第64章 大卫的逃亡
§1
第64章 大卫的逃亡
§2
Chap. 64 - David a Fugitive
§3
大卫杀了歌利亚之后，扫罗就留他在身边，不再让他回到他父亲的家去。那时“约拿单的心，与大卫的心，深相契合；约拿单爱大卫，如同爱自己的性命。”（见撒上18:-22:）约拿单与大卫立约，结盟为弟兄，王的儿子“从身上脱下外袍，给了大卫，又将战衣、刀、弓、腰带，都给了他。”大卫被派担负重要的责任，但他依然保持谦恭的风度，因此博得众民的爱戴和王室的喜悦。[1]{PP 649.1}
§4
After the slaying of Goliath, Saul kept David with him, and would not permit him to return to his fathers house. And it came to pass that the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul. Jonathan and David made a covenant to be united as brethren, and the kings son stripped himself of the robe that was upon him, and gave it to David, and his garments, even to his sword, and to his bow, and to his girdle. David was entrusted with important responsibilities, yet he preserved his modesty, and won the affection of the people as well as the royal household.{PP 649.1}[1]
§5
“扫罗无论差遣大卫往何处去，他都作事精明；扫罗就立他作战士长。”大卫作事谨慎尽忠，显明有上帝的恩惠与他同在。扫罗有时感觉自己不配执掌以色列的政权，并觉得他若与这一个受耶和华教导的人在一起，则国家的安全可保无虞。扫罗还希望自己与大卫同处，使自己的性命更有保障。大卫既为耶和华所喜爱所保护，那么当扫罗与他一同出去作战时，也就可以得到保护了。[2]{PP 649.2}
§6
David went out whithersoever Saul sent him, and behaved himself wisely: and Saul set him over the men of war. David was prudent and faithful, and it was evident that the blessing of God was with him. Saul at times realized his own unfitness for the government of Israel, and he felt that the kingdom would be more secure if there could be connected with him one who received instruction from the Lord. Saul hoped also that his connection with David would be a safeguard to himself. Since David was favored and shielded by the Lord, his presence might be a protection to Saul when he went out with him to war.{PP 649.2}[2]
§7
大卫之与扫罗交往，乃是出于上帝的旨意。大卫在朝廷中的地位，使他可以熟悉国事，好为他将来的丰功伟业作准备。这也可以使他得到国人的信任。后来他因扫罗的仇恨而遭的变故和困难，使他感觉自己有全心依靠上帝的必要。至于约拿单和大卫的友谊，那也是出于上帝的旨意，为要保护这个将来作以色列王的青年。在这一切事上，上帝都在为大卫和以色列民成全他自己的美意。[3]{PP 649.3}
§8
It was the providence of God that had connected David with Saul. Davids position at court would give him a knowledge of affairs, in preparation for his future greatness. It would enable him to gain the confidence of the nation. The vicissitudes and hardships which befell him, through the enmity of Saul, would lead him to feel his dependence upon God, and to put his whole trust in Him. And the friendship of Jonathan for David was also of Gods providence, to preserve the life of the future ruler of Israel. In all these things God was working out His gracious purposes, both for David and for the people of Israel. {PP 649.3}[3]
§9
扫罗与大卫的睦谊并没有维持多久。有一次，扫罗和大卫与非利士人作战回来的时候，“妇女们从以色列各城里出来。欢欢喜喜，打鼓击磬，歌唱跳舞，迎接扫罗王。”一队歌唱说：“扫罗杀死千千，”另一队就应和说：“大卫杀死万万。”于是嫉妒的恶魔进入了王的心。他因以色列的妇女唱歌时尊荣大卫过于自己，甚是恼怒。他没有克服这嫉妒的情绪，反而显出了品格上的弱点。他说：“将万万归大卫，千千归我；只剩下王位没有给他了。”[4]{PP 650.1}
§10
Saul, however, did not long remain friendly to David. When Saul and David were returning from battle with the Philistines, the women came out of all cities of Israel, singing and dancing, to meet King Saul, with tabrets, with joy, and with instruments of music. One company sang, Saul hath slain his thousands, while another company took up the strain, and responded, And David his ten thousands. The demon of jealousy entered the heart of the king. He was angry because David was exalted above himself in the song of the women of Israel. In place of subduing these envious feelings, he displayed the weakness of his character, and exclaimed. They have ascribed unto David ten thousands, and to me they have ascribed but thousands: and what can he have more but the kingdom?{PP 650.1}[4]
§11
扫罗品格上的一个最大缺点，就是他爱受人的称赞。这种特性已经控制了他的行动和思想；每一件事都显明他有喜欢得称赞和自高自大的欲望。他的是非标准完全根据于民众的褒贬。一个人若只知讨人的欢喜而不先求上帝的嘉纳，那是很危险的。扫罗的野心乃是要在人的评判中作第一流人物；所以当妇女们唱歌的时候，王的心中确实感到大卫必要获得民心，并要接替他的王位。[5]{PP 650.2}
§12
One great defect in the character of Saul was his love of approbation. This trait had had a controlling influence over his actions and thoughts; everything was marked by his desire for praise and self-exaltation. His standard of right and wrong was the low standard of popular applause. No man is safe who lives that he may please men, and does not seek first for the approbation of God. It was the ambition of Saul to be first in the estimation of men; and when this song of praise was sung, a settled conviction entered the mind of the king that David would obtain the hearts of the people and reign in his stead.{PP 650.2}[5]
