第36章 加拉太教会的背道
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第36章 加拉太教会的背道
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Chap. 36 - Apostasy in Galatia
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（本章根据：加拉太书）
§4
保罗滞留在哥林多的时候，他曾为某几处已经成立的教会而深感忧虑。由于耶路撒冷信徒中所兴起的一些假师傅的影响，致使分裂、异端和放纵情欲的事迅即流行在加拉太一带的信徒中间。这些假师傅竟将犹太人的遗传和福音的真理混合起来，他们不顾耶路撒冷会议所作出的决定，而勉强外邦信徒遵守仪文的律法。[1]{AA 383.1 }
§5
While tarrying at Corinth, Paul had cause for serious apprehension concerning some of the churches already established. Through the influence of false teachers who had arisen among the believers in Jerusalem, division, heresy, and sensualism were rapidly gaining ground among the believers in Galatia. These false teachers were mingling Jewish traditions with the truths of the gospel. Ignoring the decision of the general council at Jerusalem, they urged upon the Gentile converts the observance of the ceremonial law. {AA 383.1 }[1]
§6
当时的情形非常严重，那已经导入的邪恶影响，颇有迅速败坏加拉太一带教会的危险。[2]{AA 383.2 }
§7
The situation was critical. The evils that had been introduced threatened speedily to destroy the Galatian churches. {AA 383.2 }[2]
§8
保罗因他过去所忠心授以福音原则之人的此种公然叛道的情形，不禁心如刀割，深感不妥。他立时写信给那些受了迷惑的信徒，揭穿他们所接受的假道，并且非常严厉地责备那些偏离信仰的人。他先用以下的话问候加拉太人：“愿恩惠平安，从父上帝与我们的主耶稣基督，归与你们！”然后就向他们提出严厉的责备说：[3]{AA 383.3 }
§9
Paul was cut to the heart, and his soul was stirred by this open apostasy on the part of those to whom he had faithfully taught the principles of the gospel. He immediately wrote to the deluded believers, exposing the false theories that they had accepted and with great severity rebuking those who were departing from the faith. After saluting the Galatians in the words, Grace be to you and peace from God the Father, and from our Lord Jesus Christ, he addressed to them these words of sharp reproof: {AA 383.3 }[3]
§10
“我稀奇你们这么快离开那借着基督之恩召你们的，去从别的福音。那并不是福音，不过有些人搅扰你们，要把基督的福音更改了。但无论是我们，是天上来的使者，若传福音给你们，与我们所传给你们的不同，他就应当被咒诅。”保罗的教训向来与《圣经》的教训相符，并有圣灵为他的工作作证；因此他警告弟兄们，不可听从那与他所教导他们的真理相抵触的任何谬道。[4]{AA 384.1 }
§11
I marvel that ye are so soon removed from Him that called you into the grace of Christ unto another gospel: which is not another; but there be some that trouble you, and would pervert the gospel of Christ. But though we, or an angel from heaven, preach any other gospel unto you than that which we have preached unto you, let him be accursed. Pauls teachings had been in harmony with the Scriptures, and the Holy Spirit had witnessed to his labors; therefore he warned his brethren not to listen to anything that contradicted the truths he had taught them. {AA 384.1 }[4]
§12
这位使徒嘱咐加拉太的信徒，要慎重地考虑他们在基督徒生活上初期的经验。他大声疾呼说：“无知的加拉太人哪！耶稣基督钉十字架，已经活画在你们眼前，谁又迷惑了你们呢？我只要问你们这一件：你们受了圣灵，是因行律法呢？是因听信福音呢？你们既靠圣灵入门，如今还靠肉身成全吗？你们是这样的无知吗？你们受苦如此之多，都是徒然的吗？难道果真是徒然的吗？那赐给你们圣灵，又在你们中间行异能的，是因你们行律法呢？是因你们听信福音呢？”[5]{AA 384.2 }
§13
