第65章 再洁净圣殿
§1
第65章 再洁净圣殿
§2
Chap. 65 - The Temple Cleansed Again
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（本章根据：太21:12-16,23-46；路19:45-48,20:1-19；可11:15-19,27-33；12:1-12）
§4
基督开始传道时，曾赶出那些在圣殿作不圣洁的交易，污秽圣殿的人。他那严厉的态度显示了上帝的威仪,曾使那班狡猾的商人惊慌失措。现在他的使命将近尾声,他再次来到圣殿，看见它像先前一样倍受污秽，有过之而无不及。圣殿的外院像个大牧场，牛鸣羊叫。银钱的叮当声夹杂着不法商人间的争吵声，还有从事圣职者在讲话。圣殿的权贵们自己也在作买卖，兑换银钱，全被贪图暴利的心所支配；在上帝眼中，不比盗贼好多少。[1]{DA 589.1}
§5
At the beginning of His ministry, Christ had driven from the temple those who defiled it by their unholy traffic; and His stern and godlike demeanor had struck terror to the hearts of the scheming traders. At the close of His mission He came again to the temple, and found it still desecrated as before. The condition of things was even worse than before. The outer court of the temple was like a vast cattle yard. With the cries of the animals and the sharp chinking of coin was mingled the sound of angry altercation between traffickers, and among them were heard the voices of men in sacred office. The dignitaries of the temple were themselves engaged in buying and selling and the exchange of money. So completely were they controlled by their greed of gain that in the sight of God they were no better than thieves. {DA 589.1}[1]
§6
祭司和官长们一点也感觉不出他们工作的神圣意义。每逢逾越节和住棚节，宰杀的牲畜何止万千，祭司将牲畜的血倒在祭坛底下。犹太人对献血的事，已司空见惯，几乎忘记是因罪的缘故，才需要流这么多牲畜的血。他们既看不出这是预表上帝的爱子为世人的生命所流的血，更体会不到奉献祭物是引人注意那被钉在十字架上的救赎主。[2]{DA 589.2}
§7
Little did the priests and rulers realize the solemnity of the work which it was theirs to perform. At every Passover and Feast of Tabernacles, thousands of animals were slain, and their blood was caught by the priests and poured upon the altar. The Jews had become familiar with the offering of blood, and had almost lost sight of the fact that it was sin which made necessary all this shedding of the blood of beasts. They did not discern that it prefigured the blood of Gods dear Son, 5which was to be shed for the life of the world, and that by the offering of sacrifices men were to be directed to a crucified Redeemer. {DA 589.2}[2]
§8
耶稣看着祭礼中这些无辜的牺牲品，见到犹太人每逢这些大节期只顾一味残酷地杀生流血。他们不知自卑，不知悔改，反倒增加献祭牺牲,好像是上帝能因无情的礼节而得尊荣似的。祭司和官长们因自私和贪财，心肠已硬如铁石。他们用那预指上帝羔羊的表号为大发横财之道，因此献祭礼节的神圣性在民众眼中大致已被他们破坏。这种情形激起耶稣的义愤，他知道祭司和长老们，对他不久将要为世人的罪而流的血，一点也不会重视，就像他们不住地流祭牲的血而无动于衷一样。[3]{DA 590.1}
§9
Jesus looked upon the innocent victims of sacrifice, and saw how the Jews had made these great convocations scenes of bloodshed and cruelty. In place of humble repentance of sin, they had multiplied the sacrifice of beasts, as if God could be honored by a heartless service. The priests and rulers had hardened their hearts through selfishness and avarice. The very symbols pointing to the Lamb of God they had made a means of getting gain. Thus in the eyes of the people the sacredness of the sacrificial service had been in a great measure destroyed. The indignation of Jesus was stirred; He knew that His blood, so soon to be shed for the sins of the world, would be as little appreciated by the priests and elders as was the blood of beasts which they kept incessantly flowing. {DA 590.1}[3]
§10
基督曾藉古代的先知斥责这种行为。撒母耳说：“耶和华喜悦燔祭和平安祭,岂如喜悦人听从他的话呢？听命胜于献祭；顺从胜于公羊的脂油。”以赛亚在异象中看到犹太人的叛道，称他们为所多玛和蛾摩拉（罪恶城市）的官长，说：“你们这所多玛的官长啊，要听耶和华的话！你们这蛾摩拉的百姓啊，要侧耳听我们上帝的训诲！耶和华说：‘你们所献的许多祭物与我何益呢？公绵羊的燔祭和肥畜的脂油，我已经够了。公牛的血，羊羔的血，公山羊的血，我都不喜悦。你们来朝见我，谁向你们讨这些？”“你们要洗濯、自洁，从我眼前除掉你们的恶行；要止住作恶，学习行善，寻求公平，解救受欺压的，给孤儿伸冤，为寡妇辨屈。”（撒上15:22；赛1:10-12,16-17）[4]{DA 590.2}
§11
Against these practices Christ had spoken through the prophets. Samuel had said, Hath the Lord as great delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices, as in obeying the voice of the Lord? Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to hearken than the fat of rams. And Isaiah, seeing in prophetic vision the apostasy of the Jews, addressed them as rulers of Sodom and Gomorrah: Hear the word of the Lord, ye rulers of Sodom; give ear unto the law of our God, ye people of Gomorrah. To what purpose is the multitude of your sacrifices unto Me? saith the Lord: I am full of the burnt offerings of rams, and the fat of fed beasts; and I delight not in the blood of bullocks, or of lambs, or of he-goats. When ye come to appear before Me, who hath required this at your hand, to tread My courts? Wash you, make you clean; put away the evil of your doings from before Mine eyes; cease to do evil; learn to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow. 1 Samuel 15:22; Isaiah 1:10-12, 16, 17. {DA 590.2}[4]
§12
那亲自赐下这些预言的主，现在把这警告最后重述一次。民众已经应验了预言，宣布耶稣为以色列的王。他已接受他们的崇敬和君王之位。现在他必须凭这地位行事。他虽然知道，要改革那腐败的祭司制度的努力必归徒然，但这番工作他必须做：必须向那不信他的百姓证明他的使命是出于上帝。[5]{DA 590.3}
§13
