第10章 正确的教育
§1
第10章 正确的教育The Right Education
§2
与青年人接触，乃是一种十分细致的工作。我们应当非常关心青年教育，改善教育方法，来唤起人心中的崇高能力。父母和教师，若不先学习自制、忍耐、宽容、温柔和仁爱，就不能正确教育他们。父母、监护人和教师的地位何等重要！但是，认识人心最根本的需要，知道如何指导青年发展知识，提高思想和感情的人，真是寥若晨星。……{CT 73.1}[1]
§3
It is the nicest work ever assumed by men and women to deal with youthful minds. The greatest care should be taken in the education of youth, to vary the manner of instruction so as to call forth the high and noble powers of the mind. Parents and schoolteachers are certainly disqualified to educate children properly if they have not first learned the lessons of self-control, patience, forbearance, gentleness, and love. What an important position for parents, guardians, and teachers! There are very few who realize the most essential wants of the mind, and how to direct the developing intellect, the growing thoughts and feelings of youth....?{CT 73.1}[1]
§4
【儿童的个性】
§5
在家庭或学校中教育儿童，不可以像训练不会说话的牲畜；因为儿童是有理智的，应当受到指导来管理他的一切才能。不会说话的牲畜，是需要驯养的，因为它们没有理智和理性。但人的心智，应受到自制的教导，学会管理自己。牲畜只能由主人管理，要训练它们顺服主人。主人乃是牲畜的意志、心愿和判断。{CT 73.2}[2]
§6
【Individuality in Children】
§7
The education of children, at home or at school, should not be like the training of dumb animals; for children have an intelligent will, which should be directed to control all their powers. Dumb animals need to be trained; for they have not reason and intellect. But the human mind must be taught self-control. It must be educated to rule the human being, while animals are controlled by a master and are trained to be submissive to him. The master is mind, judgment, and will for his beast.?{CT 73.2}[2]
§8
一个儿童也可以像牲畜那样受训练，以致没有自己的意志。他的个性也可以泯灭于训练他的人。他那管理一切才能和意愿的意志，也可以顺服于他教师的意志。凡如此受教的儿童，必缺少魄力和个人责任感。他们没有受到教导，使行动从理智和原则出发。他们的意志受别人控制。他们的心智没有受到激发，并通过运用而得到发展和加强。他们没有受到指导和训练，来掌握自己的个性和才干，以便在需要的时候，发挥他们的特长。{CT 74.1}[3]
§9
A child may be so trained as to have, like the beast, no will of his own. Even his individuality may be merged in the one who superintends his training; his will, to all intents and purposes, is subject to the will of the teacher. Children who are thus educated will ever be deficient in moral energy and individual responsibility. They have not been taught to move from reason and principle; their wills have been controlled by another, and the mind has not been called out, that it might expand and strengthen by exercise. They have not been directed and disciplined with respect to their peculiar constitutions and capabilities of mind, to put forth their strongest powers when required.?{CT 74.1}[3]
§10
教师不可满足于这种境况。他应当特别注意培养儿童较薄弱的才能，使他的一切能力，都得到运用而逐步提高。使他的心智获得应有的发展。{CT 74.2}[4]
§11
Teachers should not stop here, but should give special attention to the cultivation of the weaker faculties, that all the powers may be brought into exercise and carried forward from one degree of strength to another, that the mind may attain due proportions.?{CT 74.2}[4]
§12
【青年软弱的原因】
§13
许多有孩子的家庭，表面看来管理严格，训练有素，但束缚的制度一旦取消，他们就显出思想、行动和自制方面的无能。他们长期受严格的管理，没有在应该自己动脑筋的事上，进行独立思考和行动，敢于按照自己所作的判断来行动，也不敢有自己独立的主张。当他们离开父母独立工作时，很容易因听从别人的判断，而接受错误的引领。他们没有稳固的品格。他们没有在实际中，深入广泛地运用自己的判断力，以致心智得不到适当的发育和加强。他们长久完全受所依赖之父母的绝对控制；父母就是他们的意志和判断力。{CT 74.3}[5]
§14
【Cause of Instability in Youth】
§15
