第06章 教育的主要目的
§1
第06章 教育的主要目的
§2
The Primal Object of Education
§3
许多人由于误会了教育的真性质和宗旨，而犯了严重甚至是致命的错误。这种错误的产生，是由于在追求文化教育的时候，忽略了心理的规律和原则的建立；在追求属世的利益时，忽略了永恒的利益。{CT 49.1}[1]
§4
By a misconception of the true nature and object of education, many have been led into serious and even fatal errors. Such a mistake is made when the regulation of the heart or the establishment of principles is neglected in the effort to secure intellectual culture, or when eternal interests are overlooked in the eager desire for temporal advantage.?{CT 49.1}[1]
§5
我们若以追求属世的尊荣和财富为主要动机，就不配作基督宝血所救赎的人。我们所得的智慧和知识，应使我们成为更好的基督徒，得到更大的才干，更忠心地事奉创造主，并用我们的榜样和影响，使别人也荣耀上帝。这是真正现实的工作，不仅表现在言语上，而且表现在行为上。我们心中的感情和一生的服务，都应奉献给上帝。{CT 49.2}[2]
§6
To make the possession of worldly honor or riches our ruling motive is unworthy of one who has been redeemed by the blood of Christ. It should rather be our aim to gain knowledge and wisdom that we may become better Christians, and be prepared for greater usefulness, rendering more faithful service to our Creator, and by our example and influence leading others also to glorify God. Here is something real, something tangible—not only words, but deeds. Not only the affections of the heart, but the service of the life, must be devoted to our Maker.?{CT 49.2}[2]
§7
【一个完全的模范】
§8
使人与上帝和好，提高他的品格，重新反映创造主的形像，这是人生一切教育和训练的伟大宗旨。这项工作十分重要，为此救主离开天庭，亲自降世，教导人如何度更高贵的人生。祂在人间作人三十多年，经历了童年、青年和成年；祂经受了最严峻的试炼，为祂所教导的真理提供了活的例证。祂奉上帝差遣作教师教训人类达三年半之久，然后，祂把这项工作交给祂所拣选的同工，就升到天上去了。但祂对这工作的关心，并没有减少。祂从天庭中以最深切的关怀，注视着祂曾为之舍生之事业的发展。{CT 49.3}[3]
§9
【The One Perfect Pattern】
§10
To bring man back into harmony with God, so to elevate and ennoble his moral nature that he may again reflect the image of the Creator, is the great purpose of all the education and discipline of life. So important was this work that the Saviour left the courts of heaven and came in person to this earth, that He might teach men how to obtain a fitness for the higher life. For thirty years He dwelt as a man among men, passed through the experiences of human life as a child, a youth, a man; He?endured the severest trials that He might present a living illustration of the truths He taught. For three years as a teacher sent from God He instructed the children of men; then, leaving the work to chosen colaborers, He ascended to heaven. But His interest in it has not abated. From the courts above He watches with the deepest solicitude the progress of the cause for which He gave His life.?{CT 49.3}[3]
§11
基督的品德，是我们所当效法的完全模范。悔改、信靠、顺服、献身，乃是上帝规定完成这项工作的条件。认识这项上帝所设立的计划，应当成为我们首要的学科。接受祂的要求，应作为我们努力的主要方向。{CT 50.1}[4]
§12
The character of Christ is the one perfect pattern which we are to copy. Repentance and faith, the surrender of the will, and the consecration of the affections to God are the means appointed for the accomplishment of this work. To obtain a knowledge of this divinely ordained plan should be our first study; to comply with its requirements, our first effort.?{CT 50.1}[4]
§13
所罗门说：“敬畏耶和华，是智慧的开端”（箴9:10）。论到这种智慧的价值和重要性，他写道：“智慧为首，所以要得智慧；在你一切所得之内，必得聪明”(箴4:7)。“因为得智慧胜过得银子，其利益强如精金，比珍珠宝贵，你一切所喜爱的，都不足与比较”（箴3:14,15）。{CT 50.2}[5]
§14
Solomon declares that “the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom.”?Proverbs 9:10. Concerning the value and importance of this wisdom, he writes: “Wisdom is the principal thing; therefore get wisdom: and with all thy getting get understanding.”?Proverbs 4:7. “For the merchandise of it is better than the merchandise of silver, and the gain thereof than fine gold. She is more precious than rubies: and all the things thou canst desire are not to be compared unto her.”?Proverbs 3:14, 15.?{CT 50.2}[5]