§13
扫罗打开了心门让嫉妒的灵进来，以致使他的心灵中了毒。他虽然领受过先知撒母耳的教训，知道上帝必成就自己的旨意，而且没有人能加以拦阻；但王却显明自己对上帝的计划和能力，还没有真正的认识。这个以色列的王却拿自己的意见，来反抗无穷上帝的旨意。扫罗还没有学会在他治理以色列国的时候，他必须先正自己的心。他让情感的冲动控制自己的判断力，直到他陷入了疯狂的状态中。他有时会勃然大怒，随时可以杀害一切胆敢反抗他意旨的人。有时他会从一时的狂怒转到绝望和自暴自弃的境地，心中悔恨不已。[6]{PP 650.3}
§14
Saul opened his heart to the spirit of jealousy by which his soul was poisoned. Notwithstanding the lessons which he had received from the prophet Samuel, instructing him that God would accomplish whatsoever He chose, and that no one could hinder it, the king made it evident that he had no true knowledge of the plans or power of God. The monarch of Israel was opposing his will to the will of the Infinite One. Saul had not learned, while ruling the kingdom of Israel, that he should rule his own spirit. He allowed his impulses to control his judgment, until he was plunged into a fury of passion. He had paroxysms of rage, when he was ready to take the life of any who dared oppose his will. From this frenzy he would pass into a state of despondency and self-contempt, and remorse would take possession of his soul.{PP 650.3}[6]
§15
扫罗爱听大卫弹琴，因弹琴时恶魔似乎是被赶走了；但有一天，正当这青年人在他面前侍立，在琴上弹出美妙的音乐，扬声赞美上帝时，扫罗忽然抡枪要刺死这个音乐家。大卫却蒙上帝保护，躲过了那疯狂之王的忿怒，没有受害。[7]{PP 650.4}
§16
He loved to hear David play upon his harp, and the evil spirit seemed to be charmed away for the time; but one day when the youth was ministering before him, and bringing sweet music from his instrument, accompanying his voice as he sang the praises of God, Saul suddenly threw his spear at the musician, for the purpose of putting an end to his life. David was preserved by the interposition of God, and without injury fled from the rage of the maddened king.{PP 650.4}[7]
§17
扫罗对大卫的仇恨越来越深了，故多方寻找机会要杀害他；但是扫罗所有反抗耶和华受膏者的种种计划，都不得逞。扫罗让那鼓动他的恶魔完全控制了他；大卫却依靠着那谋事有大略，行事有大能的主。“敬畏耶和华，是智慧的开端；”（箴9:10）大卫经常祈求上帝的指引，使他可以在上帝面前行为完全。[8]{PP 651.1}
§18
As Sauls hatred of David increased, he became more and more watchful to find an opportunity to take his life; but none of his plans against the anointed of the Lord were successful. Saul gave himself up to the control of the wicked spirit that ruled over him; while David trusted in Him who is mighty in counsel, and strong to deliver. The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom (Proverbs 9:10), and Davids prayer was continually directed to God, that he might walk before Him in a perfect way.{PP 651.1}[8]
§19
王不愿自己的对头常在眼前，所以“使大卫离开自己，立他为千夫长，……但以色列和犹大众人，都爱大卫。”百姓很容易看出大卫是有本领的，凡他手中所办理的一切事务，无不精明机智。这个青年人所建议的方针都是明智缜密的，而且实行起来非常稳妥；至于扫罗的见解有时就不甚可靠，他的决断常是不甚高明。[9]{PP 651.2}
§20
Desiring to be freed from the presence of his rival, the king removed him from him, and made him his captain over a thousand. . . . But all Israel and Judah loved David. The people were not slow to see that David was a competent person, and that the affairs entrusted to his hands were managed with wisdom and skill. The counsels of the young man were of a wise and discreet character, and proved to be safe to follow; while the judgment of Saul was at times unreliable, and his decisions were not wise.{PP 651.2}[9]
§21
扫罗虽然时常要寻找机会杀害大卫，但同时也惧怕大卫，因为很显然地有耶和华与他同在。大卫无瑕疵的品格引起了王的忿怒；他认为大卫的人生对他无异是一种谴责，因为他的品格与大卫比较起来，就自惭形秽。这种嫉妒的心使扫罗的人生至感苦闷，并使他手下这个青年的性命频危，有朝不保夕之势。这种品格上的恶性在世间不知造成多少祸害啊！那存在扫罗心中的仇恨，也就是激动该隐杀害他兄弟亚伯的仇恨；因为亚伯的行为是义的，蒙了上帝的尊重，而他自己的行为却是恶的，耶和华就不能赐福给他。嫉妒实由骄傲而生；人若存这样的心，就必进一步产生仇恨，终至造成报复和凶杀。撒但激动了扫罗的怒气，使他恨恶一个从来没有加害于他的人；在这一件事上，撒但就把自己的真相显露出来了。[10]{PP 651.3}
§22
Though Saul was ever on the alert for an opportunity to destroy David, he stood in fear of him, since it was evident that the Lord was with him. Davids blameless character aroused the wrath of the king; he deemed that the very life and presence of David cast a reproach upon him, since by contrast it presented his own character to disadvantage. It was envy that made Saul miserable and put the humble subject of his throne in jeopardy. What untold mischief has this evil trait of character worked in our world! The same enmity existed in the heart of Saul that stirred the heart of Cain against his brother Abel, because Abels works were righteous, and God honored him, and his own works were evil, and the Lord could not bless him. Envy is the offspring of pride, and if it is entertained in the heart, it will lead to hatred, and eventually to revenge and murder. Satan displayed his own character in exciting the fury of Saul against him who had never done him harm.{PP 651.3}[10]