There are many families of children who appear to be well trained while under the training discipline; but when the system which has held them to set rules is broken up, they seem to be incapable of thinking, acting, or deciding for themselves. These children have been so long under iron rule, not allowed to think and act for themselves in those things in which it was highly proper that they should, that they have no confidence in themselves to move out upon their own judgment, having an opinion of their own. And when they go?out from their parents to act for themselves, they are easily led by others’ judgment in the wrong direction. They have not stability of character. They have not been thrown upon their own judgment as fast and as far as practicable, and therefore their minds have not been properly developed and strengthened. They have been so long absolutely controlled by their parents that they rely wholly upon them; their parents are mind and judgment for them.?{CT 74.3}[5]
§16
但反过来说，青年人也不可离开父母和教师的判断，一意孤行。他们应当受教导，尊重有经验之人的判断。要教育他们与教师和父母同心合作，接受父母和教师的劝导。这样，当他们没有人指导时，他们的品格，就不会像随风飘摇的芦苇一样了。……{CT 75.1}[6]
§17
On the other hand, the young should not be left to think and act independently of the judgment of their parents and teachers. Children should be taught to respect experienced judgment. They should be so educated that their minds will be united with the minds of their parents and teachers, and so instructed that they can see the propriety of heeding their counsel. Then when they go forth from the guiding hand, their characters will not be like the reed trembling in the wind....?{CT 75.1}[6]
§18
那些自夸完全控制儿童心灵意志的父母，若能预见这些屈服于武力和威吓之下的儿童将来的生活，就必不再夸口了。这些儿童，几乎完全没有准备好去担负人生严肃的职责。当他们不再受父母教师的管理，而不得不独立思想行动时，就肯定会迷失方向，屈从试探的势力。他们的人生，不能获得成功，他们的宗教生活，也出现同样的亏欠。{CT 75.2}[7]
§19
Those parents and teachers who boast of having complete control of the minds and wills of the children under their care would cease their boastings could they trace out the future lives of the children who are thus brought into subjection by force or through fear. These are almost wholly unprepared to share in the stern responsibilities of life. When these youth are no longer under their parents and teachers, and are compelled to think and act for themselves, they are almost sure to take a wrong course and yield to the power of temptation. They do not make this life a success, and the same deficiencies are seen in their religious life.?{CT 75.2}[7]
§20
青少年的导师，若能看清他们错误训练的后果，就必改变他们的教育方针了。……上帝从来没有计划，让一个人的心受另一个人的完全控制。那些力图使学生的个性泯灭于他，心思、意念、感情都服从于他的人，承担了可怕的责任。这些学生在某种条件下，看来好像训练有素的士兵，但当时过境迁，就显得不能坚持原则，独立行动了。{CT 76.1}[8]
§21
Could the instructors of children and youth have the result of their mistaken discipline mapped out before them, they would change their plan of education.... God never designed that one human mind should be under the complete control of another. And those who make efforts to have the individuality of their pupils merged in themselves, to be mind, will, and conscience for them, assume fearful responsibilities. These scholars may, upon certain occasions, appear like well-drilled soldiers; but when the restraint is removed, there will be seen in them a want of independent action from firm principle.?{CT 76.1}[8]
§22
有人立志教育学生，让他们感觉自己有能力，把自己培养成有坚固的原则，能适应人生各种处境。这样的教师，是最有用和永远成功的。对于一般肤浅的旁观者而言，他们的工作，或许没有显出最好的成绩。他们劳苦的价值，或许看来不如那些以自己的绝对权威控制学生心思意念的教师，然而学生将来的生活，将显明那一种教育方针的成果更好。{CT 76.2}[9]
§23