§15
【基督的学校】
§16
凡在属世学校中殷勤寻求智慧的人，应当记得另有一所学校，也要他作学生。基督是人类有史以来最伟大的教师。祂直接从天国把知识带给人类。祂所赐给我们的教训，是我们今生和来生所需要的。祂把人生的真正目的，摆在我们面前，告诉我们如何实现这些目的。{CT 50.3}[6]
§17
【The School of Christ】
§18
He who is seeking with diligence to acquire the wisdom of human schools should remember that another school also claims him as a student. Christ was the greatest teacher the world ever saw. He brought to man knowledge direct from heaven. The lessons which He?has given us are what we need for both the present and the future state. He sets before us the true aims of life, and how we may secure them.?{CT 50.3}[6]
§19
基督学校中的学生，是永远不会毕业的。在学生中有青年，也有老年人。凡听从神圣教师训诲的人，必在智慧、风度和高尚的心志方面，不断长进。他们就是这样准备进入那更高的学校，在那里必继续前进，直到永远。{CT 51.1}[7]
§20
In the school of Christ, students are never graduated. Among the pupils are both old and young. Those who give heed to the instructions of the divine Teacher constantly advance in wisdom, refinement, and nobility of soul, and thus they are prepared to enter that higher school where advancement will continue throughout eternity.?{CT 51.1}[7]
§21
无穷智慧的主，把人生的重大课题摆在我们面前──就是有关本分和幸福的课题。这些课题往往是难以学习的，但没有这些课题，就不会有真正的进步。这些课题，可能要我们付出劳苦、泪水，甚至是痛苦的代价。但我们切不可畏缩或灰心，因为我们终必听见夫子的呼召：“孩子，起来往高处去。”{CT 51.2}[8]
§22
Infinite Wisdom sets before us the great lessons of life—lessons of duty and happiness. These are often hard to learn, but without them we can make no real progress. They may cost us effort and tears, and even agony, but we must not falter or grow weary. We shall at last hear the Master’s call, “Child, come up higher.”?{CT 51.2}[8]
§23
我们也必须在这个世界，和世界的试炼试探之中，为自己争取进入圣洁纯全社会的资格。那些醉心于次要的功课，而停止在基督的学校中学习的人，正在蒙受无限的损失。他们由于拒绝了神圣教师恩惠的供给，而侮辱了祂。他们越偏行己路，他们在罪中就陷得越深。他们的结局，必与他们所藐视之福分的无限价值相称。{CT 51.3}[9]
§24
It is in this world, amid its trials and temptations, that we are to gain a fitness for the society of the pure and holy. Those who become so absorbed in less important studies that they cease to learn in the school of Christ are meeting with infinite loss. They insult the divine Teacher by the rejection of the provisions of His grace. The longer they continue in their course, the more hardened they are in sin. Their retribution will be proportioned to the infinite value of the blessings they have spurned.?{CT 51.3}[9]
§25
在基督宗教中，有一种改变整个生活的再生能力，能使人摆脱败坏而卑劣的恶习，把人的心思意念，提向上帝和天国。藉着与无穷的上帝联络，人就能获得上帝的性情。恶者的暗箭就不能伤害他，因为他已披上基督公义的全副军装。{CT 51.4}[10]
§26
In the religion of Christ there is a regenerating influence that transforms the entire being, lifting man above every debasing, groveling vice, and raising the thoughts and desires toward God and heaven. Linked to the Infinite One, man is made partaker of the divine?nature. Upon him the shafts of evil have no effect; for he is clothed with the panoply of Christ’s righteousness.?{CT 51.4}[10]
§27
创造主所赐给人类的每一才能，都应用来荣耀祂。如此，这些才能就得到了最纯全、最圣洁、最快乐的运用。人若坚守宗教的原则，那么他在接受知识和文化教育中每前进一步，就会在人类与上帝合一，有限者与无限者合一的道路上前进一步。{CT 52.1}[11]
§28
Every faculty, every attribute, with which the Creator has endowed the children of men is to be employed for His glory; and in this employment is found its purest, holiest, happiest exercise. While religious principle is held paramount, every advance step taken in the acquirement of knowledge or in the culture of the intellect is a step toward the assimilation of the human with the Divine, the finite with the Infinite.?{CT 52.1}[11]
§29
【以圣经为导师】
§30
作为一个教育者，圣经是无与伦比的。它是人间最古老最全面的史书。它从永恒真理之泉发源。上帝的圣手，在各世代中保守它的纯正。它照亮了人类的研究所无法追溯的远古。只有在上帝的话中，我们才能看到那坚立大地根基，铺张穹苍的能力。只有在这里，我们才能看见列国起源的可靠记载。只有圣经才能提供那没有被人的骄傲和偏见所沾染的人类史。{CT 52.2}[12]
§31
【The Bible as an Educator】
§32
