第23章 十大灾难
§1
第23章 十大灾难
§2
Chap. 23 - The Plagues of Egypt
§3
亚伦蒙天使的指示，前去迎接他久别的兄弟；他们就在靠近何烈山的旷野之中见面了。他们在这里彼此畅谈，“摩西将耶和华打发他所说的言语，和嘱咐他所行的神迹，都告诉了亚伦。”（出4:27-31；又5-10:）于是他们一同上路往埃及去；他们到了歌珊地，招聚了以色列的众长老。亚伦便将上帝向摩西所行的事都讲了一遍，然后在百姓面前行了上帝所赐给摩西的那些神迹。“百姓就信了；以色列人听见耶和华眷顾他们，鉴察他们的困苦，就低头下拜。”[1]{PP 257.1}
§4
Aaron, being instructed by angels, went forth to meet his brother, from whom he had been so long separated; and they met amid the desert solitudes, near Horeb. Here they communed together, and Moses told Aaron all the words of the Lord who had sent him, and all the signs which He had commanded him. Exodus 4:28. Together they journeyed to Egypt; and having reached the land of Goshen, they proceeded to assemble the elders of Israel. Aaron repeated to them all the dealings of God with Moses, and then the signs which God had given Moses were shown before the people. The people believed: and when they heard that the Lord had visited the children of Israel, and that He had looked upon their affliction, then they bowed their heads and worshiped. Verse 31.{PP 257.1}[1]
§5
上帝也曾吩咐摩西带给埃及王一个信息。于是弟兄二人就以万王之王的使者资格，到法老的王宫去，他们奉上帝的名，说：“耶和华以色列的上帝这样说，容我的百姓去，在旷野向我守节。”[2]{PP 257.2}
§6
Moses had been charged also with a message for the king. The two brothers entered the palace of the Pharaohs as ambassadors from the King of kings, and they spoke in His name: Thus saith Jehovah, God of Israel, Let My people go, that they may hold a feast unto Me in the wilderness.{PP 257.2}[2]
§7
王问他们说：“耶和华是谁，使我听他的话，容以色列人去呢？我不认识耶和华，也不容以色列人去。”[3]{PP 257.3}
§8
Who is Jehovah, that I should obey His voice to let Israel go? demanded the monarch; I know not Jehovah, neither will I let Israel go.{PP 257.3}[3]
§9
他们回答说：“希伯来人的上帝遇见了我们，求你容我们往旷野去，走三天的路程，祭祀耶和华我们的上帝，免得他用瘟疫、刀兵，攻击我们。”[4]{PP 257.4}
§10
Their answer was, The God of the Hebrews hath met with us: let us go, we pray thee, three days journey into the desert, and sacrifice unto the Lord our God; lest He fall upon us with pestilence, or with the sword.{PP 257.4}[4]
§11
这弟兄二人来到的消息，以及他们在百姓中间所引起的关切，早已传到王的耳中，于是王勃然大怒，说：“摩西、亚伦你们为什么叫百姓旷工呢？你们去担你们的担子吧。”国家已经因这两个不速之客的干涉受了损失。王想到这里，就继续说：“看哪，这地的以色列人，如今众多，你们竟叫他们歇下担子。”[5]{PP 257.5}
§12
Tidings of them and of the interest they were exciting among the people had already reached the king. His anger was kindled. Wherefore do ye, Moses and Aaron, let [hinder] the people from their works? he said. Get you unto your burdens. Already the kingdom had suffered loss by the interference of these strangers. At thought of this he added, Behold, the people of the land now are many, and ye make them rest from their burdens.{PP 257.5}[5]
§13
以色列人在服苦役的时候，曾多少忘记了上帝的律法，并离弃了他的诫命。百姓普遍地疏忽遵守安息日，而且因督工的压制，从表面看来，使遵守圣日成了一件不可能的事。但是摩西向百姓指明，顺从上帝是他们蒙拯救的先决条件；他们为恢复遵守安息日所作的努力，已引起压迫他们之人的注意。[6]{PP 258.1}
§14
In their bondage the Israelites had to some extent lost the knowledge of Gods law, and they had departed from its precepts. The Sabbath had been generally disregarded, and the exactions of their taskmasters made its observance apparently impossible. But Moses had shown his people that obedience to God was the first condition of deliverance; and the efforts made to restore the observance of the Sabbath had come to the notice of their oppressors. [SEE APPENDIX, NOTE 1.]{PP 258.1}[6]
§15
法老王完全警觉起来了，他疑惑以色列人是在图谋背叛，不为他服役。他认为这种不满是由于闲懒的缘故；他决意不让他们有时间来进行危害国家的阴谋。于是他立时用残酷的手段加紧他们的束缚，粉碎他们争取独立的志气。法老当天就下命令，更残酷苛刻地加重他们的苦役。埃及国最普遍的建筑材料，乃是在太阳底下晒干的砖；一切华贵宅第的墙垣都是用砖砌成，而外表则砌一层石头；所以这造砖的工作要用许多奴仆。和泥作砖，既需搀用切碎的草，使之凝固；所以这样的工作少不了大量的草；如今王吩咐不再供给他们草。工人必须自己去找，而交砖的数额则仍和从前一样。[7]{PP 258.2}
§16
The king, thoroughly roused, suspected the Israelites of a design to revolt from his service. Disaffection was the result of idleness; he would see that no time was left them for dangerous scheming. And he at once adopted measures to tighten their bonds and crush out their independent spirit. The same day orders were issued that rendered their labor still more cruel and oppressive. The most common building material of that country was sun-dried brick; the walls of the finest edifices were made of this, and then faced with stone; and the manufacture of brick employed great numbers of the bondmen. Cut straw being intermixed with the clay, to hold it together, large quantities of straw were required for the work; the king now directed that no more straw be furnished; the laborers must find it for themselves, while the same amount of brick should be exacted.{PP 258.2}[7]
§17
这一道命令使全地的以色列人极感痛苦。埃及的督工已委派希伯来的官长管理百姓的工作，这些官长要负责令他们手下的工人按时完成工作。当王的命令付诸实行时，百姓就散在埃及遍地，捡碎秸当草，但这样他们就无法完成原来的产量了。因此希伯来的官长遭受了重重的责打。[8]{PP 258.3}
§18
This order produced great distress among the Israelites throughout the land. The Egyptian taskmasters had appointed Hebrew officers to oversee the work of the people, and these officers were responsible for the labor performed by those under their charge. When the requirement of the king was put in force, the people scattered themselves throughout the land, to gather stubble instead of straw; but they found it impossible to accomplish the usual amount of labor. For this failure the Hebrew officers were cruelly beaten.{PP 258.3}[8]
§19
这些官长以为他们所受的压迫，是由于督工而不是出于法老，所以他们到法老面前去诉苦。可是法老却以嘲笑回答他们的哀求：“你们是懒惰的，你们是懒惰的，所以说容我们去祭祀耶和华。”法老打发他们回去作工，同时下令在任何情况之下，也不可以减轻他们的负担。他们回来正遇见摩西亚伦，就向他们说：“愿耶和华鉴察你们，施行判断，因你们使我们在法老和他臣仆面前有了臭名，把刀递在他们手中杀我们。”[9]{PP 258.4}
§20
These officers supposed that their oppression came from their taskmasters, and not from the king himself; and they went to him with their grievances. Their remonstrance was met by Pharaoh with a taunt: Ye are idle, ye are idle: therefore ye say, Let us go and do sacrifice to the Lord. They were ordered back to their work, with the declaration that their burdens were in no case to be lightened. Returning, they met Moses and Aaron, and cried out to them, The Lord look upon you, and judge; because ye have made our savor to be abhorred in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their hand to slay us. {PP 258.4}[9]