§23
王严密地监视着大卫，希望他作出不分皂白或鲁莽的事，以便有所借口，好来破坏他的名誉。除非他把那青年置于死地，同时还使自己的恶行在国人面前显着正义，就不能甘心。有一次，扫罗想布置罗网陷害大卫，劝他奋勇与非利士人争战，并许以长公主给他为妻，作为他勇武的报赏。对这个上谕，大卫谦逊地回答说：“我是谁？我是什么出身？我父家在以色列中是何等的家，岂敢作王的女婿呢？”结果王自食其言，却把公主嫁了别人。[11]{PP 651.4}
§24
The king kept a strict watch upon David, hoping to find some occasion of indiscretion or rashness that might serve as an excuse to bring him into disgrace. He felt that he could not be satisfied until he could take the young mans life and still be justified before the nation for his evil act. He laid a snare for the feet of David, urging him to conduct the war against the Philistines with still greater vigor, and promising, as a reward of his valor, an alliance with the eldest daughter of the royal house. To this proposal Davids modest answer was, Who am I? and what is my life, or my fathers family in Israel, that I should be son-in-law to the king? The monarch manifested his insincerity by wedding the princess to another.{PP 651.4}[11]
§25
扫罗的次女米甲爱大卫，因此王就又有机会可以设计害他的对头了。扫罗将米甲许给大卫，要他打败敌人，并以击杀一定数目的敌人为聘礼。“扫罗的意思要使大卫丧在非利士人的手里；”但上帝保护了他的仆人。大卫去作战得胜回来，就作了王的女婿。扫罗的“女儿米甲爱大卫，”王看到自己的计谋反而使他所要杀害的人升高，就越发恼怒。他更相信这就是耶和华所说比他好的人，而且大卫必要接替他在以色列的宝座上作王。于是他就扯下了面具，发出一道命令，叫约拿单和他的臣仆把他所恨的人处死。[12]{PP 652.1}
§26
An attachment for David on the part of Michal, Sauls youngest daughter, afforded the king another opportunity to plot against his rival. Michals hand was offered the young man on condition that evidence should be given of the defeat and slaughter of a specified number of their national foes. Saul thought to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines, but God shielded His servant. David returned a victor from the battle, to become the kings son-in-law. Michal Sauls daughter loved him, and the monarch, enraged, saw that his plots had resulted in the elevation of him whom he sought to destroy. He was still more assured that this was the man whom the Lord had said was better than he, and who should reign on the throne of Israel in his place. Throwing off all disguise, he issued a command to Jonathan and to the officers of the court to take the life of the one he hated.{PP 652.1}[12]
§27
约拿单既发现王对大卫所怀的心意，就嘱咐大卫隐藏起来；他要求父亲爱惜这个以色列的拯救者的性命。他向王诉说大卫维护国家的声威，保障国家的安全；并提到若是他杀了上帝所用来击败他们仇敌的人，他将要负何等可怕的罪责。于是王的良心发现，心地柔和起来了。“扫罗……指着永生的耶和华起誓，说：我必不杀他。”约拿单就带大卫来见扫罗，他就像过去一样，仍旧侍立在王面前。[13]{PP 652.2}
§28
Jonathan revealed the kings intention to David and bade him conceal himself while he would plead with his father to spare the life of the deliverer of Israel. He presented before the king what David had done to preserve the honor and even the life of the nation, and what terrible guilt would rest upon the murderer of the one whom God had used to scatter their enemies. The conscience of the king was touched, and his heart was softened. And Saul sware, As the Lord liveth, he shall not be slain. David was brought to Saul, and he ministered in his presence, as he had done in the past.{PP 652.2}[13]
§29
以色列人又与非利士人争战，大卫就带兵前去攻击他们的仇敌。希伯来人得了极大的胜利，全国的百姓无不称赞大卫的机智的英勇。这事又惹起了扫罗先前恶毒的心。正当这青年人在王面前奏乐，王宫里洋溢着和谐的乐声时，扫罗怒不可遏，就向大卫投枪，想要把这个音乐家刺穿，钉在墙上；但耶和华的使者把这致命的武器拔转了方向。大卫幸免于死，便逃到家里。扫罗却派探子去守候，等到第二天清早他出来的时候，结束他的性命。[14]{PP 652.3}
§30
Again war was declared between the Israelites and the Philistines, and David led the army against their enemies. A great victory was gained by the Hebrews, and the people of the realm praised his wisdom and heroism. This served to stir up the former bitterness of Saul against him. While the young man was playing before the king, filling the palace with sweet harmony. Sauls passion overcame him, and he hurled a javelin at David, thinking to pin the musician to the wall; but the angel of the Lord turned aside the deadly weapon. David escaped and fled to his own house. Saul sent spies that they might take him as he should come out in the morning, and put an end to his life.{PP 652.3}[14]
§31
米甲把她父亲的意向告诉了大卫并劝他速速逃命，于是把他从窗户里缒下去，这样就让大卫逃跑了。他逃往拉玛撒母耳那里去，先知不怕王怒，收留了这个逃亡的人。撒母耳的家是一个和平的所在，与王宫里的情形恰恰相反。耶和华所尊荣的仆人就在这里的山间进行他的工作。有一班先见与他在一起，他们孜孜不倦地研究上帝的旨意，并恭聆撒母耳口中的教训。大卫在这里从以色列的教师所学得的教训是宝贵的。大卫相信扫罗总不至于命令他的军队侵入这神圣的地区；但同时这心地昏昧肆无忌惮的王，又似乎不把任何地带看为神圣不可侵犯的。结果，大卫与撒母耳在一处的消息引起了王的嫉妒；扫罗唯恐这为全以色列人所景仰的上帝的先知撒母耳会支持他的对头大卫，并帮助他成功。王既知道大卫的去向，就派臣仆把他带到基比亚来，打算在那里实行杀害他的计划。[15]{PP 653.1}