As an educator, the Holy Scriptures are without a rival. The Bible is the most ancient and the most comprehensive history that men possess. It came fresh from the Fountain of eternal truth, and throughout the ages a divine hand has preserved its purity. It lights up the far-distant past, where human research seeks in vain to penetrate. In God’s word only do we behold the power that laid the foundations of the earth and that stretched out the heavens. Here only do we find an authentic account of the origin of nations. Here only is given a history of our race unsullied by human pride or prejudice.?{CT 52.2}[12]
§33
人可以从上帝的话中，找到许多题旨，来操练最深的思想，并启发最高的愿望。从这里我们可以与先祖与先知交往，听见永生上帝向人说话的声音。从圣经中，我们可以看见天上的君王，如何屈身降卑，成为我们的替身和中保，与黑暗的势力孤军奋战，并为我们得了胜。应当恭敬的默想这些题目，因为他们能熔化、洁净、提高人的心灵，并以新的力量，鼓舞人的心智。{CT 52.3}[13]
§34
In the word of God the mind finds subjects for the deepest thought, the loftiest aspirations. Here we may hold communion with patriarchs and prophets, and listen to the voice of the Eternal as He speaks with men. Here we behold the Majesty of heaven as He humbled Himself to become our substitute and surety, to cope singlehanded with the powers of darkness and to gain the victory in our?behalf. A reverent contemplation of such themes as these cannot fail to soften, purify, and ennoble the heart, and at the same time to inspire the mind with new strength and vigor.?{CT 52.3}[13]
§35
那些以轻蔑和漠视的态度对待上帝的要求，而自以为大胆勇敢的人，正显出他们的愚昧和无知。正当他们自夸自由和独立时，他们却受着罪恶和撒但的奴役。{CT 53.1}[14]
§36
Those who regard it as brave and manly to treat the claims of God with indifference and contempt are thereby betraying their own folly and ignorance. While they boast their freedom and independence, they are really in bondage to sin and Satan.?{CT 53.1}[14]
§37
人若清楚认识上帝以及他对我们的要求，就必产生真实的谦卑。凡正确研究圣经的人，必认识到到人类的智能，并不是万能的。他必看出，若没有那唯有上帝才能赐予的帮助，人的强壮和智慧，都只是软弱和无知。{CT 53.2}[15]
§38
A clear conception of what God is and what He requires us to be will lead to wholesome humility. He who studies aright the Sacred Word will learn that human intellect is not omnipotent. He will learn that without the help which none but God can give, human strength and wisdom are but weakness and ignorance.?{CT 53.2}[15]
§39
顺从上帝引导的人，已经找到救恩和真幸福的唯一源头，并获得力量，将快乐带给周围之人。没有人能离开宗教而度真正快乐的人生。爱上帝的心，能洁净和提高人的每一个经验和愿望，加强人的爱情，并光照每一个良好的愿望，使人能欣赏一切真、善、美的事物。{CT 53.3}[16]
§40
He who is following the divine guidance has found the only true source of saving grace and real happiness, and has gained the power of imparting happiness to all around him. No man can really enjoy life without religion. Love to God purifies and ennobles every taste and desire, intensifies every affection, and brightens every worthy pleasure. It enables men to appreciate and enjoy all that is true, and good, and beautiful.?{CT 53.3}[16]
§41
我们珍视圣经，还有一个高于一切的原因，就是它向人显示了上帝的旨意。我们可以从其中，学到我们被造的目的，和实现这个目标的方法，并可学得如何聪明地度过今生，如何承受永生。任何其他的书，都不能解决人们心中的疑问，也不能满足心灵的愿望。藉着熟悉上帝的话，并加以重视，人就能从堕落的深渊中超升出来，成为上帝的儿子。{CT 53.4}[17]
§42
But that which above all other considerations should lead us to prize the Bible is that in it is revealed to men the will of God. Here we learn the object of our creation and the means by which that object may be attained. We learn how to improve wisely the present life and how to secure the future life. No other book can satisfy the questionings of the mind or the cravings of the heart. By?obtaining a knowledge of God’s word and giving heed thereto, men may rise from the lowest depths of degradation to become the sons of God, the associates of sinless angels.?{CT 53.4}[17]
§43
【自然界的教训】
§44
对于那些已经学会与上帝交通的人，大自然的各种景象中，也有许多有关上帝智慧的教训。当初在清明的光辉中，向伊甸园第一对夫妇所展开的课本，如今蒙上一层阴影。衰残临到了美丽的受造之物。但不论我们转向何方，我们仍能看见原始美景的遗迹，听见上帝的声音，并看到他的创作。{CT 54.1}[18]
§45