The apostle bade the Galatian believers consider carefully their first experience in the Christian life. O foolish Galatians, he exclaimed, who hath bewitched you, that ye should not obey the truth, before whose eyes Jesus Christ hath been evidently set forth, crucified among you? This only would I learn of you, Received ye the Spirit by the works of the law, or by the hearing of faith? Are ye so foolish? having begun in the Spirit, are ye now made perfect by the flesh? Have ye suffered so many things in vain? if it be yet in vain. He therefore that ministereth to you the Spirit, and worketh miracles among you, doeth he it by the works of the law, or by the hearing of faith? {AA 384.2 }[5]
§14
保罗如此地使加拉太信徒诉诸自己的良心，并设法阻止他们的错行。使徒依赖上帝拯救的大能，不肯承认那些背道的假师傅所传的道理，却努力导使信徒看出他们已经大受欺骗，但他们若借着转回到先前的福音信仰，他们还可能挫败撒但的计谋。他坚守他真理与正义的立场；他那对于自己所传信息之高度的坚信不疑，终于帮助了许多失去信心的人转回归服救主。[6]{AA 384.3 }
§15
Thus Paul arraigned the believers in Galatia before the tribunal of their own conscience and sought to arrest them in their course. Relying on the power of God to save, and refusing to recognize the doctrines of the apostate teachers, the apostle endeavored to lead the converts to see that they had been grossly deceived, but that by returning to their former faith in the gospel they might yet defeat the purpose of Satan. He took his position firmly on the side of truth and righteousness; and his supreme faith and confidence in the message he bore, helped many whose faith had failed, to return to their allegiance to the Saviour. {AA 384.3 }[6]
§16
保罗对于加拉太人所施用的方法，和他写信给哥林多教会所采的方式，该是何等地不同啊！他小心翼翼而温柔和蔼地责备哥林多教会，但对于加拉太人则作无情的申斥。哥林多人曾被试探所胜。他们曾受假师傅以谬道伪装真理的巧妙诡辩所骗，以致昏乱迷糊，要教训他们分辩真伪，就不得不审慎忍耐。保罗若表现出苛刻或不加思考的急躁态度，这就必破坏他在渴望帮助之人身上所施的感化了。[7]{AA 385.1 }
§17
How different from Pauls manner of writing to the Corinthian church was the course he pursued toward the Galatians! The former he rebuked with caution and tenderness, the latter with words of unsparing reproof. The Corinthians had been overcome by temptation. Deceived by the ingenious sophistry of teachers who presented errors under the guise of truth, they had become confused and bewildered. To teach them to distinguish the false from the true, called for caution and patience. Harshness or injudicious haste on Pauls part would have destroyed his influence over many of those whom he longed to help. {AA 385.1 }[7]
§18
但在加拉太的各教会中，公开赤露的谬道已经取代福音的信息了。那作为信仰真基础的基督实际上已被弃绝，而代之以犹太教的陈腐仪节。保罗看出如果要抢救加拉太信徒脱离那威胁他们的危险影响，就必须采取最有决定性的措施，并发出最严厉的警告。[8]{AA 385.2 }
§19
In the Galatian churches, open, unmasked error was supplanting the gospel message. Christ, the true foundation of the faith, was virtually renounced for the obsolete ceremonies of Judaism. The apostle saw that if the believers in Galatia were saved from the dangerous influences which threatened them, the most decisive measures must be taken, the sharpest warnings given. {AA 385.2 }[8]
§20
每一个作基督执事的人所当学习的重要教训，乃是要适应他所要造福之人们的情况而对症下药。温柔和忍耐，果断和坚毅，都是不可或缺的；但这些都必须与正确的辨别配合而酌情运用。要在各种不同的情况之下聪明地应付各种不同的人，就需要经过上帝圣灵所启迪与圣化的智慧及判断。[9]{AA 385.3 }
§21
An important lesson for every minister of Christ to learn is that of adapting his labors to the condition of those whom he seeks to benefit. Tenderness, patience, decision, and firmness are alike needful; but these are to be exercised with proper discrimination. To deal wisely with different classes of minds, under varied circumstances and conditions, is a work requiring wisdom and judgment enlightened and sanctified by the Spirit of God. {AA 385.3 }[9]