§32
Michal informed David of the purpose of her father. She urged him to flee for his life, and let him down from the window, thus enabling him to make his escape. He fled to Samuel at Ramah, and the prophet, fearless of the kings displeasure, welcomed the fugitive. The home of Samuel was a peaceful place in contrast with the royal palace. It was here, amid the hills, that the honored servant of the Lord continued his work. A company of seers was with him, and they studied closely the will of God and listened reverently to the words of instruction that fell from the lips of Samuel. Precious were the lessons that David learned from the teacher of Israel. David believed that the troops of Saul would not be ordered to invade this sacred place, but no place seemed to be sacred to the darkened mind of the desperate king. Davids connection with Samuel aroused the jealousy of the king, lest he who was revered as a prophet of God throughout all Israel should lend his influence to the advancement of Sauls rival. When the king learned where David was, he sent officers to bring him to Gibeah, where he intended to carry out his murderous design.{PP 653.1}[15]
§33
使者去了，打算捉拿大卫；但有一位比扫罗更大的主控制了他们。他们遇到人眼所看不见的天使，正如巴兰要去咒诅以色列人时，在路上遇见的天使一样。他们就受感说话，预言将来所要发生的事，并颂扬耶和华的荣耀和威严。这样，上帝控制了人的怒气，并显出他的能力来遏止邪恶，同时他也差遣护卫的天使围绕着他的仆人。[16]{PP 653.2}
§34
The messengers went on their way, intent upon taking Davids life; but One greater than Saul controlled them. They were met by unseen angels, as was Balaam when he was on his way to curse Israel. They began to utter prophetic sayings of what would occur in the future, and proclaimed the glory and majesty of Jehovah. Thus God overruled the wrath of man and manifested His power to restrain evil, while He walled in His servant by a guard of angels.{PP 653.2}[16]
§35
扫罗正在急切地等待着大卫落在他的手里，这消息传到他耳中了；他没有因此而感到上帝的谴责，反而更为愤怒，再差遣一批臣仆去。这些人也被上帝的灵所制伏了，并与第一批人一同受感说预言。王又派第三批使者去；但他们一来到先知们中间，上帝的灵便降在他们身上，他们也受感说预言了。于是扫罗决定要自己前往，因为那时他凶暴的仇恨心已经抑制不住了。他决定不再等候机会刺杀大卫；他要一直找到大卫，亲手把他杀死，后果如何也在所不计了。[17]{PP 653.3}
§36
The tidings reached Saul as he eagerly waited to have David in his power; but instead of feeling the rebuke of God, he was still more exasperated, and sent other messengers. These also were overpowered by the Spirit of God, and united with the first in prophesying. The third embassage was sent by the king; but when they came into the company of the prophets, the divine influence fell upon them also, and they prophesied. Saul then decided that he himself would go, for his fierce enmity had become uncontrollable. He was determined to wait for no further chance to kill David; as soon as he should come within reach of him, he intended with his own hand to slay him, whatever might be the consequences.{PP 653.3}[17]
§37
但上帝的一个天使在路上迎见扫罗，约束了他。上帝的灵用权能管住他，他就一面向前走，一面祈祷上帝，一面讲预言唱圣诗。他预言到弥赛亚来做世人之救赎主的事。当他来到拉玛先知的家中时，他就脱下那表示他品位的外袍，整天整夜在上帝圣灵的影响之下，躺卧在撒母耳和他的学生们面前。百姓聚集来观看这希奇的事件，于是王的这个经历就传遍远近各地。这样，在他作王的末年，以色列有一句俗语说：“扫罗也列在先知中吗？”[18]{PP 654.1}
§38
But an angel of God met him on the way and controlled him. The Spirit of God held him in Its power, and he went forward uttering prayers to God, interspersed with predictions and sacred melodies. He prophesied of the coming Messiah as the worlds Redeemer. When he came to the prophets home in Ramah, he laid aside the outer garments that betokened his rank, and all day and all night he lay before Samuel and his pupils, under the influence of the divine Spirit. The people were drawn together to witness this strange scene, and the experience of the king was reported far and wide. Thus again, near the close of his reign, it became a proverb in Israel that Saul also was among the prophets.{PP 654.1}[18]
§39
逼迫人者的图谋又失败了。他向大卫保证，此后必言归于好，但是大卫不敢相信王已诚心悔改。唯恐王的性情反复无常，一如从前，于是他乘机逃跑了。大卫心内伤痛，渴望再见他的好友约拿单一面。他自觉无辜，所以找到王的儿子，向他提出最动人的问题说：“我作了什么？有什么罪孽呢？在你父亲面前犯了什么罪，他竟寻索我的性命呢？”约拿单相信他父亲已经改变了主张，不再立意寻索大卫的命。所以约拿单回答他说：“断然不是；你必不至死；我父作事，无论大小，没有不叫我知道的；怎么独有这事隐瞒我呢？决不如此。”在上帝能力的非常显示之后，约拿单不能相信他父亲还会伤害大卫，因为这样就显明他是悖逆上帝了。可是大卫还不能放心。他极恳切的对约拿单说：“我指着永生的耶和华，又敢在你面前起誓，我离死不过一步。”[19]{PP 654.2}
§40