Those who make it their object so to educate their pupils that they may see and feel that the power lies in themselves to make men and women of firm principle, qualified for any position in life, are the most useful and permanently successful teachers. Their work may not show to the very best advantage to careless observers, and their labors may not be valued as highly as are those of the teacher who holds the minds and wills of his scholars by absolute authority; but the future lives of the pupils will show the fruits of the better plan of education.?{CT 76.2}[9]
§24
父母或教师，在不满意自己与儿女和学生的关系时，若滥用权威，发号施令，就有危险。他们往往过于冷淡，以冷酷无情的态度，维护自己的权威，这样作并不能赢得儿女和学生的心。他们若能把儿女和学生召聚到身边，向他们显示爱心，关心他们的努力和娱乐，有时还要自己作一个孩子与他们同玩，就能使儿童十分快乐，并博得他们的爱戴和信任，儿童就会更快学会尊重，并爱戴他们父母和教师的权威。{CT 76.3}[10]
§25
There is danger that both parents and teachers will command and dictate too much, while they fail to come sufficiently into social relation with their children or scholars. They often hold themselves too much reserved, and exercise their authority in a cold, unsympathizing manner, which cannot win the hearts of their children and pupils. If they would gather the children close to them and show that they love them, and would manifest an interest in all their efforts and even in their sports,?sometimes even being a child among them, they would make the children very happy and would gain their love and win their confidence. And the children would more quickly learn to respect and love the authority of their parents and teachers.?{CT 76.3}[10]
§26
【教师个人的资格】
§27
我们应当视教师的生活习惯和行动原则，比他的学历更为重要。他若是一个真实的基督徒，就必感觉到需要同样地注意学生的身体、心智、道德和灵性的教育。为了发挥正确的影响，他必须有完全的自制。他的态度、言语和举动，都应充满对学生的爱。他应当有坚强的品格，如此他就能塑造学生的心，教导他们科学知识。{CT 77.1}[11]
§28
【Personal Qualifications of the Teacher】
§29
The habits and principles of the teacher should be considered of even greater importance than his literary qualifications. If he is a sincere Christian, he will feel the necessity of having an equal interest in the physical, mental, moral, and spiritual education of his pupils. In order to exert the right influence, he should have perfect control over himself, and his own heart should be richly imbued with love for his pupils, which will be seen in his looks, words, and acts. He should have firmness of character, and then he can mold the minds of his pupils, as well as instruct them in the sciences.?{CT 77.1}[11]
§30
一般说来，青年早期的教育，要塑造他们终生的品格。凡与青年交往的人，务要十分注意启发他们心灵的优点，使他更明白如何使用自己的才能，并把才能用在最好的事业上。{CT 77.2}[12]
§31
The early education of the youth generally shapes their characters for life. Those who deal with the young should be very careful to call out the qualities of the mind, that they may better know how to direct its powers so that they may be exercised to the very best account.?{CT 77.2}[12]
§32
【学校的严格限制】
§33
过去多年来，所推行的教育方式，是有碍于健康，甚至有害于生命的。许多青少年，每天在教室里度过五小时的光阴。这些教室不通风，不够宽敞，不适应学生健康的需要。这种房间的空气，很快就会使呼吸的人肺部受害。那些肌肉肢体还不健壮，智力还不发达的儿童，被关在室内受罪。许多人年纪很小时就开始读书，学校中日复一日的限制，使他们神经衰弱，身患疾病，他们由于精疲力尽而发育不良。{CT 77.3}[13]
§34
【Close Confinement at School】
§35
The system of education carried out for generations back has been destructive to health, and even to life itself. Many young children have passed five hours each day in schoolrooms not properly ventilated, nor sufficiently large for the healthful accommodation of the scholars. The air of such rooms soon becomes poison to the lungs that inhale?it. Little children, whose limbs and muscles are not strong and whose brains are undeveloped, have been kept confined indoors to their injury. Many have but a slight hold on life to begin with, and the confinement in school from day to day makes them nervous and diseased. Their bodies are dwarfed because of the exhausted condition of their nerves.?{CT 77.3}[13]