He who had Himself given these prophecies now for the last time repeated the warning. In fulfillment of prophecy the people had proclaimed Jesus king of Israel. He had received their homage, and accepted the office of king. In this character He must act. He knew that His efforts to reform a corrupt priesthood would be in vain; nevertheless His work must be done; to an unbelieving people the evidence of His divine mission must be given. {DA 590.3}[5]
§14
耶稣锐利的目光再次环视那被亵渎的圣殿庭院。众人都转过来望着他。祭司和官长、法利赛人和外邦人，看见他带着天上君王的威严站在他们面前，都感觉惊恐、畏惧。神性透过人性闪耀出来了，基督身上便显出从未有过的威仪和荣耀。那些靠他站着的人赶紧向人丛里后退。除了几个门徒之外，救主跟前无一人挨近。全场寂静无声，沉闷得令人胆寒。随即基督凭他的权能说话了，话音如暴风雨震撼人心，说：“经上记着说：‘我的殿必称为祷告的殿，你们倒使她成为贼窝了。’”他脸上所表露的不悦之色，犹如烈火。他凭无上的权威吩咐他们：“把这些东西拿去！”（约2:16）[6]{DA 590.4}
§15
Again the piercing look of Jesus swept over the desecrated court of the temple. All eyes were turned toward Him. Priest and ruler, Pharisee 5and Gentile, looked with astonishment and awe upon Him who stood before them with the majesty of heavens King. Divinity flashed through humanity, investing Christ with a dignity and glory He had never manifested before. Those standing nearest Him drew as far away as the crowd would permit. Except for a few of His disciples, the Saviour stood alone. Every sound was hushed. The deep silence seemed unbearable. Christ spoke with a power that swayed the people like a mighty tempest: It is written, My house shall be called the house of prayer; but ye have made it a den of thieves. His voice sounded like a trumpet through the temple. The displeasure of His countenance seemed like consuming fire. With authority He commanded, Take these things hence. John 2:16. {DA 590.4}[6]
§16
三年前，圣殿的官长们听了耶稣的命令就吓跑了，他们感到羞愧不已。事后，他们常怪自己为什么惧怕，为什么毫无反抗地服从了那么一个卑微的人。他们觉得这有失体统的屈服是决不会再重演的了。哪知这次他们比以前更惊慌、更快地服从了耶稣的命令。无一人敢质问他仗着什么权柄作这事。祭司和商人都赶着他们的牛羊从耶稣面前逃跑了。[7]{DA 591.1}
§17
Three years before, the rulers of the temple had been ashamed of their flight before the command of Jesus. They had since wondered at their own fears, and their unquestioning obedience to a single humble 5Man. They had felt that it was impossible for their undignified surrender to be repeated. Yet they were now more terrified than before, and in greater haste to obey His command. There were none who dared question His authority. Priests and traders fled from His presence, driving their cattle before them. {DA 591.1}[7]
§18
他们从圣殿中逃出来，在路上遇见一群人带着病人在问那位大医师在什么地方？逃跑的人将圣殿中刚发生的事告诉了他们，于是其中有些人转身回去。他们听说，单是他的脸色就把祭司和官长们吓跑了，所以不敢去见这么有权力的一位。但是还有许多人从逃跑的人丛中挤过去，热切地要到主面前，因为他是他们的唯一希望。当众人从圣殿里逃走时，也有不少人留在那里。现在那些新来的人和他们聚在一起。于是圣殿院内挤满了患病和垂死的人，耶稣就再次为他们服务。[8]{DA 592.1}
§19
On the way from the temple they were met by a throng who came with their sick inquiring for the Great Healer. The report given by the fleeing people caused some of these to turn back. They feared to meet One so powerful, whose very look had driven the priests and rulers from His presence. But a large number pressed through the hurrying crowd, eager to reach Him who was their only hope. When the multitude fled from the temple, many had remained behind. These were now joined by the newcomers. Again the temple court was filled by the sick and the dying, and once more Jesus ministered to them. {DA 592.1}[8]
§20
过一会儿，祭司和官长们壮了胆子又回到圣殿里来。及至恐怖的情形缓和之后，他们就急切地想知道耶稣下一步的行动是什么。他们料想他会登上大卫的宝座。他们悄悄地回到圣殿里，只听见男女老幼同声赞美上帝。他们进了院子，一望到那奇妙的景象就目瞪口呆，止步不前。他们看见病人得了痊愈，瞎子重见光明，聋子得以听见，瘸子乐得直蹦。而最欢腾的还是一班孩子们。耶稣医好了他们的疾病,把他们抱在怀里；他们连连与他亲嘴来表示亲热，而且有些孩子正当他教训人时，在他怀里睡着了。如今这些孩子快乐地赞美他。他们喊前一天所喊的“和散那”，喜气洋洋地在救主面前摇棕树枝,放声欢呼；圣殿院宇的回声响应着他们的声音：“奉耶和华名来的是应当称颂的！”“看哪，你的王来到你这里,他是公义的,并且施行拯救！”（诗118:26；亚9:9）和散那归于大卫的子孙！”[9]{DA 592.2}
§21
After a season the priests and rulers ventured back to the temple. When the panic had abated, they were seized with anxiety to know what would be the next movement of Jesus. They expected Him to take the throne of David. Quietly returning to the temple, they heard the voices of men, women, and children praising God. Upon entering, they stood transfixed before the wonderful scene. They saw the sick healed, the blind restored to sight, and deaf receive their hearing, and the crippled leap for joy. The children were foremost in the rejoicing. Jesus had healed their maladies; He had clasped them in His arms, received their kisses of grateful affection, and some of them had fallen asleep upon His breast as He was teaching the people. Now with glad voices the children sounded His praise. They repeated the hosannas of the day before, and waved palm branches triumphantly before the Saviour. The temple echoed and re-echoed with their acclamations, Blessed be He that cometh in the name of the Lord! Behold, thy King cometh unto thee; He is just, and having salvation! Psalm 118:26; Zechariah 9:9. Hosanna to the Son of David! {DA 592.2}[9]
§22
