第33章 实用的建议
§1
第33章 实用的建议
§2
Chap. 33 Practical Suggestions
§3
拘泥形式的讲道——有些传道人在准备讲题的时候，逐层逐节进行安排，毫无余地可以让主引导他们的思想。他们把每一点都确定了，就象刻成的印板一样，似乎不能离开所定的计划。这是一个严重的错误。这样做会使传道人心思狭窄，缺乏属灵的生命和能力，就象基利波山缺乏雨露一样。{GW 165.1}[1]
§4
Formal Discourses.--Some ministers, in the preparation of their discourses, arrange every detail with such exactness that they give the Lord no room to lead their minds. Every point is fixed, stereotyped, as it were, and they seem unable to depart from the plan marked out. This is a grave error, and if followed, will cause ministers to become narrow-minded, and will leave them as destitute of spiritual life and energy as were the hills of Gilboa of dew and rain. {GW 165.1}[1]
§5
传道人若觉得自己不能变动预定的讲章，其效果就只能象宣读一篇讲题。拘泥形式而毫无生气的讲论，缺乏圣灵活泼的能力。这种讲道的习惯，足以破坏传道人的效果和能力。{GW 165.2}[2]
§6
When a minister feels that he cannot vary from a set discourse, the effect is little better than that produced by reading a sermon. Tame, formal discourses have in them very little of the vitalizing power of the Holy Spirit; and the habit of preaching such discourses will effectually destroy a ministers usefulness and ability. {GW 165.2}[2]
§7
上帝要祂的工人完全依靠祂。他们必须倾听主的话语，问道：主有什么话对众人说呢？他们必须打开心门，让上帝感动他们的心，然后他们就会传给众人新近从天而来的真理。圣灵必赐他们适合满足在座听众需要的思想。{GW 165.3}[3]
§8
God would have His workmen wholly dependent upon Him. They must listen to hear what saith the Lord, asking, What is Thy word for the people? Their hearts should be open, so that God may impress their minds, and then they will be able to give the people truth fresh from heaven. The Holy Spirit will give them ideas adapted to meet the needs of those present. {GW 165.3}[3]
§9
恭敬——我听过一些传道人用普通说话的语气讲述基督的生平和教训，如同述说世上一些伟人的生平轶事一般。经常有传道人讲论基督就象祂是和他们一样的人。我听到人这样讲论这神圣的题目时，就感到一种言语所不能形容的忧伤；因为我知道这些人虽然是真理的教师，却从来没有尊重基督，也不认识祂。他们没有高尚的思想境界，来清晰地理解世界救赎主的品德。{GW 165.4}[4]
§10
Reverence.--I have heard some ministers talk of Christs life and teachings in a commonplace manner, as if recounting incidents in the life of some great man of the world. Indeed, it is not unusual for ministers to speak of Christ as if He were a man like themselves. When I hear this sacred subject treated in such a manner, I feel a grief that I cannot express; for I know that although these men are teachers of truth, they have never had exalted views of Christ; they have never become acquainted with Him. They have not that elevation of thought which would give them a clear conception of the character of the worlds Redeemer. {GW 165.4}[4]
§11
凡正确认识基督品格和工作的人，必不自满自高。他们将自己工作的软弱无能与基督相比，会使他们保持谦卑的态度，不依靠自己，而向基督求工作的能力。经常思考基督及其全备功劳的人，会加添人的信心，激发他属灵的悟性，增强他效法主的愿望，使祷告恳切而有效。{GW 166.1}[5]
§12
Those who have a correct view of the character and work of Christ, will not become self-sufficient or self-exalted. The weakness and inefficiency of their own efforts, in contrast with those of the Son of God, will keep them humble, distrustful of self, and will lead them to rely on Christ for strength to do their work. Habitually dwelling upon Christ and His all-sufficient merits, increases faith, quickens the power of spiritual discernment, strengthens the desire to be like Him, and brings an earnestness into prayer that makes it efficacious. {GW 166.1}[5]
§13
无关的轶事——传道人不应在讲道时插入无关的轶事，因为这样做会贬损所传真理的力量。讲述轶闻故事，引起哄堂大笑，使听众产生轻佻的思想，实在应该予以严厉指责。应当用纯洁高尚的言语讲述真理，所用的例证也当如此。{GW 166.2}[6]
§14