§36
若是生命的火光熄灭了，教师和父母，仍不会认识到他们对熄灭生命火花的事，负有什么直接责任。当伤心的父母，站在孩子的坟墓旁边望着死者，以为是神意的特别安排时，他们却不知道，正是他们自己毁灭了他们孩子的生命。把孩子的死归因为天意，乃是一种亵渎的行为。上帝希望孩子存活并受教育，使他们能获得优美的品格，在今生荣耀祂，在来生赞美祂。……{CT 78.1}[14]
§37
And if the lamp of life goes out, the parents and teachers do not consider that they had any direct influence in quenching the vital spark. When standing by the graves of their children, the afflicted parents look upon their bereavement as a special dispensation of Providence, when, by inexcusable ignorance, it was their own course that destroyed the lives of their children. To charge their death to Providence is blasphemy. God wanted the little ones to live and be disciplined, that they might have beautiful characters, and glorify Him in this world and praise Him in the better world....?{CT 78.1}[14]
§38
熟悉奇妙的人体器官、骨骼、肌肉、胃、肝、肠、心脏、皮肤的毛孔，认识一个器官和另一个器官，对于整个人体正常运作的互相关系，乃是绝大多数的母亲所没有注意的一门学问。他们一点儿也不知道，身体对于心智，或心智对于身体的影响。他们似乎不知道心智的作用，是把有限的人与无穷的上帝联系起来。人体受造的每一器官，都是为心智服务的，心智乃是全身的首脑。{CT 78.2}[15]
§39
To become acquainted with the wonderful human organism, the bones, muscles, stomach, liver, bowels, heart, and pores of the skin, and to understand the dependence of one organ upon another for the healthful action of all, is a study in which most mothers take no interest. They know nothing of the influence of the body upon the mind, or of the mind upon the body. The mind, which allies the finite to the Infinite, they do not seem to understand. Every organ of the body was made to be servant to the mind. The mind is the capital of the body.?{CT 78.2}[15]
§40
人们如今都允许孩子们吃肉食、香料、奶油、干酪、猪肉、丰腻的糕点，和一般调味品，并在不规则的时辰及二餐之间，吃不利于健康的零食。这些东西干扰肠胃，刺激神经发生反常举动，并使智力衰退。父母们没有认识到，他们正在播下那造成疾病和死亡的种子。{CT 78.3}[16]
§41
Children are allowed to eat flesh meats, spices, butter, cheese, pork, rich pastry, and condiments generally. They?are also allowed to eat of unhealthful food at irregular hours and between meals. These things do their work of deranging the stomach, exciting the nerves to unnatural action, and enfeebling the intellect. Parents do not realize that they are sowing the seed that will bring forth disease and death.?{CT 78.3}[16]
§42
许多儿童由于专心追求知识，就忽视增强体力而毁掉了生命。许多人夭折于童年时代，是由于不智的父母和教师，在他们太年轻、看不清教室里所有东西的时候，就用哄慰和威吓来强迫他们学习。他们的心智不应受到干扰，直至有足够的体力，来从事文化学习。可是这时，他们却负担着各门功课。小孩子应当像羊羔那样，让他们在室外自由奔跑，使他们活泼快乐，让他们用最好的时机，为健康的体格打好基础。{CT 79.1}[17]
§43
Many children have been ruined for life by urging the intellect and neglecting to strengthen the physical powers. Many have died in childhood because of the course pursued by injudicious parents and schoolteachers in forcing their young intellects, by flattery or fear, when they were too young to see the inside of a schoolroom. Their minds have been taxed with lessons when they should not have been called out, but kept back until the physical constitution was strong enough to endure mental effort. Small children should be left as free as lambs to run out of doors, to be free and happy, and should be allowed the most favorable opportunities to lay the foundation for sound constitutions.?{CT 79.1}[17]