圣殿的官长们听见这些快乐和狂欢的声音,就大不以为然。于是他们出手制止这样的举动，告诉百姓们说，上帝的院宇因儿童的脚步和欢乐的喊声而玷污了。官长们看见自己的话在百姓身上不生效，便对基督说：“这些人所说的，你听见了吗？”耶稣说：“是的，经上说：‘你从婴孩和吃奶的口中完全了赞美的话。’你们没有念过吗？”先知曾预言基督要被称为王，这话必须应验。祭司和官长们既不肯赞扬他的荣耀，上帝就感动儿童来作他的见证人。如果儿童们静默不言，殿中的石柱就必出声赞美救主了。[10]{DA 592.3}
§23
The sound of these happy, unrestrained voices was an offense to the rulers of the temple. They set about putting a stop to such demonstrations. They represented to the people that the house of God was desecrated by the feet of the children and the shouts of rejoicing. Finding that their words made no impression on the people, the rulers appealed to Christ: Hearest Thou what these say? And Jesus saith unto them, Yea; have ye never read, Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings 5Thou hast perfected praise? Prophecy had foretold that Christ should be proclaimed as king, and that word must be fulfilled. The priests and rulers of Israel refused to herald His glory, and God moved upon the children to be His witnesses. Had the voices of the children been silent, the very pillars of the temple would have sounded the Saviours praise. {DA 592.3}[10]
§24
法利赛人无言可答，不知所措。他们所不能威胁的一位在控制着局面。耶稣自己是圣殿的保卫者。他过去从来没施用过这般君王的权柄。他的话和作为从来没发挥过这么大的威力。从前他虽然在耶路撒冷行过神迹奇事，但从来没像这次那么庄严动人。祭司和官长们，不敢在那些看见耶稣奇妙作为的民众面前公然反对他。他们虽因耶稣的回答大为恼怒并慌乱失措，但在那一天他们再没有什么作为了。[11]{DA 593.1}
§25
The Pharisees were utterly perplexed and disconcerted. One whom they could not intimidate was in command. Jesus had taken His position as guardian of the temple. Never before had He assumed such kingly authority. Never before had His words and works possessed so great power. He had done marvelous works throughout Jerusalem, but never before in a manner so solemn and impressive. In presence of the people who had witnessed His wonderful works, the priests and rulers dared not show Him open hostility. Though enraged and confounded by His answer, they were unable to accomplish anything further that day. {DA 593.1}[11]
§26
第二天上午,犹太公会开会讨论对付耶稣的计策。三年前，他们曾要耶稣显个神迹证明自己是弥赛亚。从那时到现在，他在犹太全地施行了大能的作为。他曾医治病人，神奇地给成千的人吃饱，在水面上行走，吩咐风浪平息。他屡次洞察人心了如指掌，他赶逐鬼魔，并叫死人复活。他已经将弥赛亚身份的凭据，摆在官长们面前了。现在他们决定不要他显明权柄的神迹，只要他作出些承诺或声明，好找把柄来定他的罪。[12]{DA 593.2}
§27
The next morning the Sanhedrin again considered what course to pursue toward Jesus. Three years before, they had demanded a sign of His Messiahship. Since that time He had wrought mighty works throughout the land. He had healed the sick, miraculously fed thousands of people, walked upon the waves, and spoken peace to the troubled sea. He had repeatedly read the hearts of men as an open book; He had cast out demons, and raised the dead. The rulers had before them the evidences of His Messiahship. They now decided to demand no sign of His authority, but to draw out some admission or declaration by which He might be condemned. {DA 593.2}[12]
§28
于是他们回到圣殿,来到耶稣教训人的地方，上前问他说：“你仗着什么权柄作这些事？给你这权柄的是谁呢？”他们希望他声明，他的权柄是由上帝来的。这样的声明，他们是打算要否认的。但耶稣却提出另一件事作为反问来应付他们，并以他们的回答为答复他们问题的先决条件。他说：“约翰的洗礼是从哪里来的？是从天上来的？是从人间来的呢？”[13]{DA 593.3}
§29
Repairing to the temple where He was teaching, they proceeded to question Him: By what authority doest Thou these things? and who gave Thee this authority? They expected Him to claim that His authority was from God. Such an assertion they intended to deny. But Jesus met them with a question apparently pertaining to another subject, and He made His reply to them conditional on their answering this question. The baptism of John, He said, whence was it? from heaven, or of men? {DA 593.3}[13]
§30
祭司们感觉到自己陷入了两难之间，用任何诡辩也无法脱身。若说约翰的洗礼是从天上来的，那就显出他们是自相矛盾了。基督必要说，这样你们为什么不信呢？因为约翰曾为基督作见证说：“看哪，上帝的羔羊，除去世人罪孽的。”（约1:29）如果祭司们相信约翰的见证，他们怎能否认基督为弥赛亚呢？如果他们讲出他们实在的看法，说约翰的洗礼是从人间来的，他们就必惹起公愤，因为百姓都相信约翰是先知。[14]{DA 593.4}
§31
The priests saw that they were in a dilemma from which no sophistry could extricate them. If they said that Johns baptism was from heaven, their inconsistency would be made apparent. Christ would say, Why have ye not then believed on him? John had testified of Christ, Behold 5the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world. John 1:29. If the priests believed Johns testimony, how could they deny the Messiahship of Christ? If they declared their real belief, that Johns ministry was of men, they would bring upon themselves a storm of indignation; for the people believed John to be a prophet. {DA 593.4}[14]
§32
民众很关切地等待着祭司们的回答。他们知道祭司们过去承认过约翰的工作，所以想他们这次必会毫无疑问地回答说，约翰是上帝所差来的。但是祭司们在一起秘密商议之后，决定不发表意见。于是他们假装无知，说：“我们不知道。”基督说：“我也不告诉你们我仗着什么权柄作这些事。”[15]{DA 594.1}
§33
With intense interest the multitude awaited the decision. They knew that the priests had professed to accept the ministry of John, and they expected them to acknowledge without a question that he was sent from God. But after conferring secretly together, the priests decided not to commit themselves. Hypocritically professing ignorance, they said, We cannot tell. Neither tell I you, said Christ, by what authority I do these things. {DA 594.1}[15]
