第01章 所罗门
§1
第01章 所罗门Chap. 1 - Solomon
§2
当大卫和所罗门作王的时候，以色列成了列邦中的一个强国，因此得到许多机会可以为真理与正义发挥强大的影响。耶和华的圣名得以高举，备受尊敬；这样，上帝使以色列人在应许之地立国的宗旨，颇有实现的希望。许多障碍都破除了，而且从邪教国家前来寻找真理的人也都能如愿以偿。许多人悔改了，上帝在地上的教会也得以扩大而兴盛了。[1]{PK 25.1}
§3
In the reign of David and Solomon, Israel became strong among the nations and had many opportunities to wield a mighty influence in behalf of truth and the right. The name of Jehovah was exalted and held in honor, and the purpose for which the Israelites had been established in the Land of Promise bade fair of meeting with fulfillment. Barriers were broken down, and seekers after truth from the lands of the heathen were not turned away unsatisfied. Conversions took place, and the church of God on earth was enlarged and prospered.{PK 25.1}[1]
§4
所罗门在大卫的晚年受膏宣布为王，是他父亲禅位给他的。他早年的生活是光明而有希望的，并且上帝的旨意乃要他力上加力，荣上加荣，日益接近上帝圣德的形象，这样，就可以鼓励他的子民克尽他们作为上帝真理之保管人的神圣职责了。[2]{PK 25.2}
§5
Solomon was anointed and proclaimed king in the closing years of his father David, who abdicated in his favor. His early life was bright with promise, and it was Gods purpose that he should go on from strength to strength, from glory to glory, ever approaching nearer the similitude of the character of God, and thus inspiring His people to fulfill their sacred trust as the depositaries of divine truth. {PK 25.2}[2]
§6
大卫深知唯有君王和庶民都不住地警醒，力求达到那摆在他们面前的标准，才能成全上帝为以色列所定的崇高宗旨。他也知道，若要他的儿子所罗门执行上帝所乐意尊荣他而委托给他的任务，则这个年轻的统治者不但要作一个战士、政治家和君王，而且也必须成为一个刚强善良的人，一个教导公义的教师，一个忠信的楷模。[3]{PK 26.1}
§7
David knew that Gods high purpose for Israel could be met only as rulers and people should seek with unceasing vigilance to attain to the standard placed before them. He knew that in order for his son Solomon to fulfill the trust with which God was pleased to honor him, the youthful ruler must be not merely a warrior, a statesman, and a sovereign, but a strong, good man, a teacher of righteousness, an example of fidelity.{PK 26.1}[3]
§8
大卫以温慈的热诚恳劝所罗门务要作高贵的大丈夫，向他的臣民显示慈怜和仁爱，又要在他与地上各国相处时尊荣上帝的名，并彰显圣洁的美。大卫一生之中所得到的许多艰苦和特殊的经验，已经教他体会到高尚德行的价值，并使他在临终时给所罗门留下遗命说：“那以公义治理人民的，敬畏上帝执掌权柄，他必像日出的晨光，如无云的清晨，雨后的晴光，使地发生嫩草。”（撒下23:3-4）[4]{PK 26.2}
§9
With tender earnestness David entreated Solomon to be manly and noble, to show mercy and loving-kindness to his subjects, and in all his dealings with the nations of earth to honor and glorify the name of God and to make manifest the beauty of holiness. The many trying and remarkable experiences through which David had passed during his lifetime had taught him the value of the nobler virtues and led him to declare in his dying charge to Solomon: He that ruleth over men must be just, ruling in the fear of God. And he shall be as the light of the morning, when the sun riseth, even a morning without clouds; as the tender grass springing out of the earth by clear shining after rain. 2 Samuel 23:3, 4.{PK 26.2}[4]
§10
所罗门所有的机会是何等可贵啊！如果他真能遵行他父亲出于神圣灵感的教训，他的统治就必能像诗篇第七十二篇所形容的仁政了：“上帝啊，求你将判断的权柄赐给王，将公义赐给王的儿子。他要按公义审判你的民，按公平审判你的困苦人。……他必降临，像雨降在已割的草地上，如甘霖滋润田地。在他的日子义人要发旺，大有平安，好像月亮长存。他要执掌权柄，从这海直到那海，从大河直到地极。……他施和海岛的王要进贡，示巴和西巴的王要献礼物。诸王都要叩拜他，万国都要侍奉他。因为穷乏人呼求的时候，他要搭救；没有人帮助的困苦人，他也要搭救。……人要常常为他祷告，终日称颂他。……他的名要存到永远，要留传如日之久；人要因他蒙福，万国要称他有福。独行奇事的耶和华以色列的上帝，是应当称颂的。他荣耀的名也当称颂，直到永远。愿他的荣耀充满全地。阿们！阿们！”[5]{PK 26.3}
§11
