吃肉
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吃肉Meat Eating1896年11月5日写于库兰邦，森尼赛德
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Sunnyside, Cooranbong,Nov. 5, 1896.
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亲爱的马克森弟兄和姐妹：
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Dear Brother and Sister Maxson,
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我收到了8月12日的来信，写给你们很长时间了，但我决定把我已经寄给你们的信寄给你们，扣留我现在寄给你们的信。你无法理解如果你愿意遵循已经赐给你的亮光，你在宗教利益上的服务就会多么更加有效，你对自己也会多么更加满意。但你性格的一个方面是努力坚持自己的想法，如果可能的话，就把它们付诸实践。我们每一个人的灵魂都处在危险之中，如果我们拒绝亮光，黑暗就会降临到所有的人身上。我们从未提议建立疗养院，让它们按与其它机构几乎一样的惯例运行。如果我们没有一个疗养院在许多事情上与其它机构截然相反，我们就看不到任何收获。难道我们的食欲、习惯和做法要具有那种等次，竟教育那些与你联络的人找借口，与你为了放纵自己吃动物的肉而找的借口相似吗？{SpM 45.2}
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I have had the letter of August 12, written to you for a long time, but I decided to send that which I have already sent you, withholding that which I now send. You cannot understand how much more effectual your services in the religious interest would be, and how much more satisfactory to yourself, if you would follow the light which has been given you. But it is a phase of your character to strenuously hold to your own ideas, and if possible, carry them out. Every soul of us is in danger, and if we refuse the light, darkness will come upon all. We never proposed to establish sanitariums to have them run in nearly the same grooves as other institutions. If we do not have a sanitarium which is in many things decidedly contrary to other institutions, we can see nothing gained. Shall our appetites, habits, and practices be of that order that you will educate those who are connected with you to make excuses similar to those you have made for the indulgence of eating the flesh of animals??{SpM 45.2}
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上帝希望祂的子民恢复到采用水果、蔬菜和谷物等简单的食物。祂曾引导以色列人进入旷野，他们在那里得不到肉食，而祂则把天上的粮赐给他们。“各人吃大能者的食物”（诗78:25）。可是他们依恋埃及的肉锅，吵着要吃肉，尽管主已应许过，如果他们顺从祂的旨意，祂就会领他们进入迦南地，在那里建立他们，使他们成为纯净、圣洁、幸福的民族，所有的支派没有一个是软弱的，因为祂会除去他们中间一切的疾病。可是虽然他们有明确的“耶和华如此说”作为指导，却仍伤心哭泣，牢骚抱怨，“耶和华听见了就怒气发作，使火在他们中间焚烧，直烧到营的边界。百姓向摩西哀求，摩西祈求耶和华，火就熄了。那地方便叫作他备拉，因为耶和华的火烧在他们中间。他们中间的闲杂人大起贪欲的心。以色列人又哭号说，谁给我们肉吃呢？我们记得，在埃及的时候不花钱就吃鱼，也记得有黄瓜，西瓜，韭菜，葱，蒜。现在我们的心血枯竭了，除这吗哪以外，在我们眼前并没有别的东西”（民11:1-6）。因为他们执意要吃死畜的肉，主就给他们祂已撤回的饮食了。{SpM 45.3}
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The Lord intends to bring His people back to live upon simple fruits, vegetables, and grains. He led the children of Israel into the wilderness where they could not get a flesh diet; and He gave them bread from heaven. Man did eat angel’s food. But they craved the flesh pots of Egypt, and mourned and cried for flesh, notwithstanding that the Lord had proposed?that if they would submit to His will, He would carry them into the land of Canaan, and establish them there, a pure, holy, happy people, and there would not be a feeble one in all their habitations, for He would take away all sickness from among them. But although they had a plain “thus saith the Lord,” they mourned, and wept, and murmured, and complained, until the Lord was wroth with them. Because they were so determined to have the flesh of dead animals, He gave them the very diet He had withheld from them. “And when the people complained, it displeased the Lord; and the Lord heard it; and his anger was kindled; and the fire of the Lord burnt among them, and consumed them that were in the uttermost parts of the camp, and the people cried unto Moses; and when Moses prayed unto the Lord, the fire was quenched. And he called the name of the place Taberah, because the fire of the Lord burnt among them. And the mixed multitude that was among them fell a lusting and the children of Israel also wept again, and said, Who shall give us flesh to eat? We remember the fish we did eat in Egypt so freely; and the cucumbers, and the melons, and the leeks, and the onions, and the garlic. But now our soul is dried away; and there is nothing at all besides this manna before our eyes.”?{SpM 45.3}