Irrelevant Anecdotes.--Ministers should not make a practice of relating irrelevant anecdotes in connection with their sermons; for this detracts from the force of the truth presented. The relation of anecdotes or incidents that create a laugh or a light thought in the minds of the hearers is severely censurable. The truth should be clothed in chaste, dignified language; and the illustrations used should be of a like character. {GW 166.2}[6]
§15
如何引人注意——传道人往往被迫在闷热人多的房屋里讲道。听的人疲倦了，感觉也麻木了，几乎无法领受所传的真理。{GW 166.3}[7]
§16
How to Overcome Inattention.--Often a minister is obliged to preach in a crowded, overheated room. The listeners become drowsy, their senses are benumbed, and it is almost impossible for them to grasp the truths presented. {GW 166.3}[7]
§17
如果讲道的人不用演讲的方式，而是设法教导听众，用谈话的语气向他们提问，就会激发他们的思想，使他们能更清楚地领会所说的话了。{GW 167.1}[8]
§18
If, instead of preaching to them, the speaker would try to teach them, speaking in a conversational tone and asking them questions, their minds would be aroused to activity, and they would be able more clearly to comprehend the words spoken. {GW 167.1}[8]
§19
听众稀少——如果赴会听道的人很少，也不要灰心。即使只有二三位听道的，谁知道其中没有一位正受主的灵感动呢？主可能要你传信息给那个人。如果他悔改了，就可能藉着他传给别人。在你不知道的情况下，你的工作可能就有一千倍的功效。{GW 167.2}[9]
§20
Small Congregations.--Do not become discouraged when there are only a few present to listen to a discourse. Even if you have but two or three hearers, who knows whether there may not be one with whom the Spirit of the Lord is striving? The Lord may give you a message for that one soul, and he, if converted, may be the means of reaching others. All unknown to you, the results of your labor may be multiplied a thousand-fold. {GW 167.2}[9]
§21
不要看着那些空着的座位就灰心丧气。要想到上帝正在如何将祂的真理传给世人。要记住你是与永不失败的神圣力量合作。你讲道应当充满信心和关切之情，态度认真，就象有几千人在场听你说话一样。{GW 167.3}[10]
§22
Do not look at the empty seats, and let your faith and courage sink; but think of what God is doing to bring His truth before the world. Remember that you are co-operating with divine agencies--agencies that never fail. Speak with as much earnestness, faith, and interest as if there were thousands present to listen to your voice. {GW 167.3}[10]
§23
在一个雨天的早晨，一位传道人来到教堂讲道，发现只有一个人来听道。但他不愿让那个人失望，就热心而关切地对那个人讲了道。结果那人悔改了，后来也成为传道人，由于他的工作，成千的人听见了救恩的福音。{GW 167.4}[11]
§24
A minister went to his church to preach one rainy morning, and found that he had only one man for an audience. But he would not disappoint his hearer, and he preached to him with earnestness and interest. As a result, the man was converted, and became a missionary, and through his efforts thousands heard the good news of salvation. {GW 167.4}[11]
§25
简短的讲道——传扬现代信息，不可用冗长费力的讲道，而要用简短明确的讲论。冗长的讲道既使讲的人费力，又使听的人不耐烦。讲的人如果觉得自己的信息重要，就当特别注意，免得用力过度，对听众讲得太多，使他们记不住。{GW 167.5}[12]
§26
Short Sermons.--Let the message for this time be presented, not in long, labored discourses, but in short talks, right to the point. Lengthy sermons tax the strength of the speaker and the patience of his hearers. If the speaker is one who feels the importance of his message, he will need to be especially careful lest he overtax his physical powers, and give the people more than they can remember. {GW 167.5}[12]
§27
不要以为你讲过一个题目，你的听众就会记住你所讲的一切。有一种危险，就是把一点一点的道理讲得太快。你的讲题要简短，语言要简明易懂，而且要反复讲。简短的讲道比长篇讲道更容易记忆。我们的传道人应当记住，他们所讲的题目对于一些听众可能是新的，所以仍须将要点反复说明。{GW 168.1}[13]
§28
Do not think, when you have gone over a subject once, that your hearers will retain in their minds all that you have presented. There is danger of passing too rapidly from point to point. Give short lessons, in plain, simple language, and let them be often repeated. Short sermons will be remembered far better than long ones. Our speakers should remember that the subjects they are presenting may be new to some of their hearers; therefore the principal points should be gone over again and again. {GW 168.1}[13]