§21
当摩西听见这些遭难之时，他觉得非常难过。百姓的苦难确是更甚了。遍地的男女老幼都发出绝望的悲鸣，大家一致指责他为他们灾难加重的祸根。于是他怀着万分的悲痛到上帝面前呼求说：“主啊，你为什么苦待这百姓呢？为什么打发我去呢？自从去见法老奉你的名说话，他就苦待这百姓，你一点也没有拯救他们。”上帝回答说：“现在你必看见我向法老所行的事，使他因我大能的手容以色列人去，且把他们赶出他的地。”同时上帝又向摩西指明他从前与他列祖所立的约，并向他保证这约必要实践。[10]{PP 259.1}
§22
As Moses listened to these reproaches he was greatly distressed. The sufferings of the people had been much increased. All over the land a cry of despair went up from old and young, and all united in charging upon him the disastrous change in their condition. In bitterness of soul he went before God, with the cry, Lord, wherefore hast Thou so evil entreated this people? why is it that Thou hast sent me? For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in Thy name, he hath done evil to this people; neither hast Thou delivered Thy people at all. The answer was, Now shalt thou see what I will do to Pharaoh: for with a strong hand shall he let them go, and with a strong hand shall he drive them out of his land. Again he was pointed back to the covenant which God had made with the fathers, and was assured that it would be fulfilled.{PP 259.1}[10]
§23
以色列人在埃及为奴的期间，他们中间还有一些人，一直是崇拜耶和华的。当他们看见儿女们天天目睹异教的可憎之事，甚至向假神跪拜时，他们心里就极其伤痛。他们在苦难之中呼求耶和华，拯救他们脱离埃及人的重轭，使他们可以不受拜偶像的腐化影响。他们并没有隐瞒自己的信仰，反而向埃及人声明自己敬拜的对象，乃是创造天地的主，唯一真正的永生上帝。他们讲述上帝的存在和他能力的种种证据，从创造的时候起直到雅各的日子为止。这样埃及人就有机会得以认识希伯来人的信仰；但是因不屑受他们奴隶的教导，就想以应许给与酬报来劝诱敬拜上帝的人，及至利诱无效，他们就继之以威吓和残酷的手段了。[11]{PP 259.2}
§24
During all the years of servitude in Egypt there had been among the Israelites some who adhered to the worship of Jehovah. These were sorely troubled as they saw their children daily witnessing the abominations of the heathen, and even bowing down to their false gods. In their distress they cried unto the Lord for deliverance from the Egyptian yoke, that they might be freed from the corrupting influence of idolatry. They did not conceal their faith, but declared to the Egyptians that the object of their worship was the Maker of heaven and earth, the only true and living God. They rehearsed the evidences of His existence and power, from creation down to the days of Jacob. The Egyptians thus had an opportunity to become acquainted with the religion of the Hebrews; but disdaining to be instructed by their slaves, they tried to seduce the worshipers of God by promises of reward, and, this failing, by threats and cruelty.{PP 259.2}[11]
§25
以色列的众长老重述上帝向他们列祖所发的应许，和约瑟临终时所说上帝必领他们出埃及的预言，想要借此维持弟兄们颓丧的信心。有一些人愿意谛听，也相信了；可是其他的人看到四围的情况，就断然拒绝了这希望。埃及人听见他们奴仆中间所发生的事，就讥诮他们的指望，并轻慢地否定他们上帝的权能。他们指着希伯来整个民族为奴的景况侮慢地说：“如果你们的上帝有公义、有怜悯，并具有超乎埃及神明的权能，那么，他为什么不使你们成为一个自由的民族呢？”他们又叫希伯来人注意埃及人的景况。他们敬拜以色列人所称为假神的神祗，然而他们却是一个富强的国家。他们声称，他们的神已使他们昌盛，并把以色列人赐给他们作为奴仆，他们就以自己有能力压迫并毁灭敬拜耶和华的人而夸耀。法老也夸口说，希伯来人的上帝不能救他们脱离他的手。[12]{PP 259.3}
§26
The elders of Israel endeavored to sustain the sinking faith of their brethren by repeating the promises made to their fathers, and the prophetic words of Joseph before his death, foretelling their deliverance from Egypt. Some would listen and believe. Others, looking at the circumstances that surrounded them, refused to hope. The Egyptians, being informed of what was reported among their bondmen, derided their expectations and scornfully denied the power of their God. They pointed to their situation as a nation of slaves, and tauntingly said, If your God is just and merciful, and possesses power above that of the Egyptian gods, why does He not make you a free people? They called attention to their own condition. They worshiped deities termed by the Israelites false gods, yet they were a rich and powerful nation. They declared that their gods had blessed them with prosperity, and had given them the Israelites as servants, and they gloried in their power to oppress and destroy the worshipers of Jehovah. Pharaoh himself boasted that the God of the Hebrews could not deliver them from his hand.{PP 259.3}[12]
§27
这类的话打消了许多以色列人的希望。他们对问题的看法，和埃及人的论调相同。他们的确是奴仆，必须忍受残酷的督工所加在他们身上的一切虐待。他们的儿女曾被搜查去，并遭杀害，他们为自己困难的生活天天愁烦。然而他们却是敬拜天上上帝的。如果耶和华真是超过一切的神，他就决不会让他们这样受拜偶像之人的奴役。但是，那些忠于上帝的人却明白耶和华之所以让他们成为奴仆，乃是因为以色列人离弃了他，因为他们喜好同外邦人通婚，被引诱去敬拜偶像；他们又很有把握地向弟兄们说明，上帝不久必要打破压迫者所加在他们身上的重轭。[13]{PP 260.1}
§28
Words like these destroyed the hopes of many of the Israelites. The case appeared to them very much as the Egyptians had represented. It was true that they were slaves, and must endure whatever their cruel taskmasters might choose to inflict. Their children had been hunted and slain, and their own lives were a burden. Yet they were worshiping the God of heaven. If Jehovah were indeed above all gods, surely He would not thus leave them in bondage to idolaters. But those who were true to God understood that it was because of Israels departure from Him--because of their disposition to marry with heathen nations, thus being led into idolatry--that the Lord had permitted them to become bondmen; and they confidently assured their brethren that He would soon break the yoke of the oppressor.{PP 260.1}[13]
§29
希伯来人曾希冀他们的信心不必受什么特别的考验，或是受什么困苦和艰难，而获得自由。可是，他们还没有到可以得拯救的地步呢。他们对上帝没有多少信心，也不愿耐心忍受苦难，等候上帝为他们行事。许多人宁可留在奴役之下，而不愿应付移居到一个陌生之地的困难；还有一些人的生活习惯已经很像埃及人，甚至他们宁愿长久住在埃及。因此耶和华没有在第一次向法老显示他权能的时候拯救他们。他掌管一切的事，要使埃及王暴虐的心性更充分地发挥出来，同时要向他的百姓显示自己；使他们在看出他的公义、他的权能和他的慈爱之后，甘愿离开埃及，并献身侍奉他。如果以色列民中没有这许多那么败坏不愿离开埃及的人，摩西的工作就可以减少许多困难了。[14]{PP 260.2}
§30