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如果肉对他们的健康必不可少的话，主早就赐给他们吃了，可是祂既创造和救赎了他们，就要引导他们走过漫长的旷野路程，教育和训练他们养成正确的习惯。主深知肉食对人体所造成的影响，祂希望有一个民族在身体的外形上，虽经长途跋涉，仍表现出神圣的标志。{SpM 46.1}
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The Lord would have given them flesh had it been essential for their health, but He who created and redeemed them led them the long journey in the wilderness to educate, discipline, and train them in correct habits. The Lord understood what influence flesh-eating would have upon the human system. He would have a people that would, in their physical appearance, bear the divine credentials, notwithstanding their long journey.?{SpM 46.1}
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我在阅读你的来信时，印象深刻地想起了以色列人因为主没有给他们肉食而发的怨言。动物吃的是蔬菜和五谷。蔬菜为什么要等到变成了动物的肉，变成了动物的身体，我们才吃呢？难道我们必须吃死畜的肉才能得到蔬菜吗？上帝供应我们的始祖天然的水果。祂把伊甸园交给亚当修理看守，说：“各样树上的果子，你们可以随意吃。”一个动物不能以杀害另一个动物为食。人类堕落之后，吃肉得到容许，以便缩短长命人类的寿命。肉食得到允许是因为人们心里刚硬。许多人所坚持的大错误之一就是认为肌肉的力量靠的是肉食。然而谷物、水果、蔬菜这类简单的食物里含有制作优质血液所需要的所有营养成分，这是肉食所做不到的。{SpM 46.2}
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When I read your letter, I was forcibly reminded of the complaining of the children of Israel because they were not favored with a meat diet. The diet of the animals is vegetables and grains. Must the vegetables be animalized, must they be incorporated in the systems of animals before we get them? Must we obtain our vegetable diet by eating the flesh of dead creatures? God provided fruit in its natural state for our first parents. He gave to Adam charge of the garden, to dress it and to care for it, saying, “To you it shall be for meat.” One animal was not to destroy another animal for food. After the fall, the eating of flesh was suffered, in order to shorten the period of the existence of the long-lived race. It was allowed because of the hardness of the hearts of men. One of the great errors that many insist upon is that muscular strength is dependent upon animal food. But the simple grains, fruits of trees, and vegetables have all the nutrition necessary to make good blood. This a flesh diet can not do.?{SpM 46.2}
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当一个肢体骨折时，医生就建议自己的病人不要吃肉，因为会有开始发炎的危险。在烹饪餐食时采用调味品和香料对于消化的作用，就像人以为用茶、咖啡和酒可以帮助工作的人完成任务一样。在短暂的影响过去之后，情绪就会下降到常人之下，就如这些刺激品使情绪上涨到常人之上一样。体质削弱了，血质污染了，结果就必然是炎症。{SpM 46.3}
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When a limb is broken, physicians recommend their patients not to eat meat, as there would be danger of inflammation setting in. Condiments and spices used in the preparation of food for the table, and in the digestion (cause indigestion?) in the same way that tea, coffee, and liquor are supposed to help a laboring man to prepare his tasks. After the immediate effects are gone, they drop as low correspondingly below par as they were elevated above par by those stimulating influences. The system is weakened, the blood is contaminated, and inflammation is the sure result.?{SpM 46.3}
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我们的餐桌上越少摆放调味品和甜点，对就餐的人就越好。所有混合而复杂的食物都会损害人类的健康。哑巴动物绝不会吃人吃进胃里的混合物。刚出炉的热面包和饼干是不健康的。加热的气体需要蒸发。热苏打饼干通常涂上黄油，作为一种上等的饮食，但是虚弱的消化系统却不得不感受到强加在它身上的虐待。不健康的饮食习惯正在杀死成千上万的人。食物应该彻底煮熟，精心准备，美味可口。我的弟兄啊，既有主在饮食问题上所赐的一切亮光，你还哀叹自己不能自由吃肉，这显然与以色列人曾传到主耳中的怨言、哀叹和哭泣相似。我告诉你，根据主喜悦赐给我的亮光，人类的胃一直承受着质量不佳的食物的繁重负担，而且数量也太多。胃在应该能够进行良好工作的时候，却负担过重，疲惫不堪了。烹饪的数量根本没有必要，也不应该有任何菲薄的饮食，无论是质量还是数量，但是丰腻的食物和复杂混合的食物却在进行破坏。调味浓烈的肉食，继之以丰腻的糕饼，正在损耗儿童重要的消化器官。他们若是习惯吃健康有益的普通食物，他们的食欲就不会贪求不自然的丰肴盛馔和混合食品了。教育、习惯和风俗使重建家庭制度变得困难。给儿女肉食，并非保证他们成功的最佳食品。要使水果成为你餐桌上的食物，构成菜单。水果片和面包混在一起会很好吃。好的、成熟的、未腐烂的水果是我们应该感谢上帝的东西，因为它有益于健康，要试试看。教导你的孩子以肉食为生，会害了他们。引起不自然的食欲，要比纠正和改良已成为第二本性的胃口容易得多了。{SpM 46.4}