§34
文士、祭司和官长们哑口无言，张皇失措地皱着眉头站在那里，不敢再向基督发什么问题。他们的怯懦和犹豫使他们威风扫地。现在众人正站在旁边望着这些自高自傲、自称为义的人失败而好笑。[16]{DA 594.2}
§35
Scribes, priests, and rulers were all silenced. Baffled and disappointed, they stood with lowering brows, not daring to press further questions upon Christ. By their cowardice and indecision they had in a great measure forfeited the respect of the people, who now stood by, amused to see these proud, self-righteous men defeated. {DA 594.2}[16]
§36
基督这一切的言论和作为都是重要的。其影响在他被钉和升天之后愈久愈大。许多迫切等待着看结果的人，在这一天被他的话所感动，终于成了他的门徒，圣殿院子里的这幅景象，是他们所铭心不忘的。耶稣和大祭司在一起对话时，二者之间的对比非常明显。那傲慢的圣殿首长身穿富丽华贵的服装，头戴光芒闪烁的冠冕；他的态度是庄严的，高年的白发银须令人望而生畏。在这威风凛凛的贵人面前站着天上之君,不戴装饰、没有炫耀。他的衣服因征尘退色，面容憔悴枯槁，表露着坚韧的悲戚；他那威严和仁慈的仪表，与大祭司那骄傲、自恃和恼怒的神色截然不同。许多在圣殿里看到耶稣的作为，听到他言论的人，从那日起心中敬奉他为上帝的先知。但舆论越是拥戴耶稣，祭司们对他的仇恨就越发剧烈。他为摆脱他们的网罗所显示的智慧，虽然是证明他神性的新凭据,却使祭司们的仇恨火上加油。[17]{DA 594.3}
§37
All these sayings and doings of Christ were important, and their influence was to be felt in an ever-increasing degree after His crucifixion and ascension. Many of those who had anxiously awaited the result of the questioning of Jesus were finally to become His disciples, first drawn toward Him by His words on that eventful day. The scene in the temple court was never to fade from their minds. The contrast between Jesus and the high priest as they talked together was marked. The proud dignitary of the temple was clothed in rich and costly garments. Upon his head was a glittering tiara. His bearing was majestic, his hair and his long flowing beard were silvered by age. His appearance awed the beholders. Before this august personage stood the Majesty of heaven, without adornment or display. His garments were travel stained; His face was pale, and expressed a patient sadness; yet written there were dignity and benevolence that contrasted strangely with the proud, self-confident, and angry air of the high priest. Many of those who witnessed the words and deeds of Jesus in the temple from that time enshrined Him in their hearts as a prophet of God. But as the popular feeling turned in His favor, the hatred of the priests toward Jesus increased. The wisdom by which He escaped the snares set for His feet, being a new evidence of His divinity, added fuel to their wrath. {DA 594.3}[17]
§38
基督与拉比们辩论，目的并不是要使他们难堪。他并不乐于看见他们进退两难。他乃是要提出一个重要的教训。基督让他的仇敌陷入自己所布置的网罗之中，使他们十分懊恼。他们既承认不知道约翰洗礼的来源，这就给基督一个讲话的机会。他便利用这机会，将他们实际的状况向他们指明，在已经给他们的许多警告上，再加上一个警告。[18]{DA 594.4}
§39
In His contest with the rabbis, it was not Christs purpose to humiliate His opponents. He was not glad to see them in a hard place. He had 5an important lesson to teach. He had mortified His enemies by allowing them to be entangled in the net they had spread for Him. Their acknowledged ignorance in regard to the character of Johns baptism gave Him an opportunity to speak, and He improved the opportunity by presenting before them their real position, adding another warning to the many already given. {DA 594.4}[18]
§40
他说：“一个人有两个儿子。他来对大儿子说：‘我儿,你今天到葡萄园里去作工。’他回答说，‘我不去’,以后自己懊悔，就去了。又来对小儿子也是这样说。他回答说，‘父啊,我去’,他却不去。你们想这两个儿子,是哪一个遵行父命呢？”[19]{DA 595.1}
§41
What think ye? He said. A certain man had two sons; and he came to the first, and said, Son, go work today in my vineyard. He answered and said, I will not: but afterward he repented, and went. And he came to the second, and said likewise. And he answered and said, I go, sir: and went not. Whether of them twain did the will of his father? {DA 595.1}[19]
§42
基督骤然提出这问题，使听的人没能看出他的用意，因只顾留意听他讲这比喻，便随口答道：“大儿子。”耶稣定睛望着他们,严厉而郑重地对他们说：“我实在告诉你们：税吏和娼妓倒比你们先进上帝的国。因为约翰遵着义路到你们这里来，你们却不信他；税吏和娼妓倒信他。你们看见了，后来还是不懊悔去信他。”[20]{DA 595.2}
§43
This abrupt question threw His hearers off their guard. They had followed the parable closely, and now immediately answered, The first. Fixing His steady eye upon them, Jesus responded in stern and solemn tones: Verily I say unto you, That the publicans and the harlots go into the kingdom of God before you. For John came unto you in the way of righteousness, and ye believed him not: but the publicans and the harlots believed him: and ye, when ye had seen it, repented not afterward, that ye might believe him. {DA 595.2}[20]
§44
祭司和官长们不能不给基督的问题一个正确的答案，这样他就令他们发表一个赞许大儿子的意见。这个大儿子代表法利赛人所轻视、所憎恶的税吏。税吏是最没道德的人，他们的确是犯了上帝的律法，他们的生活显明他们是绝对地抗拒上帝的命令，是忘恩负义、心不圣洁的。当他们被召到耶和华的葡萄园里去作工时，他们傲慢地拒绝了。但当约翰来讲论悔改和受洗的道理时，税吏倒接受了他的信息并受了洗。[21]{DA 595.3}
§45
