第24章 “因无知识而灭亡”
§1
第24章 “因无知识而灭亡”
§2
Chap. 24 - Destroyed for Lack of Knowledge
§3
上帝对于以色列的恩宠一向是以他们顺从为条件的。他们曾在西奈山下与他立约，要在万民中作属他的子民。他们曾严肃地许愿要循行顺命的道路。他们曾说：“凡耶和华所说的，我们都要遵行。”（出19:8）数日以后，当上帝从西奈山宣布律法，并借摩西将律例和典章传给他们作为更进一步的指示时，以色列人又异口同声地许愿说：“耶和华所吩咐的，我们都必遵行。”在坚定该约时，众民又再度一致地声称：“耶和华所吩咐的，我们都必遵行。”（出24:3,7）上帝已经拣选以色列为他的民，而他们已拣选他为他们的王。[1]{PK 293.1}
§4
Gods favor toward Israel had always been conditional on their obedience. At the foot of Sinai they had entered into covenant relationship with Him as His peculiar treasure. . . above all people. Solemnly they had promised to follow in the path of obedience. All that the Lord hath spoken we will do, they had said. Exodus 19:5, 8. And when, a few days afterward, Gods law was spoken from Sinai, and additional instruction in the form of statutes and judgments was communicated through Moses, the Israelites with one voice had again promised, All the words which the Lord hath said will we do. At the ratification of the covenant, the people had once more united in declaring, All that the Lord hath said will we do, and be obedient, Exodus 24:3, 7. God had chosen Israel as His people, and they had chosen Him as their King.{PK 293.1}[1]
§5
在旷野的飘流将近结束之时，这约所附带的条件又被重述了一次。在应许之地边境上的巴力毗珥——就是许多人陷于阴险试探中的地方，凡向上帝保持忠顺的人则重申效忠的誓愿。他们借着摩西曾受警告，得悉将来必要攻击他们的试探；并且也被恳劝，务要与四周的列国分开，而单只敬拜上帝。[2]{PK 293.2}
§6
Near the close of the wilderness wandering the conditions of the covenant had been repeated. At Baalpeor, on the very borders of the Promised Land, where many fell a prey to subtle temptation, those who remained faithful renewed their vows of allegiance. Through Moses they were warned against the temptations that would assail them in the future; and they were earnestly exhorted to remain separate from the surrounding nations and to worship God alone.{PK 293.2}[2]
§7
摩西曾教导以色列说：“现在我所教训你们的律例、典章，你们要听从遵行，好叫你们存活，得以进入耶和华你们列祖之上帝所赐给你们的地，承受为业。所吩咐你们的话，你们不可加添，也不可删减，好叫你们遵守我所吩咐的，就是耶和华你们上帝的命令。……所以你们要谨守遵行，这就是你们在万民眼前的智慧、聪明；他们听见这一切律例，必说：这大国的人真是有智慧、有聪明。”（申4:1-6）[3]{PK 294.1}
§8
Now therefore hearken, Moses had instructed Israel, unto the statutes and unto the judgments, which I teach you, for to do them, that ye may live, and go in and possess the land which the Lord God of your fathers giveth you. Ye shall not add unto the word which I command you, neither shall ye diminish aught from it, that ye may keep the commandments of the Lord your God which I command you. . . . Keep therefore and do them; for this is your wisdom and your understanding in the sight of the nations, which shall hear all these statutes, and say, Surely this great nation is a wise and understanding people. Deuteronomy 4:1-6.{PK 294.1}[3]
§9
以色列人曾特别地蒙吩咐不可忽略上帝的诫命，他们顺从这些诫命就必得到能力与福惠。主曾借摩西传话给他们说：“你只要谨慎，殷勤保守你的心灵，免得忘记你亲眼所看见的事，又免得你一生这事离开你的心；总要传给你的子子孙孙。”（申4:9）当永志勿忘那在西奈山颁布律法时令人生畏的种种景象。那给予以色列有关四围列国中所流行拜偶像之恶俗的警告，也是清楚而确定的。所赐给他们的训言乃是：“你们要分外谨慎，……唯恐你们败坏自己，雕刻偶像，仿佛什么男像、女像，”“又恐怕你向天举目观看，见耶和华你的上帝为天下万民所摆列的日月星，就是天上的万象，自己便被勾引敬拜侍奉它。”“你们要谨慎，免得忘记耶和华你们上帝与你们所立的约，为自己雕刻偶像，就是耶和华你上帝所禁止你作的偶像。”（申4:15-16,19,23。）[4]{PK 294.2}
§10