§44
【理想的计划】
§45
在儿童八岁或十岁以前，父母应是他唯一的教师。应当按着他们的理解力，在他们面前打开上帝大自然的课本。母亲应少倾心于家庭的摆设、服装和打扮，应培养自己和孩子喜爱美丽的蓓蕾和盛开的花朵。她既引导孩子们注意花朵的各种颜色和形状，就能使他们熟悉那创造一切美丽的东西，使他们心旷神怡的上帝了。她能把他们的心引向创造主，在他们幼小的心灵里，唤起对天父的爱心，因为祂已向他们显示了如此的大爱。父母可以从上帝所造的万物联想到祂。{CT 79.2}[18]
§46
【The Ideal Plan】
§47
Parents should be the only teachers of their children until they have reached eight or ten years of age. As fast as their minds can comprehend it, the parents should open before them God’s great book of nature. The mother should have less love for the artificial in her house and in the preparation of her dress for display, and should take time to cultivate, in herself and in her children, a love for the beautiful buds and opening flowers. By calling the attention of her children to the different colors and variety?of forms, she can make them acquainted with God, who made all the beautiful things which attract and delight them. She can lead their minds up to their Creator, and awaken in their young hearts a love for their heavenly Father, who has manifested so great love for them. Parents can associate God with all His created works.?{CT 79.2}[18]
§48
儿童八岁或十岁以前的唯一课堂，应当在露天盛开的花卉和自然的美景之中。他们最熟悉的课本，应是自然界的宝藏。在自然界美丽动人的景色中，这些教训留在孩子的心中，是决不会轻易忘记的。……{CT 80.1}[19]
§49
The only schoolroom for children until eight or ten years of age should be in the open air, amid the opening flowers and nature’s beautiful scenery, and their most familiar textbook the treasures of nature. These lessons, imprinted upon the minds of young children amid the pleasant, attractive scenes of nature, will not be soon forgotten....?{CT 80.1}[19]
§50
在儿童早期的教育中，许多父母和教师不明白需要对儿童的体格加以最充分的注意，使他们获得身体和心智的健康。父母往往在孩子年幼仍然需要母亲照顾的时候，就鼓励他们上学。这些孩子在很小的时候，就被挤进空气混杂的教室中，在那里他们坐在制作粗劣的板凳上，条件极差，结果幼小软弱的体格受到了损害。{CT 80.2}[20]
§51
In the early education of children, many parents and teachers fail to understand that the greatest attention needs to be given to the physical constitution, that a healthy condition of body and mind may be secured. It has been the custom to encourage children to attend school when they were mere babes needing a mother’s care. When of a delicate age, they are frequently crowded into ill-ventilated schoolrooms, where they sit in wrong positions upon poorly constructed benches, and as a result the young and tender frames of some have become deformed.?{CT 80.2}[20]
§52
青年的性格和习惯，大半要在成年后表现出来。你可以把一株树弯成你所要的形状，如果它得以存活，并按你所弯的形状成长，它就会成为一株畸形的树，时时见证你的手，加在它身上的损伤和暴力。过了几年以后，你也许想弄直它，但你花尽一切力量，也无济于事。它永远是一株弯树。{CT 80.3}[21]
§53
The disposition and habits of youth will be very likely to be manifested in mature manhood. You may bend a young tree into almost any shape that you choose, and if it remains and grows as you have bent it, it will be a deformed tree, and will ever tell of the injury and abuse received at your hands. You may, after it has had years?of growth, try to straighten the tree, but all efforts will prove unavailing. It will ever be a crooked tree.?{CT 80.3}[21]
§54
青年的心灵也是这样，他们应当在童年受到细心和温柔的培养。他们受训练的方向，可能是正确的，也可能是错误的。他们将来的生活所遵行的方向，必是他们在青年时代所受的指导。青年时所养成的习惯，必随年龄而增长，随着体力而加强。……{CT 81.1}[22]
§55
This is the case with the minds of youth. They should be carefully and tenderly trained in childhood. They may be trained in the right direction or in the wrong, and in their future lives they will pursue the course in which they were directed in youth. The habits formed in youth will grow with the growth and strengthen with the strength....?{CT 81.1}[22]