The Hebrews had expected to obtain their freedom without any special trial of their faith or any real suffering or hardship. But they were not yet prepared for deliverance. They had little faith in God, and were unwilling patiently to endure their afflictions until He should see fit to work for them. Many were content to remain in bondage rather than meet the difficulties attending removal to a strange land; and the habits of some had become so much like those of the Egyptians that they preferred to dwell in Egypt. Therefore the Lord did not deliver them by the first manifestation of His power before Pharaoh. He overruled events more fully to develop the tyrannical spirit of the Egyptian king and also to reveal Himself to His people. Beholding His justice, His power, and His love, they would choose to leave Egypt and give themselves to His service. The task of Moses would have been much less difficult had not many of the Israelites become so corrupted that they were unwilling to leave Egypt.{PP 260.2}[14]
§31
耶和华吩咐摩西再到百姓那里去，以上帝恩眷的新保证，重申拯救他们的应许。摩西遵着命令去了，但百姓不肯听从。经上说：“他们因苦工愁烦，不肯听他的话。”耶和华的话又临到摩西说：“你进去对埃及王法老说，要容以色列人出他的地。”摩西灰心丧胆地回答说：“以色列人尚且不听我的话，法老怎肯听我……呢？”他蒙指示带着亚伦一同到法老面前，再要求他“容以色列人出他的地。”[15]{PP 260.3}
§32
The Lord directed Moses to go again to the people and repeat the promise of deliverance, with a fresh assurance of divine favor. He went as he was commanded; but they would not listen. Says the Scripture, They hearkened not . . . for anguish of spirit, and for cruel bondage. Again the divine message came to Moses, Go in, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land. In discouragement he replied, Behold, the children of Israel have not hearkened unto me; how then shall Pharaoh hear me? He was told to take Aaron with him and go before Pharaoh, and again demand that he send the children of Israel out of his land.{PP 260.3}[15]
§33
他又蒙指示，法老必不肯允许，直到上帝降刑罚与埃及，并显示他的权能把以色列人领出来。在没有降下每一样灾难之前，摩西要先说明那一个灾难的性质和结果，所以王若愿意的话，他尽可以救自己脱离那灾难。每一次的刑罚降下之后，他若仍然拒绝，就必再受一个更厉害的灾难，直到他骄傲的心降卑，愿意承认创造天地的主为真实的活上帝。耶和华要给埃及人一个机会，使之可以看出他们伟人的智慧和假神的能力，一与耶和华的命令相抵触，就显得是多么空虚，多么薄弱。他将要因埃及人拜偶像的罪而刑罚他们，使他们不能再夸口说，他们的福分是由那些没有知觉的偶像而来的。上帝必要荣耀他自己的圣名，使列国听见他的权能，并因他大能的作为而战兢恐惧，同时也使他自己的百姓得以转离拜偶像的恶习，而存纯洁的心敬拜他。[16]{PP 263.1}
§34
He was informed that the monarch would not yield until God should visit judgments upon Egypt and bring out Israel by the signal manifestation of His power. Before the infliction of each plague, Moses was to describe its nature and effects, that the king might save himself from it if he chose. Every punishment rejected would be followed by one more severe, until his proud heart would be humbled, and he would acknowledge the Maker of heaven and earth as the true and living God. The Lord would give the Egyptians an opportunity to see how vain was the wisdom of their mighty men, how feeble the power of their gods, when opposed to the commands of Jehovah. He would punish the people of Egypt for their idolatry and silence their boasting of the blessings received from their senseless deities. God would glorify His own name, that other nations might hear of His power and tremble at His mighty acts, and that His people might be led to turn from their idolatry and render Him pure worship.{PP 263.1}[16]
§35
摩西和亚伦又进埃及法老的王宫去了。王宫里的建筑雄伟壮观，装饰光耀夺目，富丽的绘画和雕刻的神像，到处皆是；这被迫为奴之民的两个代表，站在当时最强盛之国的君王面前，重申上帝要他释放以色列人的命令。法老王要他们行一件神迹来证明他们的使命是出于上帝的。摩西和亚伦曾蒙指示，在遇到这样的要求时应当怎样行，所以，这时亚伦就把杖丢在法老面前。杖就变成一条蛇。于是王召了他的“博士和术士”来，“他们各人丢下自己的杖，杖就变作蛇；但亚伦的杖吞了他们的杖。”王却比以前更加坚决，声称他的术士与摩西亚伦有同样的能力；他又当众斥责耶和华的仆人为欺骗人的，并觉得拒绝他们的要求是没有危险的。他虽然藐视他们的信息，但上帝的能力制止了他，使他不敢伤害他们。[17]{PP 263.2}
§36
Again Moses and Aaron entered the lordly halls of the king of Egypt. There, surrounded by lofty columns and glittering adornments, by the rich paintings and sculptured images of heathen gods, before the monarch of the most powerful kingdom then in existence, stood the two representatives of the enslaved race, to repeat the command from God for Israels release. The king demanded a miracle, in evidence of their divine commission. Moses and Aaron had been directed how to act in case such a demand should be made, and Aaron now took the rod and cast it down before Pharaoh. It became a serpent. The monarch sent for his wise men and the sorcerers, who cast down every man his rod and they became serpents: but Aarons rod swallowed up their rods. Then the king, more determined than before, declared his magicians equal in power with Moses and Aaron; he denounced the servants of the Lord as impostors, and felt himself secure in resisting their demands. Yet while he despised their message, he was restrained by divine power from doing them harm. {PP 263.2}[17]
§37
摩西亚伦在法老面前所行的神迹，乃是出于上帝的作为，而不是由于他们所谓属人的能力或权柄。那些神迹奇事是要使法老确信那位“自有永有的”大君，已差派了摩西，而王的本分乃是让以色列人去，使他们可以侍奉永生的上帝。埃及的术士也行了神迹奇事；因为他们不单靠自己的技能，而也是靠他们的神撒但的能力，他帮助他们假冒耶和华的作为。[18]{PP 264.1}
§38
It was the hand of God, and no human influence or power possessed by Moses and Aaron, that wrought the miracles which they showed before Pharaoh. Those signs and wonders were designed to convince Pharaoh that the great I AM had sent Moses, and that it was the duty of the king to let Israel go, that they might serve the living God. The magicians also showed signs and wonders; for they wrought not by their own skill alone, but by the power of their god, Satan, who assisted them in counterfeiting the work of Jehovah.{PP 264.1}[18]
§39
实际上，术士并没有使他们的杖变作蛇；只是借着邪术，以及借着那大欺骗者的帮助，变出蛇的样子来。撒但并没有能力把他们的杖变成活蛇。邪恶之君虽然具有一个堕落天使的一切智慧和能力，可是，他没有创造或赐生命的权柄，因为唯有上帝有这特权。但是凡撒但能力之所及，他都施行出来了；他造了一个赝品。在人的眼光看来，这些杖已变作蛇。法老和他的朝臣都这样相信。他们所变的蛇与摩西所变的蛇，在外表上并没有什么显著的分别。虽然上帝叫真蛇吞了假蛇，但法老还不承认它是出于上帝的权能，只以为是出于一种高过他术士的邪术而已。[19]{PP 264.2}
§40
