每一个儿童都应在家庭学校中，接受启蒙教育。这个教育，必须包括勤劳的习惯。母亲们，要让小孩子在大自然中玩耍，倾听鸟儿的歌声，学习上帝在祂美丽创作中所显示的爱心。要从大自然的课本，和他们周围的事物中，教导他们简单的课题。当他们的心智稍有扩展的时候，就可以增加书本的功课，使他们牢牢记住。但即使在他们还很小的时候，也当使他们学习做有用处的人。要启发他们认识到：作为家庭的一员，他应当无私地帮助分担家庭的担子。要在完成必要的家务中，寻求有益于健康的活动。{CT 145.3}[3]
§8
The mother should be the teacher, and home the school where every child receives his first lessons; and?these lessons should include habits of industry. Mothers, let the little ones play in the open air; let them listen to the songs of the birds, and learn the love of God as expressed in His beautiful works. Teach them simple lessons from the book of nature and the things about them; and as their minds expand, lessons from books may be added and firmly fixed in their memory. But let them also learn, even in their earliest years, to be useful. Train them to think that, as members of the household, they are to act a disinterested, helpful part in sharing the domestic burdens and to seek healthful exercise in the performance of necessary home duties.?{CT 145.3}[3]
§9
父母应当找一些有用的工作给自己的儿女去做，让他们担负适合他们年龄和体力的责任。应当让孩子做一些不仅使他们忙碌，而且引起他们兴趣的事。儿童从很小起就当运用四肢和脑筋。父母若疏忽使儿童的才能得到合理运用，就会筹成大错。因为撒但随时准备找点事给他们做。……{CT 146.1}[4]
§10
It is essential for parents to find useful employment for their children, which will involve the bearing of responsibilities as their age and strength will permit. The children should be given something to do that will not only keep them busy, but will interest them. The active hands and brains must be employed from the earliest years. If parents neglect to turn their children’s energies into useful channels, they do them great injury, for Satan is ready to find them something to do....?{CT 146.1}[4]
§11
【教师和父母的合作】
§12
儿童到了入学的年龄，教师就应当与父母合作，把体力劳动继续作为学校的一门课程。许多学生反对在学校中做这种工作。他们以为有益的工作，即学一门手艺，是下贱的事，其实这些人对何为真正的尊严存在错误的认识。……{CT 146.2}[5]
§13
【The Co-operation of Teacher and Parent】
§14
When the child is old enough to be sent to school, the teacher should co-operate with the parents, and manual training should be continued as part of the school studies. There are many students who object to this kind of work in the schools. They think useful employment, like learning a trade, degrading; but such have an incorrect idea of what constitutes true dignity....?{CT 146.2}[5]
§15
【基督的榜样】
§16
基督在地上的生活乃是人类大家庭的榜样。祂在家庭中是顺从和有用的。祂学习木工的手艺，用自己的双手在拿撒勒的小作坊中工作。……圣经论到耶稣说：“孩子渐渐长大，强健起来，充满智慧，又有上帝的恩在祂身上”（路2：40）。当祂在童年和青年工作的时候，心智和身体都得到了发育。祂没有滥用体力，而是保持身体的健康，以便在各方面做出最出色的工作来。……{CT 147.1}[6]
§17
【Christ’s Example】
§18
In his earth life Christ was an example to all the human family, and He was obedient and helpful in the home. He learned the carpenter’s trade, and worked with His own hands in the little shop at Nazareth.... The Bible says of Jesus, “The Child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, filled with wisdom: and the grace of God was upon Him.”?Luke 2:40. As He worked in childhood and youth, mind and body were developed. He did not use His physical powers recklessly, but in such a way as to keep them in health, that He might do the best work in every line....?{CT 147.1}[6]
§19
应当鼓励青少年用自己的体力做对自己有益和对别人有帮助的事。那种发展心智和品格，启发他们运用双手，训练青年人分担生活担子的活动，必能增强他们的体力，振奋他们的一切才能。凡勤勤恳恳，培养行善习惯的，必定得到报赏。{CT 147.2}[7]
§20
In the children and youth an ambition should be awakened to take their exercise in doing something that will be beneficial to themselves and helpful to others. The exercise that develops mind and character, that teaches the hands to be useful, that trains the young to bear their share of life’s burdens, is that which gives physical strength and quickens every faculty. And there is a reward in virtuous industry, in the cultivation of the habit of living to do good.?{CT 147.2}[7]
§21
富裕家庭的儿童也不可被剥夺参加劳动增进智力体力的重大福分。劳动不是一种咒诅，而是一种福分。上帝曾把一个美丽的花园赐给无罪的亚当和夏娃看守。这是一项愉快的工作。如果第一对夫妇没有干犯上帝的诫命，这个世界上的工作永远是愉快的。……富裕的人不可被剥夺在世界上作个劳动者的特权和福分。他们应当认识到自己有责任使用所托付给他们的才干。他们的能力，他们的时间，他们的钱财都应当聪明的加以利用，不可为自私的目的服务。……{CT 147.3}[8]
§22