The Israelites had been specially charged not to lose sight of the commandments of God, in obedience to which they would find strength and blessing. Take heed to thyself, and keep thy soul diligently, had been the word of the Lord to them through Moses, lest thou forget the things which thine eyes have seen, and lest they depart from thy heart all the days of thy life: but teach them thy sons, and thy sons sons. Verse 9. The awe-inspiring scenes connected with the giving of the law at Sinai were never to be forgotten. Plain and decided were the warnings that had been given Israel against the idolatrous customs prevailing among the neighboring nations. Take ye . . . good heed unto yourselves, was the counsel given; lest ye corrupt yourselves, and make you a graven image, the similitude of any figure, and lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun, and the moon, and the stars, even all the host of heaven, shouldest be driven to worship them, and serve them, which the Lord thy God hath divided unto all nations under the whole heaven. Take heed unto yourselves, lest ye forget the covenant of the Lord your God, which He made with you, and make you a graven image, or the likeness of anything, which the Lord thy God hath forbidden thee. Verses 15, 16, 19, 23.{PK 294.2}[4]
§11
摩西追述那偏离耶和华典章所招致的各种恶行。他呼天唤地作见证，宣称以色列民在应许之地久住以后，如果他们提倡腐败的敬拜仪式，并跪拜雕刻的偶像，而不肯转回敬拜真神上帝，主的忿怒就必发作，他们就必被掳而分散在外邦人中。他警告他们：“你们必在过约旦河得为业的地上速速灭尽；你们不能在那地上长久，必尽行除灭。耶和华必使你们分散在万民中，在他所领你们到的万国里，你们剩下的人数稀少。在那里你们必侍奉人手所造的神，就是用木石造成，不能看、不能听、不能闻的神。”（申4:26-28）[5]{PK 295.1}
§12
Moses traced the evils that would result from a departure from the statutes of Jehovah. Calling heaven and earth to witness, he declared that if, after having dwelt long in the Land of Promise, the people should introduce corrupt forms of worship and bow down to graven images and should refuse to return to the worship of the true God, the anger of the Lord would be aroused, and they would be carried away captive and scattered among the heathen. Ye shall soon utterly perish from off the land whereunto ye go over Jordan to possess it, he warned them; ye shall not prolong your days upon it, but shall utterly be destroyed. And the Lord shall scatter you among the nations, and ye shall be left few in number among the heathen, whither the Lord shall lead you. And there ye shall serve gods, the work of mens hands, wood and stone, which neither see, nor hear, nor eat, nor smell. Verses 26-28. {PK 295.1}[5]
§13
这段预言在士师时代已经局部地应验，后来在以色列被掳到亚述、以及犹大被掳到巴比伦时，就更加完全照所说的应验了。[6]{PK 296.1}
§14
This prophecy, fulfilled in part in the time of the judges, met a more complete and literal fulfillment in the captivity of Israel in Assyria and of Judah in Babylon.{PK 296.1}[6]
§15
以色列的背道是逐渐发展的。撒但曾经世世代代屡次设法引诱这蒙选的国度，忘记他们曾许愿要永远遵守的“诫命、律例、典章。”（申6:1）他知道只要能引诱以色列忘记上帝，并“随从别神，侍奉敬拜，”他们就“必定灭亡。”（申8:19）[7]{PK 296.2}
§16
The apostasy of Israel had developed gradually. From generation to generation, Satan had made repeated attempts to cause the chosen nation to forget the commandments, the statutes, and the judgments that they had promised to keep forever. Deuteronomy 6:1. He knew that if he could only lead Israel to forget God, and to walk after other gods, and serve them, and worship them, they would surely perish. Deuteronomy 8:19.{PK 296.2}[7]