Oh, what an opportunity was Solomons! Should he follow the divinely inspired instruction of his father, his reign would be a reign of righteousness, like that described in the seventy-second psalm: Give the king Thy judgments, O God, And Thy righteousness unto the kings son. He shall judge Thy people with righteousness, And Thy poor with judgment. . . . He shall come down like rain upon the mown grass: As showers that water the earth. In his days shall the righteous flourish; And abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth. He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, And from the river unto the ends of the earth. . . . The kings of Tarshish and of the isles shall bring presents: The kings of Sheba and Seba shall offer gifts. Yea, all kings shall fall down before him: All nations shall serve him. For he shall deliver the needy when he crieth; The poor also, and him that hath no helper. . . . Prayer also shall be made for him continually; And daily shall he be praised. . . . His name shall endure forever: His name shall be continued as long as the sun: And men shall be blessed in him: All nations shall call him blessed. Blessed be the Lord God, the God of Israel, Who only doeth wondrous things. And blessed be His glorious name forever: And let the whole earth be filled with His glory; Amen, and Amen.{PK 26.3}[5]
§12
所罗门在青年时期选择了大卫所选择的，他多年来为人正直，而且也以严格遵循上帝的诫命为他生活的特征。在他作王的初期，他和一些臣仆来到基遍，当时那本来在旷野建造的圣幕仍立在这里，他就和他所拣选的臣仆，“就是千夫长，百夫长，审判官，首领与族长”聚集在那里献祭给上帝（代下1:2），并完全献身侍奉耶和华。所罗门体认到君王所肩负责任的重大，深知凡担负重任的人如欲善尽己责，就必须求得“智慧之源”的指导。因此他勉励他的臣仆诚心诚意地和他一同寻求耶和华，以便确知自己是蒙上帝所悦纳的。[6]{PK 27.1}
§13
In his youth Solomon made Davids choice his own, and for many years he walked uprightly, his life marked with strict obedience to Gods commands. Early in his reign he went with his counselors of state to Gibeon, where the tabernacle that had been built in the wilderness still was, and there he united with his chosen advisers, the captains of thousands and of hundreds, the judges, and every governor in all Israel, the chief of the fathers, in offering sacrifices to God and in consecrating themselves fully to the Lords service. 2 Chronicles 1:2. Comprehending something of the magnitude of the duties connected with the kingly office, Solomon knew that those bearing heavy burdens must seek the Source of Wisdom for guidance, if they would fulfill their responsibilities acceptably. This led him to encourage his counselors to unite with him heartily in making sure of their acceptance with God.{PK 27.1}[6]
§14
所罗门王渴望智慧和聪明，过于任何属世的利益，为的是要完成上帝所交托给他的工作。他渴望得到敏慧的心智，广大的胸怀，和温柔的精神。当夜主在梦中向所罗门显现，对他说：“你愿我赐你什么，你可以求。”这个年纪轻、阅历浅的君王在他的回答中，就说出了自己软弱无能的感觉，和求取帮助的愿望。他说：“你仆人我父亲大卫，用诚实、公义、正直的心，行在你面前，你就向他大施恩典，又为他存留大恩，赐他一个儿子坐在他的位上，正如今日一样。”[7]{PK 28.1}
§15
Above every earthly good, the king desired wisdom and understanding for the accomplishment of the work God had given him to do. He longed for quickness of mind, for largeness of heart, for tenderness of spirit. That night the Lord appeared to Solomon in a dream and said, Ask what I shall give thee. In his answer the young and inexperienced ruler gave utterance to his feeling of helplessness and his desire for aid. Thou hast showed unto Thy servant David my father great mercy, he said, according as he walked before Thee in truth, and in righteousness, and in uprightness of heart with Thee; and Thou hast kept for him this great kindness, that Thou hast given him a son to sit on his throne, as it is this day.{PK 28.1}[7]
