第43章 消除种族的歧视
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第43章 消除种族的歧视
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Chap. 43 - Barriers Broken Down
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（本章根据：太15:21-28；可7:24-30）
§4
耶稣和法利赛人辩论一番之后，就离开迦百农，经加利利往腓尼基边境的山地去了。从那里西望，能看见山下大平原上的两座古城，推罗和西顿。城里有异教的庙宇，壮丽的宫殿，繁忙的市场和泊满船只的海港。再望过去，是蔚蓝的地中海。福音的使者将来要渡过这茫茫的大海，把大喜的信息传到这世界大帝国的许多都市去。但时机尚未成熟。耶稣当前的工作是预备门徒担负他们的使命。他到这边境地区来，希望得到在伯赛大未能得到的休息。但这还不是他这次旅行唯一目的。[1]{DA 399.1}
§5
After the encounter with the Pharisees, Jesus withdrew from Capernaum, and crossing Galilee, repaired to the hill country on the borders of Phoenicia. Looking westward, He could see, spread out upon the plain below, the ancient cities of Tyre and Sidon, with their heathen temples, their magnificent palaces and marts of trade, and the harbors filled with shipping. Beyond was the blue expanse of the Mediterranean, over which the messengers of the gospel were to bear its glad tidings to the centers of the worlds great empire. But the time was not yet. The work before Him now was to prepare His disciples for their mission. In coming to this region He hoped to find the retirement He had failed to secure at Bethsaida. Yet this was not His only purpose in taking this journey. {DA 399.1}[1]
§6
“有一个迦南妇人从那地方出来，喊着说：‘主啊！大卫的子孙，可怜我！我女儿被鬼附得甚苦。’”这地方的居民属于古迦南族。因为他们拜偶像，所以是被犹太人所鄙视和憎恶。现在来求耶稣的妇人，就属这一族的人。她是个异教徒，不能享受犹太人享有的权利。当时有许多犹太人杂居在腓尼基人之间，所以基督工作的消息已经传到这一带。那里有些人曾听过耶稣讲道，并亲眼见过他行奇事。这个妇人也听说过这位先知能医治各种疾病。当她听人讲说耶稣的大能时，心里不禁生出了希望。她为母爱所驱使，决心求耶稣医治她女儿的病。她曾向邪神求告，并未见效；故她心里不时有疑问：这位犹太的教师能为我作什么呢？但她听说耶稣确能医治各种疾病；而且凡向他求助的，不论贫富，他都一视同仁。于是她决不放过这唯一希望。[2]{DA 399.2}
§7
Behold, a Canaanitish woman came out from those borders, and cried, saying, Have mercy on me, O Lord, Thou Son of David; my daughter is grievously vexed with a devil. Matthew 15:22, R. V. The people of this district were of the old Canaanite race. They were idolaters, and were despised and hated by the Jews. To this class belonged the woman who now came to Jesus. She was a heathen, and was therefore excluded from the advantages which the Jews daily enjoyed. There 4were many Jews living among the Phoenicians, and the tidings of Christs work had penetrated to this region. Some of the people had listened to His words and had witnessed His wonderful works. This woman had heard of the prophet, who, it was reported, healed all manner of diseases. As she heard of His power, hope sprang up in her heart. Inspired by a mothers love, she determined to present her daughters case to Him. It was her resolute purpose to bring her affliction to Jesus. He must heal her child. She had sought help from the heathen gods, but had obtained no relief. And at times she was tempted to think, What can this Jewish teacher do for me? But the word had come, He heals all manner of diseases, whether those who come to Him for help are rich or poor. She determined not to lose her only hope. {DA 399.2}[2]
§8
基督明白这妇人的境况，知道她渴望见他，故特意置身于她来的路上。透过解除她的忧患，他就能将他想给人的教训作个活的说明。他把门徒带到这一带，就是为此：要他们看看，以色列邻近地带的城乡中愚昧无知的状况。那曾有很多机会明白真理的以色列民，不知道周围人群的需要，也不出力帮助在黑暗里的生灵。犹太人的骄傲造成的隔墙，使门徒也不同情异邦人。这种族的歧视必须消除。[3]{DA 400.1}