§17
但上帝在地上教会的仇敌，却没有充分考虑到他那慈悲的本性。他固然“不以有罪的为无罪，”但他的荣耀却是“有怜悯、有恩典，……不轻易发怒，并有丰盛的慈爱和诚实，为千万人存留慈爱，赦免罪孽、过犯和罪恶。”（申34:6-7）尽管撒但曾尽力破坏上帝对于以色列所有的旨意，但即使在其历史上最黑暗的阶段，正当邪恶的势力似乎要得胜之时，主仍然仁慈地彰显了他自己。他将那些有关国家福利的事摆在以色列面前。他借着何西阿宣称：“我为他写了律法万条；他却以为与他毫无关涉。”“我原教导以法莲行走，用膀臂抱着他们；他们却不知道是我医治他们。”（何8:12；11:3）主曾慈柔地对待他们，借着他的先知“律上加律，例上加例”地教导他们。[8]{PK 296.3}
§18
The enemy of Gods church upon the earth had not, however, taken fully into account the compassionate nature of Him who will by no means clear the guilty, yet whose glory it is to be merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abundant in goodness and truth, keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin. Exodus 34:6, 7. Despite the efforts of Satan to thwart Gods purpose for Israel, nevertheless even in some of the darkest hours of their history, when it seemed as if the forces of evil were about to gain the victory, the Lord graciously revealed Himself. He spread before Israel the things that were for the welfare of the nation. I have written to him the great things of My law, He declared through Hosea, but they were counted as a strange thing. I taught Ephraim also to go, taking them by their arms; but they knew not that I healed them. Hosea 8:12; 11:3. Tenderly had the Lord dealt with them, instructing them by His prophets line upon line, precept upon precept. {PK 296.3}[8]
§19
以色列如果听从众先知的信息，他们就不致遭受后来的羞辱了。上帝之所以不得不让他们被掳，乃是因为他们固执地偏离了他的律法。他借着何西阿所传给他们的信息，乃是：“我的民因无知识而灭亡。你弃掉知识，我也必弃掉你；你……忘了你上帝的律法。”（何4:6）[9]{PK 297.1}
§20
Had Israel heeded the messages of the prophets, they would have been spared the humiliation that followed. It was because they had persisted in turning aside from His law that God was compelled to let them go into captivity. My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge, was His message to them through Hosea. Because thou hast rejected knowledge, I will also reject thee: . . . seeing thou hast forgotten the law of thy God. Hosea 4:6.{PK 297.1}[9]
§21
在每一个世代，违犯上帝的律法总必招致相同的结果。在挪亚的日子，当每一项正义的原则都被违犯，罪孽愈来愈深重而普遍，以致上帝忍无可忍时，就有判决宣布：“我要将所造的人……都从地上除灭。”（创6:7）在亚伯拉罕的日子，所多玛的居民公然抗逆上帝和他的律法；结果产生了与洪水之前世人所有的同样罪恶、同样腐败与同样不加抑制的放纵。所多玛的居民越过了神圣宽容的限度，结果上帝报应的火就向他们燃起来了。[10]{PK 297.2}
§22
In every age, transgression of Gods law has been followed by the same result. In the days of Noah, when every principle of rightdoing was violated, and iniquity became so deep and widespread that God could no longer bear with it, the decree went forth, I will destroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth. Genesis 6:7. In Abrahams day the people of Sodom openly defied God and His law; and there followed the same wickedness, the same corruption, the same unbridled indulgence, that had marked the antediluvian world. The inhabitants of Sodom passed the limits of divine forbearance, and there was kindled against them the fire of Gods vengeance.{PK 297.2}[10]
§23
在以色列十个支派被掳之前的时代，也是一个充满了同样悖逆与同样罪恶的时代。上帝的律法被视若无睹，因此就向以色列打开了罪恶洪流的水闸。何西阿说：“耶和华与这地的居民争辩，因这地上无诚实，无良善，无人认识上帝。但起假誓、不践前言、杀害、偷盗、奸淫、行强暴、杀人流血接连不断。”（何4:1-2）[11]{PK 297.3}