§56
【体力的退化】
§57
人类从创造主手中出来的时候，赋有完备和荣美的身材，充满生命的活力。在人败坏了食欲，放纵了情欲，普遍干犯健康定律一千多年之后，他们身上才觉察到其负面影响。越到近代，软弱和疾病的压力，就越为紧迫和沉重。由于放纵食欲和情欲，生命的活力，已经大大削弱了。……干犯健康定律，及其使人类受苦的后果，已长久蔓延，甚至人们把现今疾病、痛苦、虚弱和早夭的情形，看作是人类应该有的情况。……{CT 81.2}[23]
§58
【Physical Degeneracy】
§59
Man came from the hand of his Creator perfect and beautiful in form, and so filled with vital force that it was more than a thousand years before his corrupt appetites and passions and general violations of physical law were sensibly felt upon the race. More recent generations have felt the pressure of infirmity and disease more rapidly and heavily with every generation. The vital forces have been greatly weakened by the indulgence of appetite and lustful passion.... The violation of physical law, and the consequence,—human suffering,—have so long prevailed that men and women look upon the present state of sickness, suffering, debility, and premature death as the appointed lot of humanity....?{CT 81.2}[23]
§60
当今世代，那种疏忽生命健康的定律和原则的现象是惊人的。绝大多数人所追求的，乃是我要吃什么？我要喝什么？由于人类没有度顺从健康之律的生活，并以此作为自己的本分，他们的道德律就薄弱了。……大多数人对于自身健康的定律，一无所知。他们放纵食欲和情欲，摧残自己的理智和道德，似乎甘心永不理会他忽视自然定律的后果。他们放纵食欲，服用慢性毒品。这些东西使血液中毒，神经麻木，结果给他们带来疾病和死亡。……{CT 81.3}[24]
§61
The strange absence of principle which characterizes this generation, and which is shown in their disregard of the laws of life and health, is astonishing.... With the majority the principal anxiety is, What shall I eat? what shall I drink? and wherewithal shall I be clothed? ... The moral powers are weakened because men and?women will not live in obedience to the laws of health and make this great subject a personal duty.... The majority ... remain in ignorance of the laws of their being, and indulge appetite and passion at the expense of intellect and morals; and they seem willing to remain in ignorance of the result of their violation of nature’s laws. They indulge the depraved appetite in the use of slow poisons, which corrupt the blood and undermine the nervous force, and in consequence bring upon themselves sickness and death....?{CT 81.3}[24]
§62
【家庭训练的重要性】
§63
造成这种悲剧的一个很大的原因，就是父母没有认识到自己有责任，要帮助孩子遵从健康的定律。母亲溺爱自己的儿女，把他们当作小偶像服侍，明知不利于健康，仍让他们放纵食欲，以致给他们带来疾病和痛苦。这种残忍的爱心，在现代到处流行。母亲们觉得，立时满足孩子的欲望，要比听他们叫唤容易得多。他们的愿望是满足了，但他们的健康和愉快的性情，却受到了损害。母亲们如此所撒出的种子，一定会生长结实。{CT 82.1}[25]
§64
【Importance of Home Training】
§65
One great cause of the existing deplorable state of things is that parents do not feel under obligation to bring up their children to conform to physical law. Mothers love their children with an idolatrous love and indulge their appetite when they know that it will injure their health and thereby bring upon them disease and unhappiness. This cruel kindness is manifested to a great extent in the present generation. The desires of children are gratified at the expense of health and happy tempers, because it is easier for the mother, for the time being, to gratify them than to withhold that for which they clamor. Thus mothers are sowing the seed that will spring up and bear fruit.?{CT 82.1}[25]
§66
由于人们没有教育孩子们克服食欲、克制私欲，他们就变得自私、苛刻、悖逆、无情和不圣洁。这样，作母亲的必痛苦地收割自己所栽种的。他们得罪了天，也得罪了自己的儿女，上帝必要与他们算帐。{CT 82.2}[26]
§67