Again the persecutor was defeated in his purpose. He assured David that he was at peace with him, but David had little confidence in the kings repentance. He took this opportunity to escape, lest the mood of the king should change, as formerly. His heart was wounded within him, and he longed to see his friend Jonathan once more. Conscious of his innocence, he sought the kings son and made a most touching appeal. What have I done? he asked, what is mine iniquity? and what is my sin before thy father, that he seeketh my life? Jonathan believed that his father had changed his purpose and no longer intended to take the life of David. And Jonathan said unto him, God forbid; thou shalt not die: behold, my father will do nothing either great or small, but that he will show it me: and why should my father hide this thing from me? It is not so. After the remarkable exhibition of the power of God, Jonathan could not believe that his father would still harm David, since this would be manifest rebellion against God. But David was not convinced. With intense earnestness he declared to Jonathan, As the Lord liveth, and as thy soul liveth, there is but a step between me and death.{PP 654.2}[19]
§41
以色列人每逢月朔举行一次神圣的宴会。这次月朔正好是大卫和约拿单会面的次日。按着习惯，这两个青年人都应在这一天和王一同赴席；但大卫不敢去，所以他们决定他先到伯利恒去访问他的哥哥们。回来就隐藏在离宴会不远的田野里，三天不在王的席上露面；约拿单就要注意扫罗的反应如何。如果扫罗问耶西的儿子在何处，约拿单就要说他已经回家去参加他父家的年祭了。如果王没有怒意，只回答说“好，”那就说明大卫回到王廷是没有危险的。但如果王因他缺席而发怒，那就决定大卫必须逃命。[20]{PP 654.3}
§42
At the time of the new moon a sacred festival was celebrated in Israel. This festival recurred upon the day following the interview between David and Jonathan. At this feast it was expected that both the young men would appear at the kings table; but David feared to be present, and it was arranged that he should visit his brothers in Bethlehem. On his return he was to hide himself in a field not far from the banqueting hall, for three days absenting himself from the presence of the king; and Jonathan would note the effect upon Saul. If inquiry should be made as to the whereabouts of the son of Jesse, Jonathan was to say that he had gone home to attend the sacrifice offered by his fathers household. If no angry demonstrations were made by the king, but he should answer, It is well, then it would be safe for David to return to the court. But if he should become enraged at his absence, it would decide the matter of Davids flight.{PP 654.3}[20]
§43
第一天坐席的时候，王没有询问大卫缺席的事；但第二天，大卫的座位还是空设，他就询问说：“耶西的儿子为何昨日今日，没有来吃饭呢？约拿单回答扫罗说，大卫切求我容他往伯利恒去；他说，求你容我去；因为我家在城里有献祭的事；我长兄吩咐我去。如今我若在你眼前蒙恩，求你容我去见我的弟兄；所以大卫没有赴王的席。”扫罗听见这话，就怒不可遏。他说，只要大卫活着，约拿单就不能登以色列的王位；于是他吩咐人，立时去捉拿大卫，把他处死。这时候约拿单再为他的朋友代求说：“他为什么该死呢？他作了什么呢？”这个请求令王像着了魔似的发怒了，这时他把要用来刺死大卫的枪投向自己的儿子了。[21]{PP 655.1}
§44
On the first day of the feast the king made no inquiry concerning the absence of David; but when his place was vacant the second day, he questioned, Wherefore cometh not the son of Jesse to meat, neither yesterday nor today? And Jonathan answered Saul, David earnestly asked leave of me to go to Bethlehem: and he said, Let me go, I pray thee; for our family hath a sacrifice in the city; and my brother, he hath commanded me to be there: and now, if I have found favor in thine eyes, let me get away, I pray thee, and see my brethren. Therefore he cometh not unto the kings table. When Saul heard these words, his anger was ungovernable. He declared that as long as David lived, Jonathan could not come to the throne of Israel, and he demanded that David should be sent for immediately, that he might be put to death. Jonathan again made intercession for his friend, pleading, Wherefore shall he be slain? what hath he done? This appeal to the king only made him more satanic in his fury, and the spear which he had intended for David he now hurled at his own son.{PP 655.1}[21]
§45
王子忧愤交集地离开王前，不再赴席。他的心都给愁苦挫折尽了，他在约定的时候，到大卫等候听取王对他所怀之意念的地点去。他们彼此伏在颈项上恸哭。王狠毒的心已经在这两个青年身上投下了阴影，他们忧苦非常，莫可言宣。当他们分手各奔前程时，约拿单最后才向大卫说：“我们二人曾指着耶和华的名起誓，说：愿耶和华在你我中间，并你我后裔中间为证，直到永远；如今你平平安安的去吧。”[22]{PP 655.2}
§46
The prince was grieved and indignant, and leaving the royal presence, he was no more a guest at the feast. His soul was bowed down with sorrow as he repaired at the appointed time to the spot where David was to learn the kings intentions toward him. Each fell upon the others neck, and they wept bitterly. The dark passion of the king cast its shadow upon the life of the young men, and their grief was too intense for expression. Jonathans last words fell upon the ear of David as they separated to pursue their different paths, Go in peace, forasmuch as we have sworn both of us in the name of the Lord, saying, The Lord be between me and thee, and between my seed and thy seed forever.{PP 655.2}[22]