§29
直接——许多传道人常是费力费时说长篇的开场白和致歉的话。有的人几乎用半小时说辩解道歉的话；这是浪费光阴。及至说到正题，想用真理要点来扣住听众之心时，人们已经厌倦而不能领悟其意义了。{GW 168.2}[14]
§30
Directness.--Many speakers waste their time and strength in long preliminaries and excuses. Some use nearly half an hour in making apologies; thus time is wasted, and when they reach their subject and try to fasten the points of truth in the minds of their hearers, the people are wearied out and cannot see their force. {GW 168.2}[14]
§31
传道人在向人讲道之前，用不着说客套道歉的话，而当一开始就好像知道自己承担着上帝的信息。他应当将真理的要点说得象里程碑一样清楚，使众人不会看不见。{GW 168.3}[15]
§32
Instead of apologizing because he is about to address the people, the minister should begin as if he knew that he was bearing a message from God. He should make the essential points of truth as distinct as mile-posts, so that the people cannot fail to see them. {GW 168.3}[15]
§33
有人常常把时间耗费在解释次要的问题上，其实这些问题是无据自明的。然而对于要点，则要尽量引证，讲得清楚有力。{GW 168.4}[16]
§34
Time is frequently lost in explaining points which are really unimportant, and which would be taken for granted without producing proofs. But the vital points should be made as plain and forcible as language and proof can make them. {GW 168.4}[16]
§35
专注——有人养成了过于专注的习惯。将思想集中在一个问题上，把其他的事全都撇开，这固然有一定的好处。但人如果全神贯注于一个方面，往往对其他方面就认识不足了。这种人讲话时让听众乏味厌倦。他们的文章也缺乏从容流畅的风格。他们对公众演讲时，注意力集中在所讲的题目上，步步演绎，逐渐深入，在兴致盎然，聚精会神之际，似乎看见了知识和光明。但很少有人能跟上他们的思路。{GW 169.1}[17]
§36
Concentration.--Some have cultivated the habit of too great concentrativeness. The power to fix the mind upon one subject to the exclusion of all others, is good to a limited degree, but those who put the whole strength of the mind into one line of thought are frequently deficient on other points. In conversation these become tedious, and weary the listener. Their writings lack a free, easy style. When they speak in public, the subject before them holds their attention, and they are led on and on, to go deeper and deeper into the matter. They seem to see knowledge and light as they become interested and absorbed, but there are few who can follow them. {GW 169.1}[17]
§37
有一种危险，就是这种人把真理的种子撒得太深，以致嫩芽无法破土而出。甚至那最重要最明显、本身就清楚易懂的真理，也可能被言语所蒙蔽，变得模糊不清了。{GW 169.2}[18]
§38
There is danger that such men will plant the seed of truth so deep that the tender blade will never find the surface. Even the most essential, manifest truths, those which are of themselves clear and plain, may be so covered up with words as to be made cloudy and indistinct. {GW 169.2}[18]
§39
简明——辩论固然有其作用，但简明地解释圣经却能取得更大的成效。基督的教训讲得非常清楚，连最无知的人也能明白。耶稣讲道不用长辞难句，祂只用简明的语言，适合普通民众的思想。祂的讲论决不会深奥到听众无法领会。{GW 169.3}[19]
§40
Simplicity.--Argument is good in its place, but far more can be accomplished by simple explanations of the word of God. The lessons of Christ were illustrated so clearly that the most ignorant could readily comprehend them. Jesus did not use long and difficult words in His discourses; He used plain language, adapted to the minds of the common people. He went no farther into the subject He was expounding than they were able to follow Him. {GW 169.3}[19]
§41
传道人应当清楚简明地讲述真理。在听众中有许多人需要他清楚地解释悔改的必要步骤。大众在这一点上比所想像的要无知。在大学毕业生中，在雄辩的演说家中，在能干的政治家中，以及在身居高位的人中，有许多人全力从事其他事业而忽略了最重要的事。当这样的人来听道时，讲道的人往往竭力讲智慧的话，却没有彰显基督，没有指出违背律法就是罪，也没有说明救恩的计划。他如果向听众指出基督受死是为了救赎他们，那就会打动他们的心了。{GW 170.1}[20]
§42