The priests and rulers could not but give a correct answer to Christs question, and thus He obtained their opinion in favor of the first son. This son represented the publicans, those who were despised and hated by the Pharisees. The publicans had been grossly immoral. They had indeed been transgressors of the law of God, showing in their lives an absolute resistance to His requirements. They had been unthankful and unholy; when told to go and work in the Lords vineyard, they had given a contemptuous refusal. But when John came, preaching repentance and baptism, the publicans received his message and were baptized. {DA 595.3}[21]
§46
小儿子代表着犹太国的领导人物。固然，有一些法利赛人也悔改并领受过约翰的洗礼，但国内的领袖们却不肯承认约翰是从上帝那里来的。约翰的警告和斥责没有使他们进行改革。他们也“没有受过约翰的洗，竟为自己废弃了上帝的旨意。”（路7:30）他们藐视约翰的信息，像那小儿子一样，在被召的时候说：“父啊，我去，”却没有去。祭司和官长们虽然口头上顺从，但行为上却没有顺从。他们夸耀自己的敬虔，自称顺从上帝的律法，其实他们的顺从是虚伪的。税吏是被法利赛人所摈弃并被斥责为不信之人；可是税吏的信心和行为显明，他们倒比那些被赐予极大的亮光而自以为义的人先进天国。因为那些人的行为与其口头的虔诚根本不相符合。[22]{DA 595.4}
§47
The second son represented the leading men of the Jewish nation. Some of the Pharisees had repented and received the baptism of John; but the leaders would not acknowledge that he came from God. His warnings and denunciations did not lead them to reformation. They rejected the counsel of God against themselves, being not baptized of him. Luke 7:30. They treated his message with disdain. Like the second son, who, when called, said, I go, sir, but went not, the priests and rulers professed obedience, but acted disobedience. They made great professions of piety, they claimed to be obeying the law of God, but they rendered only a false obedience. The publicans were denounced and cursed by the Pharisees as infidels; but they showed by their faith and works that 5they were going into the kingdom of heaven before those self-righteous men who had been given great light, but whose works did not correspond to their profession of godliness. {DA 595.4}[22]
§48
祭司和官长们不愿听取这些深挖人心的真理，他们依然沉默无言，等耶稣说一些他们能用来告他的话；其实，还有难听的话在后头呢。[23]{DA 596.1}
§49
The priests and rulers were unwilling to bear these searching truths; they remained silent, however, hoping that Jesus would say something which they could turn against Him; but they had still more to bear. {DA 596.1}[23]
§50
基督说：“你们再听一个比喻：有个家主，栽了一个葡萄园，周围圈上篱笆，里面挖了一个压酒池，盖了一座楼，租给园户，就往外国去了。收果子的时候近了，就打发仆人到园户那里去收果子。园户拿住仆人，打了一个，杀了一个，用石头打死一个。主人又打发别的仆人去，比先前更多，园户还是照样待他们。后来打发他的儿子到他们那里去,意思说：‘他们必尊敬我的儿子。’不料,园户看见他儿子，就彼此说：‘这是承受产业的。来吧！我们杀他，占他的产业！’他们就拿住他，推出葡萄园外杀了。园主来的时候，要怎样处治这些园户呢？”[24]{DA 596.2}
§51
Hear another parable, Christ said: There was a certain householder, which planted a vineyard, and hedged it round about, and digged a wine press in it, and built a tower, and let it out to husbandmen, and went into a far country: and when the time of the fruit drew near, he sent his servants to the husbandmen, that they might receive the fruits of it. And the husbandmen took his servants, and beat one, and killed another, and stoned another. Again, he sent other servants more than the first: and they did unto them likewise. But last of all he sent unto them his son, saying, They will reverence my son. But when the husbandmen saw the son, they said among themselves, This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and let us seize on his inheritance. And they caught him, and cast him out of the vineyard, and slew him. When the lord therefore of the vineyard cometh, what will he do unto those husbandmen? {DA 596.2}[24]
§52
耶稣这问题原是向在场的众人发的，可是祭司和官长们回答说：“要下毒手除灭那些恶人，将葡萄园另租给那按着时候交果子的园户。”说话的人起先还没领悟到这比喻的寓意，现在却看出他们已经宣布了自己的罪状。在这比喻中，园主代表上帝，葡萄园代表犹太国。篱笆代表保护他们的上帝的律法，高楼代表圣殿。园主为求葡萄园茂盛，曾尽一切努力。他说：“我为我葡萄园所作之外，还有什么可作的呢？”（赛5:4）这说明了上帝对以色列人无微不至的照顾。园户必须将应纳的一分葡萄园的果子交还主人。照样，上帝的子民也应当表现出与他们所受的神圣特权相应的生活，以此来荣耀上帝。园户怎样杀了主人差来收果子的仆人，照样，犹太人也杀害了上帝所差来劝他们悔改的先知。前前后后的使者都被他们杀害了。这个比喻的寓意到此为止，用不着往下问了；而且以后如何，也一样清楚可见。园主最后打发他爱子到抗命的园户那里，他们却拿住他，把他杀了。祭司和官长们至此才明白，这正是耶稣将面临的遭遇的一个鲜明写照。这时他们已经在阴谋杀害天父所差来向他们作最后劝告的主。那落在忘恩负义的园户头上的种种报应，正是那些杀害基督之人的厄运。[25]{DA 596.3}
§53
Jesus addressed all the people present; but the priests and rulers answered. He will miserably destroy those wicked men, they said, and will let out his vineyard unto other husbandmen, which shall render him the fruits in their seasons. The speakers had not at first perceived the application of the parable, but they now saw that they had pronounced their own condemnation. In the parable the householder represented God, the vineyard the Jewish nation, and the hedge the divine law which was their protection. The tower was a symbol of the temple. The lord of the vineyard had done everything needful for its prosperity. What could have been done more to my vineyard, he says, that I have not done in it. Isaiah 5:4. Thus was represented Gods unwearied care for Israel. And as the husbandmen were to return to the lord a due proportion of the fruits of the vineyard, so Gods people were to honor Him by a life corresponding to their sacred privileges. But as the husbandmen had killed the servants whom the master sent to them for fruit, so the Jews had put to death the prophets whom God sent to call them to repentance. Messenger after messenger had been slain. Thus far the application of the parable could not be questioned, and in what followed it was not less evident. In the beloved son whom the lord of the vineyard finally sent to his disobedient servants, and whom they 5seized and slew, the priests and rulers saw a distinct picture of Jesus and His impending fate. Already they were planning to slay Him whom the Father had sent to them as a last appeal. In the retribution inflicted upon the ungrateful husbandmen was portrayed the doom of those who should put Christ to death. {DA 596.3}[25]