The magicians did not really cause their rods to become serpents; but by magic, aided by the great deceiver, they were able to produce this appearance. It was beyond the power of Satan to change the rods to living serpents. The prince of evil, though possessing all the wisdom and might of an angel fallen, has not power to create, or to give life; this is the prerogative of God alone. But all that was in Satans power to do, he did; he produced a counterfeit. To human sight the rods were changed to serpents. Such they were believed to be by Pharaoh and his court. There was nothing in their appearance to distinguish them from the serpent produced by Moses. Though the Lord caused the real serpent to swallow up the spurious ones, yet even this was regarded by Pharaoh, not as a work of Gods power, but as the result of a kind of magic superior to that of his servants.{PP 264.2}[19]
§41
法老想证明自己抗拒上帝的命令为有理，因此就找一些借口，来抹杀上帝借着摩西所行的神迹。撒但所给他的，正合他的愿望。撒但借着术士所作的事，使埃及人看摩西亚伦也不过是术士，或魔术家一流的人物，而且看他们所带来的信息，不是出于一位更高的神明。如此，撒但就达到了他制造赝品的目的，使埃及人大胆背叛，使法老硬着心肠违背良心作事。撒但也想借此动摇摩西亚伦的信心，使他们怀疑自己的使命，或许不是由上帝而来，撒但的工具们就可以得胜了。他不愿意以色列人从奴役中得到释放，去侍奉永生的上帝。[20]{PP 264.3}
§42
Pharaoh desired to justify his stubbornness in resisting the divine command, and hence he was seeking some pretext for disregarding the miracles that God had wrought through Moses. Satan gave him just what he wanted. By the work that he wrought through the magicians he made it appear to the Egyptians that Moses and Aaron were only magicians and sorcerers, and that the message they brought could not claim respect as coming from a superior being. Thus Satans counterfeit accomplished its purpose of emboldening the Egyptians in their rebellion and causing Pharaoh to harden his heart against conviction. Satan hoped also to shake the faith of Moses and Aaron in the divine origin of their mission, that his instruments might prevail. He was unwilling that the children of Israel should be released from bondage to serve the living God.{PP 264.3}[20]
§43
邪恶之君借着术士所显出的奇事，还有一个更深的用意。他深知道摩西打断以色列人为奴之轭，是预表基督打破罪恶在人类身上的权势。他知道当基督显现的时候，他也要施行大能的奇事，向世人证明自己是上帝所差来的；撒但必为失去自己的权势而战兢。这时他不但想假冒上帝借着摩西所施行的作为，来阻止以色列人得拯救，而且要发出一种影响，好破坏后来世代的人对基督施行神迹的信心。撒但经常地想要假冒基督的工作，来巩固自己的势力和权柄。他引诱世人，使他们看基督的神迹，是出于人的技巧和能力的结果。如此他就破坏许多人的信心，叫他们不信基督为上帝的儿子，并引诱他们拒绝那借着救赎计划所赐给世人的恩典。[21]{PP 264.4}
§44
But the prince of evil had a still deeper object in manifesting his wonders through the magicians. He well knew that Moses, in breaking the yoke of bondage from off the children of Israel, pre-figured Christ, who was to break the reign of sin over the human family. He knew that when Christ should appear, mighty miracles would be wrought as an evidence to the world that God had sent Him. Satan trembled for his power. By counterfeiting the work of God through Moses, he hoped not only to prevent the deliverance of Israel, but to exert an influence through future ages to destroy faith in the miracles of Christ. Satan is constantly seeking to counterfeit the work of Christ and to establish his own power and claims. He leads men to account for the miracles of Christ by making them appear to be the result of human skill and power. In many minds he thus destroys faith in Christ as the Son of God, and leads them to reject the gracious offers of mercy through the plan of redemption.{PP 264.4}[21]
§45
摩西和亚伦又蒙指示，第二天早晨到法老所经常去的河边。尼罗河是埃及全地粮食和财富的来源，所以埃及人把这一道河流当作神来敬拜，法老每天都要到那里去参拜的。弟兄二人就在这里向法老重述了他们的信息，随即举杖击打河里的水。这被人视为神圣的河水都变成血了；鱼都死了，河也腥臭了。家里的食水，以及储在池塘里的水，也都变成了血。“埃及行法术的，也用邪术照样而行，”“法老转身进宫，也不把这事放在心上。”这灾继续七天之久，但没有什么效果。[22]{PP 265.1}
§46
Moses and Aaron were directed to visit the riverside next morning, where the king was accustomed to repair. The overflowing of the Nile being the source of food and wealth for all Egypt, the river was worshiped as a god, and the monarch came thither daily to pay his devotions. Here the two brothers again repeated the message to him, and then they stretched out the rod and smote upon the water. The sacred stream ran blood, the fish died, and the river became offensive to the smell. The water in the houses, the supply preserved in cisterns, was likewise changed to blood. But the magicians of Egypt did so with their enchantments, and Pharaoh turned and went into his house, neither did he set his heart to this also. For seven days the plague continued, but without effect.{PP 265.1}[22]
§47
亚伦又伸杖在埃及的诸水之上，就有青蛙从河里上来，遮满了埃及地。青蛙进了人的房屋，占了人的卧室，甚至于到了炉灶和抟面盆里。埃及人原来以青蛙为圣物，所以不肯加以杀害；但如今这些黏滑的活物竟成了最讨厌的东西。青蛙爬到法老的宫殿里，法老无法忍耐了，他切望把它们除去。行邪术的好像是能造出青蛙来，但他们不能除灭这些青蛙。法老看见这事，多少有几分谦卑了。他召了摩西亚伦来，说：“请你们求耶和华使这青蛙离开我和我的民，我就容百姓去祭祀耶和华。”他们在提醒王过去的傲慢态度之后，就要他规定一个时候让他们可以祈求上帝免去这灾。他规定了第二天，却暗地里希望在这期间青蛙能自行绝迹，这样就可以避免向以色列的上帝低头了。但是，蛙灾仍然继续到所指定的时候，以后埃及全地的青蛙都死了，腐烂的死蛙，臭味薰天。[23]{PP 265.2}
§48
Again the rod was stretched out over the waters, and frogs came up from the river and spread over the land. They overran the houses, took possession of the bed chambers, and even the ovens and kneading troughs. The frog was regarded as sacred by the Egyptians, and they would not destroy it; but the slimy pests had now become intolerable. They swarmed even in the palace of the Pharaohs, and the king was impatient to have them removed. The magicians had appeared to produce frogs, but they could not remove them. Upon seeing this, Pharaoh was somewhat humbled. He sent for Moses and Aaron, and said, Entreat the Lord, that He may take away the frogs from me, and from my people; and I will let the people go, that they may do sacrifice unto the Lord. After reminding the king of his former boasting, they requested him to appoint a time when they should pray for the removal of the plague. He set the next day, secretly hoping that in the interval the frogs might disappear of themselves, and thus save him from the bitter humiliation of submitting to the God of Israel. The plague, however, continued till the time specified, when throughout all Egypt the frogs died, but their putrid bodies, which remained, polluted the atmosphere.{PP 265.2}[23]