§24
The time preceding the captivity of the ten tribes of Israel was one of similar disobedience and of similar wickedness. Gods law was counted as a thing of nought, and this opened the floodgates of iniquity upon Israel. The Lord hath a controversy with the inhabitants of the land, Hosea declared, because there is no truth, nor mercy, nor knowledge of God in the land. By swearing, and lying, and killing, and stealing, and committing adultery, they break out, and blood toucheth blood. Hosea 4:1, 2. {PK 297.3}[11]
§25
阿摩司与何西阿所发出的刑罚的预言，都附带着有关将来荣耀的预言。但这长久悖逆而怙恶不悛的十个支派，并没有得到应许可以完全恢复他们先前在巴勒斯坦所有的权势。他们要“飘流在列国中，”直到末时。但借着何西阿却有预言发出，将那在最后复兴中有分的特权摆在他们面前，而这项特权乃是在世界历史结束，当基督显现为万王之王、万主之主时所要赐与上帝子民的。先知宣称：那十个支派“必多日独居，无君王，无首领，无祭祀，无柱像，无以弗得，无家中的神像。”先知继续又说：“后来以色列人必归回，寻求他们的上帝耶和华，和他们的王大卫；在末后的日子，必以敬畏的心归向耶和华，领受他的恩惠。”（何3:4-5）[12]{PK 298.1}
§26
The prophecies of judgment delivered by Amos and Hosea were accompanied by predictions of future glory. To the ten tribes, long rebellious and impenitent, was given no promise of complete restoration to their former power in Palestine. Until the end of time, they were to be wanderers among the nations. But through Hosea was given a prophecy that set before them the privilege of having a part in the final restoration that is to be made to the people of God at the close of earths history, when Christ shall appear as King of kings and Lord of lords. Many days, the prophet declared, the ten tribes were to abide without a king, and without a prince, and without a sacrifice, and without an image, and without an ephod, and without teraphim. Afterward, the prophet continued, shall the children of Israel return, and seek the Lord their God, and David their king; and shall fear the Lord and His goodness in the latter days. Hosea 3:4, 5.{PK 298.1}[12]
§27
何西阿采用表号向十个支派说明上帝复兴的计划，就是要使凡愿参加他地上教会的悔改的人，享受以色列人在忠于上帝时在应许之地所蒙受的福惠。主提到以色列为他所渴欲向之显示怜悯的对像，说：“后来我必劝导他，领他到旷野，对他说安慰的话。他从那里出来，我必赐他葡萄园，又赐他亚割谷作为指望的门；他必在那里应声，与幼年的日子一样，与从埃及地上来的时候相同。耶和华说：那日你必称呼我伊施（就是我夫的意思）；不再称呼我巴力（就是我主的意思）。因为我必从我民的口中除掉诸巴力的名号，这名号不再提起。”（何2:14-17）[13]{PK 298.2}
§28
In symbolic language Hosea set before the ten tribes Gods plan of restoring to every penitent soul who would unite with His church on earth, the blessings granted Israel in the days of their loyalty to Him in the Promised Land. Referring to Israel as one to whom He longed to show mercy, the Lord declared, I will allure her, and bring her into the wilderness, and speak comfortably unto her. And I will give her her vineyards from thence, and the valley of Achor for a door of hope: and she shall sing there, as in the days of her youth, and as in the day when she came up out of the land of Egypt. And it shall be at that day, saith the Lord, that thou shalt call Me Ishi [My husband, margin]; and shalt call Me no more Baali [My lord, margin]. For I will take away the names of Baalim out of her mouth, and they shall no more be remembered by their name. Hosea 2:14-17.{PK 298.2}[13]
§29
在这世界历史的末叶，上帝和他遵守诫命的子民之约将重新订立。“当那日我必为我的民与田野的走兽，和空中的飞鸟，并地上的昆虫立约；又必在国中折断弓刀，止息争战，使他们安然躺卧。我必聘你永远归我为妻，以仁义、慈爱、怜悯，聘你归我，也以诚实聘你归我；你就必认识我耶和华。[14]{PK 299.1}