The children of the wealthy should not be deprived of the great blessing of having something to do to increase the strength of brain and muscle. Work is not a curse, but a blessing. God gave sinless Adam and Eve a beautiful garden to tend. This was pleasant work, and none but pleasant work would have entered our world had not the first pair transgressed God’s commandments.... The wealthy are not to be deprived of the privilege and blessing?of a place among the world’s workers. They should realize that they are responsible for the use they make of their entrusted possessions; that their strength, their time, and their money are to be used wisely, and not for selfish purposes....?{CT 147.3}[8]
§23
上帝必以慈爱的保证嘉纳那些乐意参加家务劳动，分担父母担子的儿童。他们将获得健康的身体和心灵的平安。他们也必因看见父母亲得享社交的幸福，和有益于健康的娱乐，丰富了生活内容而满心快乐。那些受过生活实际训练的儿童从家庭中出来以后，必成为社会上有用的成员。他们所受的教育要远远胜过那些在幼年心智和身体尚未强健耐劳的时候，就被严格地关在教室里的人所受的教育。{CT 148.1}[9]
§24
The approval of God rests with loving assurance upon the children who cheerfully take their part in the duties of domestic life, sharing the burdens of father and mother. They will be rewarded with health of body and peace of mind; and they will enjoy the pleasure of seeing their parents take their share of social enjoyment and healthful recreation, thus prolonging their lives. Children trained to the practical duties of life will go out from the home to be useful members of society, with an education far superior to that gained by close confinement in the schoolroom at an early age, when neither the mind nor the body is strong enough to endure the strain.?{CT 148.1}[9]
§25
应当在家庭和学校中借着训诲和榜样，教导青少年做一个忠诚，无私和勤劳的人。不可让他们闲懒度日。他们的双手不应无所事事。父母和家长应当为达到以下的目标而工作——发展青年的一切才能，塑造公义的品格。但父母若认识到他们的职责，教师的负担就会减轻多了。{CT 148.2}[10]
§26
At home and in the school, by precept and example, the children and youth should be taught to be truthful, unselfish, industrious. They should not be allowed to spend their time in idleness; their hands should not be folded in inaction. Parents and teachers should work for the accomplishment of this object—the development of all the powers, and the formation of right character. But when parents realize their responsibilities, there will be far less left for the teachers to do.?{CT 148.2}[10]
§27
上天关心着为青年所做的工作。父母和教师若能凭着智慧的教训，镇定而坚决地培养青年人想到并关心别人，就必帮助他们战胜自私，并关闭许多试探的门户。上帝的使者将与这些忠心的导师合作。上帝并没有委托天使来作这项工作，而是要他们增强这些父母和教师的力量和效能。他们敬畏上帝，设法训练青年度有用的人生。{CT 148.3}[11]
§28
Heaven is interested in this work in behalf of the young. The parents and teachers who by wise instruction, in a calm, decided manner, accustom children to think of and care for others, will help them to overcome their selfishness and will close the door against many?temptations. Angels of God will co-operate with these faithful instructors. Angels are not commissioned to do this work themselves; but they will give strength and efficiency to those who, in the fear of God, seek to train the young to a life of usefulness.?{CT 148.3}[11]
§29
我们的学校是上帝为训练青年参加传道工作而专设的机构。父母应当明白自己的职责，帮助他们的孩子重视上帝借着教育机构所赐给他们的伟大特权和福分。{CT 149.1}[12]
§30
Our schools are the Lord’s special instrumentality to fit the children and youth for missionary work. Parents should understand their responsibility and help their children to appreciate the great privileges and blessings that God has provided for them in educational advantages.?{CT 149.1}[12]
§31
但他们的家庭教育必须与传道教育并驾齐驱。青少年的实际训练和文化教育必须相结合。应当教训他们如何帮助父母从事力所能及的工作。应当教育他们始终记住所指派给他们的工作。他们既在家中受到劳动习惯的训练，他们就是在接受履行与他们年龄相称之职责的教育了。{CT 149.2}[13]
§32
But their domestic education should keep pace with their education in missionary lines. In childhood and youth practical and literary training should be combined. Children should be taught to have a part in domestic duties. They should be instructed how to help father and mother in the little things that they can do. Their minds should be trained to think, their memories taxed to remember their appointed work; and in the training to habits of usefulness in the home they are being educated in doing practical duties appropriate to their age.?{CT 149.2}[13]
§33
如果儿童在家中接受了合适的训练，他们就不会荡街游路，接受许多人所接受的有害教育了。以明智的方法爱儿女的父母决不会让他们养成懒惰的习惯，不知道如何做家务。无知是不蒙上帝嘉纳的，也不利于做成祂的工。{CT 149.3}[14]
§34
If children have proper home training, they will not be found upon the streets, receiving the haphazard education that so many receive. Parents who love their children in a sensible way will not permit them to grow up with lazy habits and ignorant of how to do home duties. Ignorance is not acceptable to God and is unfavorable for the doing of His work.?{CT 149.3}[14]