§49
耶和华原可在一刻之间使青蛙归回尘土；可是他没有这样行，唯恐移除了青蛙之后，王和百姓会说这是邪术或魔术的结果，好像他们的术士所作的一样。青蛙死了，聚拢成堆。如此，法老和全埃及就有了凭据，知道这种作为不是邪术所能行的，乃是天上的上帝所降的刑罚，他们虚空的哲学就再没有反驳上帝权能的余地了。[24]{PP 266.1}
§50
The Lord could have caused them to return to dust in a moment; but He did not do this lest after their removal the king and his people should pronounce it the result of sorcery or enchantment, like the work of the magicians. The frogs died, and were then gathered together in heaps. Here the king and all Egypt had evidence which their vain philosophy could not gainsay, that this work was not accomplished by magic, but was a judgment from the God of heaven.{PP 266.1}[24]
§51
“但法老见灾祸松缓，就硬着心不肯听他们。”于是，亚伦照着上帝的命令伸出他的手来，使埃及遍地上的尘土都变成虱子。法老叫术士们照样而行，却是不能。这就显明上帝的作为高过撒但。术士自己承认说：“这是上帝的手段。”但王仍然不为所动。[25]{PP 266.2}
§52
When Pharaoh saw that there was respite, he hardened his heart. At the command of God, Aaron stretched out his hand, and the dust of the earth became lice throughout all the land of Egypt. Pharaoh called upon the magicians to do the same, but they could not. The work of God was thus shown to be superior to that of Satan. The magicians themselves acknowledged, This is the finger of God. But the king was still unmoved.{PP 266.2}[25]
§53
恳求和警告既然无效，就要使之受另一种刑罚的痛苦了。降灾的时间也预先指定，使人不能说这是偶然而来的。苍蝇成了大群，遍满房屋和地上，“埃及遍地，就因这成群的苍蝇败坏了。”这些苍蝇又大又毒；人畜被咬，疼痛非常。这灾也照着所预告的，并没有延及歌珊地。[26]{PP 266.3}
§54
Appeal and warning were ineffectual, and another judgment was inflicted. The time of its occurrence was foretold, that it might not be said to have come by chance. Flies filled the houses and swarmed upon the ground, so that the land was corrupted by reason of the swarms of flies. These flies were large and venomous, and their bite was extremely painful to man and beast. As had been foretold, this visitation did not extend to the land of Goshen.{PP 266.3}[26]
§55
这时法老准许以色列人在埃及地祭祀上帝了；但是他们拒绝接受这样的条件。摩西说：“这样行本不相宜，”“我们……若把埃及人所厌恶的在他们眼前献为祭，他们岂不拿石头打死我们吗？”希伯来人所用来献祭的牲畜，乃是埃及人所视为神圣的；他们对这些动物极其尊敬，若是杀害一只，即或是误杀，也要偿命的。所以希伯来人若在埃及敬拜上帝，就不能不触犯他们的主人。因此摩西再建议走三天的路程到旷野去侍奉上帝。法老同意了。并请上帝的仆人代求，使这灾难离开他。他们答应了法老，但警告法老不可再行诡诈。可是，灾难停止之后，法老的心因顽抗而刚硬，依然不肯顺服。[27]{PP 266.4}
§56
Pharaoh now offered the Israelites permission to sacrifice in Egypt, but they refused to accept such conditions. It is not meet, said Moses; lo, shall we sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians before their eyes, and will they not stone us? The animals which the Hebrews would be required to sacrifice were among those regarded as sacred by the Egyptians; and such was the reverence in which these creatures were held, that to slay one, even accidentally, was a crime punishable with death. It would be impossible for the Hebrews to worship in Egypt without giving offense to their masters. Moses again proposed to go three days journey into the wilderness. The monarch consented, and begged the servants of God to entreat that the plague might be removed. They promised to do this, but warned him against dealing deceitfully with them. The plague was stayed, but the kings heart had become hardened by persistent rebellion, and he still refused to yield.{PP 266.4}[27]
§57
一个更可怕的灾难接着来了，瘟疫降在埃及一切田间的牲畜身上，不论是视为神圣的动物，或是荷重的牲畜——牛、羊、马、驴和骆驼——都死了。摩西曾清楚地说明希伯来人的牲畜得免这灾；法老派人到以色列人家里去，要看摩西所说的话是否可靠。“谁知以色列人的牲畜一个都没有死。”王却仍旧顽固不化。[28]{PP 267.1}
§58
A more terrible stroke followed--murrain upon all the Egyptian cattle that were in the field. Both the sacred animals and the beasts of burden--kine and oxen and sheep, horses and camels and asses--were destroyed. It had been distinctly stated that the Hebrews were to be exempt; and Pharaoh, on sending messengers to the home of the Israelites, proved the truth of this declaration of Moses. Of the cattle of the children of Israel died not one. Still the king was obstinate.{PP 267.1}[28]
§59
此后，上帝指示摩西取几捧炉灰，“在法老面前向天扬起来。”这举动是含有深长意义的。四百年前，上帝曾以冒烟的炉和烧着的火把为象征，向亚伯拉罕说明他子孙将来所要受的压迫。他也曾声称，他必要惩罚那些压迫他们的人，并领这些被奴役的人带着许多财物从那里出来。以色列人久已在埃及苦难的炉中受尽折磨。摩西的这一个举动，乃是向他们证明上帝纪念他的圣约，他们蒙拯救的时候已经到了。[29]{PP 267.2}
§60
Moses was next directed to take ashes of the furnace, and sprinkle it toward heaven in the sight of Pharaoh. This act was deeply significant. Four hundred years before, God had shown to Abraham the future oppression of His people, under the figure of a smoking furnace and a burning lamp. He had declared that He would visit judgments upon their oppressors, and would bring forth the captives with great substance. In Egypt, Israel had long languished in the furnace of affliction. This act of Moses was an assurance to them that God was mindful of His covenant, and that the time for their deliverance had come.{PP 267.2}[29]
§61
当炉灰向天扬起来的时候，这些细灰就飞散在埃及全地，无论落在哪里，就“在人身上和牲畜身上，成了起泡的疮。”先前，祭司和术士曾鼓励法老抗拒上帝的命令，如今这一个灾难竟临到他们身上了。他们既为这可憎而疼痛的疾病所打击，他们所矜夸的能力就成了他们的羞耻，他们再也不能敌对以色列的上帝了。当这些术士连自己的身体也不能保护时，埃及通国的人就可以看出信靠术士的愚妄了。[30]{PP 267.3}
§62
As the ashes were sprinkled toward heaven, the fine particles spread over all the land of Egypt, and wherever they settled, produced boils breaking forth with blains upon man, and upon beast. The priests and magicians had hitherto encouraged Pharaoh in his stubbornness, but now a judgment had come that reached even them. Smitten with a loathsome and painful disease, their vaunted power only making them contemptible, they were no longer able to contend against the God of Israel. The whole nation was made to see the folly of trusting in the magicians, when they were not able to protect even their own persons.{PP 267.3}[30]