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The less condiments and desserts are placed on our tables the better it will be for all who partake of the food. All mixed and complicated foods are injurious to the health of human beings. Dumb animals would?never eat such a mixture as is placed in the human stomach. Hot bread and biscuit, fresh from the oven, is not healthful. The heated gases need to be evaporated. Hot soda biscuits are often spread with butter and eaten as a choice diet. But the enfeebled digestion can not but feel the abuse placed upon it. Unhealthful habits of eating are killing their thousands and ten thousands. Food should be thoroughly cooked, nicely prepared, and appetizing. My brother, after all the light that has been given on the diet question, your lamentations because you can not exercise freedom in meat-eating is apparently similar to the complaining lamentations and weeping children of Israel in the ears of the Lord. I tell you that from the light the Lord has been pleased to give me there is a continual taxing of the human stomach with a wrong quality of food, also with too large a quantity. The stomach is overloaded and worn out when it should be capable of performing good work. The amount of cooking done is not at all necessary, neither should there be any poverty-stricken diet, either in quality or quantity, but the richness of the food and complicated mixtures are destroying. Highly seasoned meats, followed by rich pastry, is wearing out the vital organs of digestion of children. Were they accustomed to plain, wholesome food, their appetites would not crave unnatural luxuries and mixed preparations. Education, habit, and custom make it difficult to reconstruct the family arrangements. Meat given to children is not the best thing to insure success. Make fruit the article of diet to be placed upon your table which shall constitute the bill of fare. The pieces of fruit mingled with the bread will be highly enjoyed. Good, ripe, undecayed fruit is the thing we should thank God for because it is beneficial to the health. Try it. To educate your children to subsist upon a meat diet would be hurtful to them. It is much easier to create an unnatural appetite than to correct and reform the taste after it has become second nature.?{SpM 46.4}
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我们的疗养院决不可按照旅馆的模式运作，我很遗憾，对你来说，克制食欲和改革你的饮食习惯竟是如此困难的事。肉食会改变人的性情并加强兽性。我们是由所吃的东西构成的，多吃肉会减弱我们的智力。学生们如果从不吃肉，就能在学业上取得更大的成就。人的动物性部分虽因肉食而增强，可是智力却相应地下降。如果杜绝肉食，就能更加成功地过好和保持宗教生活，因为肉食会刺激人的情欲活跃起来，同时削弱人的道德和灵性。“因为情欲和圣灵相争，圣灵和情欲相争”（加5:17）。我们非常需要鼓励和培养纯洁高雅的思想，加强道德力而不是低级的肉欲。愿上帝帮助我们从放纵食欲中醒悟！{SpM 47.1}
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Our sanitariums should never be conducted after the fashion of a hotel, I am very sorry that it is such a difficult matter for you to deny your appetite and reform your habits of eating and drinking. A meat diet changes the disposition, and strengthens the animalism. We are composed of what we eat, and eating much flesh will diminish intellectual activity. Students would accomplish much more in their studies if they never tasted meat. When the animal part of the human agent is strengthened by meat-eating, the intellectual diminish proportionately. A religious life can be more successfully gained and maintained if meat is discarded; for this diet stimulates into intense activity lustful propensities and enfeebles the moral and spiritual nature. The flesh warreth against the spirit and the spirit against the flesh. We need to greatly encourage and cultivate pure, chaste thoughts and to strengthen the moral powers, rather than the lower and carnal powers. God help us to wake from our self-indulgent appetites.?{SpM 47.1}