§54
救主很慈怜地望着他们，说下去：“经上写着：‘匠人所弃的石头，已作了房角的头块石头。这是主所作的，在我们眼中看为希奇。’这经你们没有念过吗？所以我告诉你们，上帝的国必从你们夺去,赐给那能结果子的百姓。谁掉在这石头上，必要跌碎；这石头掉在谁的身上，就要把谁砸得稀烂。”[26]{DA 597.1}
§55
Looking with pity upon them, the Saviour continued, Did ye never read in the Scriptures, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner: this is the Lords doing, and it is marvelous in our eyes? Therefore say I unto you, The kingdom of God shall be taken from you, and given to a nation bringing forth the fruits thereof. And whosoever shall fall on this stone shall be broken: but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder. {DA 597.1}[26]
§56
这段预言是犹太人常在会堂里念诵的，用来预表将要来的弥赛亚。基督是犹太制度和整个救恩计划的房角石。犹太的建筑家,就是以色列的祭司和官长们,现今正在丢弃这块基石。救主叫他们注意那指明他们危险处境的预言。他要尽到一切努力，用尽所有方法使他们看清自己将要作之事的性质。[27]{DA 597.2}
§57
This prophecy the Jews had often repeated in the synagogues, applying it to the coming Messiah. Christ was the cornerstone of the Jewish economy, and of the whole plan of salvation. This foundation stone the Jewish builders, the priests and rulers of Israel, were now rejecting. The Saviour called their attention to the prophecies that would show them their danger. By every means in His power He sought to make plain to them the nature of the deed they were about to do. {DA 597.2}[27]
§58
基督的话还有个用意。他有意地发问：“园主来的时候，要怎样处治这些园户呢？”法利赛人的回答正是他所要的答案。他要他们定自己的罪。他的警告既不能唤起他们悔改，就必注定他们的厄运。他也要他们看出：他们的灭亡是咎由自取。他诚心要他们看出：上帝收回犹太国的特权，是公义的。况且他已经开始收回这些特权，其结果不但是他们的圣殿和圣城要遭到毁灭，而且全国人民都要四散。[28]{DA 597.3}
§59
And His words had another purpose. In asking the question, When the lord therefore of the vineyard cometh, what will he do unto those husbandmen? Christ designed that the Pharisees should answer as they did. He designed that they should condemn themselves. His warnings, failing to arouse them to repentance, would seal their doom, and He wished them to see that they had brought ruin on themselves. He designed to show them the justice of God in the withdrawal of their national privileges, which had already begun, and which would end, not only in the destruction of their temple and their city, but in the dispersion of the nation. {DA 597.3}[28]
§60
听众听出了这个警告。祭司和官长们虽然才宣布了自己的罪状，可是他们还在准备实行比喻中的话：“这是承受产业的。来吧！我们杀他。”“他们想要捉拿他，只是怕众人”，因为当时的舆论是拥戴基督的。[29]{DA 597.4}
§61
The hearers recognized the warning. But notwithstanding the sentence they themselves had pronounced, the priests and rulers were ready to fill out the picture by saying, This is the heir; come, let us kill him. But when they sought to lay hands on Him, they feared the multitude, for the public sentiment was in Christs favor. {DA 597.4}[29]
§62
基督所引用的那被弃石头的预言，是记在以色列史中的一件事实，发生在第一次建殿时。它特别适用于基督的第一次降临，对犹太人是特别有力的劝告，但也是对我们的教训。当所罗门王造圣殿时，建墙壁和根基的大石，全是在山上凿成的，故运到建筑工地时，就不再加工。石匠只要把它安放在适当位置上就好了。当一块预备作根基的尺寸不合，造型特殊的石头运来时，石匠找不到合适的地位安放之，便弃于一旁不用。它长久搁置不用,碍手碍脚,令人厌烦,经久成了一块被弃的石头。及至建筑师要安放房角石时,他们需要一块有相当体积、硬度、并适合造型的石头，好放在特定位置上承受压在其上的重量。找了很久也没有找到。如果不为这个重要方位选择一块合用的石头，则整个建筑就有倒塌的危险。他们必须找一块能经得起烈日曝晒和风霜侵蚀的石头。他们有几次选了一些石头，可是在极大的压力下都压碎了。另些石头经不起气候的突变。最后他们才注意到那块久被丢弃的石头。它曾露天闲放许久，饱受烈日和风雨的侵蚀,但没有一丝裂痕。建筑师检验了这块石头，所有的条件都合格，但还要经一次试验。如果受得起重大的压力，便决定用它作房角石，试验通过之后，就把这块石头放在指定的位置上，分毫不差，恰到好处。以赛亚在异象中得蒙指示，这块石头就是基督的预表。他说：[30]{DA 597.5}
§63
In quoting the prophecy of the rejected stone, Christ referred to an actual occurrence in the history of Israel. The incident was connected with the building of the first temple. While it had a special application at the time of Christs first advent, and should have appealed with special force to the Jews, it has also a lesson for us. When the temple of Solomon 5was erected, the immense stones for the walls and the foundation were entirely prepared at the quarry; after they were brought to the place of building, not an instrument was to be used upon them; the workmen had only to place them in position. For use in the foundation, one stone of unusual size and peculiar shape had been brought; but the workmen could find no place for it, and would not accept it. It was an annoyance to them as it lay unused in their way. Long it remained a rejected stone. But when the builders came to the laying of the corner, they searched for a long time to find a stone