Ministers should present the truth in a clear, simple manner. There are among their hearers many who need a plain explanation of the steps requisite in conversion. The great masses of the people are more ignorant on this point than is supposed. Among graduates from college, eloquent orators, able statesmen, men in high positions of trust, there are many who have given their powers to other matters, and have neglected the things of greatest importance. When such men form part of a congregation, the speaker often strains every power to preach an intellectual discourse, and fails to reveal Christ. He does not show that sin is the transgression of the law. He does not make plain the plan of salvation. That which would have touched the hearts of his hearers, would have been to point them to Christ dying to bring redemption within their reach. {GW 170.1}[20]
§43
复兴——当主使用人作工时，当人被上头来的能力感动时，撒但就率领他的党羽喊道：“这是宗教狂热!”并劝警告人不要走极端。我们大家应当谨慎考虑，不要随便附和；因为虽有伪币，真币的价值并不因此减低。虽有许多虚假的复兴和悔改，但不能因此就猜疑一切复兴。我们不要像法利赛人那样表现轻蔑的态度说：“这个人接待罪人”（路15:2）。{GW 170.2}[21]
§44
Revivals.--When the Lord works through human instrumentalities, when men are moved with power from on high, Satan leads his agents to cry, Fanaticism! and to warn people not to go to extremes. Let all be careful how they raise this cry; for though there is counterfeit coin, this does not lower the value of that which is genuine. Because there are spurious revivals and spurious conversions, it does not follow that all revivals are to be held in suspicion. Let us not show the contempt manifested by the Pharisees when they said, This man receiveth sinners. [Luke 15:2.] {GW 170.2}[21]
§45
基督的生活足以教导我们不该蔑视祂劝人悔改的工作。上帝在罪人身上所显重生的恩典令天使也高兴。可是这种工作却因人的不信而被称为狂热，上帝藉以作工的使者，竟被指为不按真知识发热心。{GW 170.3}[22]
§46
There is enough in the life of Christ to teach us not to sneer at His work in the conversion of souls. The manifestation of Gods renewing grace on sinful men causes angels to rejoice, but often this work has, through unbelief, been termed fanaticism, and the messenger through whom God has worked has been spoken of as having zeal that is not according to knowledge. {GW 170.3}[22]
§47
安息日礼拜——凡奉派主持安息日礼拜的人，应当研究如何使听众对圣经的真理发生兴趣。他不要时常作长篇的演讲，使赴会的人没有机会承认基督。有时应将讲章缩短，使众人有机会表达他们对上帝的感恩。感恩的见证能荣耀主的圣名。在圣徒的每一次聚会中，圣天使倾听人在见证、唱诗和祈祷时献给耶和华的赞美。{GW 171.1}[23]
§48
Sabbath Services.--The one appointed to conduct Sabbath services should study how to interest his hearers in the truths of the Word. He should not always give so long a discourse that there will be no opportunity for those present to confess Christ. The sermon should frequently be short, so that the people may express their thanksgiving to God. Gratitude-offerings glorify the name of the Lord. In every assembly of the saints holy angels listen to the praise offered to Jehovah in testimony, song, and prayer. {GW 171.1}[23]
§49
祷告和见证聚会应成为特别得到帮助和勉励的时辰。人人都应该觉得参加作见证乃是一种特权。凡佩有基督圣名的人都当在见证会中作证。所作的见证要简短，并有帮助别人的作用。最能彻底扑灭人敬虔精神的，莫过于一个人用二三十分钟时间作长篇见证了。这意味着聚会属灵生命的死亡。{GW 171.2}[24]
§50
The prayer and social meeting should be a season of special help and encouragement. All should feel it a privilege to take part. Let every one who bears the name of Christ have something to say in the social meeting. The testimonies should be short, and of a nature to help others. Nothing will so completely kill the spirit of devotion as for one person to take up twenty or thirty minutes in a long testimony. This means death to the spirituality of the meeting. {GW 171.2}[24]