【Lessons From Nature】
§46
In the varied scenes of nature also are lessons of divine wisdom for all who have learned to commune with God. The pages that opened in undimmed brightness to the gaze of the first pair in Eden bear now a shadow. A blight has fallen upon the fair creation. And yet, wherever we turn, we see traces of the primal loveliness; wherever we turn, we hear the voice of God and behold His handiwork.?{CT 54.1}[18]
§47
从隆隆的雷声，不住咆哮的海洋，到林间婉转的歌唱，自然界千万声音，一齐赞美上帝。在大地、在海洋、在太空，万物奇光异彩，千变万化，争艳斗美，我们可以从中瞻仰上帝的荣耀。长久以来，高山述说他的权能，树木挥动翠绿的繁枝，百花披着艳丽的新装，都在指出创造它们的主。褐色的大地铺上嫩绿的草坪，说明上帝对他最小的创造物所有的关怀。海的洞穴，地的深渊，蕴藏着他的财宝。那一位把珍珠安放在海洋中，将紫石英和橄榄石隐藏在岩石中的上帝是爱美的。在穹苍中升起的太阳，代表那作为一切受造之物的生命和亮光的上帝。装饰在大地，显示在诸天的一切荣耀和美丽，都在述说上帝。{CT 54.2}[19]
§48
From the solemn roll of the deep-toned thunder and old ocean’s ceaseless roar, to the glad songs that make the forests vocal with melody, nature’s ten thousand voices speak His praise. In earth and sea and sky, with their marvelous tint and color, varying in gorgeous contrast or blended in harmony, we behold His glory. The everlasting hills tell of His power. The trees that wave their green banners in the sunlight and the flowers in their delicate beauty point to their Creator. The living green that carpets the brown earth tells of God’s care for the humblest of His creatures. The caves of the sea and the depths of the earth reveal His treasures. He who placed the pearls in the ocean and the amethyst and chrysolite among the rocks is a lover of the beautiful. The sun rising in the heavens is a representative of Him who is the life and light of all that He has made. All the brightness and beauty that adorn the earth and light up the heavens speak of God.?{CT 54.2}[19]
§49
我们既享受了主的恩赐，岂能忘记这位施恩者？这一切都应使我们深思他的良善和慈爱。我们地上家乡的一切华美，都应使我们想到在天上家乡中水晶般的河流，碧绿般的田野，摇戈生姿的树木，活水的泉源，辉煌的城邑和身穿白衣的歌咏队。那个地方的华美，是笔墨所难以描写，言语所无法形容的。“上帝为爱他的人所预备的，是眼睛未曾看见；耳朵未曾听见；人心也未曾想到的”（林前2;9）。{CT 55.1}[20]
§50
Shall we, then, in the enjoyment of His gifts, forget the Giver? Let them rather lead us to contemplate His goodness and His love. Let all that is beautiful in our earthly home remind us of the crystal river and green fields, the waving trees and living fountains, the shining city and the white-robed singers, of our heavenly home—that world of beauty which no artist can picture, no mortal tongue describe. “Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered into the heart of man, the things which God hath prepared for them that love Him.”?1 Corinthians 2:9.?{CT 55.1}[20]
§51
永远住在这蒙福者的家乡，在灵、智、体方面，不再留有罪恶和咒诅的黑暗痕迹，却带有创造主的完全形像，千秋万代。在智慧和知识及圣洁方面的提高，还要永远探究新的思想领域，发现新的奇迹和新的荣耀，增加见识，欣赏和仁爱的能力，并认识到还有我们所追求不尽的无限喜乐、慈爱和智慧——这就是基督徒盼望的目标，是基督教育所预备人们去承受的一切。接受这种教育，并帮助别人获得，这应成为基督徒生活的目标。{CT 55.2}[21]
§52
To dwell forever in this home of the blest, to bear in soul, body, and spirit, not the dark traces of sin and the curse, but the perfect likeness of our Creator, and through ceaseless ages to advance in wisdom, in knowledge, and in holiness, ever exploring new fields of thought, ever finding new wonders and new glories, ever increasing in capacity to know and to enjoy and to love, and knowing that there is still beyond us joy and love and wisdom infinite—such is the object to which the Christian’s hope is pointing, for which Christian education is preparing. To secure this education, and to aid others to secure it, should be the object of the Christian’s life.?{CT 55.2}[21]
§53
让我们永远不忘记耶稣是喜乐的泉源，祂并不希望人类受苦，而希望看见他们幸福。{CT 55.3}[22]
§54
Let us never lose sight of the fact that Jesus is a wellspring of joy. He does not delight in the misery of human beings, but loves to see them happy.?{CT 55.3}[22]