§30
In the last days of this earths history, Gods covenant with His commandment-keeping people is to be renewed. In that day will I make a covenant for them with the beasts of the field, and with the fowls of heaven, and with the creeping things of the ground: and I will break the bow and the sword and the battle out of the earth, and will make them to lie down safely. And I will betroth thee unto Me forever; yea, I will betroth thee unto Me in righteousness, and in judgment, and in loving-kindness, and in mercies. I will even betroth thee unto Me in faithfulness: and thou shalt know the Lord.{PK 299.1}[14]
§31
“耶和华说：那日我必应允，我必应允天，天必应允地；地必应允五谷、新酒和油；这些必应允耶斯列民。我必将他种在这地；素不蒙怜悯的，我必怜悯；本非我民的我必对他说：你是我的民；他必说：你是我的上帝。”（何2:18-23）[15]{PK 299.2}
§32
And it shall come to pass in that day, I will hear, saith the Lord, I will hear the heavens, and they shall hear the earth; and the earth shall hear the corn, and the wine, and the oil; and they shall hear Jezreel. And I will sow her unto Me in the earth; and I will have mercy upon her that had not obtained mercy; and I will say to them which were not My people, Thou art My people; and they shall say, Thou art my God. Verses 18-23.{PK 299.2}[15]
§33
“到那日，以色列所剩下的，和雅各家所逃脱的，……却要诚实倚靠耶和华以色列的圣者。”（赛10:20）从“各国各族各方各民”中，必有一些人欣然响应这个信息：“应当敬畏上帝，将荣耀归给他！因他施行审判的时候已经到了。”他们必转离每一将他们捆绑于地上的偶像，而“敬拜那创造天地海和众水泉源的。”他们必摆脱一切的缠累，而站在世人面前作为上帝恩典的纪念。他们既顺从神圣的要求，就必被天使和世人公认为“守上帝诫命，和耶稣真道的。”（启14:6-7,12）[16]{PK 299.3}
§34
In that day the remnant of Israel, and such as are escaped of the house of Jacob, . . . shall stay upon the Lord, the Holy One of Israel, in truth. Isaiah 10:20. From every nation, and kindred, and tongue, and people there will be some who will gladly respond to the message, Fear God, and give glory to Him; for the hour of His judgment is come. They will turn from every idol that binds them to earth, and will worship Him that made heaven, and earth, and the sea, and the fountains of waters. They will free themselves from every entanglement and will stand before the world as monuments of Gods mercy. Obedient to the divine requirements, they will be recognized by angels and by men as those that have kept the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus. Revelation 14:6, 7, 12.{PK 299.3}[16]
§35
“耶和华说：日子将到，耕种的必接续收割的，踹葡萄的必接续撒种的；大山要滴下甜酒，小山都必流奶。我必使我民以色列被掳的归回，他们必重修荒废的城邑居住；栽种葡萄园，喝其中所出的酒；修造果木园，吃其中的果子。我要将他们栽于本地，他们不再从我所赐给他们的地上拔出来；这是耶和华你的上帝说的。”（摩9:13-15）[17]{PK 300.1}
§36
Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that the plowman shall overtake the reaper, and the treader of grapes him that soweth seed; and the mountains shall drop sweet wine, and all the hills shall melt. And I will bring again the captivity of My people of Israel, and they shall build the waste cities, and inhabit them; and they shall plant vineyards, and drink the wine thereof; they shall also make gardens, and eat the fruit of them. And I will plant them upon their land, and they shall no more be pulled up out of their land which I have given them, saith the Lord thy God. Amos 9:13-15.{PK 300.1}[17]