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吃死尸的想法对我来说是可憎的；一个活物以另一个活物的肉为食的思想是令人震惊的。没有必要这样。你有关虚弱的一切理由都证明你不应该再吃肉了。癌、瘤和一切炎症，大都是由肉食而引起的。根据上帝所赐给我的亮光，癌与瘤的流行大都是因食用死肉的恶劣生活所致。我诚恳而且虔诚地希望，你作为一名医师，不要继续在这个问题上盲目，因为与盲目在一起的是缺乏克制食欲、背十字架的道德勇气，这意味着负起抑制本性的食欲和情欲的责任。以肉为食，我们所吃的汁液便进入我们的血液循环，而我们既是由我们所吃的东西构成的，就变得动物化了；从而引起一种发热的状态，因为牲畜患病了，我们吃它们的肉，就是把病根种植在自己的组织和血液中。于是当暴露在有害空气的变换中的时候，我们就会更敏感；而当我们暴露在流行病和传染病中的时候，身体系统的状况就无力抵抗疾病了。关于这个题目，我已得到各方面的启示。人们还没有认识到食肉会引起的死亡率。如果认识到了，我们就不会听到为放纵吃死畜的肉所找的许多辩辞和借口了。我们有大量的好食物可以充饥，不必将动物的尸体搬到餐桌上，以构成我们的菜谱。我谈这个问题可以没有止境，但我忍住不说了。{SpM 47.2}
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The idea of eating dead flesh is abhorrent to me. One living animal eating the flesh of another animal is shocking. There is no call for it. All your excuses made in regard to faintness is an argument why you should eat no more meat.?Cancer, tumors, and all inflammatory diseases are largely caused by meat-eating. From the light which God has given me, the prevalence of cancers, and tumors is due to gross living on dead flesh. I sincerely and prayerfully hope that as a physician you will not forever be blind upon this subject. For blindness mingled with a want of moral courage to deny your appetite, to lift the cross, which means to take up the very duties that cut across the natural appetite and passion. Feeding on flesh the juices and fluids of what we eat passes into the circulation of our blood, and as we are composed of what we eat, we become animalized. Thus a feverish condition is created because the animals are diseased and by partaking of their flesh we plant the seeds of disease in our own tissue and blood. Then when exposed to the changes in a malarious atmosphere, these are more sensibly felt. Also when we are exposed to prevailing epidemics and contagious diseases, the system is not in a condition to resist the disease. I have the subject presented to me in different aspects. The mortality caused by meat-eating is not discerned. If it were, we should hear no more arguments and excuses in favor of the indulgence of the appetite for dead flesh. We have plenty of good things to satisfy hunger without bringing corpses upon our tables to compose our bill of fare. I might go on to any length upon this subject, but I will forbear.?{SpM 47.2}
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我实在希望你作为一名医生，不会藉着言传身教对抗主已赐给我要光照人心并引起彻底改良的亮光。我正在这些方面认真工作，而且决不会停止反对吃肉的做法。我清楚地看到这个饮食问题已成为你属灵进步的绊脚石。你把绊脚石放在别人的道路上，这都是因为你因放纵自私的食欲而使自己的感觉麻木了。希望你为基督的缘故看得更深，研究的更深一些，遵行上帝所乐意赐给你和其他人在这个问题上的亮光。我忍住不再写了。我爱你们的灵魂，我希望你们二人都接受主已乐于赐予的每一线亮光，然后将亮光传给别人，从而与大教师合作。{SpM 48.1}
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I do hope that you, as a physician, will come to your senses, and will not, by precept and example, counterwork that which the Lord has given to enlighten minds and bring in thorough reforms. I am working earnestly on these lines and shall never cease to work against the practice of meat-eating. I have had opened before me the stumbling blocks which this diet question has been to your spiritual advancement, and what a stumbling block you have placed in the way of others and all because your own sensibilities were blunted through selfish gratification of appetite. For Christ’s sake look deeper; study deeper, and act in accordance with the light God has been pleased to give you and others on this subject. I forbear writing more. I love your souls, and I want you both to accept every ray of light that the Lord has been pleased to give, and then cooperate with the Great Teacher by giving that light to others.?{SpM 48.1}
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在爱中，In love,怀爱伦E. G. White