§47
王的儿子回基比亚去，大卫则急忙往一个相离只有几里路的城挪伯去。这城也是属于便雅悯支派的。那时，会幕已经从示罗挪到这里，有大祭司亚希米勒在此供职。大卫除了到上帝的仆人那里之外，不知道逃往何处避难才好。祭司见大卫独自匆匆而来，面上又现出焦急忧愁的样子，就甚为惊奇。并问他为何到这里来。这个青年人恐被人发觉，就在窘迫之中采用欺诈手段了。大卫告诉祭司说，他奉王的差派，出来办一件机密而非常紧急的事。这就显明他缺少对上帝的信赖。他犯这罪的结果，竟使大祭司因而丧命。如果他清楚地说明事的原委，亚希米勒就可以知道应采取什么步骤来保全自己的性命。上帝要他的子民一贯以诚实为特征，即使在最大的危险之中也该如此。大卫要求祭司给他五个饼。当时祭司那里除了圣饼之外，没有别的食物，但大卫除去了他的顾虑，取了圣饼充饥。[23]{PP 655.3}
§48
The kings son returned to Gibeah, and David hastened to reach Nob, a city but a few miles distant, and also belonging to the tribe of Benjamin. The tabernacle had been taken to this place from Shiloh, and here Ahimelech the high priest ministered. David knew not whither to flee for refuge, except to the servant of God. The priest looked upon him with astonishment, as he came in haste and apparently alone, with a countenance marked by anxiety and sorrow. He inquired what had brought him there. The young man was in constant fear of discovery, and in his extremity he resorted to deception. David told the priest that he had been sent by the king on a secret errand, one which required the utmost expedition. Here he manifested a want of faith in God, and his sin resulted in causing the death of the high priest. Had the facts been plainly stated, Ahimelech would have known what course to pursue to preserve his life. God requires that truthfulness shall mark His people, even in the greatest peril. David asked the priest for five loaves of bread. There was nothing but hallowed bread in the possession of the man of God, but David succeeded in removing his scruples, and obtained the bread to satisfy his hunger.{PP 655.3}[23]
§49
这时有一个新的危险发生。扫罗的司牧长以东人多益，已经信奉希伯来人的上帝，这时正在敬拜上帝的地方还愿。大卫一见这人，就决定要赶紧到别处去躲避，并决定必须预备武器，以便在必要时可用以自卫。他向亚希米勒要一把刀。亚希米勒告诉他，除了有歌利亚的刀放在会幕里作为陈列品之外，再没有别的武器，大卫回答说：“这刀没有可比的；求你给我。”从前他曾用这把刀杀死非利士的大将，如今再拿到手里，他的勇气就振作起来了。[24]{PP 656.1}
§50
A new danger now presented itself. Doeg, the chief of Sauls herdsmen, who had professed the faith of the Hebrews, was now paying his vows in the place of worship. At sight of this man David determined to make haste to secure another place of refuge, and to obtain some weapon with which to defend himself if defense should become necessary. He asked Ahimelech for a sword, and was told that he had none except the sword of Goliath, which had been kept as a relic in the tabernacle. David replied, There is none like that; give it me. His courage revived as he grasped the sword that he had once used in destroying the champion of the Philistines.{PP 656.1}[24]
§51
大卫逃到迦特王亚吉那里；他觉得住在以色列的仇敌当中，比住在扫罗的领土之内还安全呢。但是有人告诉亚吉说，大卫就是那多年前杀死非利士大将的人；于是这个想要在以色列的仇敌中间避难的人，忽然发觉自己是处在极大的危险之中。他就假装疯癫来欺骗他的仇敌，结果就逃走了。[25]{PP 656.2}
§52
David fled to Achish, the king of Gath; for he felt that there was more safety in the midst of the enemies of his people than in the dominions of Saul. But it was reported to Achish that David was the man who had slain the Philistine champion years before; and now he who had sought refuge with the foes of Israel found himself in great peril. But, feigning madness, he deceived his enemies and thus made his escape.{PP 656.2}[25]
§53
大卫的第一个错误，是在挪伯没有依靠上帝，第二个错误，是欺骗亚吉。大卫过去曾显示品格上的优美，他的德行曾博得百姓的爱戴；但当试炼临到他身上时，信心就动摇起来，肉身的软弱也暴露出来了；他竟怀疑每一个人都是奸细，都是密探。从前大卫在一次极大危机之中，曾以纯一的信心仰望上帝，杀败非利士的巨人。那时，他能相信上帝，并奉他的名出去作战。但当他被追捕受逼迫时，困惑和苦难的乌云几乎把天父的面都遮蔽了。[26]{PP 656.3}
§54
The first error of David was his distrust of God at Nob, and his second mistake was his deception before Achish. David had displayed noble traits of character, and his moral worth had won him favor with the people; but as trial came upon him, his faith was shaken, and human weakness appeared. He saw in every man a spy and a betrayer. In a great emergency David had looked up to God with a steady eye of faith, and had vanquished the Philistine giant. He believed in God, he went in His name. But as he had been hunted and persecuted, perplexity and distress had nearly hidden his heavenly Father from his sight.{PP 656.3}[26]