of sufficient size and strength, and of the proper shape, to take that particular place, and bear the great weight which would rest upon it. Should they make an unwise choice for this important place, the safety of the entire building would be endangered. They must find a stone capable of resisting the influence of the sun, of frost, and of tempest. Several stones had at different times been chosen, but under the pressure of immense weights they had crumbled to pieces. Others could not bear the test of the sudden atmospheric changes. But at last attention was called to the stone so long rejected. It had been exposed to the air, to sun and storm, without revealing the slightest crack. The builders examined this stone. It had borne every test but one. If it could bear the test of severe pressure, they decided to accept it for the cornerstone. The trial was made. The stone was accepted, brought to its assigned position, and found to be an exact fit. In prophetic vision, Isaiah was shown that this stone was a symbol of Christ. He says: {DA 597.5}[30]
§64
“但要尊万军之耶和华为圣，以他为你们所当怕的、所当畏惧的。他必作为圣所，却向以色列两家作绊脚的石头、跌人的磐石；向耶路撒冷的居民作为圈套和网罗。许多人必在其上绊脚跌倒，而且跌碎，并陷入网罗被缠住。”先知在异象中看到基督第一次降临时，他将遭受种种试炼和考验。而且在所罗门王建造圣殿时，那块主要的房角石所有的遭遇正是预表了基督的经历。“所以主耶和华如此说：看哪，我在锡安放一块石头作为根基，是试验过的石头，是稳固根基，宝贵的房角石，信靠的人必不着急。”（赛8:13-15；28:16）。[31]{DA 598.1}
§65
Sanctify the Lord of hosts Himself; and let Him be your fear, and let Him be your dread. And He shall be for a sanctuary; but for a stone of stumbling and for a rock of offense to both the houses of Israel, for a gin and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem. And many among them shall stumble, and fall, and be broken, and be snared, and be taken. Carried down in prophetic vision to the first advent, the prophet is shown that Christ is to bear trials and tests of which the treatment of the chief cornerstone in the temple of Solomon was symbolic. Therefore thus saith the Lord God, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious cornerstone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste. Isaiah 8:13-15; 28:16. {DA 598.1}[31]
§66
上帝以他无穷的智慧，拣选并亲自安放了这块基石，并称之为“稳固的根基”。全世界的人类尽可以把他们的重担和忧患放在其上，它足能担当一切。他们尽可以放心地在其上进行建造。基督是“试验过的石头”，凡信靠他的人，他总不使他们失望。他已经受各种考验。他已承受了亚当的罪担和他子子孙孙的罪担，不仅得胜了那恶者的权势，并且得胜有余。每个悔改的罪人放在他身上的重担，他都肩负起来了。有罪的人在基督里得了拯救。他是稳固的根基,凡倚靠他的有绝对的安全。[32]{DA 598.2}
§67
In infinite wisdom, God chose the foundation stone, and laid it Himself. He called it a sure foundation. The entire world may lay upon it their burdens and griefs; it can endure them all. With perfect safety they may build upon it. Christ is a tried stone. Those who trust in Him, He never disappoints. He has borne every test. He has endured the pressure 5of Adams guilt, and the guilt of his posterity, and has come off more than conqueror of the powers of evil. He has borne the burdens cast upon Him by every repenting sinner. In Christ the guilty heart has found relief. He is the sure foundation. All who make Him their dependence rest in perfect security. {DA 598.2}[32]
§68
在以赛亚的预言中，基督被称为稳固的根基，也被称为绊脚的石头。使徒彼得受圣灵的感动，在他的书信中清楚地说明了基督对哪一些人是房角的石头，对哪一些人是跌人的盘石。他说：[33]{DA 599.1}
§69
In Isaiahs prophecy, Christ is declared to be both a sure foundation and a stone of stumbling. The apostle Peter, writing by inspiration of the Holy Spirit, clearly shows to whom Christ is a foundation stone, and to whom a rock of offense: {DA 599.1}[33]
§70
“你们若尝过主恩的滋味，就必如此。主乃活石，固然是被人所弃的,却是被上帝所拣选、所宝贵的。你们来到主面前，也就像活石，被建造成为灵宫，作圣洁的祭司，藉着耶稣基督奉献上帝所悦纳的灵祭。因为经上说：‘看哪，我把所拣选、所宝贵的房角石安放在锡安，信靠他的人必不至于羞愧。’所以，他在你们信的人就为宝贵，在那不信的人有话说：‘匠人所弃的石头已作了房角的头块石头。’又说：‘作了绊脚的石头,跌人的磐石。’他们既不顺从，就在道理上绊跌。”（彼前2:3-8）[34]{DA 599.2}
§71
If so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious. To whom coming, as unto a living stone, disallowed indeed of men, but chosen of God, and precious, ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ. Wherefore also it is contained in the Scripture, Behold, I lay in Sion a chief cornerstone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on Him shall not be confounded. Unto you therefore which believe He is precious: but unto them which be disobedient, the stone which the builders disallowed, the same is made the head of the corner, and a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offense, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient. 1 Peter 2:3-8. {DA 599.2}[34]
§72
对相信的人，基督是稳固的根基。这些人就是跌在磐石上而且跌碎的。这就是归顺基督并相信他的人所必有的经验。跌在磐石上而且跌碎，就是放弃自以为义的心，而存着小孩子般的谦卑来到基督面前，悔改我们的过犯,并且相信他赦罪之爱。照样，我们也因着信心和顺从，以基督为根基,并在其上建造。[35]{DA 599.3}
§73