§63
法老的心却更加刚硬起来。这时耶和华又给他一个信息，说：“这一次我要叫一切的灾殃临到你和你臣仆，并你百姓的身上，叫你知道在普天下没有像我的。……其实我叫你存立，是特要向你显我的大能。”上帝并不是为了这个目的而叫他存在；乃是要按着他的旨意掌管万事，即正在指定以色列蒙拯救的时候，把他放在王位上。虽然这个傲慢的暴君已因他的罪恶而丧失了上帝的恩典，但仍保存着他的性命，以便因他的刚愎，上帝可以在埃及全地显明他的神迹奇事。一切事情的安排都是出于上帝的旨意。上帝尽可以在埃及的宝座上，立一个更有慈心的君王，他就不敢违抗上帝权能的显示，若是如此，耶和华的旨意就不能成全了。上帝要他的子民经受埃及人残酷的折磨，使他们对拜偶像的败坏影响，有清楚的认识。耶和华在对待法老的事上，显明他对拜偶像之罪的憎恨，以及惩罚残虐压迫行为的决心。[31]{PP 267.4}
§64
Still the heart of Pharaoh grew harder. And now the Lord sent a message to him, declaring, I will at this time send all My plagues upon thy heart, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people; that thou mayest know that there is none like Me in all the earth. . . . And in very deed for this cause have I raised thee up, for to show in thee My power. Not that God had given him an existence for this purpose, but His providence had overruled events to place him upon the throne at the very time appointed for Israels deliverance. Though this haughty tyrant had by his crimes forfeited the mercy of God, yet his life had been preserved that through his stubbornness the Lord might manifest His wonders in the land of Egypt. The disposing of events is of Gods providence. He could have placed upon the throne a more merciful king, who would not have dared to withstand the mighty manifestations of divine power. But in that case the Lords purposes would not have been accomplished. His people were permitted to experience the grinding cruelty of the Egyptians, that they might not be deceived concerning the debasing influence of idolatry. In His dealing with Pharaoh, the Lord manifested His hatred of idolatry and His determination to punish cruelty and oppression.{PP 267.4}[31]
§65
关于法老，上帝曾这样说：“我要使他的心刚硬，他必不容百姓去。”（出4:21）上帝并没有使用超自然的能力使法老的心刚硬。他曾给法老最动人的凭据显明他的能力；但是王顽梗地不肯留意所赐给他的真光。他一次一次地拒绝了无穷能力的显示，就使他的背叛之心更加坚决。他在拒绝第一次神迹时所撒背叛的种子，已经有了收获了。当他在自己的道路上继续冒险前进，一次又一次地顽梗不化时，他的心就越来越刚硬，直至使他看到头生子死后冰冷的面孔。[32]{PP 268.1}
§66
God had declared concerning Pharaoh, I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go. Exodus 4:21. There was no exercise of supernatural power to harden the heart of the king. God gave to Pharaoh the most striking evidence of divine power, but the monarch stubbornly refused to heed the light. Every display of infinite power rejected by him, rendered him the more determined in his rebellion. The seeds of rebellion that he sowed when he rejected the first miracle, produced their harvest. As he continued to venture on in his own course, going from one degree of stubbornness to another, his heart became more and more hardened, until he was called to look upon the cold, dead faces of the first-born.{PP 268.1}[32]
§67
上帝借着他的仆人向世人说话，赐给他们训诫和警告，并谴责他们的罪恶。他赐给各人改正错误的机会，以免这些错误在品格上达到顽固不化的地步；但人若不肯受管教，上帝的能力是不会直接干涉，来阻止他行动之倾向的。于是这人就更容易重蹈覆辙。他是在硬着心肠抵制圣灵的感动。他越拒绝真光，就必使他的心地越发刚硬，以至更大的影响力也不足以感动他了。[33]{PP 268.2}
§68
God speaks to men through His servants, giving cautions and warnings, and rebuking sin. He gives to each an opportunity to correct his errors before they become fixed in the character; but if one refuses to be corrected, divine power does not interpose to counteract the tendency of his own action. He finds it more easy to repeat the same course. He is hardening the heart against the influence of the Holy Spirit. A further rejection of light places him where a far stronger influence will be ineffectual to make an abiding impression.{PP 268.2}[33]
§69
人若一次为试探所胜，第二次就更容易屈服了。人一再地犯罪，就必减低自己抵抗罪恶的力量，并使自己成为盲目冥顽的人。每一次的纵欲就如一粒种子，必要结出它的果实来。上帝也不会行什么神迹来制止这种后果的。“人种的是什么，收的也是什么。”（加6:7）人若对上帝的真理表示顽梗的不信和愚鲁的漠视，这无非是他自己所撒的种子的结果。许多人听了那些曾经一度感动他们的真理而无动于衷，原因就在此。他们所撒疏忽和抗拒真理的种子，就必收获这样的结果。[34]{PP 268.3}
§70
He who has once yielded to temptation will yield more readily the second time. Every repetition of the sin lessens his power of resistance, blinds his eyes, and stifles conviction. Every seed of indulgence sown will bear fruit. God works no miracle to prevent the harvest. Whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap. Galatians 6:7. He who manifests an infidel hardihood, a stolid indifference to divine truth, is but reaping the harvest of that which he has himself sown. It is thus that multitudes come to listen with stoical indifference to the truths that once stirred their very souls. They sowed neglect and resistance to the truth, and such is the harvest which they reap.{PP 268.3}[34]
§71
有些人想镇静自己有罪的良心，说他们能随时掉转脚步，不再行恶，并暂时轻忽慈悲的邀请，而将来再受感动。他们这样作是极危险的。他们以为自己把一切力量都服在大叛逆者的权下之后，在临到危险绝境，四面楚歌的时候，还能悬崖勒马，任意改换阵地。但事实并不是那么容易。经验、教育和放纵罪恶的生活，所有潜移默化的影响已经完全形成了他们的性格，他们就不能临时再接纳耶稣的形象。如果以前真光没有照在他们所行的路上，情形就不同了。因为上帝的恩慈还能居间给他们一个机会，来接受他的邀请，但在人们长久拒绝并轻视真光之后，则恩典终有收回的一天。[35]{PP 269.1}
§72
Those who are quieting a guilty conscience with the thought that they can change a course of evil when they choose, that they can trifle with the invitations of mercy, and yet be again and again impressed, take this course at their peril. They think that after casting all their influence on the side of the great rebel, in a moment of utmost extremity, when danger compasses them about, they will change leaders. But this is not so easily done. The experience, the education, the discipline of a life of sinful indulgence, has so thoroughly molded the character that they cannot then receive the image of Jesus. Had no light shone upon their pathway, the case would have been different. Mercy might interpose, and give them an opportunity to accept her overtures; but after light has been long rejected and despised, it will be finally withdrawn.{PP 269.1}[35]
§73