§55
但是大卫的这个经历乃是要教训他学习智慧；使他觉悟自己的软弱，和经常依靠上帝的必要。当圣灵临到忧郁而绝望的人心中时，他美妙的感化力是何等地宝贵啊！他使灰心的人得到鼓舞，衰弱的人得到力量，耶和华受试炼的仆人得到勇气和帮助。上帝是多么柔和地对待犯错的人啊！当我们被重大的忧患压倒时，他在我们的苦难中显明他的忍耐和慈爱，我们的上帝真是应当赞颂的。[27]{PP 657.1}
§56
Yet this experience was serving to teach David wisdom; for it led him to realize his weakness and the necessity of constant dependence upon God. Oh, how precious is the sweet influence of the Spirit of God as it comes to depressed or despairing souls, encouraging the fainthearted, strengthening the feeble, and imparting courage and help to the tried servants of the Lord! Oh, what a God is ours, who deals gently with the erring and manifests His patience and tenderness in adversity, and when we are overwhelmed with some great sorrow!{PP 657.1}[27]
§57
上帝儿女的每一次失败，都是因为缺少信心。当幽暗笼罩着我们的心灵时，当我们需要光明和指导时，我们必须向上仰望；在黑云之上总是有光明的。大卫原不该片时离开上帝。他很有依靠他的理由，他是耶和华的受膏者，他过去在危险之中，也曾蒙上帝天使的保护；他曾经满有胆量，行了惊人的事；如果他不注意自己所处的困难境地，只思念上帝的大能和威严，即使是在死亡的阴影之下，他也可以安心的；他很可以笃信不疑地重述耶和华的应许说：“大山可以挪开，小山可以迁移；但我的慈爱必不离开你，我平安的约也不迁移。”（赛54:10）[28]{PP 657.2}
§58
Every failure on the part of the children of God is due to their lack of faith. When shadows encompass the soul, when we want light and guidance, we must look up; there is light beyond the darkness. David ought not to have distrusted God for one moment. He had cause for trusting in Him: he was the Lords anointed, and in the midst of danger he had been protected by the angels of God; he had been armed with courage to do wonderful things; and if he had but removed his mind from the distressing situation in which he was placed, and had thought of Gods power and majesty, he would have been at peace even in the midst of the shadows of death; he could with confidence have repeated the promise of the Lord, The mountains shall depart, and the hills be removed; but My kindness shall not depart from thee, neither shall the covenant of My peace be removed. Isaiah 54:10.{PP 657.2}[28]
§59
大卫在犹大的山中找到了一个躲避扫罗追逐的所在。他逃到亚杜兰洞，这是一夫当关万夫莫开的好地方。“他的弟兄和他父亲的全家听见了，就都下到他那里。”大卫的家人自觉没有保障，因为扫罗无理的疑心，随时会因为他们和大卫的关系而株连他们。他们此时已经知道——这也是以色列人所共知的，上帝已拣选大卫作他百姓将来的王，这时他虽然还是偏僻山洞中的一个逃亡者，他们相信与他在一起，比在一个嫉妒成性之王的疯狂政权下安全多了。[29]{PP 657.3}
§60
Among the mountains of Judah, David sought refuge from the pursuit of Saul. He made good his escape to the cave of Adullam, a place that, with a small force, could be held against a large army. And when his brethren and all his fathers house heard it, they went down thither to him. The family of David could not feel secure, knowing that at any time the unreasonable suspicions of Saul might be directed against them on account of their relation to David. They had now learned--what was coming to be generally known in Israel--that God had chosen David as the future ruler of His people; and they believed that they would be safer with him, even though he was a fugitive in a lonely cave, than they could be while exposed to the insane madness of a jealous king.{PP 657.3}[29]
§61
大卫全家一心一意地团聚在亚杜兰的洞里。“看哪，弟兄和睦同居，是何等的善，何等的美。”（诗133:1）当耶西的儿子唱这一首诗的时候，他一面唱诗，一面弹琴，其曲调是何等的美妙啊！他从前曾尝过哥哥们不信任他的痛苦，如今有和谐的气氛代替过去不和谐的精神，就使这游子心中充满了喜乐。诗篇第五十七篇就是大卫在这里写的。[30]{PP 658.1}
§62
In the cave of Adullam the family were united in sympathy and affection. The son of Jesse could make melody with voice and harp as he sang, Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity! Psalm 133:1. He had tasted the bitterness of distrust on the part of his own brothers; and the harmony that had taken the place of discord brought joy to the exiles heart. It was here that David composed the fifty-seventh psalm.{PP 658.1}[30]
§63
不久，有一些愿望躲避扫罗王严酷手段的人，也来加入了大卫的队伍。有许多人对以色列王已经失去了信任，因为他们看出耶和华的灵不再领导他了。“凡受窘迫的，欠债的，心里苦恼的，都聚集到大卫那里；大卫就作他们的头目；跟随他的约有四百人。”在这里，大卫有他自己的一个小天下，其中是秩序井然，纪律严明。但就是在这山间隐退之处，他仍感觉不甚安全；因为他常看到一些迹象，知道王并没有放弃杀害他的计划。[31]{PP 658.2}
§64
It was not long before Davids company was joined by others who desired to escape the exactions of the king. There were many who had lost confidence in the ruler of Israel, for they could see that he was no longer guided by the Spirit of the Lord. And everyone that was in distress, and everyone that was in debt, and everyone that was discontented, resorted to David, and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. Here David had a little kingdom of his own, and in it order and discipline prevailed. But even in his retreat in the mountains he was far from feeling secure, for he received continual evidence that the king had not relinquished his murderous purpose.{PP 658.2}[31]