§16
“耶和华我的上帝啊，如今你使仆人接续我父亲大卫作王，但我是幼童，不知道应当怎样出入。仆人住在你所拣选的民中；这民多得不可胜数。所以求你赐我智慧，可以判断你的民，能辨别是非；不然，谁能判断这众多的民呢？”[8]{PK 28.2}
§17
And now, O Lord my God, Thou hast made Thy servant king instead of David my father: and I am but a little child: I know not how to go out or come in. And Thy servant is in the midst of Thy people which Thou hast chosen, a great people, that cannot be numbered nor counted for multitude. Give therefore Thy servant an understanding heart to judge Thy people, that I may discern between good and bad: for who is able to judge this Thy so great a people?{PK 28.2}[8]
§18
“所罗门因为求这事，就蒙主喜悦。”[9]{PK 28.3}
§19
And the speech pleased the Lord, that Solomon had asked this thing.{PK 28.3}[9]
§20
上帝对所罗门说：“你既有这心意，并不求资财、丰富、尊荣，也不求灭绝那恨你之人的性命，又不求大寿数；只求智慧聪明，好判断我的民，”“我就应允你所求的，赐你聪明智慧；甚至在你以前没有像你的，在你以后也没有像你的；你所没有求的我也赐给你，就是富足，尊荣，”“在你以前的列王，都没有这样，在你以后也必没有这样的。”[10]{PK 28.4}
§21
Because this was in thine heart, God said to Solomon, and thou hast not asked riches, wealth, or honor, nor the life of thine enemies, neither yet hast asked long life; but hast asked wisdom and knowledge for thyself, that thou mayest judge My people, behold, I have done according to thy words: lo, I have given thee a wise and an understanding heart; so that there was none like thee before thee, neither after thee shall any arise like unto thee. And I have also given thee that which thou hast not asked, both riches, and honor, such as none of the kings have had that have been before thee, neither shall there any after thee have the like.{PK 28.4}[10]
§22
“你若效法你父亲大卫，遵行我的道，谨守我的律例、诫命，我必使你长寿。”（王上3:5-14；代下1:7-12）[11]{PK 29.1}
§23
And if thou wilt walk in My ways, to keep My statutes and My commandments, as thy father David did walk, then I will lengthen thy days. 1 Kings 3:5-14; 2 Chronicles 1:7-12. {PK 29.1}[11]
§24
上帝应许所罗门说：他过去怎样与大卫同在，现在也必照样与他同在。只要他决心在主面前行为正直，并遵行上帝所吩咐他的事，他的宝座就必坚立，而且他的统治就必有助于高举以色列民为“有智慧、有聪明”的人（申4:6），为周围列国的光辉。[12]{PK 30.1}
§25
God promised that as He had been with David, so He would be with Solomon. If the king would walk before the Lord in uprightness, if he would do what God had commanded him, his throne would be established and his reign would be the means of exalting Israel as a wise and understanding people, the light of the surrounding nations. Deuteronomy 4:6.{PK 30.1}[12]
§26
所罗门在基遍的古坛之前向上帝祈祷时所用的辞句，显明了他的谦卑和尊荣上帝的强烈愿望。他深知若没有上帝的帮助，他就必像幼童一样软弱无能，不克善尽他所负担的职责。他知道自己缺少见识，而由于这种对自己有极大缺乏的感觉，就导使他向上帝要求智慧。他心里并没有自私的奢望，要得着那足以使他超越他人的知识。他切望能忠心地执行所交付自己的任务，所以他拣选了那足以使他的王权归荣耀与上帝的恩赐。因此，当所罗门承认“我是幼童，不知道应当怎样出入”时，那正是他最富裕、最贤明、最伟大的时候。[13]{PK 30.2}
§27
The language used by Solomon while praying to God before the ancient altar at Gibeon reveals his humility and his strong desire to honor God. He realized that without divine aid he was as helpless as a little child to fulfill the responsibilities resting on him. He knew that he lacked discernment, and it was a sense of his great need that led him to seek God for wisdom. In his heart there was no selfish aspirations for a knowledge that would exalt him above others. He desired to discharge faithfully the duties devolving upon him, and he chose the gift that would be the means of causing his reign to bring glory to God. Solomon was never so rich or so wise or so truly great as when he confessed, I am but a little child: I know not how to go out or come in.{PK 30.2}[13]