§9
Christ knew this womans situation. He knew that she was longing to see Him, and He placed Himself in her path. By ministering to her sorrow, He could give a living representation of the lesson He designed to teach. For this He had brought His disciples into this region. He desired them to see the ignorance existing in cities and villages close to the land of Israel. The people who had been given every opportunity to understand the truth were without a knowledge of the needs of those around them. No effort was made to help souls in darkness. The partition wall which Jewish pride had erected, shut even the disciples from sympathy with the heathen world. But these barriers were to be broken down. {DA 400.1}[3]
§10
基督没有立刻应允妇人的要求。他照犹太人的习俗来对待这被歧视民族的代表。耶稣要门徒先从他待妇人的态度上，看出犹太人在同样情形之下的冷酷无情作风；再从他以后应允妇人的请求上，体会到耶稣要他们对这种苦恼的人所应表示的仁慈。[4]{DA 400.2}
§11
Christ did not immediately reply to the womans request. He received this representative of a despised race as the Jews would have done. In this He designed that His disciples should be impressed with the cold and heartless manner in which the Jews would treat such a case, as evinced by His reception of the woman, and the compassionate manner in which He would have them deal with such distress, as manifested by His subsequent granting of her petition. {DA 400.2}[4]
§12
耶稣虽然没有答复，但妇人并没有失去信心。耶稣像没有听见她的呼求似地，只管向前走。她却跟在后面不断地恳求。门徒因她缠绕不休很是厌烦，就请耶稣打发她走开。他们看见夫子对她漠不关心，就以为犹太人对迦南人的歧视也是耶稣所赞许的。但妇人所求的乃是慈怜的救主。耶稣回答门徒的要求说：“我奉差遣，不过是到以色列家迷失的羊那里去。”听起来这似乎符合犹太人的成见，其实它含有谴责门徒的意思。他们后来才明白，这是提醒他们他常告诉他们的话——他到世上来，就是为了拯救凡愿意接受他的人。[5]{DA 400.3}
§13
But although Jesus did not reply, the woman did not lose faith. As He passed on, as if not hearing her, she followed Him, continuing her supplications. Annoyed by her importunities, the disciples asked Jesus to send her away. They saw that their Master treated her with indifference, and they therefore supposed that the prejudice of the Jews against the Canaanites was pleasing to Him. But it was a pitying Saviour to whom the woman made her plea, and in answer to the request of the disciples, Jesus said, I am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house 4of Israel. Although this answer appeared to be in accordance with the prejudice of the Jews, it was an implied rebuke to the disciples, which they afterward understood as reminding them of what He had often told them,--that He came to the world to save all who would accept Him. {DA 400.3}[5]
§14
那妇人的恳求却越发诚恳了，她俯伏在耶稣脚前说：“主啊，帮助我！”耶稣显然仍在照犹太人冷酷的偏见拒绝她的恳求，回答说：“不好拿儿女的饼丢给狗吃。”就是说，上帝赐给他所眷爱的子民的恩泽，浪费在与以色列无关的外人身上，是不合适的。对于一个心不恳切的请求者，耶稣的这种回答，很能让人灰心失望。那妇人看出她的机会来了，她晓得耶稣表面上虽在拒绝，但内心的慈悲却隐藏不住。便说：“主啊，不错，但是狗也吃它主人桌子上掉下来的碎渣儿。”家里的儿女固然在父亲的桌上吃饭，但狗也不至于挨饿呀。狗可以吃那桌上掉下来的碎渣儿。以色列人既能得到许多福惠，难道没有一点恩惠赐给她吗？她被视为一条狗，岂不能像狗一样，从主的丰盛中求得一点碎渣儿吗？[6]{DA 401.1}
§15