随后上帝要降雹灾威吓法老，并警告他说：“现在你要打发人把你的牲畜，和你田间一切所有的催进来，凡在田间不收回家的，无论是人，是牲畜，冰雹必降在他们身上，他们就必死。”原来埃及不常下雨或降雹，而所预告的这样大雹是他们从来没有见过的。这个消息很快地传开了，那些相信上帝之话的就把他们的牲畜赶回来，但那些轻视这警告的就把牲畜留在野外。这样，在降灾的刑罚之中，上帝的慈悲显明出来了，人人都受到考验，显出有多少人是因上帝所彰显的权能而敬畏他了。[36]{PP 269.2}
§74
A plague of hail was next threatened upon Pharaoh, with the warning, Send therefore now, and gather thy cattle, and all that thou hast in the field; for upon every man and beast which shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die. Rain or hail was unusual in Egypt, and such a storm as was foretold had never been witnessed. The report spread rapidly, and all who believed the word of the Lord gathered in their cattle, while those who despised the warning left them in the field. Thus in the midst of judgment the mercy of God was displayed, the people were tested, and it was shown how many had been led to fear God by the manifestation of His power.{PP 269.2}[36]
§75
暴风雨果然照预先所说的来了——在雷声隆隆中，雹与火搀杂普遍落下，“甚是厉害，自从埃及建国以来，遍地没有这样的。在埃及遍地，雹击打了田间所有的人和牲畜，并一切的菜蔬，又打坏田间一切的树木。”凡毁灭的天使所经过的地方，都变成一片荒凉了。唯有歌珊地得免于难。这就向埃及人说明，全地是在永生上帝的掌管之下；自然界都听从他的命令，而且唯有顺服上帝才是安全的。[37]{PP 269.3}
§76
The storm came as predicted--thunder and hail, and fire mingled with it, very grievous, such as there was none like it in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation. And the hail smote throughout all the land of Egypt all that was in the field, both man and beast; and the hail smote every herb of the field, and brake every tree of the field. Ruin and desolation marked the path of the destroying angel. The land of Goshen alone was spared. It was demonstrated to the Egyptians that the earth is under the control of the living God, that the elements obey His voice, and that the only safety is in obedience to Him. {PP 269.3}[37]
§77
全埃及的人在上帝可怕刑罚之下战栗不已。法老赶紧打发人召摩西亚伦来对他们说：“这一次我犯了罪了，耶和华是公义的，我和我的百姓是邪恶的。这雷轰和冰雹已经够了，请你们求耶和华，我就容你们去，不再留住你们。”摩西回答说：“我一出城，就要向耶和华举手祷告，雷必止住，也不再有冰雹，叫你知道全地都是属耶和华的。至于你和你的臣仆，我知道你们还是不惧怕耶和华上帝。”[38]{PP 270.1}
§78
All Egypt trembled before the awful outpouring of divine judgment. Pharaoh hastily sent for the two brothers, and cried out, I have sinned this time: the Lord is righteous, and I and my people are wicked. Entreat the Lord (for it is enough) that there be no more mighty thunderings and hail; and I will let you go, and ye shall stay no longer. The answer was, As soon as I am gone out of the city, I will spread abroad my hands unto the Lord; and the thunder shall cease, neither shall there be any more hail; that thou mayest know how that the earth is the Lords. But as for thee and thy servants, I know that ye will not yet fear the Lord God.{PP 270.1}[38]
§79
摩西知道相争还没有结束，法老的认罪和应许，并不是出于心灵根本上的改变，而是出于恐惧和痛苦的压力。虽然如此，摩西仍答应了他的要求；因为不愿给他一个顽梗的借口。于是先知就从法老面前出来，一点也不顾狂暴的雨打风吹，法老和他的臣民眼见耶和华的权能保护了他的使者。摩西出了城，“向耶和华举手祷告，雷和雹就止住，雨也不再浇在地上了。”但是法老的惧怕一消除，他的心就又刚硬起来了。[39]{PP 270.2}
§80
Moses knew that the contest was not ended. Pharaohs confessions and promises were not the effect of any radical change in his mind or heart, but were wrung from him by terror and anguish. Moses promised, however, to grant his request; for he would give him no occasion for further stubbornness. The prophet went forth, unheeding the fury of the tempest, and Pharaoh and all his host were witnesses to the power of Jehovah to preserve His messenger. Having passed without the city, Moses spread abroad his hands unto the Lord: and the thunders and hail ceased, and the rain was not poured upon the earth. But no sooner had the king recovered from his fears than his heart returned to its perversity.{PP 270.2}[39]
§81
于是耶和华又对摩西说：“你进去见法老，我使他和他臣仆的心刚硬，为要在他们中间显我这些神迹；并要叫你将我向埃及人所作的事，和在他们中间所行的神迹，传于你儿子和你孙子的耳中，好叫你们知道我是耶和华。”耶和华正在显出他的权能，要坚固以色列人的信心，使他们相信他是唯一真正的永生上帝。他要赐下明显的凭据，把他们和埃及人分别出来，使万国知道他们所轻视所压迫的希伯来人，乃是受天上上帝保护的。[40]{PP 270.3}
§82
Then the Lord said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might show these My signs before him; and that thou mayest tell in the ears of thy son, and of thy sons son, what things I have wrought in Egypt, and My signs which I have done among them; that ye may know how that I am Jehovah. The Lord was manifesting His power, to confirm the faith of Israel in Him as the only true and living God. He would give unmistakable evidence of the difference He placed between them and the Egyptians, and would cause all nations to know that the Hebrews, whom they had despised and oppressed, were under the protection of the God of heaven.{PP 270.3}[40]
§83
摩西警告法老，如果他仍旧刚愎不逊，耶和华必要降下蝗灾，蝗虫必要遮满地面，吃尽所剩下的一切植物；而且要充满一切的房屋，连王宫也不得例外；他说：“自从你祖宗和你祖宗的祖宗在世以来，直到今日，没有见过这样的灾。”[41]{PP 270.4}
§84
Moses warned the monarch that if he still remained obstinate, a plague of locusts would be sent, which would cover the face of the earth and eat up every green thing that remained; they would fill the houses, even the palace itself; such a scourge, he said, as neither thy fathers, nor thy fathers fathers have seen, since the day that they were upon the earth unto this day. {PP 270.4}[41]
§85
法老的臣仆惊惶失措了。国家因畜疫遭受了很大的损失。许多百姓已被雹打死，林木被击毁，庄稼也被打坏。他们从希伯来人作苦工获得的利益几乎尽都丧失了。全地已受到饥荒的威胁。于是埃及的公候和朝臣们来围着法老，怒气冲冲地问他说：“这人为我们的网罗，要到几时呢？容这些人去，侍奉耶和华他们的上帝吧；埃及已经败坏了，你还不知道吗？”[42]{PP 271.1}
§86
The counselors of Pharaoh stood aghast. The nation had sustained great loss in the death of their cattle. Many of the people had been killed by the hail. The forests were broken down and the crops destroyed. They were fast losing all that had been gained by the labor of the Hebrews. The whole land was threatened with starvation. Princes and courtiers pressed about the king and angrily demanded, How long shall this man be a snare unto us? let the men go, that they may serve the Lord their God: knowest thou not yet that Egypt is destroyed?{PP 271.1}[42]