§22
保罗在他写给加拉太信徒的书信中，简略地检讨了那有关他自己悔改和早年基督徒经验的重要事件。他借此说明他之得以认明并了解福音的伟大真理，乃是由于上帝大能的特别彰显。保罗这次以如此严肃而确定的方式警告并劝诫加拉太人，也是由于他从上帝那里所领受的训示。他不是用犹豫疑惑的语气写的，而是出于坚信与纯知的把握。他清楚地说明了受教于人，和直接从基督领受训示的分别。[10]{AA 386.1 }
§23
In his letter to the Galatian believers Paul briefly reviewed the leading incidents connected with his own conversion and early Christian experience. By this means he sought to show that it was through a special manifestation of divine power that he had been led to see and grasp the great truths of the gospel. It was through instruction received from God Himself that Paul was led to warn and admonish the Galatians in so solemn and positive a manner. He wrote, not in hesitancy and doubt, but with the assurance of settled conviction and absolute knowledge. He clearly outlined the difference between being taught by man and receiving instruction direct from Christ. {AA 386.1 }[10]
§24
这位使徒恳劝加拉太人务要离开那将他们引到错路上的假向导，而转回到那曾带有蒙上帝嘉纳之确据的信仰。那些曾企图率领他们偏离福音信仰的人，都是些心地不洁而生活腐化的伪善者。他们的宗教无非是一套仪式所编造而成的，他们妄想借着遵行这些仪式来博得上帝的眷爱。他们根本就不羡慕那叫人顺从“人若不重生，就不能见上帝的国”的福音（约3:3）。他们认为以这种道理为基础的宗教需要太大的牺牲，因此他们坚持自己的谬道，而引以自欺欺人。[11]{AA 386.2 }
§25
The apostle urged the Galatians to leave the false guides by whom they had been misled, and to return to the faith that had been accompanied by unmistakable evidences of divine approval. The men who had attempted to lead them from their belief in the gospel were hypocrites, unholy in heart and corrupt in life. Their religion was made up of a round of ceremonies, through the performance of which they expected to gain the favor of God. They had no desire for a gospel that called for obedience to the word, Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God. John 3:3. They felt that a religion based on such a doctrine, required too great a sacrifice, and they clung to their errors, deceiving themselves and others. {AA 386.2 }[11]
§26
以徒具外表的宗教仪式代替内心与生活的圣洁，对于一般未经重生的人性，正像从前那些犹太教假师傅的时代一样，还是很受欢迎的。现今正像从前一样，也有一些假的属灵向导，许多人都很热烈听从他们的道理。撒但深思熟虑地设法，要使人心转离那因信基督并顺从上帝律法而得的救恩。在每一个时代中，这个大仇敌都使他的试探适合于他所要欺骗之人的偏见与嗜好。在使徒时代，他使犹太人高抬仪文律法，拒绝基督；在现时代，他唆使许多自命为基督徒的人在尊荣基督的伪装之下，蓄意轻蔑道德律法，并教训人说可以干犯它的条例，而不致受罚。每一个上帝忠仆的责任就是要坚决而确定地抵挡这些歪曲信仰的人，并要一无所惧地用真理的道揭发他们的错谬。[12]{AA 387.1 }
§27
To substitute external forms of religion for holiness of heart and life is still as pleasing to the unrenewed nature as it was in the days of these Jewish teachers. Today, as then, there are false spiritual guides, to whose doctrines many listen eagerly. It is Satans studied effort to divert minds from the hope of salvation through faith in Christ and obedience to the law of God. In every age the archenemy adapts his temptations to the prejudices or inclinations of those whom he is seeking to deceive. In apostolic times he led the Jews to exalt the ceremonial law and reject Christ; at the present time he induces many professing Christians, under pretense of honoring Christ, to cast contempt on the moral law and to teach that its precepts may be transgressed with impunity. It is the duty of every servant of God to withstand firmly and decidedly these perverters of the faith and by the word of truth fearlessly to expose their errors. {AA 387.1 }[12]