The woman urged her case with increased earnestness, bowing at Christs feet, and crying, Lord, help me. Jesus, still apparently rejecting her entreaties, according to the unfeeling prejudice of the Jews, answered, It is not meet to take the childrens bread, and to cast it to dogs. This was virtually asserting that it was not just to lavish the blessings brought to the favored people of God upon strangers and aliens from Israel. This answer would have utterly discouraged a less earnest seeker. But the woman saw that her opportunity had come. Beneath the apparent refusal of Jesus, she saw a compassion that He could not hide. Truth, Lord, she answered, yet the dogs eat of the crumbs which fall from their masters table. While the children of the household eat at the fathers table, even the dogs are not left unfed. They have a right to the crumbs that fall from the table abundantly supplied. So while there were many blessings given to Israel, was there not also a blessing for her? She was looked upon as a dog, and had she not then a dogs claim to a crumb from His bounty? {DA 401.1}[6]
§16
当时耶稣刚离开他工作的地点，因文士和法利赛人要寻索他的命。他们心怀不平，口吐怨言，表示不信和狠毒，拒绝那白白赐给他们的救恩。到了这里，基督在被轻视的民族中遇见个不幸的妇人。她不曾受到上帝真道之光的恩照，她却立时接受基督神圣的感化，笃信他能应允她的要求。她乞求主人的桌子上掉下来的碎渣儿。只要能享受到狗的待遇，她情愿被看作为一条狗。她没有民族或宗教的偏见，没有骄傲来影响她的行动，她当即承认耶稣为救赎主，并相信他能成全她一切所求的。[7]{DA 401.2}
§17
Jesus had just departed from His field of labor because the scribes and Pharisees were seeking to take His life. They murmured and complained. They manifested unbelief and bitterness, and refused the salvation so freely offered them. Here Christ meets one of an unfortunate and despised race, that has not been favored with the light of Gods word; yet she yields at once to the divine influence of Christ, and has implicit faith in His ability to grant the favor she asks. She begs for the crumbs that fall from the Masters table. If she may have the privilege of a dog, she is willing to be regarded as a dog. She has no national or religious prejudice or pride to influence her course, and she immediately acknowledges Jesus as the Redeemer, and as being able to do all that she asks of Him. {DA 401.2}[7]
§18
救主满意了。他试验了这妇人对他的信心。耶稣在待她的事上表明：这曾被视为在以色列国之外的贱民，不再是外人，而是上帝家里的儿女了。既是儿女，就有权享受父亲的恩惠。于是基督答应她的请求，结束了给门徒上的这门课。他以怜恤和慈爱的神色转身对妇人说：“妇人，你的信心是大的，照你所要的，给你成全了吧！”从那时起，她的女儿就好了。鬼也不再缠她了。她回去，认耶稣为救主，并因她的恳求蒙允而欢喜。[8]{DA 401.3}
§19
The Saviour is satisfied. He has tested her faith in Him. By His dealings with her, He has shown that she who has been regarded as an outcast from Israel is no longer an alien, but a child in Gods household. As a child it is her privilege to share in the Fathers gifts. Christ now grants her request, and finishes the lesson to the disciples. Turning to her with a look of pity and love, He says, O woman, great is thy faith: 4be it unto thee even as thou wilt. From that hour her daughter became whole. The demon troubled her no more. The woman departed, acknowledging her Saviour, and happy in the granting of her prayer. {DA 401.3}[8]
§20
这是耶稣在这次旅程中所行的唯一神迹。他到推罗、西顿边境来，也就是为了要行这一件神迹。他要解除那妇人的痛苦，同时也要借着向一个被鄙视之民族的妇人施恩，给门徒留下一个榜样，以便将来他不与他们同在时，帮助他们。他要引导他们除去犹太人的排外心理，而乐意为外族人民服务。[9]{DA 402.1}
§21