§28
今日担负重责的人应当力求明了所罗门的祈祷所给人的教训。一个人所居的地位越高，所负的责任越大，那么他所发挥的影响势必越广，他也就越需要倚靠上帝。他永不可忘记：何时奉召作工，何时也奉召要在同胞的面前谨慎行事。他必须以学习者的态度侍立在上帝面前。地位并不能给予人以圣洁的品格。一个人之所以能成为真正的伟大，乃在乎尊荣上帝并谨守他的命令。[14]{PK 30.3}
§29
Those who today occupy positions of trust should seek to learn the lesson taught by Solomons prayer. The higher the position a man occupies, the greater the responsibility that he has to bear, the wider will be the influence that he exerts and the greater his need of dependence on God. Ever should he remember that with the call to work comes the call to walk circumspectly before his fellow men. He is to stand before God in the attitude of a learner. Position does not give holiness of character. It is by honoring God and obeying His commands that a man is made truly great.{PK 30.3}[14]
§30
我们所侍奉的上帝是不偏待人的。那将慎思明辨的灵赐给所罗门的主，也愿意将这同一福惠赐给他现代的儿女。《圣经》说：“你们中间若有缺少智慧的，应当求那厚赐与众人，也不斥责人的上帝；主就必赐给他。”（雅1:5）每当一个负责人指望得到智慧过于获得财富、势力、或名誉的时候，他是决不致失望的。这样的人必从那位大教师学习，不但知道当作什么，也知道当怎样作以求得上帝的嘉纳。[15]{PK 31.1}
§31
The God whom we serve is no respecter of persons. He who gave to Solomon the spirit of wise discernment is willing to impart the same blessing to His children today. If any of you lack wisdom, His word declares, let him ask of God, that giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given him. James 1:5. When a burden bearer desires wisdom more than he desires wealth, power, or fame, he will not be disappointed. Such a one will learn from the Great Teacher not only what to do, but how to do it in a way that will meet with the divine approval.{PK 31.1}[15]
§32
一个得蒙上帝赋予才识的人，只要他保持献身的精神，他就不致表现热衷于高位，也不致企图管理并控制别人。人不能不负责任，这是必然的事；但一个真正作领袖的人决不会争权夺利，却要祈求得着聪明的心，以便分别善恶。[16]{PK 31.2}
§33
So long as he remains consecrated, the man whom God has endowed with discernment and ability will not manifest an eagerness for high position, neither will he seek to rule or control. Of necessity men must bear responsibilities; but instead of striving for the supremacy, he who is a true leader will pray for an understanding heart, to discern between good and evil.{PK 31.2}[16]
§34
作领袖之人所走的路不是容易的。但他们应视每项困难为一个需要祷告的呼召。他们决不要忘记求问那为一切智慧之源的主。他们若能从那位大工师得着力量和启导，就必能毅然决然抵抗不圣洁的影响，并能分别善恶、辨明是非。他们必定赞许上帝所赞许的，并努力奋斗以防错误的原则介入他的圣工之中。[17]{PK 31.3}
§35
The path of men who are placed as leaders is not an easy one. But they are to see in every difficulty a call to prayer. Never are they to fail of consulting the great Source of all wisdom. Strengthened and enlightened by the Master Worker, they will be enabled to stand firm against unholy influences and to discern right from wrong, good from evil. They will approve that which God approves, and will strive earnestly against the introduction of wrong principles into His cause.{PK 31.3}[17]
§36
所罗门所渴望的超过财富、尊荣、或长寿的智慧，上帝赐给他了。他祈求敏慧的心智、广大的胸怀和温柔的精神，也蒙允准了。“上帝赐给所罗门极大的智慧聪明，和广大的心，如同海沙不可测量。所罗门的智慧超过东方人和埃及人的一切智慧。他的智慧胜过万人；……他的名声传扬在四围的列国。”（王上4:29-31）[18]{PK 31.4}
§37