To those who believe, Christ is the sure foundation. These are they who fall upon the Rock and are broken. Submission to Christ and faith in Him are here represented. To fall upon the Rock and be broken is to give up our self-righteousness and to go to Christ with the humility of a child, repenting of our transgressions, and believing in His forgiving love. And so also it is by faith and obedience that we build on Christ as our foundation. {DA 599.3}[35]
§74
犹太人和外邦人都可以在这活石上建造。这是唯一的根基，我们可以稳固地造在其上。这石头广大无边，足供人人使用；坚强有力，能负荷全世界罪担的重量。藉着与活基石基督相联合，凡在这根基上建造的人，也就成了活石。许多人想靠自己的努力来斧削、琢磨、装饰自己，但因为没有与基督联合，就不能成为“活石”。没有这种联合，就没有人能得救。若没有基督的生命在我们里面，我们就经不起试探的风暴。我们永久的安全，有赖于我们是不是建造在稳固的根基之上。今日许多人建造在一些没有经过试验的根基上，于是在雨淋、风吹、水冲时，他们的房子就倒塌了。这是因为没有建造在那万古的磐石、房角的头块石头基督耶稣身上。[36]{DA 599.4}
§75
Upon this living stone, Jews and Gentiles alike may build. This is the only foundation upon which we may securely build. It is broad enough for all, and strong enough to sustain the weight and burden of the whole world. And by connection with Christ, the living stone, all who build upon this foundation become living stones. Many persons are by their own endeavors hewn, polished, and beautified; but they cannot become living stones, because they are not connected with Christ. Without this connection, no man can be saved. Without the life of Christ in us, we cannot withstand the storms of temptation. Our eternal safety depends upon our building upon the sure foundation. Multitudes are today building upon foundations that have not been tested. When the rain falls, and the tempest rages, and the floods come, 6their house will fall, because it is not founded upon the eternal Rock, the chief cornerstone Christ Jesus. {DA 599.4}[36]
§76
“他们既不顺从，就在道理上绊跌。”基督是一块跌人的磐石。但“匠人所弃的石头，已作了房角的头块石头。”基督像那被弃的石头一样，他在地上作工时，曾被人轻视，受人凌辱。“他被藐视，被人厌弃，多受痛苦,常经忧患。他被藐视，……我们也不尊重他。”（赛53:3）但他得荣耀的时候近了，他因从死里复活“以大能显明是上帝的儿子”（罗1:4）。在他第二次降临时，就要显现为天地的主宰。到那日，那些现在准备钉死他的人必承认他的伟大。在全宇宙之前，那被弃的石头要成为房角的头块石头。[37]{DA 600.1}
§77
To them which stumble at the word, being disobedient, Christ is a rock of offense. But the stone which the builders disallowed, the same is made the head of the corner. Like the rejected stone, Christ in His earthly mission had borne neglect and abuse. He was despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: . . . He was despised, and we esteemed Him not. Isaiah 53:3. But the time was near when He would be glorified. By the resurrection from the dead He would be declared the Son of God with power. Romans 1:4. At His second coming He would be revealed as Lord of heaven and earth. Those who were now about to crucify Him would recognize His greatness. Before the universe the rejected stone would become the head of the corner. {DA 600.1}[37]
§78
“这石头掉在谁的身上，就要把谁砸得稀烂。”那些拒绝基督的人，不久就要看见他们的圣城和国家全被毁灭了。他们的荣耀就要消失，正如灰尘被风吹散一样。而那使犹太人灭亡的是什么呢？就是那块磐石。如果他们建造在其上，他们原是可以得到安全的。他们之所以灭亡，是因为他们藐视上帝的良善，拒绝他的公义,轻视他的怜爱。人自处于敌对上帝的立场，以致本来足以拯救他们的，倒转而把他们毁灭了。上帝预定赐他们生命的事，反而使他们死亡了。犹太人钉死基督同耶路撒冷的毁灭有直接的关系。在髑髅地流的血既归到他们身上，其分量之重，足以使他们今生来生永远陷在灭亡的深渊之中。在那最后的大日也必如此。当审判临到那些拒绝上帝恩典之人时，他们所弃绝的磐石基督，倒要向他们显现为一座报应的大山。他脸上的荣光，对义人是生命，对恶人却是烈火。罪人之所以灭亡，乃是因为拒绝了上帝的慈爱，藐视了他的恩典。[38]{DA 600.2}
§79
And on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder. The people who rejected Christ were soon to see their city and their nation destroyed. Their glory would be broken, and scattered as the dust before the wind. And what was it that destroyed the Jews? It was the rock which, had they built upon it, would have been their security. It was the goodness of God despised, the righteousness spurned, the mercy slighted. Men set themselves in opposition to God, and all that would have been their salvation was turned to their destruction. All that God ordained unto life they found to be unto death. In the Jews crucifixion of Christ was involved the destruction of Jerusalem. The blood shed upon Calvary was the weight that sank them to ruin for this world and for the world to come. So it will be in the great final day, when judgment shall fall upon the rejecters of Gods grace. Christ, their rock of offense, will then appear to them as an avenging mountain. The glory of His countenance, which to the righteous is life, will be to the wicked a consuming fire. Because of love rejected, grace despised, the sinner will be destroyed. {DA 600.2}[38]
§80
耶稣用许多比喻和屡次警告，说明了犹太人拒绝上帝的儿子所必有的结果。他也用这些话来警告各世代一切不肯接受他为救赎主的人。每一个警告都是向他们发的。那被污秽了的圣殿，不顺从的儿子，凶恶的园户，傲慢的建造者，在每个罪人的经验上都有其相对应的实际。人若不悔改，比喻中所预示的厄运必然成为他的结局。[39]{DA 600.3}
§81
By many illustrations and repeated warnings, Jesus showed what would be the result to the Jews of rejecting the Son of God. In these words He was addressing all in every age who refuse to receive Him as their Redeemer. Every warning is for them. The desecrated temple, the disobedient son, the false husbandmen, the contemptuous builders, have their counterpart in the experience of every sinner. Unless he repent, the doom which they foreshadowed will be his. {DA 600.3}[39]