This was the only miracle that Jesus wrought while on this journey. It was for the performance of this act that He went to the borders of Tyre and Sidon. He wished to relieve the afflicted woman, and at the same time to leave an example in His work of mercy toward one of a despised people for the benefit of His disciples when He should no longer be with them. He wished to lead them from their Jewish exclusiveness to be interested in working for others besides their own people. {DA 402.1}[9]
§22
耶稣很早就希望把历代以来所隐藏的真理奥秘阐明出来，就是外邦人要与犹太人同为后嗣，并“在基督耶稣里，藉着福音，得以……同蒙应许，”（弗3-6）但这个真理，门徒不易领受，故此他们神圣的教师再三突出这个教训：他使迦百农百夫长的信心得到报赏，并传福音给叙加的居民。这些事表明他不赞同犹太人的排外作风。但撒玛利亚人毕竟对上帝还有一点认识；而百夫长曾优待过以色列人；现在耶稣使门徒接触到一个信邪教的人。依门徒看来，在她同族中，她不比任何人更有受耶稣恩待的理由，耶稣就用她作样板，让门徒知道应如何对待这样的人。门徒曾认为耶稣施恩太随便了。而耶稣就是要说明他的爱是不限于哪个民族或国家的。[10]{DA 402.2}
§23
Jesus longed to unfold the deep mysteries of the truth which had been hid for ages, that the Gentiles should be fellow heirs with the Jews, and partakers of His promise in Christ by the gospel. Ephesians 3:6. This truth the disciples were slow to learn, and the divine Teacher gave them lesson upon lesson. In rewarding the faith of the centurion at Capernaum, and preaching the gospel to the inhabitants of Sychar, He had already given evidence that He did not share the intolerance of the Jews. But the Samaritans had some knowledge of God; and the centurion had shown kindness to Israel. Now Jesus brought the disciples in contact with a heathen, whom they regarded as having no reason above any of her people, to expect favor from Him. He would give an example of how such a one should be treated. The disciples had thought that He dispensed too freely the gifts of His grace. He would show that His love was not to be circumscribed to race or nation. {DA 402.2}[10]
§24
“我奉差遣，不过是到以色列家迷失的羊那里去。”耶稣的这句话是真理，而在对那迦南妇人所行的事上，他正是在执行他的使命。这妇人正是以色列人所当救的一只迷羊。基督所作的，本来是上帝赋予以色列人，而被他们疏忽了的工作。[11]{DA 402.3}
§25
When He said, I am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel, He stated the truth, and in His work for the Canaanite woman He was fulfilling His commission. This woman was one of the lost sheep that Israel should have rescued. It was their appointed work, the work which they had neglected, that Christ was doing. {DA 402.3}[11]
§26
这件事，使门徒更清楚地认识到那摆在他们面前的外邦人的工作。他们看出，在犹太地以外，有广大的工作园地。并看到有众多人背负着不为本国蒙而者所知悉的忧患。门徒素来所鄙视的外邦人中，有许多渴望获得大医师帮助的人，他们极渴慕上帝所给予犹太人的丰富的真理之光。[12]{DA 402.4}
§27
This act opened the minds of the disciples more fully to the labor that lay before them among the Gentiles. They saw a wide field of usefulness outside of Judea. They saw souls bearing sorrows unknown to those more highly favored. Among those whom they had been taught to despise were souls longing for help from the mighty Healer, hungering for the light of truth, which had been so abundantly given to the Jews. {DA 402.4}[12]
§28
后来，因门徒宣称耶稣为世界的救主，犹太人就更坚决地反对他们。及至耶稣的死，把犹太人和外邦人之间的隔墙拆除后，这教训和其它说明福音工作不受风俗或国界限制的教训，在指导基督代表们的工作上都发挥强大的影响力。[13]{DA 402.5}
§29
Afterward, when the Jews turned still more persistently from the disciples, because they declared Jesus to be the Saviour of the world, 4and when the partition wall between Jew and Gentile was broken down by the death of Christ, this lesson, and similar ones which pointed to the gospel work unrestricted by custom or nationality, had a powerful influence upon the representatives of Christ, in directing their labors. {DA 402.5}[13]