§87
于是法老把摩西亚伦再召了来，对他们说：“你们去侍奉耶和华你们的上帝，但那要去的是谁呢？”[43]{PP 271.2}
§88
Moses and Aaron were again summoned, and the monarch said to them, Go, serve the Lord your God: but who are they that shall go?{PP 271.2}[43]
§89
回答乃是“我们要和我们老的少的，儿子女儿同去，且把羊群牛群一同带去，因为我们务要向耶和华守节。”[44]{PP 271.3}
§90
The answer was, We will go with our young and with our old, with our sons and with our daughters, with our flocks and with our herds will we go; for we must hold a feast unto the Lord.{PP 271.3}[44]
§91
法老大大震怒，说：“我容你们和你们妇人孩子去的时候，耶和华与你们同在吧；你们要谨慎，因为有祸在你们眼前，不可都去，你们这壮年人去侍奉耶和华吧，因为这是你们所求的；于是他把他们从法老面前撵出去。”法老从前曾企图用苦工除灭以色列人，如今却虚伪地装作关心他们的福利，温慈地顾念他们的孩子。其实他的目的是要留下妇孺为人质，保证男丁一定会回来。[45]{PP 271.4}
§92
The king was filled with rage. Let the Lord be so with you, he cried, as I will let you go, and your little ones: look to it; for evil is before you. Not so: go now ye that are men, and serve the Lord; for that ye did desire. And they were driven out from Pharaohs presence. Pharaoh had endeavored to destroy the Israelites by hard labor, but he now pretended to have a deep interest in their welfare and a tender care for their little ones. His real object was to keep the women and children as surety for the return of the men.{PP 271.4}[45]
§93
这时摩西向埃及地伸杖，就有东风把蝗虫刮了来。“蝗虫上来，……甚是厉害，以前没有这样的，以后也必没有。”他们遮天蔽日，甚至全地都黑暗了。他们吃尽了所剩下一切发青的东西。法老急忙召了摩西亚伦来，说：“我得罪耶和华你们的上帝，又得罪了你们。现在求你，只这一次，饶恕我的罪，求耶和华你们的上帝，使我脱离这一次的死亡。”他们就这样行，耶和华转了极大的西风，把蝗虫都吹入红海里。但法老仍然坚持着他顽梗的决心。[46]{PP 271.5}
§94
Moses now stretched forth his rod over the land, and an east wind blew, and brought locusts. Very grievous were they; before them there were no such locusts as they, neither after them shall be such. They filled the sky till the land was darkened, and devoured every green thing remaining. Pharaoh sent for the prophets in haste, and said, I have sinned against the Lord your God, and against you. Now therefore, forgive, I pray thee, my sin only this once, and entreat the Lord your God, that He may take away from me this death only. They did so, and a strong west wind carried away the locusts toward the Red Sea. Still the king persisted in his stubborn resolution.{PP 271.5}[46]
§95
埃及人濒于绝境了。过去所降在他们身上的灾害，似乎已经不是他们所能忍受的了，所以他们一想到将来，就不由得胆战心惊起来。埃及人原来尊法老为他们神明的代表；如今他们却看出他是在反抗一位能任意支配自然界，来施行自己旨意的主。而为奴的希伯来人，既如此蒙了上帝神奇的恩眷，也渐渐确信自己可以得拯救。他们的督工也不敢像从前那样压制他们了。埃及全地有一种隐忧存在着，唯恐这被迫为奴的民族要起来报仇雪恨。到处有人屏息相问，下一步将怎样呢？[47]{PP 271.6}
§96
The people of Egypt were ready to despair. The scourges that had already fallen upon them seemed almost beyond endurance, and they were filled with fear for the future. The nation had worshiped Pharaoh as a representative of their god, but many were now convinced that he was opposing himself to One who made all the powers of nature the ministers of His will. The Hebrew slaves, so miraculously favored, were becoming confident of deliverance. Their taskmasters dared not oppress them as heretofore. Throughout Egypt there was a secret fear that the enslaved race would rise and avenge their wrongs. Everywhere men were asking with bated breath, What will come next?{PP 271.6}[47]
§97
忽然有黑暗笼罩着埃及遍地，又深又浓，“这黑暗似乎摸得着。”埃及人不但得不到亮光，而且空气郁闷非常，甚至呼吸都感到困难。“三天之久，人不能相见，谁也不敢起来离开本处，唯有以色列人家中都有亮光。”太阳和月亮是埃及人敬拜的对象；在这一次神秘的黑暗中，埃及人和他们的假神，都被那一位维护为奴者的权势所打击了。这灾难虽是可怕，然而却是说明上帝慈悲的一个凭据，并说明他不愿毁灭他们。他要在最后而最可怕的灾难未降之先，给他们充分的时间去反省，悔改。[48]{PP 272.1}
§98
Suddenly a darkness settled upon the land, so thick and black that it seemed a darkness which may be felt. Not only were the people deprived of light, but the atmosphere was very oppressive, so that breathing was difficult. They saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days: but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings. The sun and moon were objects of worship to the Egyptians; in this mysterious darkness the people and their gods alike were smitten by the power that had undertaken the cause of the bondmen. [SEE APPENDIX, NOTE 2.] Yet fearful as it was, this judgment is an evidence of Gods compassion and His unwillingness to destroy. He would give the people time for reflection and repentance before bringing upon them the last and most terrible of the plagues.{PP 272.1}[48]
§99
最后，法老因为恐惧，就不得不再作一次让步。在第三天的黑暗之后，他召了摩西来，答应让百姓去，但要他们把羊群和牛群留在埃及。但摩西回答说：“我们的牲畜也要带去，连一蹄也不留下，因为……我们未到那里，还不知道用什么侍奉耶和华。”王听了这话，就勃然大怒，说：“你离开我去吧，你要小心，不要再见我的面，因为你见我面的那日，你就必死。”[49]{PP 272.2}
§100
Fear at last wrung from Pharaoh a further concession. At the end of the third day of darkness he summoned Moses, and consented to the departure of the people, provided the flocks and herds were permitted to remain. There shall not an hoof be left behind, replied the resolute Hebrew. We know not with what we must serve the Lord, until we come thither. The kings anger burst forth beyond control. Get thee from me, he cried, take heed to thyself, see my face no more; for in that day thou seest my face thou shalt die.{PP 272.2}[49]
§101
回答是：“你说得好；我不再见你的面了。”[50]{PP 272.3}
§102
The answer was, Thou hast spoken well, I will see thy face again no more.{PP 272.3}[50]
§103
“摩西在埃及地法老臣仆和百姓的眼中，看为极大。”埃及人都很敬畏摩西。法老王也不敢伤害他，因为百姓认为只有他一人具有消灾除难的能力。他们都愿意让以色列人离开埃及，对摩西的要求，只有法老和祭司们是反抗到底的。[51]{PP 272.4}
§104
The man Moses was very great in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharaohs servants, and in the sight of the people. Moses was regarded with awe by the Egyptians. The king dared not harm him, for the people looked upon him as alone possessing power to remove the plagues. They desired that the Israelites might be permitted to leave Egypt. It was the king and the priests that opposed to the last the demands of Moses.{PP 272.4}[51]