The children are not educated to deny their appetites and restrict their desires, and they become selfish, exacting, disobedient, unthankful, unholy. Mothers who are doing this work will reap with bitterness the fruit of the seed they have sown. They have sinned against Heaven and against their children, and God will hold them accountable.?{CT 82.2}[26]
§68
过去世代的教育，若遵循另一种完全与此不同的方针，则现代的青年，就不会如此腐败无能。学校的领导和教师，应当是一班懂得生理学的人。他们不仅要重视青年的文化教育，而且要重视教育他们如何保持健康，使他们掌握知识后，充分的运用它。……{CT 83.1}[27]
§69
Had education for generations back been conducted upon an altogether different plan, the youth of this generation would not now be so depraved and worthless. The managers and teachers of schools should have been those who understood physiology, and who had an interest, not only to educate the youth in the sciences, but teach them how to preserve health, so that they might use their knowledge to the best account after they had obtained it....?{CT 83.1}[27]
§70
【劳动和娱乐得到调济】
§71
为了使儿童和青少年健康、快乐、活泼、使肌肉和智力得到良好的发展，应当让他们常到户外去。要妥善地调济劳动和娱乐。青少年若关在教室，限制在书本上，就不会有强壮的体格。只用脑子学习，却没有相应的体育锻炼，就会把血液都吸引到大脑上。血液在身体里的循环不均衡，大脑的血液太多，而四肢的血液就减少了。应当有规律地让青少年，在一定的时间学习，另一部分的时间，应从事体力劳动。他们吃穿和睡觉的习惯，若符合健康的定律，他们所受的教育，就不会牺牲身体和心智的健康了。……{CT 83.2}[28]
§72
【Regulation of Employment and Amusement】
§73
In order for children and youth to have health, cheerfulness, vivacity, and well-developed muscles and brains, they should be much in the open air, and have well-regulated employment and amusement. Children and youth who are kept at school and confined to books cannot have sound physical constitutions. The exercise of the brain in study, without corresponding physical exercise, has a tendency to attract the blood to the brain, and the circulation of the blood through the system becomes unbalanced. The brain has too much blood, and the extremities too little. There should be rules regulating the studies of children and youth to certain hours, and then a portion of their time should be spent in physical labor. And if their habits of eating, dressing, and sleeping are in accordance with physical law, they can obtain an education without sacrificing physical and mental health....?{CT 83.2}[28]
§74
学校当建立能进行各种劳动的场所，使学生在课外从事劳动和必要的锻炼。学生的劳动和娱乐，要按生理的规律来安排，并适合于保持身心和一切才能的健康。这样，在他们接受文化教育的同时，也获得了劳动的实际知识。{CT 83.3}[29]
§75
There should have been connected with the schools, establishments for carrying on various branches of labor, that the students might have employment and the necessary exercise out of school hours. The students’?employment and amusements should have been regulated with reference to physical law, and should have been adapted to preserve to them the healthy tone of all the powers of body and mind. Then a practical knowledge of business could have been obtained while their literary education was being gained.?{CT 83.3}[29]
§76
我们若能唤起学生的道义感，使他们看见并感觉到社会所赋予他们的责任，以致度一种顺从自然定律的生活，就能借着这种生活方式和影响，教训和榜样对社会有利，为人类造福。应当使青年人懂得，每一个人无论如何都对社会有所影响。这种影响或者是高尚有益的，或者是卑劣有害的。青年的第一项功课是认识自己，以及如何保持自己身体的健康。{CT 84.1}[30]
§77
Students at school should have had their moral sensibilities aroused to see and feel that society has claims upon them, and that they should live in obedience to natural law, so that they can, by their existence and influence, by precept and example, be an advantage and blessing to society. It should be impressed upon the youth that all have an influence that is constantly telling upon society, to improve and elevate, or to lower and debase. The first study of the young should be to know themselves and how to keep their bodies in health.?{CT 84.1}[30]