§30
救主这次腓尼基之行，以及他在那里所行的神迹，还有更远大的宗旨。他行这神迹，不仅是为了那苦恼的妇人，也不是专为他的门徒和一般得他们帮助的人，而是“要叫你们信耶稣是基督，是上帝的儿子；并且叫你们信了他，就可以因他的名得生命。”（约20:31）一千九百多年前使人远离基督的势力，今天仍在活动。那时在犹太人和外邦人之间造成隔墙的精神，现今依然存在。骄傲和偏见筑起坚固的壁垒，把不同阶层的人隔开了。基督和他的使命被人曲解，以致许多人觉得自己简直被关在福音的恩门之外。但愿他们不要以为自己是被关在基督以外，因世人或撒但制造的任何屏障，没有不能被信心攻破的。[14]{DA 403.1}
§31
The Saviours visit to Phoenicia and the miracle there performed had a yet wider purpose. Not alone for the afflicted woman, nor even for His disciples and those who received their labors, was the work accomplished; but also that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing ye might have life through His name. John 20:31. The same agencies that barred men away from Christ eighteen hundred years ago are at work today. The spirit which built up the partition wall between Jew and Gentile is still active. Pride and prejudice have built strong walls of separation between different classes of men. Christ and His mission have been misrepresented, and multitudes feel that they are virtually shut away from the ministry of the gospel. But let them not feel that they are shut away from Christ. There are no barriers which man or Satan can erect but that faith can penetrate. {DA 403.1}[14]
§32
那腓尼基妇人抱着信心，向犹太人和外邦人之间所堆积的障碍猛扑过去。她不气馁，不怀疑，一心信靠救主的爱。基督要我们也像她这样笃信不疑。救恩的福惠是赐给每一个人的。借着福音在基督里所应许的福，若不是人自己不想要，就没有什么能拦阻人来分享的。[15]{DA 403.2}
§33
In faith the woman of Phoenicia flung herself against the barriers that had been piled up between Jew and Gentile. Against discouragement, regardless of appearances that might have led her to doubt, she trusted the Saviours love. It is thus that Christ desires us to trust in Him. The blessings of salvation are for every soul. Nothing but his own choice can prevent any man from becoming a partaker of the promise in Christ by the gospel. {DA 403.2}[15]
§34
人与人之间的界限等级是上帝所憎恨的。任何此类人为的划分，他都不承认。在他眼中，人人的生命都一样可贵。“他从一本造出万族的人，住在全地上，并且预先定准他们的年限和所住的疆界，要叫他们寻求上帝，或者可以揣摩而得，其实他离我们各人不远。”（徒17:26-27）不分年龄、级别、国籍或宗教方面的特权，人人都被请到他那里得生命。“凡信他的人，必不至于羞愧。……并没有分别。”（罗10:11-12）“不分犹太人、希利尼人、自主的、为奴的”（加3:28），“富户穷人在世相遇，都为耶和华而造”（箴22:2）。“众人同有一位主，他也厚待一切求告他的人。因为‘凡求告主名的，就必得救。’”（罗10:12-13）[16]{DA 403.3}
§35
Caste is hateful to God. He ignores everything of this character. In His sight the souls of all men are of equal value. He hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and hath determined the times before appointed, and the bounds of their habitation; that they should seek the Lord, if haply they might feel after Him, and find Him, though He be not far from every one of us. Without distinction of age, or rank, or nationality, or religious privilege, all are invited to come unto Him and live. Whosoever believeth on Him shall not be ashamed. For there is no difference. There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free. The rich and poor meet together: the Lord is the Maker of them all. The same Lord over all is rich unto all that call upon Him. For whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved. Acts 17:26, 27; Galatians 3:28; Proverbs 22:2; Romans 10:11-13. {DA 403.3}[16]