The wisdom that Solomon desired above riches, honor, or long life, God gave him. His petition for a quick mind, a large heart, and a tender spirit was granted. God gave Solomon wisdom and understanding exceeding much, and largeness of heart, even as the sand that is on the seashore. And Solomons wisdom excelled the wisdom of all the children of the east country, and all the wisdom of Egypt. For he was wiser than all men; . . . and his fame was in all nations round about. 1 Kings 4:29-31.{PK 31.4}[18]
§38
“以色列众人……都敬畏他，因为见他心里有上帝的智慧，能以断案。”（王上3:28）民众的心归向所罗门，像他们过去归向大卫一样，并在各样的事上顺从他。“所罗门国位坚固，耶和华他的上帝与他同在，使他甚为尊大。”（代下1:1）[19]{PK 32.1}
§39
And all Israel . . . feared the king: for they saw that the wisdom of God was in him, to do judgment. 1 Kings 3:28. The hearts of the people were turned toward Solomon, as they had been toward David, and they obeyed him in all things. Solomon . . . was strengthened in his kingdom, and the Lord his God was with him, and magnified him exceedingly. 2 Chronicles 1:1.{PK 32.1}[19]
§40
所罗门的生活多年都是以效忠上帝，正直坚定，和严格遵守上帝的诫命为特征的。他负责指导每一项重要的事业，并贤明地处理国务。他的富裕和智慧；他在位初期所建造壮丽的宫殿和公共的建筑物；他在言行上所表显的活力、敬虔、公正和仁厚，博得了他臣民的效忠和许多国家首长的景仰与尊重。[20]{PK 32.2}
§41
For many years Solomons life was marked with devotion to God, with uprightness and firm principle, and with strict obedience to Gods commands. He directed in every important enterprise and managed wisely the business matters connected with the kingdom. His wealth and wisdom, the magnificent buildings and public works that he constructed during the early years of his reign, the energy, piety, justice, and magnanimity that he revealed in word and deed, won the loyalty of his subjects and the admiration and homage of the rulers of many lands.{PK 32.2}[20]
§42
在所罗门王朝的初叶，耶和华的圣名大得尊荣。王所表现的智慧与公义，在各国面前彰显了他所侍奉之上帝圣德的优美。在此期间，以色列犹如世上的光，显扬耶和华的伟大。其实所罗门早年的光荣并不在于他那超人的智慧，无穷的财富，或权势与声誉；却在于他聪明地运用上天的恩赐，借此将荣耀归与以色列的上帝。[21]{PK 32.3}
§43
The name of Jehovah was greatly honored during the first part of Solomons reign. The wisdom and righteousness revealed by the king bore witness to all nations of the excellency of the attributes of the God whom he served. For a time Israel was as the light of the world, showing forth the greatness of Jehovah. Not in the surpassing wisdom, the fabulous riches, the far-reaching power and fame that were his, lay the real glory of Solomons early reign; but in the honor that he brought to the name of the God of Israel through a wise use of the gifts of Heaven.{PK 32.3}[21]
§44
所罗门的声誉与日俱增，他力图增进自己心智与灵性的力量，并继续将他所领受的福惠分赠他人，而借此荣耀上帝。他比别人更清楚：他之所以得到权势、智慧和聪明的，乃是由于耶和华的恩宠，而且这些恩典的赐予，乃是使他可以将有关万王之王的知识分赠与世人。[22]{PK 33.1}
§45
As the years went by and Solomons fame increased, he sought to honor God by adding to his mental and spiritual strength, and by continuing to impart to others the blessings he received. None understood better than he that it was through the favor of Jehovah that he had come into possession of power and wisdom and understanding, and that these gifts were bestowed that he might give to the world a knowledge of the King of kings.{PK 33.1}[22]
§46
所罗门特别注重自然科学，但他的研究并不限于那一门学科。他殷勤研究一切受造之物——不论是有生物或无生物，借此获致了有关于创造主的清楚概念。在自然的能力中，在矿物界和动物界中，并在各种花草树木中，他都看出上帝智慧的启示；当他追求更多的知识时，他对于上帝的认识与敬爱就日益增加了。[23]{PK 33.2}
§47