§78
【不停读书的后果】
§79
许多父母把孩子终年关在学校里。这些孩子机械地完成学习作业，却不能掌握所学的东西。在这些死读书的学生中，许多人却似乎智力很差。这种单调的学习持续下去，会使学生心灵疲乏，对功课不感兴趣，并以用功读书为痛苦的事。他们并不真心喜爱思考问题，渴望掌握知识。他们不会使自己养成思考和研究的习惯。{CT 84.2}[31]
§80
【Result of Continued Application】
§81
Many parents keep their children at school nearly the year round. These children go through the routine of study mechanically, but do not retain that which they learn. Many of these constant students seem almost destitute of intellectual life. The monotony of continual study wearies the mind, and they take but little interest in their lessons; and to many the application to books becomes painful. They have not an inward love of thought and an ambition to acquire knowledge. They do not encourage in themselves habits of reflection and investigation.?{CT 84.2}[31]
§82
为了使儿童在世上成为有用的人，他们十分需要正确的教育。但是，任何重视文化知识超过道德训练的作法，都是错误的。父母和教师，应当以教育、培养、造就，提高青少年为他们主要的任务。严谨的理论家，和善于推理的思想家现在很少。因为虚假的影响妨碍了知识的发展。父母和教师所认为不停学习就会增强智力的看法是错误的，结果往往适得其反。……{CT 84.3}[32]
§83
Children are in great need of proper education in order that they may be of use in the world. But any effort that?exalts intellectual culture above moral training is misdirected. Instructing, cultivating, polishing, and refining the youth and children should be the main burden of both parents and teachers. Close reasoners and logical thinkers are few, for the reason that false influences have checked the development of the intellect. The supposition of parents and teachers that continued study would strengthen the intellect has proved erroneous; for in many cases it has had the opposite effect....?{CT 84.3}[32]
§84
我们所处的时代，凡物几乎都是讲求外表，很少人有稳固坚强的品格。因为儿童从摇篮起，所受的教育和训练是虚浮的。他们的品格是建造在沙土上的。在他们的品格中，并没有塑造舍已和自制，他们一贯受到宠爱和纵容，以至不会应付实际生活。……{CT 85.1}[33]
§85
We are living in an age when almost everything is superficial. There is but little stability and firmness of character, because the training and education of children from their cradle is superficial. Their characters are built upon sliding sand. Self-denial and self-control have not been molded into their characters. They have been petted and indulged until they are spoiled for practical life....?{CT 85.1}[33]
§86
应当教育和训练儿童，使他们知道，他们定会遭遇试探、困难和危险的。要教导他们管理自己并坚决战胜困难。如果他们不任意踏入险境，不必要地置身于试探的道路中；如果他们能避邪恶的影响，和败坏的社交，与危险的伴侣同流合污，他们就会有坚强的品格，维护正义，坚持原则，并带着上帝的大能，和他们自己纯洁的道德站出来。我们若正确地教育青年人依靠上帝，他们的道德力，就能经得起最严峻的考验。---《教会证言》卷三131-144页{CT 85.2}[34]
§87
Children should be so trained and educated that they will expect temptations, and calculate to meet difficulties and dangers. They should be taught to have control over themselves, and nobly to overcome difficulties; and if they do not willfully rush into danger, and needlessly place themselves in the way of temptation, if they shun evil influences and vicious society, and then are unavoidably compelled to be in dangerous company, they will have strength of character to stand for the right and to preserve principle, and come forth in the strength of God with their morals untainted. If youth who have been properly educated make God their trust, their moral powers will stand the most powerful test.—Testimonies for the Church 3:131-144.?{CT 85.2}[34]