§65
他在摩押王那里为他的父母安排了一个避难所；后来他得耶和华先知的警告，就从他隐藏的地方逃到哈列的树林。大卫的经历并非不必要或没有效果的。上帝正在给他一种锻炼，使他有资格作一个公义慈爱的王和英明的将帅。在他带领这一班逃亡的人时，他就得到了准备，使他有资格担任扫罗的工作，因扫罗好杀成性，昏昧疏忽，已完全不配担任了。人一偏离了上帝的领导，就不可能保持那使他凭公义和审慎行事的镇定与智慧。世上再没有什么丧心病狂的事，比随从人的智慧而不受上帝智慧的引导，更为可怕，更无希望的了。[32]{PP 658.3}
§66
He found a refuge for his parents with the king of Moab, and then, at a warning of danger from a prophet of the Lord, he fled from his hiding place to the forest of Hareth. The experience through which David was passing was not unnecessary or fruitless. God was giving him a course of discipline to fit him to become a wise general as well as a just and merciful king. With his band of fugitives he was gaining a preparation to take up the work that Saul, because of his murderous passion and blind indiscretion, was becoming wholly unfitted to do. Men cannot depart from the counsel of God and still retain that calmness and wisdom which will enable them to act with justice and discretion. There is no insanity so dreadful, so hopeless, as that of following human wisdom, unguided by the wisdom of God.{PP 658.3}[32]
§67
扫罗曾准备在亚杜兰洞设计捉拿大卫，及至他发现大卫已经离开这个藏匿的所在，他就大大震怒。大卫的脱逃，对扫罗的确是一件奥妙莫测的事。他想自己营中必有奸细，把他的动态和计划告诉了耶西的儿子。[33]{PP 658.4}
§68
Saul had been preparing to ensnare and capture David in the cave of Adullam, and when it was discovered that David had left this place of refuge, the king was greatly enraged. The flight of David was a mystery to Saul. He could account for it only by the belief that there had been traitors in his camp, who had informed the son of Jesse of his proximity and design.{PP 658.4}[33]
§69
扫罗向他的臣仆肯定的说，必是有人结党反对他，于是他用丰厚的赏赐和尊荣的地位来收买他们，要他们说明百姓中究竟有谁与大卫勾结。以东人多益起来告发了。他为野心和贪欲所动，又因祭司曾责备过他的罪而怀恨在心，所以这次就报告了大卫去见亚希米勒的事；他故意歪曲事实，鼓动扫罗，使他对上帝的仆人发生恶感。邪恶之口所出的言语，是从地狱里点着的火，激起了扫罗心中恶劣的情绪。扫罗便大怒如狂，宣布祭司的全家都该处死。这可怕的命令立即执行了。不但亚希米勒本人，连他父家的人，“穿细麻布以弗得的八十五人，”都在王的命令之下，被嗜杀成性的多益杀死了。[34]{PP 659.1}
§70
He affirmed to his counselors that a conspiracy had been formed against him, and with the offer of rich gifts and positions of honor he bribed them to reveal who among his people had befriended David. Doeg the Edomite turned informer. Moved by ambition and avarice, and by hatred of the priest, who had reproved his sins, Doeg reported Davids visit to Ahimelech, representing the matter in such a light as to kindle Sauls anger against the man of God. The words of that mischievous tongue, set on fire of hell, stirred up the worst passions in Sauls heart. Maddened with rage, he declared that the whole family of the priest should perish. And the terrible decree was executed. Not only Ahimelech, but the members of his fathers house--four-score and five persons that did wear a linen ephod--were slain at the kings command, by the murderous hand of Doeg.{PP 659.1}[34]
§71
扫罗“又用刀将祭司城挪伯中的男女、孩童、吃奶的，和牛、羊、驴，尽都杀灭。”这是扫罗在撒但的控制之下所能作到的。当上帝告诉他亚玛力人业已经恶贯满盈，并吩咐他把他们全然杀灭时，他倒自以为太慈悲了，不愿执行上帝的判决，而怜惜了一些当灭之物；如今他没有上帝的命令，反而受了撒但的引领，竟杀害了耶和华的祭司，使挪伯的居民全都遭到灭亡。这就是不肯接受上帝引领的人所表现的悖谬心地。[35]{PP 659.2}
§72
And Nob, the city of the priests, smote he with the edge of the sword, both men and women, children and sucklings, and oxen, and asses, and sheep. This is what Saul could do under the control of Satan. When God had said that the iniquity of the Amalekites was full, and had commanded him to destroy them utterly, he thought himself too compassionate to execute the divine sentence, and he spared that which was devoted to destruction; but now, without a command from God, under the guidance of Satan, he could slay the priests of the Lord and bring ruin upon the inhabitants of Nob. Such is the perversity of the human heart that has refused the guidance of God.{PP 659.2}[35]
§73
这一件事，使全以色列人惊惶不已。这一次暴行的主动者乃是他们所拣选的王；而他的行为，也不过是效法一般不敬畏上帝的列国的君王作风。约柜固然仍在他们中间；但他们所求问的祭司都已死在刀下。以后要发生什么事呢？[36]{PP 659.3}
§74
This deed filled all Israel with horror. It was the king whom they had chosen that had committed this outrage, and he had only done after the manner of the kings of other nations that feared not God. The ark was with them, but the priests of whom they had inquired were slain with the sword. What would come next?{PP 659.3}[36]