Solomon took an especial interest in natural history, but his researches were not confined to any one branch of learning. Through a diligent study of all created things, both animate and inanimate, he gained a clear conception of the Creator. In the forces of nature, in the mineral and the animal world, and in every tree and shrub and flower, he saw a revelation of Gods wisdom; and as he sought to learn more and more, his knowledge of God and his love for Him constantly increased.{PK 33.2}[23]
§48
所罗门出于神圣感动的智慧，也表露于许多赞美诗和箴言中。“他作箴言三千句；诗歌一千零五首。他讲论草木，自黎巴嫩的香柏树，直到墙上长的牛膝草；又讲论飞禽走兽，昆虫水族。”（王上4:32-33）[24]{PK 33.3}
§49
Solomons divinely inspired wisdom found expression in songs of praise and in many proverbs. He spake three thousand proverbs: and his songs were a thousand and five. And he spake of trees, from the cedar tree that is in Lebanon even unto the hyssop that springeth out of the wall: he spake also of beasts, and of fowl, and of creeping things, and of fishes. 1 Kings 4:32, 33.{PK 33.3}[24]
§50
所罗门的箴言中揭示着圣洁生活与高度努力的原则；出自上天并导致虔诚的原则；应作为控制人生每一行为的原则。所罗门作王初期之所以能成为道德高尚，与物质繁荣的昌盛时期，乃是因为有这些原则的广泛流传，并因承认上帝为应受一切赞美和尊荣的主所致。[25]{PK 33.4}
§51
In the proverbs of Solomon are outlined principles of holy living and high endeavor, principles that are heaven-born and that lead to godliness, principles that should govern every act of life. It was the wide dissemination of these principles, and the recognition of God as the One to whom all praise and honor belong, that made Solomons early reign a time of moral uplift as well as of material prosperity.{PK 33.4}[25]
§52
他写道：“得智慧、得聪明的，这人便为有福。因为得智慧胜过得银子，其利益强如精金，比珍珠宝贵，你一切所喜爱的，都不足与比较。她右手有长寿，左手有富贵。她的道是安乐，她的路全是平安。她与持守她的作生命树，持定她的俱各有福。”（箴3:13-18）[26]{PK 34.1}
§53
Happy is the man that findeth wisdom, he wrote, and the man that getteth understanding. For the merchandise of it is better than the merchandise of silver, and the gain thereof than fine gold. She is more precious than rubies: and all things thou canst desire are not to be compared unto her. Length of days is in her right hand; and in her left hand riches and honor. Her ways are ways of pleasantness, and all her paths are peace. She is a tree of life to them that lay hold upon her: and happy is every one that retaineth her. Proverbs 3:13-18.{PK 34.1}[26]
§54
“智慧为首，所以要得智慧，在你一切所得之内必得聪明。”（箴4:7）“敬畏耶和华是智慧的开端。”（诗111:10）“敬畏耶和华，在乎恨恶邪恶。那骄傲、狂妄并恶道，以及乖谬的口，都为我所恨恶。”（箴8:13）[27]{PK 34.2}
§55
Wisdom is the principal thing; therefore get wisdom: and with all thy getting get understanding. Proverbs 4:7. The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom. Psalm 111:10. The fear of the Lord is to hate evil: pride, and arrogancy, and the evil way, and the froward mouth, do I hate. Proverbs 8:13.{PK 34.2}[27]
§56
但愿所罗门能在晚年留意这些智慧的格言！但愿这个曾亲口说过“智慧人的嘴，播扬知识，”（箴15:7）也曾亲自教训地上的君王将他们所要给予地上统治者的赞美归给万王之王的人，从来没有因“骄傲、狂妄”而以“乖谬的口”将唯应归与上帝的荣耀归给他自己！[28]{PK 34.3}
§57
O that in later years Solomon had heeded these wonderful words of wisdom! O that he who had declared, The lips of the wise disperse knowledge (Proverbs 15:17), and who had himself taught the kings of the earth to render to the King of kings the praise they desired to give to an earthly ruler, had never with a froward mouth, in pride and arrogancy, taken to himself the glory due to God alone!{PK 34.3}[28]