§28
保罗竭力要恢复加拉太弟兄们对他的信任，所以就有力地证明自己作基督使徒的身分。他声明他自己作使徒，“不是由于人，也不是借着人，乃是借着耶稣基督，与叫他从死里复活的父上帝。”他的任命不是从人、而是从天上最高的权威领受的。况且他的身分曾经为耶路撒冷的会议所认可，而且保罗在外邦人中间所有的工作也曾完全符合该会议所作的决定。[13]{AA 387.2 }
§29
In his effort to regain the confidence of his brethren in Galatia, Paul ably vindicated his position as an apostle of Christ. He declared himself to be an apostle, not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised Him from the dead. Not from men, but from the highest Authority in heaven, had he received his commission. And his position had been acknowledged by a general council at Jerusalem, with the decisions of which Paul had complied in all his labors among the Gentiles. {AA 387.2 }[13]
§30
保罗之所以这样向那些否认他使徒身分的人提出证明，表示他“一点不在那些最大的使徒之下。”（林后11:5）并不是要高举自己，而是要显扬上帝的恩典。那些意图蔑视他的使命和工作的人乃是与基督抗争，因为基督的恩典和能力是借着保罗彰显出来的。由于敌人的反对，这位使徒不得不坚决维护自己的地位和权柄。[14]{AA 388.1 }
§31
It was not to exalt self, but to magnify the grace of God, that Paul thus presented to those who were denying his apostleship, proof that he was not a whit behind the very chiefest apostles. 2 Corinthians 11:5. Those who sought to belittle his calling and his work were fighting against Christ, whose grace and power were manifested through Paul. The apostle was forced, by the opposition of his enemies, to take a decided stand in maintaining his position and authority. {AA 388.1 }[14]
§32
保罗恳劝那些一度在自己的生活中体验到上帝能力的人，务要恢复他们起先热爱福音真理的心。他以无可反驳的论据向他们指明他们在基督里作自由男女的特权，凡靠他赎罪恩典而完全献身的人都能穿上他的义袍。他坚决声明：凡是要得救的人，必须在属上帝的事上获得真实的个人亲身经验。[15]{AA 388.2 }
§33
Paul pleaded with those who had once known in their lives the power of God, to return to their first love of gospel truth. With unanswerable arguments he set before them their privilege of becoming free men and women in Christ, through whose atoning grace all who make full surrender are clothed with the robe of His righteousness. He took the position that every soul who would be saved must have a genuine, personal experience in the things of God. {AA 388.2 }[15]
§34
使徒恳切劝勉的话结果起了作用。圣灵大力地运行，使许多步入歧途的人转回到原先在福音里的信仰。此后，他们竟能在基督所释放他们的自由上坚持到底。在他们的生活中终于结出了圣灵的果子，“仁爱、喜乐、和平、忍耐、恩慈、良善、信实、温柔、节制。”上帝的圣名得了荣耀，并且那一带地方信徒的人数也增添了许多。[16]{AA 388.3 }
§35
The apostles earnest words of entreaty were not fruitless. The Holy Spirit wrought with mighty power, and many whose feet had wandered into strange paths, returned to their former faith in the gospel. Henceforth they were steadfast in the liberty wherewith Christ had made them free. In their lives were revealed the fruits of the Spirit--love, joy, peace, long-suffering, gentleness, goodness, faith, meekness, temperance. The name of God was glorified, and many were added to the number of believers throughout that region. {AA 388.3 }[16]